JPH1112845A - Direct spin drawing of polyester fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out direct spinning and drawing of a polyester fiber and obtain the fiber excellent in quality without causing dyeing speck at a low cost by treating plural polyester fiber yarns, discharged from a spinneret, cooled and solidified under specific conditions. SOLUTION: The temperature in a yarn heating region and the passage time of yarns through a dry heat-treating device 6 are respectively regulated within the ranges of 300-1,000 deg.C and 0.01-0.035 sec to carry out the direct spinning and drawing of polyester fibers when introducing the plural polyester fiber yarns, discharged from a spinneret 1, cooled and solidified into the dry heat-treating device 6 installed between an unheated first roller 5 and an unheated roller 7, drawing the resultant yarns and then winding the yarns at >=4,000 m/min speed. The dry heat-treating device 6 preferably has plural heating regions for individually running the plural yarns and a part or all of the wall surfaces of the regions are preferably heated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a direct spinning and drawing method for synthetic fibers, and more particularly to a direct spinning and drawing method for producing a polyester fiber having good properties which can be put to practical use at a low cost. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the winding speed on a winder has been increased to 4000 in an industrial production method of polyester or polyamide.
A high-speed spinning method at m / min or more has been adopted.

[0003] Among the high-speed spinning methods, the direct spinning and drawing method in which the conventional spinning step and the drawing step are continuously performed can control the draw ratio. It is a useful manufacturing method that can be reproduced. However, in the method of using a plurality of heating rollers and winding the yarn on the rollers a plurality of times according to the required heat treatment time, a long roller is required, and in terms of equipment cost and energy consumption, the manufacturing cost is high. In addition, the workability is poor, and at the same time, the production method has many drawbacks such as not being able to cope with the production of multiple yarns.

[0004] In order to solve these drawbacks, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-141118 proposes a low-cost manufacturing method in which the draw ratio can be controlled using steam instead of a heating roller. In this publication, the melt spun yarn is 40
A method has been proposed in which the film is taken up by a non-heated roller at a speed of at least 00 m / min, and then heated while being heated to a temperature higher than the glass transition point by injecting superheated steam. However, in this publication, steam is injected so as to concentrate on one point of the fiber traveling in the heat treatment chamber, so that the fiber is rapidly heated, and the contact time with the steam is early or late, and the heating rate is increased between the individual fibers. There is a problem that a difference is caused, and as a result, the drawing is not uniform, the undrawn portion remains in the obtained fiber, and the dyed fabric has a deep dyeing defect.

[0005]

In high-speed yarn production, it is necessary to heat the yarn to a temperature at which the yarn can be drawn in a short time, and when the heating roller is not used, it is necessary to heat the yarn in a non-contact manner. . Steam is the most preferable from the viewpoint of heat transfer, but since the yarn is rapidly heated due to its high heat transfer coefficient,
As described above, unevenness in temperature occurs, and stretching becomes uneven.

[0006] As a heating medium other than steam when heating the fiber yarn in a non-contact manner, a hot tube spinning method in which the cooled and solidified yarn after discharge is subjected to a drawing heat treatment in a heating zone such as a hot tube and then wound up. There is dry hot air used.
Since dry heat air has a smaller heat transfer coefficient than steam, it is more important to perform heat treatment efficiently than to steam. For this purpose, it is common practice to open the yarn in the heating zone.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-69816 defines the inner diameter of the inlet and outlet of the hot tube, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-268721 has an arrangement state and a heating zone of the yarn introduced into the heating zone. By specifying the shape of the heat treatment device, attempts have been made to heat the yarn efficiently and more uniformly.

However, these are all applied to the yarn in the opened single fiber state until the yarn discharged from the die is taken up by the first roller. It cannot be applied to tightly bundled yarns. In addition, the entrance of the heating device is largely open in a plane, and there is an inflow of accompanying airflow, so that it cannot be said that an efficient heating process is performed.

[0009] The dry hot air heating treatment of the bundled yarn is performed by drawing false twisting of the once wound yarn.
As is suggested in the '69 publication, this is often done. In this publication, a non-contact dry heat high temperature heater is used as the first heater at the time of false twisting, and the heater temperature and the heat treatment time are specified, thereby obtaining a yarn with less uneven dyeing.

[0010] Such processing is possible in the draw false twisting process because the final winding speed of the process is at most about 900 m / min, and the speed of the yarn entering the heater is as low as about 600 m / min. This is because the yarn is targeted, and the time that can be provided for the heat treatment can be long.

In the direct spinning and drawing method of winding at a speed of 4000 m / min or more, which is an object of the present invention, the speed of the yarn entering the heater becomes 1000 m / min or more, and even if the heat treatment conditions described in the publication are applied, the bunching is performed. The entire yarn cannot be heated uniformly to a temperature at which the yarn can be drawn, resulting in uneven drawing.

[0012] Therefore, as a result of studying the practical application of high-temperature, short-time dry heat treatment of high-speed running yarn, as a result, in addition to the heat treatment temperature and time, the yarn heating area in the heat treatment apparatus is specified. It has been found that the above-mentioned processing can be practically used, and the present invention has been achieved.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method in which non-uniform dyeing does not occur in non-contact heating and drawing of a bundled high-speed running yarn. More specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide a non-contact dry heat high-temperature short-time heating method at the time of stretching of a bundled high-speed running yarn between rollers.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a dry heat treatment apparatus in which a plurality of polyester fiber yarns discharged from a spinneret and cooled and solidified are provided between a first roller and a second roller which are not heated. In the direct spinning and drawing method of winding at a speed of 4000 m / min or more after drawing and drawing, the temperature Te of the yarn heating region in the dry heat treatment apparatus and the passage time Ti of the yarn are within the following ranges. It is achieved by adopting a characteristic spinning and drawing method of polyester fiber.

Heat treatment temperature 300 ≦ Te (° C.) ≦ 1000 Transit time 0.01 ≦ Ti (sec) ≦ 0.035

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

In the polyester of the present invention, the main dicarboxylic acid component constituting the polyester is preferably a terephthalic acid component, but other dicarboxylic acid components may be used without departing from the object of the present invention. The main diol component constituting the polyester of the present invention is preferably ethylene glycol, but other diol components may be used without departing from the object of the present invention. Also,
In the polyester of the present invention, various additives, for example,
Matting agents, flame retardants, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, nucleating agents, optical brighteners and the like may be copolymerized or mixed as necessary.

In the present invention, a direct spinning and drawing process is applied. In this case, winding at a speed of 4000 m / min or more can take advantage of cost advantages such as labor cost, equipment cost, and waste reduction by one process. Furthermore, since a fiber without physical property change with time immediately after spinning can be drawn, it is advantageous for uniform drawing. In view of the disadvantage of deteriorating the spinnability due to the breakage of the spun yarn and the advantage of improving the productivity, the take-up speed is preferably 7000 m / min or less.

In the continuous spinning and drawing method of the present invention, a plurality of polyester fibers are combined into one first godet roller,
Stretch using god roller and dry hot air atmosphere.

In the present invention, the first roller and the second roller use non-heated rollers. The use of a non-heating roller has a cost advantage over the conventional method using a heating roller. Further, it is preferable that the first roller and the second roller do not wind the yarn, that is, are so-called single hooks.
Improving work efficiency and simultaneous
The simultaneous multi-filament spinning of yarns or more becomes possible.

After the yarn discharged from the die is cooled and solidified,
It is converged between the first rollers. Bundling is a process in which a group of single yarns is combined into a single thread. A thread guide is usually used for bundling, but a tangled nozzle or a guide for lubrication may be used. May go.

In the present invention, a plurality of yarns are simultaneously spun from the viewpoint of cost. The term “plurality” refers to two or more yarns, which makes it possible to reduce manufacturing costs.

The yarn picked up by the first roller is introduced into a dry heat treatment apparatus installed between the first roller and the second roller.
The yarns are introduced into individual regions one by one and drawn. Therefore, the dry heat treatment apparatus has a plurality of heating regions in which a plurality of yarns individually travel and are heated and drawn.

From the viewpoint of heating efficiency and cost, it is preferable to have four or more heating areas, and it is preferable to have 9 to 16 heating areas in combination with a single non-heating roller.

In the heating region, a part or all of the wall surface around the heating region is heated, and electric power, a heat medium and the like are used for heating the heating wall surface.

The heating region is preferably formed in a groove shape from the viewpoint of easy introduction of the yarn into the region and suppression of fluctuations in the yarn heat treatment temperature.

In order to introduce the yarn into the heating area, a slit can be provided in a part of the wall surface. In this case, the width of the slit is made as small as possible, and the slit portion can be closed except when the yarn is introduced. A structure is preferable in order to increase the heating efficiency. When the heating region is formed in a groove shape, a lid that can be opened and closed is preferably provided on the opening surface of the groove, and it is more preferable to keep the lid warm.

In order to elevate the temperature to a temperature at which the yarn can be drawn uniformly, it is preferable that the distance between the yarn and at least three sides of the wall surrounding the region is 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less.
The optimum value of the distance varies depending on the fineness of the fiber yarn to be treated, but is preferably 2 mm or more and 4 mm or less, since the compatibility is high and the length is high.

When the area is groove-shaped, the groove width is 2 mm
It is necessary that the groove depth is not less than 10 mm, the groove depth is not less than three times the groove width, and the yarn running position is not more than one fifth of the groove depth.

The optimum value of the groove width varies depending on the fineness of the fiber yarn to be treated, but it is preferably 4 mm or more and 8 mm or less, since it has a high degree of compatibility.

The groove depth and the running position of the yarn inside the groove reduce the influence of the external and non-heating surfaces on the heating area, obtain a heating area with a uniform temperature distribution, and apply a more uniform heat treatment to the yarn. However, when the groove depth is less than three times the groove width, the temperature is greatly affected by the opening surface, and the temperature at the yarn running position is not stabilized. In addition, uniform heat treatment is not performed. In order to make the temperature at the yarn running position more stable, the groove depth is more preferably 15 mm or more. In addition, in the case where the yarn traveling position is a position exceeding one fifth of the depth of the groove, in addition to the above, the yarn is not heated from the groove bottom and reaches a temperature at which uniform drawing can be performed. Is not heated enough.

The temperature Te of the heating zone is 300 ° C. or higher and 100
0 ° C or less. The temperature is measured by a thermocouple installed on the wall of the heating area in the center of the heat treatment apparatus. If the temperature is lower than 300 ° C., it is not possible to heat all the single fibers of the yarn to a temperature at which uniform drawing is possible. In addition, when the temperature exceeds 1000 ° C., the yarn is rapidly heated, causing uneven heating between single fibers,
Uniform stretching is not possible. In addition, it becomes necessary to use a high melting point material such as Mo for the heating wall surface portion, which increases the apparatus cost. When the temperature exceeds 800 ° C., it is necessary to use a so-called superalloy in which the amount of alloying elements added is larger than that of iron. Therefore, the temperature is preferably 800 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of apparatus cost.

The passing time Ti of the yarn in the heating area is 0.01
It is set to be equal to or longer than 0.035 seconds. If the time is less than 0.01 second, it is not possible to heat all the single fibers of the yarn to a temperature at which uniform drawing is possible. On the other hand, if the time exceeds 0.035 seconds, the temperature becomes too high, and the fusion of the single fibers occurs, which causes a yarn breakage or the like.

[0034] At the inlet and / or outlet of the heat treatment apparatus, if necessary, a yarn thread path regulating guide which comes into contact with the yarn can be provided. Since the yarn yarn path regulating guide also has a function of separating the air flow accompanying the yarn, it is preferable that the yarn side guide always contact the yarn on the entrance side.

It is preferable that the yarn is heated in a substantially non-contact manner in the heat treatment apparatus. The term "substantially non-contact" means that the yarn does not come into contact with, for example, a yarn path regulating guide or the like other than the resistive element of the stretching regulation inside the apparatus. When there is a guide or the like for regulating the yarn path in the apparatus, the contact with the guide causes stretching even though the temperature of the yarn has not been sufficiently increased, which causes uneven drawing or a breakage of the yarn due to abrasion resistance.

In order to terminate the stretching in the apparatus, a resistor for regulating the stretching may be inserted at the entrance of the apparatus or inside the apparatus. In the case of the doorway, it can be used also as a yarn thread path regulation guide, so that it is preferable to install the doorway as much as possible.
When installed inside, it is preferable that the yarn in the device is treated in a non-contact manner, so that the area where the resistor and the yarn come into contact is 1/10 or less of the yarn passage area length of the heat treatment apparatus. preferable.

In the present invention, the stretching ratio is set by the ratio between the peripheral speeds of the first roller and the second roller.

In the present invention, in order to promote crystallization of the yarn, it is preferable to provide a heat setting step continuously. As a method of heat setting, it is possible to employ a method of extending the processing time of the present invention, a hot roller, a heating plate, steam, or the like.

In the case of using steam, it is necessary to treat the yarn at a high temperature. Therefore, it is preferable to employ a device capable of running the yarn in the pressurized steam.

An example of the method for drawing a polyester fiber of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIG.

After the melted polyester is discharged from the die 1 and passed through the heat retaining zone 2 under the die, the yarn is cooled to a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature by blowing cooling air with the chimney 3, and Refueling and converging, unheated first godet roller 5, dry heat treatment device 6,
After passing through the unheated second body roller 7, the film is stretched according to the ratio of the peripheral speeds of the first body roller 5 and the second body roller 7. Further, the yarn which has passed through the second godet roller 7 is heat-set by the pressurized steam processing device 8, and the unheated third godet roller 9, the entanglement imparting device 10, and the unheated fourth
After passing through a god roller 11, it is wound up by a winder 12.

As shown in FIG. 2, the dry heat treatment apparatus 6 comprises a yarn passage (entrance) 13, a yarn heating area 14, a yarn passage (exit) 15, and a heating wall surface 16. A ceramic guide 17 for guiding yarn introduction is provided at the entrance and exit of the apparatus.
18 is mounted.

[0043]

EXAMPLES Each characteristic value in the examples was determined according to the following method. (A) Heat treatment temperature measurement A CA thermocouple installed on the central wall in the longitudinal direction of the heating wall in the yarn passage area of the dry heat treatment apparatus was measured after the temperature was stabilized in the running state of the yarn.

(B) Dyeing spot The sample is woven as a weft at a weave density of 75 yarns / inch, 2 g of Terasil navy blue is added as a dye in 95 ° C., 10 liters of boiling water, and the sample fabric is immersed for 15 minutes. Then, dyeing was carried out with stirring. After washing with water and drying, staining spots were determined according to the following criteria. The densely dyed part was observed with the naked eye and the presence of a deeply dyed single yarn was confirmed with a magnifying glass. Examples 1 to 11, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Orthochlorophenol Polyethylene terephthalate with intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.625 measured at 25 ° C and 0.40% by weight of titanium oxide added was melted at 290 ° C,
Using the direct spinning and drawing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the liquid was discharged from the die 1 having 24 holes. After passing the discharged yarn through the heat insulation zone 2 of 0.2 m below the base, the yarn is cooled by blowing air at 20 ° C. perpendicularly to the yarn over the length of 1.0 m at 25 ° C. with the chimney 3. Then, after lubricating with a lubricating device 4 installed 2.0 m below the base and converging, the peripheral speed is 2500.
The yarn was taken up by a first roller 5 with a non-heated yarn strip hanging at m / min. Similarly, a total of 12 yarns of polyester fiber are taken up by the first roller, and hot stretched using the dry heat treatment device 6 between the unrolled second roller 7 and the non-heated yarn strip hanging at a peripheral speed of 5000 m / min. did. Further, the yarn passing through the second roller 7 is transferred to the second roller 7 between the second roller 7 and the third roller 9 for hanging the non-heated yarn piece by an internal yarn processing chamber having a processing length of 0.5 m and 2.0 kg / cm.
After heat-setting by the heat treatment device 8 having the pressurized steam treatment device maintained at the pressure of 2, the entanglement imparting device 1
After passing through a fourth roller 11 of a non-heated yarn strip having the same peripheral speed as that of the third roller 9 and the third roller 9, winding was performed by a winder 12 to obtain 12 pieces of 50 denier / 24 filament polyester fibers.

At this time, the dry heat treatment apparatus 6 having a yarn heating area having a shape shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C is used.
The groove width W1 was 8 mm, the groove depth W2 was 40 mm, and the yarn running position in the region was at a distance D = 5 mm from the groove bottom.

Table 1 shows the heat treatment length, heat treatment temperature, yarn passage time, and uneven dyeing of the obtained fiber in the dry heat treatment apparatus.

[0047]

[Table 1] Examples 12 to 22, Comparative Examples 5 and 6 Under the same conditions as in Example 11, the groove width W of the dry heat treatment apparatus was used.
1. The groove depth W2 and the distance D from the groove bottom of the yarn running position were changed to obtain 12 yarns of 50 denier / 24 filament polyester fiber.

Table 2 shows W1, W2 and D and the uneven dyeing of the obtained fibers.

[0049]

[Table 2]

[0050]

According to the direct spinning and drawing method of the present invention, it is possible to carry out non-contact dry heat drawing of the bundled yarn at low cost and without uneven dyeing. Therefore, it was possible to solve the disadvantages of the prior art, that is, the problem of high cost due to the use of a heating roller and the occurrence of a defect in dyeing due to the use of steam.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a high-speed spinning process in a commonly employed direct spinning and drawing method of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a side view of a dry heat treatment apparatus according to an example of the present invention. B: It is a top view of the dry heat treatment apparatus of an example of the present invention. C: It is a front view of the dry heat treatment apparatus of an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Cap 2: Heating zone under the cap 3: Chimney 4: Lubrication device 5: First god roller 6: Dry heat treatment device 7: Second god roller 8: Pressurized steam treatment device 9: Third god roller 10: Entangling device 11 : Fourth god roller 12: Winder 13: Thread passage (entrance) 14: Thread heating area 15: Thread passage (exit) 16: Heating wall surface 17, 18: Ceramic guide for guiding yarn introduction 19: Running yarn Article

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of polyester fiber yarns discharged from a spinneret and cooled and solidified are introduced into a dry heat treatment apparatus installed between a first roller and a second roller which are not heated and stretched to 4000 m / m. Direct spin drawing method in which the temperature Te of the yarn heating area in the dry heat treatment apparatus and the passage time Ti of the yarn are within the following ranges. . Heat treatment temperature 300 ≦ Te (° C.) ≦ 1000 Transit time 0.01 ≦ Ti (sec) ≦ 0.035 2. A dry heat treatment apparatus comprising a plurality of heating regions in which a plurality of yarns individually travel, and wherein a part or all of the surrounding wall is heated. A method for directly spinning and drawing polyester fibers according to claim 1. 3. The direct spinning of a polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the yarn and at least three sides of a wall surrounding the heating area is 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less in the dry heat treatment apparatus. Stretching method. 4. The dry heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dry heat treatment apparatus is substantially non-contact with the yarn.
The direct spinning and drawing method of the polyester fiber according to the above item. 5. The direct spinning of a polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polyester fiber is discharged from a spinneret, solidified by cooling, and then bundled. Stretching method. 6. A dry heat treatment apparatus having a plurality of groove-shaped heating regions in which a plurality of yarns individually travel, wherein a part or all of the surrounding wall surface is heated, and said region is heated. 6. The polyester fiber according to claim 5, wherein the groove width is 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less, the groove depth is 3 times or more of the groove width, and the yarn running position is 1/5 or less of the groove depth. Direct spin drawing method.