JPH1113758A - Non-lubricating rectilinear guide device using wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics as frictional body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide stable frictional characteristic under the condition of no lubricating oil by arranging frictional bodies consisting of wood ceramics or the like of ligneous series porous carbon material on the slide opposite contact faces of a guide holder having a side channel shaped external form and slidably fitted to the upper face and both side outer faces of a guide rail. SOLUTION: In this rectilinear guide device, a pair of fitting grooves are formed along the lengthwise direction on the upper inner face side of a guide holder 2 formed into a side channel shaped external form, and a pair of upper frictional bodies 3, 3 of wood ceramics of ligneous series porous carbon material are fitted into these grooves, so that the guide holder is slidably fitted to the upper face and both side outer faces of the guide rail 1. A pair of slidable member 6, 6 are attached on the inner face sides of both side parts of the holder 2 through attaching screws with washers, both side part frictional bodies 4, 4 of wood ceramics sliding on both side outer faces of the guide rail 1 are fitted into fitting grooves formed along the lengthwise direction on the parts facing to the guide rail 1 sides of the respective slidable members 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a linear guide device which is frequently used as a part (slide portion) of various general industrial machines such as an industrial robot to make them reciprocate linearly on a guide rail. In particular, the positioning of these sets with respect to the guide rails can be performed quickly, easily and accurately, and the coefficient of friction during startup and operation is small, the reciprocating linear motion has a good repetitive operation accuracy, and the durability is excellent. The present invention relates to a linear guide device capable of obtaining stable friction characteristics even under non-lubricating oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As such a conventional linear guide device, for example, as a sliding portion of the device with respect to a guide rail, an alloy of various metals such as a copper alloy, an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy and a magnesium alloy is used as a material. Well-known ones or those using a rolling sliding method via a ball or a roller are well known.

[0003] In these cases, however, there are many problems in dealing with the use temperature, fluctuations in frictional force, permissible contact pressure, and the like, and there are many uses that require a lubricant (oil). Due to the above restrictions, it is generally difficult to achieve stable sliding. And, especially for sliding operation,
In the field of use in the semiconductor field where high speed is required, there is also a problem that structural deterioration is caused due to aging of the metal material used, leading to deterioration of functions and making it difficult to maintain stable operation. In addition, if an excessive load is applied to the ball or roller and backlash occurs, a hammer action due to the inertia moment may occur at the time of reversing the direction of the reciprocating motion, or a momentary increase of several times depending on the heavy load. There is also a problem that the impact load acts to increase the degree of wear, resulting in poor positioning of the device with respect to the guide rail, and difficulty in maintaining repetitive operation accuracy. Furthermore, many conventional devices use oil as a lubricant in order to improve sliding and rolling because of the material and the structure, and therefore the structure of the entire device must be complicated, such as the necessity of an oil supply device. It also has the drawback. In addition, there is a problem that the maintenance costs and maintenance costs for securing the refueling personnel, repairing and inspecting the refueling device, and the like are increased, and the work required for refueling is troublesome. In addition, where the function of the lubricating oil deteriorates, especially at high or low temperatures, where the lubricating oil film is liable to break due to the incorporation of foreign matter, it cannot be used or used in special environments such as special gas, vacuum, radiation environment, etc. There is also a drawback that is significantly restricted.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves various difficulties caused by the material and structure of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, has a small coefficient of friction at the time of start-up and operation, and has improved wear resistance and durability. Lubrication-free linear guide using wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics as a frictional material that is excellent in use and that is suitable for use, such as obtaining stable friction characteristics even under non-lubricating oil and sufficiently withstanding use in the special environment. It is intended to provide a device.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a guide holder having a side channel-like outer shape and slidably fitted on the upper surface and both outer surfaces of a guide rail. On each sliding contact surface with the guide rail, wood ceramics of wood-based porous carbon material or porous carbon materials of non-wood-based plants are used as raw materials, and other obtained by the same manufacturing method as wood ceramics. First, a friction member made of vegetable ceramics is provided, and the guide holder and the guide rail are slid through the friction member made of wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics. The feature of.

Next, as a concrete arrangement means of the friction body made of wood ceramic or other vegetable ceramics which comes into contact with and slides on the guide rail, for example, an upper inner surface of a guide holder having a side channel-shaped outer shape is used. A friction member made of wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics that slides on the upper surface of the guide rail is fitted on the side of the guide rail, and the sliding member is tightened on the inner surface of both sides of the guide rail via mounting screws with washers. And is arranged to be swingably engaged.
A friction member made of wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics that slides on the outer surfaces on both sides of the guide rail is fitted to the sliding member, and the sliding member is mounted on the guide holder by operating a mounting screw with a washer. In some cases, an adjustment screw is provided to adjust the mutual contact pressure by pressing the swingable state toward the guide rail when the swingable state is attained.

As a guide rail for slidingly guiding the guide holder, a stainless steel special steel such as SUS304 is used in order to more effectively exhibit the friction characteristics of wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics. There are cases.

[0008] The above-mentioned other vegetable ceramics are, for example, those obtained from a porous carbon material of a non-woody plant such as bamboo, rice husk, rice bran, etc. as a raw material and obtained by the same production method as wood ceramics. .

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings and FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a front longitudinal sectional side view (sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2) of an embodiment of a main part of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view thereof. A guide rail 1 notched in a V-shape, and a guide holder which is slidably fitted on the outer surface of the guide rail 1 along its axial direction.
2 is provided. Guide holder-2 is a guide rail.
Channel-shaped outer shape (as shown in FIG. 1), the vertical section of the open end of the channel steel is bent inward at a right angle and slightly opposed to An upper friction body 3 made of wood-based porous carbon material wood ceramics and both side portions are formed on the upper inner surface side and both side inner surface sides, which are sliding contact surfaces with the guide rail 1, respectively. The friction bodies 4 are interposed respectively. As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of fitting grooves 5 and 5 are formed along the length direction on the upper inner surface side of the guide holder 2, and a pair of sliding grooves sliding on the upper surface of the guide rail 1 are formed in these grooves. Wood ceramic upper friction bodies 3, 3 are fitted (buried and fixed).
A pair of sliding members 6 and 6 are provided on the inner surface sides on both sides of the guide holder 2 via engagement screws with washers described later, and as shown in FIG. The fitting groove 7, along the length direction in the portion facing the
In this groove, both side friction members 4 of the wood ceramic sliding on the outer surfaces of both sides of the guide rail 1 are formed.
4 is fitted (buried and fixed). Therefore, the guide holder 2 and the guide rail 1 are slid via the upper friction members 3 and the both side friction members 4 and 4.

The sliding members 6 and 6 are engaged with the inner surfaces of both sides of the guide holder 2 in a tight and swingable manner via mounting screws 8 with washers shown in FIGS. Insert holes 9 for countersunk mounting screws 8 shown in FIGS. 9 and 13 are formed on both sides of the guide holder-2.
The sliding members 6 and 6 have a screw hole 10 on a part of the guide holder-2 side where no screw portion is formed, and the mounting screw 8 with a washer is inserted into the insertion hole 9 of the guide holder-2. By screwing the tip portion into the threaded portion of the screw hole 10 of the sliding member 6, the sliding members 6, 6 are tightly engaged with the inner surfaces on both sides of the guide holder 2 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, loosen the mounting screw 8 with washer and
When the threaded engagement with the threaded portion 0 is released, the sliding members 6 and 6 are in a free state with respect to the mounting screw 8 with the washer, and are movable with respect to the mounting screw 8 with the washer along the axial direction thereof ( (Translation) and swing (tilt). Also, as will be described later, the contact pressure of the friction members 4 and 4 on both sides fitted to the sliding members 6 and 6 against the outer surfaces on both sides of the guide rail 1 is appropriately applied to both sides of the guide holder-2. An adjustment screw 11 for adjustment is provided so as to fit in the screw hole 12.

A guide holder 2 is provided on the outer surface of the guide rail 1.
In order to slidably set the screw, first tighten the mounting screw 8 with a washer and screw the screw hole 1 of the sliding member 6 with its tip.
The screw members of No. 0 are screwed into each other, and the sliding members 6 and 6 are tightly engaged with the inner surfaces of both sides of the guide holder 2 in close contact. In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, a gap a is provided between the wedge-shaped notched inclined surfaces on both outer surfaces of the guide rail 1 and both side friction members 4 and 4 of the wood ceramic fitted to the sliding member 6. Are arranged so that when the guide holder 2 having a channel-like outer shape is inserted and fitted from the side end portion of the guide rail 1, the insertion and fitting is smoothly performed. Next, the mounting screws 8 with washers
When the screw is loosened to release the threaded fitting of the sliding member 6 with the threaded portion of the screw hole 10, the sliding member 6 is free from the mounting screw 8 with a washer.
As shown in (1), the adjusting screw 11 is tightened to push the sliding member 6 toward the guide rail 1 side. Then, the sliding member 6,
Since the friction members 4 on both sides fitted to 6 move to the guide rail 1 side along the mounting screws 8 with washers, and come into contact with the wedge-shaped notched inclined surfaces on the outer surfaces of both sides, the adjusting screw 11 is formed.
By appropriately adjusting the amount of pushing operation of the sliding members 6 and 6, the contact pressure of the friction members 4 and 4 on both sides against the outer surfaces of both sides of the guide rail 1 is adjusted appropriately. At this time, as shown in FIG. 14, a gap b is provided between the inner surfaces of both sides of the guide holder 2 and the sliding members 6 and 6, and the sliding members 6 and 6 are fitted with washers. The screw 8 is free, and the front surface is in contact with the wedge-shaped notched inclined surface on the outer surface on both sides of the guide rail 1 via the friction members 4 on both sides, and the central portion on the rear surface is supported by the adjustment screw 11. Even if an excessive pressure is applied to the sliding members 6 and 6, the sliding members 6 and 6 can be appropriately swung (tilted) within the range of the angle α shown in the figure, and the contact is maintained reasonably and stably. The adjustment screw 11 is sealed with paint or the like after the appropriate adjustment of the contact pressure by the pushing operation is completed.

FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 are explanatory views showing the specific use of the apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
The guide holders 2 are slidably fitted via the upper and both side friction bodies 3 and 4 at predetermined intervals and set. The guide rails 1, 1 are fixedly mounted on the slide base 13 by screws. A movable body 14 is fixed to the upper surfaces of the four guide holders 2 by screws, and a heavy object which is a part of other elements of various general industrial machines such as an industrial robot is loaded and fixed on the movable body 14. I do. Therefore, an industrial machine such as an industrial robot mounted and fixed on the movable body 14 slides on the guide rail 2 via the upper and both side frictional bodies 3 and 4 which come into contact with the guide rail 1 so as to be on the guide rail 1. Make a reciprocating linear motion along its axial direction (in the direction of the arrow in the figure).

FIGS. 15 and 16 show an apparatus according to the present invention (referred to as a newly developed bearing in the figure, which is not lubricated) and a conventional apparatus (referred to as a conventional bearing in the figure, in which the grease is lubricated). FIG. 4 is a characteristic explanatory diagram obtained by comparing and experimenting on friction characteristics.
The same figure shows the change in the coefficient of friction with respect to the speed and distance during friction.As can be seen from this figure, the device of the present invention is not lubricated, but compared to the conventional device using lubricating oil. The friction coefficient at startup and during operation is small and stable, so that the sliding operation of the device requires less operating energy.
It can be performed lightly and economically.

The friction members 3 and 4 are fired at a firing temperature of 80.
An experiment was conducted using wood ceramics, which were heat-treated at 0 ° C. or more and contained 30% or more of hard glassy carbon impregnated with phenol resin, and found that both the specific wear amount and the friction coefficient were stable in an extremely small state. And a light sliding operation could be performed.

In the above embodiment, the friction bodies 3 and 4 are made of wood ceramics made of a woody porous carbon material having excellent frictional properties, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, bamboo,
It is possible to use a porous carbon material of a non-woody plant such as rice husk or rice bran as a raw material in the same production method as wood ceramics, and use other vegetable ceramics having the same friction characteristics as the wood ceramics.

Then, the guide holder 2 is connected to the friction members 3 and 4.
SUS3 as a guide rail 1 that slides and guides through
When a stainless steel special steel such as 04 was used, the friction characteristics possessed by the wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics could be more effectively exhibited.

[0018]

Since the present invention has the above-described structure, it solves the above-mentioned various problems caused by the material and structure of the conventional apparatus, and has the following specific effects.

According to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the sliding operation between the guide holder and the guide rail is not limited to wood ceramic or wood based porous wood carbon material having excellent sliding friction characteristics. Is made through a friction body made of other vegetable ceramics obtained by the same manufacturing method as wood ceramics, using the porous carbon material of the plant as a raw material. Compared with the dynamic and rolling sliding methods, the semiconductor field requires a smaller friction coefficient at startup and during operation, has better wear resistance, durability, and repeatability, and requires high-precision sliding friction characteristics. The straight-line method is suitable for use in a lubricating environment, and provides stable friction characteristics even under non-lubricating oil, so that light and stable sliding operation can be performed with a small force over a long period of time. It can be economically realized device. In addition, there is little noise due to the material, there is no problem in terms of mechanical rigidity, and there is no need for lubricating oil, so there are no restrictions on use such as the above-mentioned temperature restrictions and use restrictions in special environments. Since there is no need for refueling equipment and labor for refueling, and the need for securing the personnel, it is possible to greatly reduce or save labor, cost, and time for maintenance, management, and maintenance. Further, the overall structure of the device can be simplified, which is suitable for use.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics can effectively exhibit the stable frictional characteristics possessed by the wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics. The fitted sliding member is tightly and swingably (freely) engaged and disposed on the inner surface of both sides of the guide holder via mounting screws with washers, and the sliding members are attached to the mounting screws with washers. On the other hand, in the free state, an adjusting screw for pushing the guide rail toward the guide rail side to appropriately adjust the contact pressure of the friction body against the guide rail is provided on the guide holder, so that the device for the guide rail is provided. It can quickly, easily, and accurately position a set of industrial robots to be mounted, and swing of sliding members even when excessive pressure is applied. It is excellent in durability as well as a more repetitive operation precision of linear reciprocation more reasonably stable contact is maintained satisfactorily.

In the invention according to claim 4, since the stainless steel special steel such as SUS304 which also has excellent friction characteristics is used as the guide rail for slidingly guiding the guide holder, the wood ceramic or other special steel is used. The stable friction characteristics possessed by vegetable ceramics can be exhibited more effectively.

As described in the above embodiment,
In the case where wood ceramics fired at a temperature of 800 ° C. or more and containing 30% or more of hard glassy carbon impregnated with a phenol resin are used as the friction body, both the specific wear and the friction coefficient are extremely small. A linear guide having excellent friction characteristics is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front central longitudinal side view of a main part of the present invention (A-
A section) figure.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a main part of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a use state of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a guide holder.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the above.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the above.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a rear view of the sliding member.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the above.

FIG. 12 is a front view of the above.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the operation when the guide holder is inserted into the guide rail.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the operation at the time of adjusting the contact pressure of the friction body with respect to the guide rail.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a comparison experiment of friction characteristics showing a difference in a change in friction coefficient with respect to a friction distance between the present invention and a conventional device.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a comparative experiment of friction characteristics showing a difference in a change in a friction coefficient with respect to the friction speed in the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Guide rail 2 Guide holder 3 Upper friction body of wood ceramics 4 Friction body of both sides of wood ceramics 5 Fitting groove 6 Sliding member 7 Fitting groove 8 Mounting screw with washer 9 Insertion hole 10 Screw hole 11 Adjustment screw 12 Screw hole 13 Slide base 14 Movable body

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A guide rail having an outer shape in the form of a side channel.
A friction body made of a wood-based porous carbon material, wood ceramic, is disposed on each sliding contact surface of the guide holder, which is slidably fitted on the upper surface and both outer surfaces of the rail. A lubrication-free linear guide device using wood ceramic as a friction member, wherein the guide holder and the guide rail are slid through the wood ceramic friction member. 2. A guide rail having an outer shape in a side channel shape.
Each of the guide holders slidably fitted to the upper surface and both outer surfaces of the rail is slidably contacted with the guide rail. A friction body made of other vegetable ceramics obtained by a simple manufacturing method, and sliding between the guide holder and the guide rail via the friction body of other vegetable ceramics. Non-lubricated linear guide device using other vegetable ceramics as a friction body. 3. A guide rail provided on a top inner surface side of a guide holder having a side channel-like outer shape as means for arranging a friction body made of wood ceramic or other vegetable ceramics which comes into contact with and slides on the outer surface of the guide rail. -The sliding member can be tightened and rocked on the inner surface side of both sides of the guide holder through a mounting screw with a washer while a friction member made of wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics sliding on the upper surface of the tool is fitted. And a friction member made of wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics sliding on the outer surfaces of both sides of the guide rail is fitted to the sliding member, and the sliding member is mounted on the guide holder. When the mounting screw with washer is turned into a swingable state by operating it, it is pressed against the guide rail to adjust the mutual contact pressure appropriately. Unlubricated linear guide device for the friction body woodceramics or other vegetable ceramics according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that arranged the section screws. 4. A guide rail for slidingly guiding a guide holder.
4. A wood ceramic according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a stainless steel special steel such as SUS304 is used as the metal to more effectively exhibit the frictional properties possessed by wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics. Or a non-lubricated linear guide device using a friction material made of other vegetable ceramics.