JPH0942285A - Linear movement guiding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide high radial load characteristics and damping properties by arranging right and left balls between an upper surface of a track rail and opposite surfaces of a horizontal part of a moving block, a pair of rollers between the right and left sides of the track rail and the opposite surfaces of the right and left leg parts of a moving block, and a gap adjusting means between a roller holding groove and a roller slide groove. SOLUTION: A moving block 3 is provided with a horizontal part 31 and a pair of leg parts 32, and a track rail 2 has balls 4 in right and left trains located between opposite surfaces of a horizontal part 31. A pair of right and left rollers 5 extending in the axial direction of the track rail 2 are axially slidably located between the right and left sides of the track rail 2 and the opposite surfaces of the right and left leg parts 32. A gas adjusting mechanism 13 is provided to press or draw a portion, situated between the right and left fixed bolts 11, of the horizontal part 31, vertically bend the horizontal part 31 for deformation, and adjust a gap between the roller holding groove 71 and the roller slide groove 72 of a leg member 32 and the track rail 2. Load capacity to support a radial load by balls in two rows is increased, roller pre-load is changed by the gap adjusting means, and proper damping properties are provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a linear motion guide device used for various machine tools and slide parts of industrial robots.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional linear motion guide device of this type is shown in FIG. There are the following.

That is, the track rail 100 and the track rail 100 are movably provided along the longitudinal direction of the track rail 100.
The horizontal portion 101 facing the upper surface of the track rail 100, and the track rail 10 extending downward from the left and right ends of the horizontal portion 101.
A pair of leg portions 102, 102 facing the left and right side surfaces of 0.
And a moving block 103 provided with.

A large number of balls 104 arranged in two rows are rotatably interposed between the upper surface of the track rail 100 and the facing surface of the horizontal portion 101 of the moving block 103. A large number of balls 105 arranged in two rows are also rotatably interposed between the facing surfaces of the left and right leg portions 102, 102 of the moving block 103.

Therefore, the left and right shoulders of the track rail 100 are vertically sandwiched by the ball 104 on the upper surface side and the ball 105 on the side surface side, and the radial load from above is opposite to the reverse radial load from below by the ball 104 on the upper surface side. It is supported by the ball 105 on the side surface and supports the moving block 103 against the track rail 100 without rattling.

Further, the horizontal portion 101 of the moving block 103
Is fixed to the table 107 by fixing bolts 106 and 106 at two positions on the left and right, and the portion between the left and right fixing bolts 106 and 106 of the horizontal portion 101 is fixed to the table 107.
Gap adjusting bolt 10 that pushes the track rail 100 side toward the track rail 100 side or pulls it toward the moving base side to bend and deform in the vertical direction.
8 is provided, and by pressing and pulling the horizontal portion 101 of the moving block 103 with the gap adjusting bolt 108, the left and right leg portions 102, 102 of the moving block 103 are provided.
The preload applied to the ball 105 can be adjusted by widening or narrowing the gap between the left and right side surfaces of the track rail 100.

[0007]

However, in the case of the above-mentioned prior art, the running resistance is small, and even if a load is applied in the up-down direction, the moving block 103 has an excellent running performance such that the moving block 103 runs lightly without rattling. Although having a small running resistance, on the other hand, the damping property is low, and it takes time to completely stop the moving block 103 due to inertia when stopping the moving block 103 from the running state,
There were problems such as poor responsiveness.

As a technique for imparting damping properties to such a linear motion guide device, as shown in FIG. 15, the horizontal portions 101, 101 of the moving block 103 are attached to the gap adjusting bolt 108.
The left and right legs 102, 10 are pressed or pulled by
A technique is known in which the friction portion 109 provided on the second rail is brought into frictional contact with the track rail 100.

Therefore, it is conceivable to provide such a friction portion 109 in the linear motion guide device of the first conventional example described above.

However, in the first conventional example, such a friction portion 1 is used.
If 09 is provided, there is a problem that the height of the moving block 103 is increased and the size of the entire apparatus is increased.

Since the horizontal portion 101 is pulled up by the clearance adjusting bolt 108, the left and right leg portions 102, 10
Although No. 2 is deformed inward, the amount of deformation is different between the vicinity of the clearance adjusting bolt 108 and the portion away from the clearance adjusting bolt 108, so that the friction portions 109 of the left and right leg portions 102, 102 of the moving block 103 are different. Becomes an uneven hit,
The wear of the friction portion 109 is also non-uniform, which causes a problem that the damping characteristic is not stable.

On the other hand, as another conventional technique, as shown in FIG. 16, a roller 110 extending along the axial direction of the track rail 100 is interposed between the moving block 103 and the track rail 100, and the sliding of the roller 110 is performed. It is also known that the moving block 103 is linearly guided by contact.

However, in the case where the roller 110 is used, running resistance of the moving block 103 becomes large, so that light running characteristics cannot be obtained and energy loss during running becomes too large.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its object is to provide an axial roller between a rolling block and a sliding contact between a moving block and a track rail. It is an object of the present invention to provide a linear motion guide device having a high load radial load characteristic and a damping characteristic by being mounted, and further, the damping characteristic is not deteriorated.

[0015]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a track rail and a track rail are provided so as to be movable along the longitudinal direction of the track rail and face the upper surface of the track rail. A moving block having a horizontal portion and a pair of legs extending downward from both left and right ends of the horizontal portion and facing left and right side surfaces of the track rail, and a facing surface of the track rail upper surface and the horizontal portion of the moving block. A large number of right and left rows of a plurality of balls rotatably interposed therebetween, and a shaft of a track rail slidably interposed between the left and right side surfaces of the track rail and the facing surfaces of the left and right leg portions of the moving block. Holding a pair of left and right rollers extending in a predetermined direction, a ball rolling groove formed on the upper surface of the track rail and an opposing surface of a horizontal portion of the moving block so as to roll and guide the two rows of balls. In order to Roller holding grooves formed on the surfaces of the left and right legs of the track rail facing the right and left side surfaces of the track rail, and the left and right side surfaces of the track rail in order to slide and guide the rollers held in the roller holding grooves in the axial direction. By bending and deforming the roller sliding groove formed, the left and right fixing means for fixing the horizontal part of the moving block to the moving base, and the left and right fixing means of the horizontal part of the moving block in the vertical direction. Gap adjusting means for adjusting the gap between the roller holding groove and the roller sliding groove by displacing the left and right legs of the moving block in a direction in which the left and right legs are moved toward and away from the left and right side surfaces of the track rail. It is characterized by

Further, a track rail, a horizontal portion movably provided along the longitudinal direction of the track rail, and a horizontal portion facing the upper surface of the track rail, and left and right ends of the horizontal rail extending downward from both left and right ends of the horizontal portion. A moving block having a pair of legs facing both sides, and a large number of left and right two rows rotatably interposed between the left and right side faces of the track rail and the facing faces of the left and right legs of the moving block. And the left and right extending in the longitudinal direction of the track rail, which is located below the left and right two rows of balls and is slidably interposed between the left and right side surfaces of the track rail and the facing surfaces of the left and right legs of the moving block. A pair of rollers, a ball rolling groove formed on the left and right side surfaces of the track rail and an opposing surface of the left and right leg portions of the moving block for rollingly guiding the two rows of balls, and the pair of left and right rollers are held. Therefore, left of the moving block Roller holding grooves formed on a surface of the leg portion facing the right and left side surfaces of the track rail, and formed on both left and right side surfaces of the track rail so as to slide and guide the rollers held in the roller holding groove in the axial direction. Roller sliding groove,
By bending and deforming a portion between the pair of left and right fixing means for fixing the horizontal portion of the moving block to the moving table and the left and right fixing means of the horizontal portion of the moving block in the vertical direction,
Gap adjusting means for adjusting the gap between the roller holding groove and the roller sliding groove by displacing the left and right leg portions of the moving block in a direction in which they come in contact with and separate from the left and right side surfaces of the track rail. Is characterized by.

In the present invention, the radial load for pressing the moving block toward the track rail side is carried by the two rows of balls, and the reverse radial load for separating the moving block from the track rail is carried by the two rows of rollers, so that the moving block is supported. Support without rattling.

Particularly, since it is supported by two rows of balls on the upper surface side of the track rail with respect to a radial load, it has a high load bearing capacity and rolling resistance, so that it can move lightly even when a large load is applied.

On the other hand, the running resistance of the moving block is the sum of the rolling resistance of the two rows of balls and the sliding resistance of the two rows of rollers, but the sliding resistance of the rollers causes the linear motion guide of conventional balls only. Damping characteristics that cannot be obtained with the device can be obtained.

Further, the gap adjusting means can adjust the gap between the roller sliding grooves as necessary to change the preload of the roller and obtain an appropriate damping characteristic.

For example, when light running with low resistance is required, the gap between the roller sliding grooves is widened by the gap adjusting means to reduce the sliding resistance of the roller. Further, when high damping characteristics are required, the gap between the roller sliding grooves is narrowed to increase the sliding resistance of the roller.

The depth of the ball rolling groove is approximately 1 / the ball diameter.
The groove depth is preferably about 2 and the depth of the roller holding groove and the roller sliding groove is also preferably about 1/2 of the roller diameter.

When the roller is brought into contact with the roller sliding groove having an arcuate cross section, the contact area of the roller is increased. Therefore, the contact pressure per unit area is small, the wear of the contact surface is less than that of the conventional friction contact portion, the damping characteristic is not deteriorated early, and the damping characteristic can be maintained for a long time. In particular, if the roller sliding groove is a deep groove having a diameter of about ½ of the roller diameter, the contact area can be made larger.

Further, if the ball rolling groove is a deep groove having a diameter of about 1/2 of the ball diameter, the contact area is large, and the load bearing characteristic is further improved by being combined with the deep groove structure of the roller sliding groove. Can be increased.

Further, since the roller is in axial contact with the roller sliding groove, even if there is a processing error in the roller sliding groove in the lengthwise direction and there is a portion that locally hits the roller sliding groove, Since the contact length of the roller is long, the contact is made uniform as a whole, stable damping characteristics are provided, and accurate linear guide is possible.

Further, since the central portion of the horizontal portion is bent and deformed by pressing and pulling the horizontal portion by the gap adjusting means to open and close the left and right leg portions of the moving block, compared with the case where the left and right leg portions are directly pressed. The left and right legs can be deformed as a whole. That is, when the left and right legs are laterally pressed with bolts or the like, the pressing portions are locally deformed, and the contact of the rollers becomes uneven. On the other hand, since the left and right legs are opened and closed through the bending deformation of the horizontal part, even if the horizontal part is unevenly pressed or pulled, the force is dispersed inside the moving block and the left and right legs are almost even. And the roller holding grooves provided on the left and right legs are displaced parallel to the roller sliding groove while maintaining a substantially linear state, and the gap therebetween can be adjusted substantially uniformly. Further, even if there is a portion where the linearity of the roller holding groove is not uniform, the roller holding groove does not directly contact the roller sliding groove but comes into contact with the roller sliding groove through the roller. The smaller the roller contact with the roller sliding groove, the more uniform the contact in the axial and circumferential directions. As a result, the roller sliding groove and the roller are evenly worn, and the damping characteristic can be maintained for a long period of time while maintaining stable linear running accuracy.

Further, when the left and right leg portions of the moving block are opened and closed by the gap adjusting means, the circular roller slightly rotates along the inner peripheral surface of the roller sliding surface having an arcuate cross section.
As a result, the wear points of the rollers are made uniform, and stable damping characteristics can be obtained over a long period of time.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiment.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a linear motion guide device according to the present invention.

This linear motion guide device 1 includes a track rail 2
And a moving block 3 having a U-shaped cross-section, which is open downward and is movably provided along the longitudinal direction of the track rail 2. The moving block 3 includes a horizontal portion 31 facing the upper surface of the track rail 2, and a pair of leg portions 32, 32 extending downward from both left and right ends of the horizontal portion 31 and facing both left and right side surfaces of the track rail 2. Is equipped with.

The track rail 2 is a linear rail having a substantially rectangular cross section. Between the upper surface of the track rail 2 and the facing surface of the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3, two rows of balls 4, 4 are provided on the left and right. ing.

A pair of left and right rollers 5, 5 extending along the axial direction of the track rail 2 is provided between the left and right side surfaces of the track rail 2 and the facing surfaces of the left and right leg portions 32, 32 of the moving block 3.
, Is interposed so as to be slidable in the axial direction.

Ball rolling grooves 61, 62 for rolling and guiding the two rows of balls 4, 4 are provided on the upper surface of the track rail 2 and on the surface facing the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 one by one on the left and right. .

The left and right legs 32, 3 of the moving block 3
On the surface of the track rail 2 facing the left and right side surfaces, roller holding grooves 71, 71 for holding the pair of left and right rollers 5, 5 extending linearly in the axial direction are provided on the left and right side surfaces of the track rail 2. Are provided with roller sliding grooves 72, 72 for axially slidingly guiding the roller 5 held by the moving block 3. The roller sliding grooves 72, 72 provided on the track rail 2 extend linearly over the entire length of the track rail 2.

The length of the roller 5 may be one long roller extending over the entire length of the moving block 3 or may be divided into a plurality of rollers.

A contact angle line L1 connecting the contact points of the ball 4 on the upper surface of the track rail 2 with the ball rolling grooves 61, 62.
Is about 45 ° clockwise with respect to the ball 4 on the left side with respect to the horizontal line H passing through the center of the ball 3, and the ball 4 on the right side is
Is tilted approximately 45 ° counterclockwise.

On the other hand, the contact angle line L2 connecting the contact points with the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 of the roller on the side surface of the track rail 2 is on the left side of the horizontal line H passing through the center of the roller 5. For the roller 5, counterclockwise approximately 45
The roller 5 on the right side is inclined clockwise by about 45 °.

The contact angle of the ball 4 on the upper surface side of the track rail 2 is, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the contact angle line L1 of each ball 4 relative to the horizontal line H passing through the center of the ball 3 The ball 4 may be set to approximately 90 ° clockwise. Of course, the contact angle between the ball 4 and the roller 5 is
The angle is not limited to the illustrated one, and various angles can be set.

Two rows of balls 4, 4 on the upper surface side of the track rail 2 and rollers 5, 5 on the left and right side surfaces of the track rail 2.
And the upper and left corners 21 and 21 of the upper end of the track rail 2.
It is configured to sandwich.

The depth of the ball rolling grooves 61 and 62 is preferably about 1/2 of the ball diameter, and the depths of the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 are the same as those of the roller diameter. It is preferably a deep groove of about / 2.

The horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 has the above-mentioned 2
Two ball return passages 8 are provided to circulate and guide the rows of balls 4. The ball return passage 8 is formed by a hole that extends linearly in parallel with the ball rolling grooves 61 and 62 provided in the moving block 3.

At both ends of the moving block 3 in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. 2, a U-shaped turning for turning the ball 4 interposed between the track rail 2 and the moving block 3 into a ball return passage 8. A side lid 10 forming the passage 9 is attached. Further, both end portions in the axial direction of the roller 5 are provided on the side lid 10
The axial movement is restricted by.

Further, fixing screw holes 11a, 11a are formed in both left and right ends of the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3, and the moving block 3 is fixed by the left and right fixing bolts 11, 11 as fixing means. The movable table 12 is fixed to the horizontal portion 31.

The horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 is moved by pressing the portion between the left and right fixing bolts 11 and 11 from the moving base 12 toward the track rail 2 side or pulling from the track rail 2 side toward the moving base 12 side. As a gap adjusting means for vertically bending and deforming the horizontal portion 31 of the block 12 to adjust the gap between the left and right leg portions 32, 32 of the moving block 3 and the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 of the track rail 2. A gap adjusting mechanism 13 is provided.

The clearance adjusting mechanism 13 is a hydraulic mechanism, and the cylinder 1 is provided between the upper surface of the moving block 3 and the moving table 12.
4 and a piston 15 which is inserted into the cylinder 14 so as to be reciprocally movable by a predetermined distance. The piston 15 is fixed to the moving block 3 by a bolt 16.

The cylinder 14 has a hollow cylinder body 18 provided with a cylinder bore 17, and a lid body 19 for closing an upper end opening of the cylinder bore 17 of the cylinder body 18.
The lower end opening of the cylinder body 18 is closed by the upper surface of the moving block 3, and the upper end of the cylinder body 18 is closed by the lid 19. The lid 19 is provided with a first oil passage 21 for introducing a hydraulic pressure into the cylinder upper chamber 20 partitioned by the piston 15 and a second oil passage 23 for introducing a hydraulic pressure into the cylinder lower chamber 22 in the moving block 3. There is. The lower cylinder chamber 22 is formed by a gap between the piston 15 and the upper surface of the moving block 3. That is, the fixed seat portion 15a joined to the moving block 3 projects at the center of the lower surface of the piston 15, and a gap is formed between the lower surface of the piston 15 and the upper surface of the moving block 3. However, a fixed seat portion that partially abuts the lower surface of the piston 15 may be provided on the upper surface of the moving block 3 in a protruding manner.

Sealing members 24 such as O-rings are provided between the joint surfaces of the cylinder body 18 and the lid body 19 and between the joint surfaces of the cylinder body 18 and the moving block 3, respectively.
The inside of the cylinder 14 is sealed. Further, a seal member 25 for sealing between the sliding surface with the inner circumference of the cylinder bore 17 is slidably mounted on the outer circumference of the piston 15, and a fixing bolt 24 for fixing the piston 15 to the moving block 3 and a piston. A seal member 26 for sealing the gap between the bolt hole 15 and the bolt hole 25 is attached.

The gap adjusting mechanism 13 may be provided at one position in the center of the moving block, or a plurality of gap adjusting mechanisms may be provided so as to be separated in the axial direction.

In the figure, 27 is an end seal for sealing the gap between the side lid 10 and the four track rails 2, and 28 is the lower end opening of the gap between the leg portions 32, 32 of the moving block and the side surface of the track rail 2. A side seal that prevents dust and the like from entering the roller sliding portion, and 29 is an inner seal that prevents dust and dirt that has entered between the horizontal portion of the moving block and the upper surface of the track rail 2 from entering the ball rolling groove. is there. Further, 30 is a grease nipple.

In the present invention, the radial load for pressing the moving block 3 toward the track rail 2 side is the track rail 2
The two rows of balls 4 and 4 arranged on the upper surface side support the moving block 3 from the track rail 2, and the reverse radial load that separates the moving block 3 from the track rail 2 is supported by the two rows of rollers 5 and 5 to support the moving block 3 without rattling. To do.

In particular, since radial load is supported by the two rows of balls 3 on the upper surface of the track rail 2, the load bearing capacity is high and the rolling resistance allows it to move smoothly even when a large load is applied. To do.

On the other hand, the running resistance of the moving block 3 is the sum of the rolling resistance of the balls 4 and 4 in the two rows and the sliding resistance of the rollers 5 and 5 in the two rows.
The slip resistance of 5 provides damping characteristics that cannot be obtained by the conventional linear motion guide device using only the ball 3.

Further, the gap adjusting mechanism 13 can adjust the gap between the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 as necessary to change the preload of the roller 5 and obtain an appropriate damping characteristic. Is.

For example, when light running with low resistance is required, the roller holding groove 7 is moved by the gap adjusting mechanism 13.
The sliding resistance of the roller 5 is reduced by widening the gap between 1 and the roller sliding groove 72. Also, when high damping characteristics are required,
The sliding resistance of the roller 5 is increased by narrowing the gap between the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72.

For example, when it is used as a guide for a table of a machine tool, it is preferable that the moving speed is high when not cutting. Therefore, a clearance is provided between the roller 5 and the roller sliding groove 72 to reduce the moving resistance and stop. Since damping is required at the time of cutting and during cutting, the gap between the roller 5 and the roller sliding groove 7 is eliminated to provide damping due to the sliding resistance of the roller 5.

Examining the load characteristics, if there is a gap between the roller 5 and the roller sliding groove 72, a general radial load (direction in which the moving block 3 is pressed against the track rail 2)
However, since the balls of the upper two rows 4 are loaded, the rigidity is high. Further, the sliding resistance is smooth because it is the rolling resistance of the balls 4.

On the other hand, for the reverse radial load (the direction in which the moving block 3 is separated from the track rail 2), the roller 5
After the roller 5 is displaced to the amount of the gap between the roller sliding groove 7 and the roller sliding groove 7, the roller 5 receives a load, so that the roller 5 has rigidity. Further, since the sliding resistance of the roller 5 acts, damping characteristics are imparted.

Further, with respect to the horizontal load, the ball 4 and the roller 5 receive a load, so that they have rigidity. Roller 5
Since the slip resistance of (1) acts, damping characteristics are imparted.

Next, when there is no gap between the roller 5 and the roller sliding groove 72 and a preload is applied, the balls 4 in the upper two rows are subjected to a load against the radial load, so that there is rigidity. Since it has a structure in which the ball 4 and the roller 5 are sandwiched,
The ball 4 is naturally given a preload and has high rigidity. On the other hand, since slip resistance by the roller 5 acts, damping characteristics are imparted.

Further, against the reverse radial load, a preload is applied by the roller 5, so that the rigidity is high. Moreover, since the roller 5 slides, damping characteristics are imparted.

Further, since the roller 5 is preloaded against the horizontal load, the rigidity is high. Further, since the slip resistance of the roller 5 acts, a damping characteristic is obtained.

Here, the operation of the gap adjusting mechanism 13 is such that when the distance between the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 is increased, the pressure oil in the cylinder lower chamber 22 is drained through the second oil passage 23, and Pressure oil is introduced into the cylinder upper chamber 20 through the first oil passage 21, and the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 is pressed via the piston 15. When the center of the horizontal portion of the moving block 3 is pressed, the pressing force and the pressing reaction force acting on the left and right fixing bolts 11 as a reaction of this pressing force become a couple,
A moment in the direction of opening the left and right legs 32 is generated, and the moment shown in FIG.
As shown in, the gap between the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 is enlarged, and the preload of the roller 5 is reduced.

On the other hand, the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 7
When narrowing the interval of 2, the pressure oil in the cylinder upper chamber 20 is drained through the first oil passage 21, and the pressure oil is introduced into the cylinder lower chamber through the second oil passage 23 and moved through the piston 15. The center of the horizontal portion 31 of the block 3 is pulled in a direction in which it is separated from the track rail 2. This pulling force and the reaction force that acts as a reaction of the pulling force to press the joint surface between the upper surface of the moving block 3 and the cylinder 14 become a couple force, and as shown in FIG. A moment in the direction of closing the portion 32 is generated, the gap between the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 is narrowed, and the preload of the roller 5 is increased.

Further, in the case of the present embodiment, since the roller 5 is in contact with the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 having an arcuate cross section, the arcuate surfaces are in contact with each other and the contact area is large. Therefore, the roller contact pressure per unit area is small, the wear of the contact surface is less than that of the conventional friction contact portion as shown in the figure, the damping characteristic is not deteriorated early, and the damping characteristic can be maintained for a long period of time.

Since the roller 5 is in axial contact with the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72,
Even if the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 have a partial processing error in the length direction, the contact length of the roller 5 is long, so that the contact state is uniform as a whole and stable damping characteristics are obtained. With this, accurate straight line guidance is possible.

In addition, the horizontal portion 3 is provided by the gap adjusting mechanism 13.
Since the left and right leg portions 32, 32 of the moving block 3 are opened and closed by the moment generated by pushing and pulling 1, the left and right leg portions 32, 32 are entirely moved as compared with the case of directly pushing the left and right leg portions 32, 32. In addition, since the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding grooves 71, 72 are in sliding contact with each other via the roller 5, the local deformation can be made smooth and uniform, and the roller 5 can be axially deformed. ，
A uniform contact can be obtained by making full contact with the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 both in the circumferential direction. As a result, the wear of the roller sliding groove 72 becomes uniform, and the damping characteristics can be maintained for a long period of time while maintaining the straight running accuracy.

Further, when the left and right leg portions 32, 32 of the moving block 3 are opened and closed by the gap adjusting mechanism 13, FIG.
As shown in (e) and (f), the circular roller 5 slightly rotates along the inner peripheral surface of the roller sliding groove 72 having an arc-shaped cross section. That is, when the leg portion 2 is displaced in the closing direction, the roller 5 rotates so as to slightly bite in the counterclockwise direction in the drawing due to the contact angle. Then, when the leg portion 32 is displaced in the opening direction to eliminate the preload, the roller 5 reversely rotates in the direction to return to the original position, but the roller 5 does not completely return to the original position and is contacted by the influence of friction. The points shift. Therefore, if this gap adjustment is repeated, the contact point of the roller 5 will rotate little by little. When the legs 32 are closed and the roller 5 is preloaded, and the legs 32 are opened to the extent that a gap is formed between the roller 5 and the roller sliding groove 72, the displacement of the contacts becomes the largest.

Due to the rotating action of the roller 4 as described above,
The worn parts of the roller 5 are made uniform, and stable damping characteristics can be obtained over a long period of time.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The difference from the first embodiment is the configuration of the gap adjusting mechanism. In the description of each embodiment, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described, and the same components will be described. Are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the preload adjusting mechanism 1 is used.
The cylinder 14 is composed only of the cylinder body 18 without providing the cover of the cylinder 14 of No. 3, and the upper end opening of the cylinder 14 is sealed by the moving table 12 itself. Therefore, the first oil passage 21 communicating with the cylinder upper chamber 20 is provided in the moving table 12.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment.

In the third embodiment, only the pressing is performed, the second oil passage 23 communicating with the cylinder lower chamber 22 of the first embodiment is omitted, and the cylinder upper chamber 20 is provided in the lid body 19.
Is provided with only the first oil passage 21 communicating with.

FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment.

The fourth embodiment is also configured to perform only pressing, and the second oil passage 23 leading to the cylinder lower chamber 22 of the fourth embodiment is omitted, and the cylinder upper chamber 20 is attached to the moving base 12.
It is an example in which only the first oil passage 21 communicating with is provided.

FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment.

In the fifth embodiment, only the pulling is performed, and the first oil passage 21 communicating with the cylinder upper chamber 20 of the third embodiment is omitted and the second oil communicating with the cylinder lower chamber 22 is omitted. This is an example in which only the path 23 is provided.

FIG. 7 shows a sixth embodiment.

The sixth embodiment is configured so that only the pressing is performed, and unlike the above-described embodiments, the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 is pressed without using a piston or a cylinder. That is, the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3
On the upper surface, in the center between the left and right fixing bolts 11, there is formed a sealed gap 40 between the lower surface of the movable table 12 and the hydraulic pressure, and an oil passage 41 for introducing hydraulic pressure is moved into the sealed gap 40. It is provided in the block 3.

The sealing gap 40 is formed by providing a recess in at least one of the upper surface of the moving block 3 and the lower surface of the moving table 12, and the joint surface of the moving block 3 and the moving table 12 at the periphery of the sealing gap 40. Is the seal member 4
Sealed by 2.

FIG. 8 shows a seventh embodiment.

Like the sixth embodiment, the seventh embodiment is also configured to press the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 without using the piston 15 or the cylinder, which is different from the sixth embodiment. The point is that the moving base 12 is provided with an oil passage 43 for introducing hydraulic pressure into the closed gap 40.

FIG. 9 shows an eighth embodiment.

The eighth embodiment also has a structure in which only the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 is pressed, and the gap adjusting mechanism 13 is used.
As in the above-described respective embodiments, the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 is attached to the gap adjusting bolt 44 without using the hydraulic mechanism.
It is configured to be pressed by.

That is, the moving table 12 is provided with a screw hole 45, and the clearance adjusting bolt 44 is screwed into the screw hole 45 so that the tip of the clearance adjusting bolt 44 presses the upper surface of the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3. is there. A detent nut 46 is screwed into the gap adjusting bolt 44 in the middle thereof, and the detent nut 46 is tightened and fixed to the seat surface of the movable table 12 at the adjustment position. A gap 47 is provided between the lower surface of the moving table 12 and the upper surface of the moving block 3. The gap 47 is formed by providing a recess in at least one of the moving table 12 and the moving block 3.

FIG. 10 shows a ninth embodiment.

The ninth embodiment has a construction in which only the horizontal portion 31 of the moving block 3 is pulled, and the gap adjusting mechanism 13 does not use the hydraulic mechanism as in the above-described embodiments, but the moving block 3 does not. The horizontal portion 31 is pulled by the gap adjusting bolt 48.

That is, the bolt insertion hole 49 is formed in the movable table 12.
And the screw hole 50 is provided in the moving block 3, and the gap adjusting bolt 48 is inserted from the bolt insertion hole 49 and screwed into the screw hole 50. Mobile stand 12
It is designed to be pulled up in the direction of. A gap 51 is formed between the movable block 3 and the movable base 12 to allow vertical bending deformation of the center of the horizontal portion 31 of the movable block 3. The gap 51 is also formed by providing a recess in at least one of the moving table 12 and the moving block 3.

FIG. 11 shows a tenth embodiment.

In the tenth embodiment, the moving block 3 is used.
With a configuration that both presses and pulls the horizontal portion 31 of
As the gap adjusting mechanism 13, a piezoelectric element 52 and a bolt 53 are provided.

That is, as in the ninth embodiment, the moving base 12 is provided with the bolt insertion holes 49, the moving block 3 is provided with the screw holes 50, and the bolts 53 are inserted from the bolt insertion holes 49 to insert the screw holes 50. The piezoelectric element 52 is interposed between the bolt head 53 of the bolt 53 and the bolt seat surface 55 of the movable table 12, and the piezoelectric element 52 is
The horizontal portion 31 can be pressed and pulled by extending and contracting.

FIG. 12 shows the eleventh embodiment.

The eleventh embodiment is the track rail 2
Is provided on the left and right sides of the jetty 60, 60, two rows of balls 4, 4 are provided on the upper side surface of the jetty 60, 60, and the rollers 5, 5 extending in the axial direction are provided on the lower side surface of the jetty 60, 60. 5 and the jetty 60, 60 from above and below the ball 4,
It is configured to be sandwiched by 4 and rollers 5, 5.

In this embodiment, the ball rolling groove 6
1, 62, the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 are not a deep groove but a relatively shallow groove, and in order to prevent the balls 4 and the rollers 5 from coming off when the moving block 3 is removed from the track rail 2, The moving block 3 has a ball rolling groove 6
Retainers 63 and 73 are provided along the groove 2 and the roller holding groove 71.

Other configurations and operations are exactly the same as those of the first embodiment, and the gap adjusting mechanism 13 can be applied with all the configurations of the above second to tenth embodiments. .

FIG. 13 shows a twelfth embodiment.

This twelfth embodiment is a track rail 2
The jetty walls 64, 64 projecting horizontally are provided on the left and right sides of the jetty, two rows of balls 4, 4 are provided on the upper side surface of the jetty walls 64, 64, and the rollers 5, 5 are provided on the lower side of the jetty walls 64, 64.
5, the jetty 64 is sandwiched between the balls 4 and 4 and the rollers 5 and 5 from above and below.

Also in this embodiment, like the eleventh embodiment, the ball rolling grooves 61, 62 and the roller holding groove 71 are provided.
The roller sliding groove 72 is not a deep groove but a relatively shallow groove, and in order to prevent the ball 4 and the roller 5 from falling off when the moving block 3 is disengaged from the track rail 2, the moving block 3 is provided with a ball rolling groove. Retainers 63 and 73 are provided along the moving groove 62 and the roller holding groove 71.

The contact angle of the ball 4 interposed between the ball rolling grooves 61 and 62 and the contact direction of the roller 5 interposed between the roller holding groove 71 and the roller sliding groove 72 are the contact points. The square lines L1 and L2 have an inward opening contact structure that opens toward the center of the track rail 2, and the contact angle is approximately 45 °.
Is set to

Other configurations and operations are exactly the same as those of the first embodiment, and the gap adjusting mechanism 13 can be applied with all the configurations of the above second to tenth embodiments. .

[0101]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The radial load that pushes the moving block toward the track rail side is supported by the two rows of balls, and the reverse radial load that separates the moving block from the track rail is supported by the two rows of rollers, so that the moving block can be supported without rattling.

In particular, with respect to a radial load, since it is supported by two rows of balls on the upper surface side of the track rail, it has a high load bearing capacity and rolling resistance, so that it moves lightly even when a large load is applied.

On the other hand, the running resistance of the moving block is the sum of the rolling resistance of the balls in the two rows and the sliding resistance of the rollers in the two rows, but the sliding resistance of the rollers guides the linear motion of conventional balls only. Damping characteristics that cannot be obtained with the device can be obtained.

Further, it is possible to obtain a proper damping characteristic by changing the preload of the roller by the gap adjusting means.

Since the roller is brought into contact with the roller sliding groove having an arcuate cross section, the contact area is large. Therefore, the contact pressure per unit area is small, the wear of the contact surface is less than that of the conventional friction contact portion, the damping characteristic is not deteriorated early, and the damping characteristic can be maintained for a long time.

Further, since the roller is in axial contact with the roller sliding groove, even if there is a processing error in the lengthwise direction of the roller sliding groove and there is a portion that locally hits the roller sliding groove. Since the contact length of the roller is long, the contact is made uniform as a whole, stable damping characteristics are provided, and accurate linear guide is possible.

Further, since the horizontal portion is bent and deformed by the gap adjusting means to open and close the left and right leg portions of the moving block, the left and right leg portions can be entirely deformed as compared with the case where the left and right leg portions are directly pressed. You can That is, when the left and right legs are laterally pressed with bolts or the like, the pressing portions are locally deformed, and the contact of the rollers becomes uneven. On the other hand, since the left and right legs are opened and closed through the bending deformation of the horizontal part, even if the horizontal part is unevenly pressed or pulled, the force is dispersed inside the moving block and the left and right legs are almost even. And the roller holding grooves provided on the left and right legs are displaced parallel to the roller sliding groove while maintaining a substantially linear state, and the gap therebetween can be adjusted substantially uniformly. Further, even if there is a portion where the linearity of the roller holding groove is not uniform, the roller holding groove does not directly contact the roller sliding groove but comes into contact with the roller sliding groove through the roller. The smaller the roller contact with the roller sliding groove, the more uniform the contact in the axial and circumferential directions. As a result, the roller sliding groove and the roller are evenly worn, and the damping characteristic can be maintained for a long period of time while maintaining stable linear running accuracy.

Further, since the roller is in axial contact with the roller sliding groove, even if there is a partial processing error in the lengthwise direction of the roller sliding groove and there is a local contact portion, Since the contact length of the roller is long, the contact is made uniform as a whole, stable damping characteristics are provided, and accurate linear guide is possible.

Further, when the left and right leg portions of the moving block are opened and closed by the gap adjusting means, the circular roller slightly rotates along the inner peripheral surface of the roller sliding surface having an arcuate cross section.
As a result, the wear points of the rollers are made uniform, and stable damping characteristics can be obtained over a long period of time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a linear motion guide device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 also shows a rolling guide device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic perspective view and FIG.
(b) is a partially broken side view, and (c) to (f) are explanatory views of the gap adjustment of the roller.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a rolling guide device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a conventional example.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another conventional example.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing still another conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Linear motion guide device 2 Track rail 3 Moving block 31 Horizontal part 32 Leg part 4 Ball 5 Roller 61, 62 Ball rolling groove 71 Roller holding groove 72 Roller sliding groove 8 Ball return passage 9 Direction change passage 10 Side lid 11 Fixed Bolt 12 Moving base 13 Gap adjusting mechanism (gap adjusting means)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A track rail, and a movably provided along the longitudinal direction of the track rail,
A moving block including a horizontal portion facing the upper surface of the track rail, and a pair of leg portions extending downward from both left and right ends of the horizontal portion and facing both left and right side surfaces of the track rail; A large number of left and right rows of balls rotatably interposed between the facing surfaces of the horizontal portion of the block, and slidably interposed between the left and right side surfaces of the track rail and the facing surfaces of the left and right leg portions of the moving block. A pair of left and right rollers extending in the axial direction of the track rail to be mounted; a ball rolling groove formed on the upper surface of the track rail and on a surface facing the horizontal portion of the moving block to roll and guide the two rows of balls; In order to hold the pair of left and right rollers, a roller holding groove formed on a surface of the left and right legs of the moving block facing the right and left side surfaces of the track rail, and a roller held in the roller holding groove are slid in the axial direction. Be informed Roller sliding grooves formed on both left and right side surfaces of the track rail, left and right fixing means for fixing the horizontal portion of the moving block to a moving base, and a portion between the left and right fixing means of the horizontal portion of the moving block By bending and deforming the vertical direction, the left and right legs of the moving block are displaced toward and away from the left and right side surfaces of the track rail to adjust the clearance between the roller holding groove and the roller sliding groove. A linear motion guide device comprising: an adjusting unit. 2. A track rail, movably provided along the longitudinal direction of the track rail,
A moving block including a horizontal portion facing the upper surface of the track rail, and a pair of legs extending downward from both left and right ends of the horizontal portion and facing both left and right side surfaces of the track rail, and both left and right sides of the track rail. Surface and the left and right legs of the moving block, and a large number of left and right rows of balls interposing between the left and right legs of the moving block, and a ball which is located below the left and right rows of balls and moves with the left and right side surfaces of the track rail. A pair of left and right rollers extending in the longitudinal direction of the track rail slidably interposed between the opposing surfaces of the left and right legs of the block, and moving with the left and right side surfaces of the track rail to guide rolling of the two rows of balls. A ball rolling groove formed on the facing surface of the left and right legs of the block, and a roller formed on the facing surface of the left and right side surfaces of the track rail of the left and right legs of the moving block so as to hold the pair of left and right rollers. Holding groove and the roller Roller slide grooves formed on the left and right side surfaces of the track rail for axially slidingly guiding the roller held in the holding groove, and a pair of left and right fixings for fixing the horizontal portion of the moving block to the moving base. By vertically bending and deforming the portion between the means and the left and right fixing means of the horizontal portion of the moving block, the left and right leg portions of the moving block are displaced in the direction in which they contact and separate from the left and right side surfaces of the track rail. A linear movement guide device comprising: a gap adjusting means for adjusting a gap between the roller holding groove and the roller sliding groove. 3. The linear motion guide device according to claim 1, wherein the ball rolling groove has an arcuate cross section, and the depth thereof is an arcuate cross section having a depth of about ½ of the ball diameter. 4. The linear motion guide apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the roller sliding groove is a deep groove having an arcuate cross section and a depth of about 1/2 of the roller diameter.