JPH11134512A - Drawing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drawing method that can simply draw a road width graphic, a side wall graphic or the like even for a route picture of a road including a curve part and the like under condition for improving visibility and power of expression. SOLUTION: A line is specified which passes positions of reference points a1 and a2 on a reference route and is vertical to a contact line of the reference route at the positions of the reference points a1 and a2. Then, points b1 and b2 on each straight line, which are distance from the reference points a1 and a2 just for the distance that contracts road width distance from the reference points a1 and a2 to a side edge of the road by an instructed ratio of contraction, are made drawing points and a road width graphic is drawn on these drawing points b1 and b2. Also, the points b1 and b2 on each straight line, which are distant from the reference points a1 and a2 just for a instructed reference distance h, and points d1 and d2, which are distant from the points b1 and b2 just for a distance contracting slop heights c1 and c2 on a side wall by an instructed ratio of contraction, are made drawing points and a side wall graphic is drawn on these drawing points b1, b2, d1 and d2. It is possible to make a drawing position of the side wall graphic move by instructing each reference point a central moving distance for moving the points b1 and b2 which are distant from each reference point just for the reference distance h.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drawing method using CAD or the like, and more particularly to a drawing method for drawing a width figure, a side wall figure, and the like on a road map of a road.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When drawing width figures, side wall figures, and the like on a road map of a road, piles are set on a reference line of the road, position data of the piles, and the position of the road is determined from the piles at the positions of the piles. The width distance data to the side edges, the normal height (height) data of the side wall at the position of each pile, and the like are measured, and plotting is performed based on the survey data. FIG. 6 shows a method of drawing a width figure on a route map based on the survey data to create a pavement development map. First, a route map as shown in FIG. 6A is created based on the position data of the stakes and a predetermined characteristic line corresponding to the shape of the road. Next, based on the width distance data from the stake at the position of each stake to the side edge of the road and a predetermined characteristic line corresponding to the shape of the road, a width figure is added to the route map as shown in FIG. Draw. In this case, since the difference between the road distance and the width distance is large, if the X-axis direction (horizontal direction in the figure) and the Y-axis direction (vertical direction in the figure) are scaled at the same scale ratio,
The width of the width graphic almost disappears, making it difficult to visually recognize the width graphic on the route map. To solve this problem, a method of drawing a width figure by changing the scale ratio in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction has been considered. However, since this method does not support roads other than horizontal or vertical roads, the scale ratio in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction must be the same in a road map including a curved portion or the like. However, in this case, the visibility of the width figure decreases. Such a problem also occurs when a side wall graphic is drawn on a route map.

Therefore, for a road map including a curved portion or the like, a method of expressing a reference route as a straight line figure, drawing a width figure or a side wall figure, and creating a pavement development map or a side wall development map. It is considered. This method is shown in FIG. First,
Based on the position data of the piles and the predetermined characteristic line corresponding to the road shape of the road, a route map as shown in FIG. 7a should be created as shown in FIG. 7b. They are arranged along the X-axis or the Y-axis, in the figure, the X-axis, and the reference route is represented by a linear figure. As a method of arranging the piles along the X axis, for example, a method of arranging the piles along the X axis based on the X axis coordinates of the piles, and a method of arranging the piles along the X axis direction based on the distance between the piles is used. Etc. When a side wall figure is to be drawn, a cursor or the like is moved to indicate a drawing reference point, so that the drawing direction is perpendicular to the reference line.
A reference distance in the axial direction is indicated, and a point separated from the position of each pile by the reference distance in the Y-axis direction is separated from the point by a distance reduced in scale in the Y-axis direction by the indicated scale ratio in the Y-axis direction. The points are used as drawing points, and side wall figures are drawn at these drawing points. The side wall figure is drawn with a straight line figure. In this case, in order to express that the road is a curved part or the like, the center movement distance is specified for each of the piles located at the curved part or the like. When the center movement distance is specified, a point separated from the position of each stake by the reference distance in the Y axis direction is moved by the center movement distance in the Y axis direction, and the point after the movement and the point after the movement are moved. A method is used in which points which are separated by a distance reduced by the scale of the specified side wall height in the Y-axis direction from the drawing points are set as drawing points, and a side wall graphic is drawn at these drawing points. The width figure is represented by a straight line figure as in the case of the reference route. However, in this method, since a road including a curved portion or the like is represented by a straight line figure, an actual road and a road representation on a route map are different, and the expressiveness is reduced. On the other hand, a method of manually drawing a width figure or a side wall figure on a route map of a road including a curved portion or the like by hand is also conceivable, but it is very complicated, and it is easy to obtain the width and the area of the side wall. There is a problem that can not be.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is intended for use in a road map or the like including a curved portion or the like, such as a width graphic or a side wall graphic. It is an object of the present invention to provide a drawing method capable of easily drawing a figure with improved visibility and expressive power.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a straight line perpendicular to a reference line is calculated for each reference point on the reference line, and a predetermined distance and a designated distance are specified. A drawing point on the straight line is determined for each reference point based on the scale ratio, and a predetermined figure is drawn at the drawing point. Further, the invention according to claim 2 calculates a straight line perpendicular to the reference route according to the shape of the road for each reference point on the reference route, and calculates a width distance from the reference point to a side end of the road. Is a point on the straight line separated from the position of the reference point by a distance reduced by the designated scale ratio as a drawing point, and a width figure is drawn at the drawing point. In addition, the invention according to claim 3 calculates a straight line perpendicular to the reference route according to the shape of the road for each reference point on the reference route, and calculates a straight line on the straight line separated by a reference distance from the reference point. A point on the straight line separated by a distance reduced by the point and the height of the side wall from the point at the designated scale ratio as a drawing point, and drawing a side wall graphic at the drawing point. is there. By using the drawing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, even when the reference line includes a curved portion or the like, a predetermined figure such as a width figure or a side wall figure is easily drawn in a state in which visibility and expressiveness are enhanced. can do. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the drawing method according to any one of the first to third aspects, the area of the drawn figure is calculated. By using the drawing method according to the fourth aspect, it is possible to easily obtain the width of the road including the curved portion and the area of the side wall.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a drawing apparatus for carrying out a drawing method according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 indicates a mouse, a digitizer, and a keyboard.
Input means such as a password. Reference numeral 2 denotes a control means for generating drawing data, calculating the area of the drawn figure, and the like based on an input signal from the input means 1, information stored in the storage means 3, and the like. Reference numeral 3 denotes position data of a reference point on a reference line, data for drawing a predetermined figure on the reference line, for example, position data of a reference point such as a stake on a reference line of a road, and each reference point. Width distance data from the reference point at the position
And storage means for storing route map information such as normal height (height) data of the side wall at the position of each reference point, a drawing processing program, and the like, and is formed by a ROM, a RAM, a floppy disk or the like. Reference numeral 4 denotes display means for displaying a reference route figure, a pile, a width figure, a side wall figure, and the like based on the drawing data created by the control means 2.

Next, an embodiment of a drawing process for drawing a width figure or a side wall figure on a route map using the drawing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. I do. First, based on the position data of the stake on the reference route of the road and the predetermined characteristic line corresponding to the shape of the road, a stake and a reference route figure are drawn as shown in FIG. Display the figure. At this time, a plurality of reference route figures may be drawn on the route map. In addition, the position of the reference line, the position of the pile on the reference line, and the like can be appropriately selected. In this state, a desired reference line for drawing a width figure or a side wall figure is selected, for example, a click operation is performed in a state where the desired reference line is designated by a cursor (step S1). next,
Enter the scale ratio of the width figure or the side wall figure (step S
2). As the scale ratio, the ratio of the width distance or the height to the actual distance may be directly input, or the ratio of the reference route to the scale ratio may be input to calculate the ratio to the actual distance.

Next, a drawing reference point (drawing reference position) is designated (step S3). The drawing reference point is for designating a drawing point such as an upper end or a lower end of a side wall graphic component perpendicular to the reference line at the position of each reference point on the reference line by a reference distance from the reference point. This is not necessary if no plotting is performed. An example of a method of designating a drawing reference point on a route map on which a width figure is not drawn will be described with reference to FIG. First, when a reference route is selected with a cursor or the like, the control means extracts an arbitrary stake on the selected reference route, for example, a leading stake a1, and places a straight line perpendicular to the reference route at the position of the stake a1. That is, an imaginary perpendicular e that passes through the position of the pile a1 and is perpendicular to the tangent to the reference line at the position of the pile a1 is calculated. This virtual perpendicular line e may be displayed on the route map. When the cursor moves in this state, an intersection b1 between a straight line passing through the cursor position and perpendicularly intersecting the virtual perpendicular e and the virtual perpendicular e is calculated, and the intersection b1 is temporarily displayed on the route map. It is preferable that the temporary display of the intersection point b1 is displayed with a different line, color, and the like from the cursor and the like. Then, in a state where the intersection point b1 is located at an arbitrary position on the virtual perpendicular line e, when the drawing reference point is determined, for example, when the cursor is clicked, the intersection point b1 at that time is selected as the drawing reference point b1. The distance h between the reference point b1 and the stake a1 is selected as the reference distance. An example of a method of designating a drawing reference point on a route map on which a width graphic is drawn will be described with reference to FIG. When an intersection obtaining operation, for example, a click on the stake a1 on the reference route and the width figure above the figure with a cursor or the like is performed, the intersection passes the position of the stake a1, and the reference line at the position of the stake a1 is moved. An intersection b1 between the virtual perpendicular e perpendicular to the tangent and the indicated width figure is selected as the drawing reference point b1, and the distance h between the drawing reference point b1 and the pile a1 is selected as the reference distance. Various methods other than the above-mentioned methods can be used to indicate the drawing reference point, and the reference distance may be directly input.

Next, when a reference route is selected with a cursor or the like, a width setting screen or a height setting screen is displayed, and data such as a width distance or a height distance is input on these setting screens. (Step S4) Data such as the center moving distance is input (Step S5). The center movement distance is used to move a drawing point such as an upper end or a lower end of a side wall graphic component perpendicular to a reference route separated by a reference distance from each reference point, and is unnecessary when a side wall graphic is not drawn. It is. The process of moving the drawing point by the center moving distance is suitable when the reference route is represented by a straight line figure. If the center travel distance is not entered,
A point separated by a reference distance from the reference point is determined as a drawing point such as the upper end or the lower end of the side wall graphic component perpendicular to the reference line. On the width setting screen, data such as the number and name of each stake as a reference point, the presence / absence of a width figure at the position of each stake, the width distance from each stake, the presence / absence of width dimension display, and the like are input. Here, an arbitrary number of width figures can be drawn on both sides of the reference line in order to display a U-shaped groove, a side groove, or the like. When drawing a plurality of width figures, data is required for each width figure. input. On the law height setting screen, the number and name of each pile as a reference point, the law height at each pile position, the presence or absence of center movement, the center movement distance at each pile position, the presence or absence of law height dimension display, the Data such as an upper distance between upper points and a lower distance between lower points of the corresponding side wall is input. Here, when the side wall figure is drawn on both sides of the position of the pile, the law heights of the side walls on both sides at the position of the pile, for example, the law heights c2 and c3 at the position of the pile a2 and the law at the position of the pile a5 in FIG. High c8 and c9
And so on. For the upper distance and the lower distance, the distance between the piles may be input, or actual survey data may be input. The normal height data, the upper distance data or the lower distance data are used in the calculation of the side wall area described later. The height of the side wall may be measured not only at the position of the pile on the reference line but also at any position,
In this case, the side wall graphic is drawn at an arbitrary position on the reference route within the range where the side wall graphic is drawn. Therefore, the reference point of the side wall figure can be set to the position of each stake or an arbitrary position on the reference line in the range where the side wall figure is drawn, but hereinafter, the position of the stake on the reference line is set as the reference point of the side wall figure. The case where the setting is performed will be described. To draw the side wall figure at an arbitrary position on the reference route, set the reference point by inputting the interval data from the top stake of the range where the side wall figure is drawn on the law height setting screen, etc. Data is input for each reference point.

The intersection point between the straight line perpendicular to the reference line and the width figure at the position of the reference point is designated by the above-mentioned intersection point acquisition operation, and this intersection point indicates the upper end or the lower end of the side wall graphic component perpendicular to the reference line. It may be instructed as a drawing point. In addition, it is instructed that the intersection of the straight line perpendicular to the reference line at the position of each reference point and the width figure is a drawing point indicating the upper end or the lower end of the side wall graphic component perpendicular to the reference line at the position of each reference point. You can also.
In this case, it is not necessary to specify the drawing reference point or input the center moving distance.

Next, it is determined whether or not data such as the width or height of the stake, the center movement distance, etc. has been input for all the piles (step S6). If all stakes have not been input, the flow returns to step S4 to input data for each of the uninput stakes. If the input has been made for all the piles, a drawing command or the like is input.

When a figure drawing command or the like is input, the control means 2 starts drawing a width figure or a side wall figure on a route map. First, two adjacent piles, for example, the piles a1 and a2, are selected from the piles in which the width distance or the height is input,
The vertical vector of each of the piles a1 and a2, ie, the pile a
A straight line passing through the positions of the stakes a and a2 and perpendicular to the tangent to the reference route at the positions of the stakes a1 and a2 is specified (step S7).

Next, a width figure or a side wall figure is drawn at the positions of the selected two piles a1 and a2. Here, when the width distance data is input, a point on the vertical vector of the pile a1 which is separated from the position of the pile a1 by the distance reduced by the designated scale ratio from the position of the pile a1, A point on the vertical vector of a2 that is separated from the position of the pile a2 by the distance reduced by the indicated scale ratio from the position of the pile a2 as the drawing scale ratio is determined as a drawing point, and a predetermined distance between these drawing points according to the road shape is determined. A width figure is drawn by drawing a characteristic line. In addition, when law height data is input, for example, FIG.
A side wall figure is drawn as shown in FIG. That is, the pile a1
A point b1 separated from the position of the pile a1 by the reference distance h on the vertical vector is a drawing point indicating the upper end or lower end of the side wall graphic component perpendicular to the reference route, in the figure, the lower end.
A point d1 on the vertical vector, which is separated from the stake a1 by a distance reduced by the designated scale ratio from the normal height c1 of the pile a1, is set as a drawing point indicating the upper end of the side wall graphic component perpendicular to the reference route. Similarly, on the vertical vector of the pile a2, a point b2 separated from the position of the pile a2 by the reference distance h, and a height c2 of the pile a2 from the point b2.
A point d2 separated by a distance reduced by the designated scale ratio is set as a drawing point. And the plotting points b1, b2, d1, d2
Draw the side wall figure k1 as a straight line figure.

In FIG. 5, the drawing points b1 and b2 are set so as not to draw the side wall graphic component on the road side.
Only the width figure is drawn in between, but if it is set to draw the side wall figure component on the road side, b
A linear figure is also drawn between 1 and b2. When the center movement distance data is input to the pile a1, first, the pile a
1. A point b1 that is separated from the position of the pile a1 by the reference distance on the vertical vector 1 is determined, and a point on the vertical vector that is separated from the point b1 by the center movement distance is defined as the upper or lower end of the side wall graphic component perpendicular to the reference line. , For example, is determined as a drawing point indicating the lower end. A point on the vertical vector separated from this point by a distance reduced by the specified scale ratio to the side wall height c1 is set as a drawing point indicating the upper end of the side wall graphic component perpendicular to the reference route. When the center movement distance is also input to the stake a2, the drawing point is determined in the same manner.

Next, it is determined whether a width figure or a side wall figure has been drawn for all the piles (step S9).
If plotting has not been performed for all piles, step S
7, the same processing is repeated. By performing the processing as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a developed view in which the width figure and the side wall figure are drawn on the route map is created. Then, when plotting is performed for all the piles, it is determined whether or not a command for calculating the width area or the side wall area, for example, the piles at both ends of the range for calculating the width area or the side wall area is selected. When the calculation command of the width area or the side wall area is input, the piles a1 and a2 and the drawing points b1 and b2
Of the area of a quadrangle with four points or plotting points b1 and b
The calculation of the area of the quadrilateral having two points d2 and d1 and d2 is sequentially performed to create a width area table or a side wall area table within the designated range. Here, the width area is the width distance data of adjacent piles input on the width setting screen, and the distance data between piles obtained from the position data of each pile (input on the height setting screen). (The lower distance data may be used). Further, the side wall area is obtained by a trapezoidal area calculation using the normal height data and the lower distance data of the adjacent piles input on the normal height setting screen.

In the above embodiment, the stake on the reference line of the road is selected as the reference point, but any reference point on the reference line can be selected as the reference point. Also, the case where the width figure or the side wall figure is drawn on the reference line of the road has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied when drawing various predetermined figures on the reference line including a curved portion or the like. it can.

The present invention is not limited to the drawing method,
It may be configured as a storage medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute the above-described drawing processing, or as a drawing apparatus for executing the above-described drawing method.

[0018]

As described above, by using the drawing method according to any one of the first to third aspects, it is possible to easily draw a predetermined figure with improved visibility and expressiveness. Also,
By using the drawing method according to the fourth aspect, it is possible to easily obtain the width of the road including the curved portion and the area of the side wall.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a drawing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a drawing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a drawing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a process of designating a drawing reference point.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a drawing process of a width figure or a side wall figure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a conventional drawing method.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a conventional drawing method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input means 2 Control means 3 Storage means 4 Display means

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A straight line perpendicular to the reference line is calculated for each reference point on the reference line, and drawing points on the straight line are determined for each reference point based on a predetermined distance and a designated scale ratio, A drawing method, wherein a predetermined figure is drawn at the drawing point. 2. A scale ratio in which a straight line perpendicular to a reference route corresponding to the shape of the road is calculated for each reference point on the reference route, and a width distance from the reference point to a side end of the road is indicated. A point on the straight line that is separated from the position of the reference point by a distance reduced in step (1) as a drawing point, and draws a width figure at the drawing point. 3. A straight line perpendicular to the reference route corresponding to the shape of the road is calculated for each reference point on the reference route, and a point on the straight line separated by a reference distance from the reference point and the point on the straight line are calculated. A drawing method, characterized in that points on the straight line which are separated by a distance reduced by the scale of the designated side wall height at a designated scale ratio are used as drawing points, and a side wall graphic is drawn at the drawing points. 4. The drawing method according to claim 1, wherein an area of the drawn figure is calculated.