JPH11141830A - Waste treating facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make compact a waste treating facility in its entirety by providing a waste shredding apparatus and a combustion melting furnace, and constituting the combustion melting furnace with a combustion melting portion to which combustible materials among the shredded waste are supplied and a preheating portion to which incombustible materials among the shredded waste are supplied. SOLUTION: Waste 1 which has been supplied from a feed hopper 4 to a shredding apparatus 2 is dried and shredded therein so as to be separated to combustible materials 5 and incombustible materials 6. The combustible materials 5 are temporarily stored at a silo 9, and then supplied to a combustion melting portion 11 through a supply path 8a with the stream of air from a supply fan F. On the other hand, among the separated incombustible materials 6, kinds of metal 6B are recovered, while those incombustible materials 6A other than the kinds of metal 6B are supplied to a supply hopper 15 so as to be supplied below a preheating chamber 13 by a predetermined amount at a time. With the application of a stirring air to a combustion melting room 14, the combustible materials 5 are mixed and stirred for combustion, so that the incombustible materials 6A on an inclined floor 12 are melted and discharge to a cooling pit as melted slags.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a waste treatment facility.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, an incineration facility 101 for incinerating waste A is included in a waste treatment facility.
And a melting facility 102 for melting the ash discharged from the incineration facility 101.

In the incineration facility 101, waste for storing low-calorie waste (for example, garbage) B and high-calorie waste (for example, waste plastics, paper, and wood) C which are separately collected are stored. Product pit 111, an incinerator 112 for incinerating the waste A supplied from the waste pit 111, and an ash cooling tank 113 for cooling ash generated in the incinerator 112 with water (or air). And an ash pit 11 for storing ash taken out of the ash cooling tank 113.
4 are provided.

The melting facility 102 has a melting furnace 122 for heating and melting the ash supplied from the ash pit 114 with a heating burner 121, and the molten ash melted in the melting furnace 122 is supplied with water (or air). ) And a slag cooling tank 123 for cooling and solidification.

[0005] In order to recover the metal from the granulated slag taken out of the melting facility 102, a metal recovery machine 132 having a magnetic separator 132 for recovering the metal, ie, iron, from the slag on the conveyor 131 for carrying out the slag. Facility 1
33 are provided.

In the above-mentioned waste treatment facility, the waste A in the waste pit 111 is introduced into the incinerator 112 from the charging hopper and burns, and becomes incinerated ash through the ash cooling tank 113 and the ash pit. It is stored in 114.

The ash stored in the ash pit 114 is:
The fuel and the combustion air are supplied into the melting furnace 122, where the fuel and the combustion air are heated and melted by the heating burner 121.
Water granulation treatment is performed in the slag cooling tank 123, and thereafter,
Iron is collected in the metal collection facility 133, and the rest is taken out as slag and reused.

[0008]

By the way, it is expected that the size of waste treatment facilities will increase with the expansion of the area, but in reality, the plan for promoting the expansion of the area will be delayed, and therefore, the size of the waste disposal facility will be small. Waste treatment facilities are also needed.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional waste treatment equipment,
An incineration facility 101 that occupies a large part of this,
Since the melting facility 102 is separate from the melting facility 102, miniaturization is difficult.

[0010] Further, in the above-mentioned conventional waste treatment equipment, there is a problem that flammability of the wastes B and C is poor particularly in municipal waste, and in the incineration facility 101, heat is recovered by a boiler or the like. However, since the heat of melting in the ash melting facility all depends on external energy, there has been a waste of heat efficiently.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a waste disposal facility that can solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0012]

According to the present invention, there is provided a fragmentation apparatus for fragmenting waste, and a combustion melting furnace for burning and melting waste.
This combustion-melting furnace includes a combustion-melting section to which combustibles are supplied out of the waste fragmented by the fragmentation apparatus, and a waste-melting section provided in the combustion-melting section and fragmented by the fragmentation apparatus. Of these, a preheating section to which incombustibles are supplied is provided, and a heating burner using a combustible as fuel is provided in the combustion melting section, and the combustion melting section and the preheating section are communicated via a combustion exhaust gas passage.

[0013] As described above, the combustion melting furnace is provided with a combustion melting section to which a combustible material is supplied from the waste fragmented by the fragmenting apparatus, and is disposed upstream of the combustion melting section. In addition, the provision of the preheating section to which incombustibles are supplied from the wastes fragmented by the fragmentation device makes the whole facility compact.

Further, a combustion melting chamber is provided at the bottom of the combustion melting section to supply incombustibles, and a throttle wall for reducing the cross-sectional area is disposed at an intermediate portion of the combustion melting chamber, and the throttle wall is located above the throttle wall. In the upper space, a retention air nozzle for blowing combustion air in a direction to extend the residence time of the combustible material that has been fragmented is provided, and in the lower space below the throttle wall, the fragmentation is performed. A stirring air nozzle is provided for blowing combustion air in a direction that promotes stirring and mixing of the combustibles.

According to the above construction, in the upper space above the throttle wall, the residence time of the fragmented combustible material is extended, so that the combustion rate of the combustible material is improved. In the lower space, the stirring and mixing of the flaked combustibles is promoted, and high-temperature combustion heat is generated to heat and melt the incombustibles effectively.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in the overall configuration diagram of FIG. 1 and the enlarged sectional view of FIG. 2, the waste treatment facility according to the embodiment of the present invention divides the waste 1 into pieces (also referred to as fluffing).
And a smelting furnace 3 for burning and melting the waste 1.

The shredding device 2 is a known device and has a function of drying, crushing, and sorting the waste 1 supplied from the charging hopper 4 (sorting the waste 1 into combustibles 5 and incombustibles 6). I have. A separating device 7 for separating the sorted incombustibles 6 into metals 6B such as iron and aluminum and other incombustibles 6A is connected to one feed side of the fragmentation device 2, A silo 9 with a feeder 8 is connected to the other feed side of the gasifier 2.

The combustible material 5 in the silo 9 is supplied to the supply passage 8 by opening the supply device 8 and driving the supply fan F.
It is configured to be supplied to the combustion / melting unit 11 via a.

The combustion and melting furnace 3 includes a preheating section 1 to which the non-combustible material 6A of the waste 1 fragmented by the fragmentation device 2 is supplied.
0, a combustion / melting unit 11 to which the combustibles 5 of the waste 1 fragmented by the fragmentation device 2 are supplied, and an inclined floor 12 for sending the incombustibles 6 downstream, and Part 10
Has a preheating chamber 13 in the upper part, and the combustion and melting part 11 has a combustion and melting chamber 14 in the upper part.

A supply hopper 15 for supplying the non-combustible material 6A of the waste 1 fragmented by the fragmentation device 2 is attached to the preheating section 10, and a pusher is provided at the bottom of the supply hopper 15. A supply device 18 including a pusher cylinder 16 and a pusher cylinder 17 is provided.

The combustion and melting section 11 and the preheating section 10
Is communicated through a flue gas passage 16 and the inclined floor 12
Is provided over the preheating unit 10 and the combustion melting unit 11.

Downstream of the combustion melting furnace 3 is a molten slag 2
A slag discharge port 19 for discharging the molten slag 2 dropped and discharged is formed below the slag discharge port 19.
A water granulation pit 22 for cooling water 0 to produce granulated slag 21 is provided. In the granulating pit 22, a scraper conveyor 23 for discharging the granulated slag 21 is provided.
Is arranged.

The combustion melting chamber 1 of the combustion melting section 11
4 comprises a cylindrical side wall 24a and a top wall 24b;
At the opening 4b, a heating burner 25 using the combustible material 5 of the waste 1 fragmented by the fragmentation device 2 as a fuel is attached, and the heating burner 25 has a pneumatic air ( Fuel supply cylinder 2 to which combustible material 5 is supplied by primary combustion air)
A combustion air cylinder 28 having swirlers 27 and supplying secondary combustion air is provided on the outer peripheral portion thereof.

In the combustion-melting chamber 14, a throttle wall 29 for narrowing the cross section of the combustion-melting chamber 14 is provided at an intermediate portion of the side wall 24a on the inner peripheral surface thereof by a central opening 29a.
Thus, an upper space 30 having a volume capable of sufficiently retaining the combustible material 5 and the combustion air from the heating burner 25 and a lower space 31 having a volume capable of sufficiently agitating the combustible material 5 and the combustion air are formed.

The area of the central opening 29a of the throttle wall 29 is 1 / 1.5 to 1/6 of the sectional area of the combustion and melting chamber 14.
By setting the aperture ratio in the range (0.67 to 0.16), it is configured to prevent diffusion of the radiant heat of the flame flow, increase the temperature of the furnace, and promote the combustion of the combustibles 5. . In order to make the flow of the flame flow smooth, the throttle wall 2
The upper surface of the taper 9 is formed with a tapered surface 33 inclined downward at the center.

As shown in FIG. 3, for example, four stagnant air nozzles 34 penetrate through the side wall of the upper space 30, and the combustion air (tertiary combustion) extends in the tangential direction along the flame swirl flow a of the heating burner 25. (Air) b is blown. Thereby, the swirling of the flame flow is further promoted, the residence time of the combustible material 5 is extended to 1.5 to 2 times the conventional value, and the combustion rate of the combustible material 5 can be improved.

As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of, for example, four agitating air nozzles 35 penetrate into the side wall 24a of the lower space 31, and extend radially across the flame swirl flow a of the heating burner 25. The combustion air (tertiary combustion air) is set to be blown. As a result, the flame stream and the combustible material 5 sufficiently retained in the upper space 30 are mixed and agitated and burned at once, thereby generating high-temperature combustion heat to effectively heat and melt the incombustible material 6, thereby forming the molten slag 20. Can be generated.

As shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 4, the agitating air nozzle 35 is supplied with the combustion air d in a direction opposite to the flame swirl flow a.
May be arranged in the direction of blowing. An exhaust gas duct 36 is connected to the top part of the preheating chamber 13, and the flow of the incombustibles 6 and the flow of the combustion exhaust gas 37 are countercurrent to each other. After being brought into contact with the upper noncombustible material 6 and preheated, the combustion exhaust gas 37 is discharged from the exhaust gas duct 36.

In the above configuration, the waste 1 supplied from the charging hopper 4 to the shredding device 2 is dried and crushed here, and is further separated into combustibles 5 and non-combustibles 6. It is supplied to the silo 9. When the supply fan 8 is opened and the supply fan F is driven, the supply fan 8 is supplied to the combustion melting section 11 via the supply path 8a.

On the other hand, of the incombustibles 6 sorted by the fragmenting device 2, metals 6B such as iron and aluminum are separately collected, and the other incombustibles 6A are supplied to a supply hopper 15 and supplied to a supply hopper 15. Supply device 1 provided at bottom of hopper 15
By the drive of 8, a predetermined amount is supplied below the preheating chamber 13 along the inclined floor 12.

Meanwhile, the heating burner 25 is burned in the combustion melting chamber 14, and the upper space 3 narrowed by the throttle wall 29.
At 0, the combustion air from the retention air nozzle 34 is blown in the same direction as the flame swirl flow a, so that the swirl flow is further accelerated and the residence time of the combustible material 5 is extended, which is favorably burned. Further, since the combustion heat generated in the upper space 30 is prevented from being diffused by the throttle wall 29, the temperature of the combustion and melting chamber 14 is increased by heating to promote the combustion of the combustible material 5.

Next, the stirring air nozzle 3 is introduced into the flame flowing from the opening 29a of the throttle wall 29 to the lower space 31.
The mixing and agitation of the combustibles 5 is promoted by the combustion air blown out of the inflammables 6 on the inclined floor 12.
Is heated to 1400 ° C. or more to melt the molten slag 2
Generate 0. Then, the molten slag 20 is discharged from the slag discharge port 19 to the granulation pit 22 and water-cooled, so that the granulated slag 21 is generated.

As a result of the experiment, the opening 2
As described above, the opening ratio of 9a is appropriate in the range of 0.67 to 0.16, and it is found that if the opening ratio deviates from this range, heating at 1400 ° C. or higher at which the incombustibles 6 can be melted cannot be expected.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the waste 1 supplied from the charging hopper 4 is dried and dried.
A fragmentation device 2 for crushing and sorting is provided.
A separating device 7 for separating the sorted incombustibles 6 into metals 6B such as iron and aluminum and other incombustibles 6A is provided on one of the feed sides. The preheating unit 10 to which the incombustibles 6A are supplied from the waste 1 fragmented by the device 2 and the combustion and melting unit 11 to which the combustibles 5 are supplied from the waste 1 fragmented by the fragmentation device 2 By providing such a structure, the entire waste treatment facility can be reduced in size, and construction costs and operation costs can be reduced.

Further, since the heat of melting of the waste 1 is obtained from the combustible material 5, it is possible to prevent waste of heat efficiency. Furthermore, since the combustible material 5 of the waste is fragmented, even municipal waste that is difficult to burn can be burned and the fragmented incombustible material 6A is melted at a high temperature. Is completely decomposed by combustion and its generation can be prevented in the cooling process.

[0036]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention is provided with a fragmentation device for fragmenting waste and a combustion melting furnace for burning and melting waste. The combustion-melting furnace is provided with a combustion-melting part to which combustible materials are supplied out of the waste fragmented by the fragmentation device, and is disposed upstream of the combustion-melting portion and fragmented by the fragmentation device. And a preheating section to which incombustibles are supplied out of the waste, so that the entire waste treatment facility can be downsized,
The construction and operating costs can be reduced, and a heating burner that uses combustibles as fuel is provided in the combustion and melting section, and the combustion and melting section and the preheating section are communicated via the combustion exhaust gas path. As burner fuel, by igniting combustibles from waste, even municipal solids that are difficult to burn can be burned, and the flaked incombustibles are melted at a high temperature. The precursor can be completely decomposed by combustion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste treatment facility showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the combustion melting furnace.

FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of the upper space.

FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view of the lower space.

FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional waste treatment facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste 2 Shredding device 3 Combustion melting furnace 4 Charging hopper 5 Combustible material 6A Noncombustible material 7 Sorting device 10 Preheating unit 11 Combustion melting unit 12 Inclined floor 13 Preheating room 14 Combustion melting room 24a Cylindrical side wall 24b Top wall 25 Heating burner 26 Fuel supply cylinder 28 Combustion air cylinder 29 Throttle wall 29a Opening 30 Upper space 31 Lower space 34 Air nozzle for retention 35 Air nozzle for stirring

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshitoshi Sekiguchi 5-28 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Hideo Shimotani 5-chome, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. 3-28 Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Hide Momoda 3-28 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fragmentation apparatus for fragmenting waste and a combustion melting furnace for burning and melting the waste are provided. And a preheating section provided in the combustion and melting section and supplied with incombustibles among the wastes fragmented by the fragmentation apparatus. A waste treatment facility, wherein a heating burner using a combustible material as a fuel is provided in a combustion melting part, and the combustion melting part and a preheating part are communicated via a combustion exhaust gas passage. 2. A combustion / melting chamber to which an incombustible substance is supplied at the bottom is provided in the combustion / melting section, and a throttle wall for narrowing the cross-sectional area is arranged in an intermediate portion of the combustion / melting chamber, and is located above the throttle wall. In the upper space, a retention air nozzle for blowing combustion air in a direction to extend the residence time of the combustible material that has been fragmented is provided, and in the lower space below the throttle wall, the fragmentation is performed. The waste treatment facility according to claim 1, further comprising a stirring air nozzle for blowing combustion air in a direction to promote stirring and mixing of the combustibles.