JPH11117863A - Oscillating compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oscillating type compressor used in a refrigerating system or the like, which can prevent the insufficiency of cooling capacity in a high temperature atmosphere. SOLUTION: As oscillating compressor is composed of a cylinder 22 in which a piston is inserted so as to be axially reciprocatable, and which is inserted in a back 20 so as to be axially reciprocatable and to define a space 23 between itself and the block 20, and a communication passage 24 which is opened between the space 23 and a discharge chamber 7b in a cylinder head 7. With this arrangement, in a condition in which the atmospheric temperature is high so as to require a high cooling capacity, the cylinder 22 is moved toward the top dead center by a high pressure introduced in the space 23 so that the stroke of the piston 5 becomes larger, thereby making it possible to enhance the cooling capacity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibrating compressor used for refrigerators, air conditioners and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional vibratory compressor is disclosed in
There is one described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-57009. Hereinafter, the above-mentioned conventional vibration type compressor will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 6 shows a conventional vibratory compressor. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 1 denotes a closed casing, and the inside thereof is a refrigerant gas space 1a. 2 is a main body. The motor 3 includes a stator 3a and a mover 3b. 4 is a cylinder, 5 is a piston, 6 is a yoke, 7 is a cylinder head, and 7a and 7b are a suction chamber and a discharge chamber in the cylinder head, respectively. 8 is an elastic element. One end of the piston 5 is inserted into the cylinder 4 and the other end is held by a yoke 6 so as to be able to reciprocate. 9 is a compression chamber formed between the cylinder 4, the piston 5, and the cylinder head 7. Reference numeral 11 denotes a discharge pipe connecting the discharge chamber 7b of the cylinder head and a cooling system (not shown). The main body 2 includes a movable element 12 including a mover 3b of the motor 3, a piston 5, and the like, a cylinder 4, a stator 3a of the motor 3,
And a fixed element 13 composed of the yoke 6 and the like, and is elastically supported in the closed casing 1 by a suspension spring (not shown). The elastic element 8 has one end fixed to the movable element 12 and the other end fixed to the fixed element 13.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a lubricating oil stored in a lower portion of the closed casing 1. Next, the mechanism of the vibrating compressor will be described. When the AC power supply is half-wave rectified and the stator 3a is energized, the mover 3b fixed to the piston 5 is attracted in the direction of the magnetic pole of the stator 3a by the principle of magnetic variable resistance. At the time of suction, the piston 5 is pushed in the opposite direction by the elastic force stored in the elastic element 8 disposed between the mover 3b and the yoke 6, and the piston 5 reciprocates in the axial direction by repeating this operation. In this reciprocating motion, the position where the piston comes closest to the cylinder head 7 is called top dead center, and the position farthest away is called bottom dead center.

[0005] Refrigerant gas from the cooling system is once released in a refrigerant gas space 1a in the closed casing 1, guided to a suction chamber 7a of a cylinder head 7, and provided with a suction valve (shown in the figure) disposed in the cylinder head 7. ) To the compression chamber 9 in the cylinder 4. The refrigerant gas that has reached the compression chamber 9 is compressed by the reciprocating motion of the piston 5 described above.

[0006] The compressed refrigerant gas is supplied to the cylinder head 7.
Once discharged into a discharge chamber 7b in a cylinder head 7 through a discharge valve (not shown) disposed therein, the discharge pipe 1
1 to the cooling system.

Further, since a part of the elastic element 8 is immersed in the lubricating oil 15, the elastic element 8 winds up the lubricating oil 15 with the reciprocating movement of the piston. Is supplied with lubricating oil.

[0008] In addition to the spring force of the elastic body 8 and the thrust of the motor 3 acting on the piston 5, a force due to the pressure difference between the compression chamber 9 and the back of the piston acts. As the pressure in the compression chamber increases, the center of amplitude of the piston decreases. Moving to the dead center side, the amplitude of the piston increases.

[0009]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, although the amplitude of the piston 5 slightly changes depending on the pressure condition, the outside temperature becomes high, and the refrigerating capacity becomes insufficient under conditions that require a larger refrigerating capacity. There was a possibility.

The present invention solves the conventional problems,
Under operating conditions that require high outdoor temperatures and high refrigeration capacity,
An object of the present invention is to provide a greater refrigeration capacity by increasing a stroke by moving a cylinder toward a top dead center.

When the amplitude of the piston 5 increases due to the operating conditions, the amount of the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression chamber 9 also increases. However, in a generally used muffler having a constant capacity, the amount of the refrigerant gas discharged when the discharge amount increases is increased. Pulsation could not be reduced sufficiently, and vibrations could be transmitted from the piping and the like, increasing the noise and vibrations.

Another object of the present invention is to reliably reduce pulsation and prevent noise and vibration from increasing even when the stroke increases and the discharge amount changes.

When a space having a pressure higher than the pressure in the closed casing is formed between the cylinder 4 and the block 6,
The refrigerant gas leaks from the clearance due to the pressure difference,
Efficiency could be reduced.

Another object of the present invention is to prevent a decrease in efficiency due to leakage of refrigerant gas from a space.

Further, when the high pressure becomes extremely high at the time of starting or due to the influence of the outside air temperature, the cylinder moves largely in the direction of the top dead center, and the amplitude of the piston becomes too large. There was a possibility that a reliability problem might occur in the movable part.

Another object of the present invention is to prevent the cylinder from moving extremely in the direction of the top dead center, causing an excessive stroke and causing a problem in reliability of the elastic body or the like. .

[0017]

In order to achieve the above object, a vibration type compressor according to the present invention comprises: a motor comprising a block and a piston housed in a closed casing; a stator and a mover; A movable element composed of a child and a piston, a fixed element composed of a block and a stator, an elastic element partially fixed to the movable element, and an elastic element partially fixed to the fixed element, The cylinder comprises a cylinder inserted reciprocally in a direction to form a space between the block, a cylinder head having a discharge chamber and attached to the cylinder, and a communication passage opening to the space and the discharge chamber.

Thus, under operating conditions where the outside air temperature is high and a high refrigeration capacity is required, the stroke is increased by the cylinder moving to the top dead center side by the high pressure introduced into the space, thereby providing a larger refrigeration capacity. can do.
In addition, compared with a case where the cylinder is moved by introducing a high pressure to the entire back surface of the cylinder, the area in contact with the high pressure gas can be reduced, the loss due to heat can be reduced, and the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the closed casing is reduced. Since the movable element is wound up with the reciprocating motion, the lubricating oil can be easily supplied to the sliding portion, and the sliding loss can be reduced and the wear can be prevented.

Further, the present invention is provided with a discharge pipe for communicating the space with the cooling system.

As a result, even if the stroke increases and the discharge amount increases, the indoor volume also increases, and the space plays a role as a muffler. Can be prevented from increasing.

Further, the present invention has a passage communicating the sliding surface of the cylinder and the block with the bottom of the space.

Thus, lubricating oil is supplied from the bottom of the space to the sliding surface between the cylinder and the block through the passage. Thereby, the clearance of the sliding surface is sealed by the lubricating oil, so that leakage of the refrigerant gas from the space can be prevented. Further, since the sliding surface is lubricated by the supplied lubricating oil, wear between the cylinder and the block can be prevented.

In the present invention, a groove is provided on one of the sliding surfaces of the cylinder and the block.

Thus, when the cylinder moves largely in the direction of the top dead center, the groove plays a role of releasing the pressure in the space, thereby preventing the stroke from becoming larger than the set value. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the stroke from becoming excessively large and causing a problem in reliability of the elastic body or the like.

[0025]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is directed to a motor including a block and a piston housed in a closed casing, a stator and a mover, and a motor and a piston. A movable element composed of
A fixed element constituted by the block, the stator, and the like, a part is fixed to the movable element, an elastic element partially fixed to the fixed element, and the piston is inserted to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction, And a cylinder which is inserted into the block so as to be reciprocally movable in the axial direction and forms a space between the cylinder and the block, a cylinder head provided with the discharge chamber and attached to the cylinder, and which opens to the space and the discharge chamber. Under the operating conditions where the outside air temperature is high and high refrigeration capacity is required, the stroke is increased by moving the cylinder to the top dead center side by the high pressure introduced into the space, and the larger Has the effect of providing refrigeration capacity. Further, as compared with a case where the cylinder is moved by introducing a high pressure to the entire back surface of the cylinder, the area for contacting the high pressure gas is reduced, and the heat loss is reduced. Furthermore, the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the closed casing is wound up with the reciprocating motion of the movable element and is supplied to the sliding portion to reduce sliding loss and prevent wear.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect of the present invention, there is further provided a discharge pipe for communicating the space with the cooling system, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression chamber is once in the space. After being released in the cooling system, even when the stroke increases and the discharge rate increases, the volume of the space increases accordingly, and the space plays a role as a muffler.
This has the effect of reliably reducing pulsation and preventing an increase in noise and vibration.

The third aspect of the present invention is the first or second aspect.
In the invention described in the above, a passage communicating the sliding surface of the cylinder and the block with the bottom of the space is provided, the lubricating oil accumulated in the bottom of the space is supplied to the sliding surface through the passage, and the lubricating oil is cleared. Has the effect of preventing refrigerant gas from leaking from the space. Further, since the sliding surface is lubricated, there is an effect of preventing abrasion at the sliding portion between the cylinder and the block.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a groove is provided on one of the sliding surfaces of the cylinder and the block. When the groove becomes large, the groove plays a role of releasing the pressure in the space, and further prevents the cylinder from moving in the direction of the top dead center. It has the action of:

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those of the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

(Embodiment 1) Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 20 denotes a block, which together with the stator 3a and the yoke 6, constitutes a fixing element 21. 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes a cylinder, which is reciprocally inserted into the inner periphery of the block 20, and a space 23 is formed between the cylinder 22 and the block 20. The piston 5 is the cylinder 2
2 are reciprocally inserted into the inside of the cylinder 2, and a compression chamber 9 is formed therebetween. Reference numeral 24 denotes a communication path having one end opened to the discharge chamber 7 b of the cylinder head 7 and the other end opened to the space 23. Reference numeral 25 denotes a spring, which is attached between the block 20 and the cylinder 22.

The operation of the vibrating compressor constructed as described above will be described below. The high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 9 during the operation of the compressor is discharged into the discharge chamber 7b and sent to the cooling system via the discharge pipe 11. At this time, this pressure is also introduced into the space 23 through the communication passage 24. A force due to a pressure difference between the space 23 and the space in the closed casing acts on the cylinder 22, and the cylinder 22 moves in the top dead center direction to a position where the spring force of the spring 25 and the force due to the pressure are balanced.

When the ambient temperature is high and the high pressure increases, the pressure in the space 23 also increases, so that the cylinder 22 moves further in the direction of the top dead center than usual. When the thrust of the motor is adjusted so that the volume of the compression chamber 9 at the top dead center is constant, the position of the top dead center of the piston moves away from the neutral position of the elastic body 8. For this reason, the position of the bottom dead center also moves in the opposite direction with respect to the neutral position of the elastic body. As a result, the stroke of the piston increases, and the amount of refrigerant gas discharged increases, so that the refrigeration capacity increases.

In this embodiment, the area in contact with the high-pressure gas can be reduced as compared with a case where the cylinder is moved by introducing a high pressure to the entire back surface of the cylinder.
Heat loss can be reduced.

Furthermore, if the entire back surface of the cylinder is at a high pressure, it is difficult to supply the sliding portion under the high pressure with the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the closed casing at a low pressure. However, in this embodiment, since the high-pressure portion is limited to a part such as a space, the lubricating oil is blown off by the movement of the elastic body immersed in the lubricating oil, and the lubrication of the sliding parts such as the piston and the yoke is performed. Has been realized.

As described above, the motor constituted by the block and piston housed in the closed casing, the stator and the mover, the movable element constituted by the mover and the piston, the block and the stator A fixed element composed of, for example, an elastic element partially fixed to the movable element and a part fixed to the fixed element, and a piston inserted reciprocally in the axial direction and freely reciprocable in the block in the axial direction And a cylinder that forms a space between the block and the block, a cylinder head that has a discharge chamber and is attached to the cylinder, and a communication path that opens to the space and the discharge chamber. In operating conditions that require high refrigeration capacity, the cylinders move toward the top dead center due to the high pressure introduced into the space, increasing the stroke,
Greater refrigeration capacity can be provided. Further, as compared with a case where the cylinder is moved by introducing a high pressure to the entire back surface of the cylinder, the area in contact with the high pressure gas can be reduced, and the heat loss can be reduced. Further, the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the closed casing is wound up with the reciprocating motion of the movable element and is supplied to the sliding portion, so that the sliding loss can be reduced and abrasion can be prevented.

In this embodiment, a spring is provided between the cylinder and the block. However, if a component that changes the position of the cylinder according to the pressure in the space, such as applying a reaction force to the magnet, is used. Needless to say, the effect is obtained.

In addition, a fluctuation load is applied to the cylinder 22 in accordance with the pressure change in the compression chamber during one stroke. When the cylinder 22 moves greatly, the volume of the compression chamber 9 decreases at the bottom dead center, that is, the refrigerating capacity decreases. Leads to a decline. For this reason, it is desirable that the cross-sectional area of the space 23 be sufficiently larger than that of the compression chamber 9 and that the spring constant of the spring 25 be sufficiently large so as to minimize the amount of movement of the cylinder during one stroke.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 26 denotes a discharge pipe, which communicates between the space 23 and a cooling system outside the compressor.

In the present embodiment, a discharge pipe 26 is further added to the vibrating compressor according to the first embodiment, and the discharge chamber 7 b and the cooling system are communicated via a space 23.

The operation of the vibrating compressor configured as described above will be described below. The high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 9 during the operation of the compressor is discharged into the discharge chamber 7b, and is released to the space 23 through the communication path 24. Space 2
Numeral 3 acts as a muffler, in which the reduced-velocity refrigerant gas is sent to a cooling system via a discharge pipe 26.

The amount of the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression chamber is:
The larger the ambient temperature is, the higher the high pressure condition is, but the volume of the space 24 also increases in accordance with the amount of the discharged gas, so that the pulsation can always be reduced in the space 23 and the generation of noise and vibration can be prevented. can do.

As described above, the vibratory compressor of this embodiment is provided with the discharge pipe communicating the space and the cooling system, so that the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression chamber is released into the space at one end. In the condition where the stroke increases and the discharge rate increases, the volume of the space increases accordingly, and the space plays a role as a muffler. An increase in vibration can be prevented.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 28 denotes a passage provided in the block, one end of which is opened at the bottom 28 a of the space 23.
The other end is opened at 28b in a circumferential groove 28c provided on the sliding surface of the cylinder 22 and the block 20.

In the present embodiment, a passage 28 is added to the vibrating compressor according to the second embodiment.

The operation of the vibrating compressor configured as described above will be described below. The high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 9 during the operation of the compressor is discharged into the discharge chamber 7b, and is released to the space 23 through the communication path 24. Here, the lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant gas falls due to the decrease in speed and accumulates at the bottom of the space. The lubricating oil is supplied from the opening 28a of the passage 28 at the bottom of the space through the opening 28a to the entire sliding surface by a circumferential groove 28c provided on the sliding surface of the cylinder and the block. The supplied lubricating oil seals the clearance between the cylinder and the block, improves the airtightness of the space, and prevents loss due to leakage. Further, since an oil film is formed between the cylinder and the block, wear due to sliding at this portion can be prevented.

As described above, the vibratory compressor of this embodiment has the passage communicating the sliding surface of the cylinder and the block with the bottom of the space, so that the lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the space slides through the passage. Since the lubricating oil is supplied to the moving surface and maintains airtightness, leakage of the refrigerant gas from the space can be prevented. Further, since the sliding surface is lubricated by the supplied lubricating oil, wear between the cylinder and the block can be prevented.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the operation of the embodiment.

4 and 5, reference numeral 30 denotes a groove provided on one of the sliding surface of the cylinder 22 and the block 20, and 30a is provided on the cylinder 22 and 30b is provided on the block 20. Reference numeral 31 denotes a communication passage having one end opened to the discharge chamber of the cylinder head at 31a and the other end opened to a position 31b on the cylinder opposed to the groove 30b.

In this embodiment, a groove 30 is added to the vibration type compressor according to the first embodiment. The operation of the vibrating compressor configured as described above will be described below.

The high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 9 during operation of the compressor is discharged into the discharge chamber 7b,
Through the cooling system. At this time, this pressure is also introduced into the space 23 through the communication passage 31 and the groove 28b. When the high pressure increases due to factors such as an increase in the ambient temperature, the cylinder moves toward the top dead center due to the pressure in the space 23, and the stroke of the piston increases.

However, when the system is unstable at startup or when the ambient temperature is abnormally high, the discharge pressure may increase abnormally. Even in such a case, in the conventional configuration, the cylinder moves endlessly in the direction of the top dead center, so that the stroke continues to increase. As a result, the stroke becomes large enough to adversely affect the reliability of the elastic body and other movable parts, and in the worst case, there is a risk of breakage.

In this embodiment, when the cylinder moves to the top dead center side to some extent with the increase in the high pressure, the position of the opening 31b of the communication passage and the groove 30b shifts, and the introduction of the high pressure into the space stops. Further, the space communicates with the space in the closed casing by the groove 30a, and the pressure in the space is reduced because the refrigerant gas is released. Therefore, the cylinder does not move in the direction of the top dead center beyond the set value, and it is possible to prevent the stroke from becoming excessively large, thereby preventing the occurrence of a reliability problem.

As described above, the vibratory compressor of the present invention
Since a groove is provided on either the sliding surface of the cylinder and the block, if the cylinder moves largely in the top dead center direction, the groove plays a role of releasing the pressure in the space, and the stroke becomes larger than the set value To prevent Therefore, it is possible to prevent the stroke from being excessively large and causing a problem in reliability of the elastic body or the like.

[0057]

As described above, the first aspect of the present invention comprises a closed casing having a refrigerant gas space, a block and a piston housed in the closed casing, a stator and a mover. A motor, a movable element composed of a mover and a piston, a fixed element composed of a block or a stator, and an elastic element partially fixed to the movable element and partially fixed to the fixed element. A cylinder in which a piston is inserted in a reciprocating manner in the axial direction and is reciprocally inserted in a block in the axial direction to form a space between the block and the cylinder; a cylinder head having a discharge chamber and attached to the cylinder; And a communication path that opens to the discharge chamber, the cylinder rises due to the high pressure introduced into the space under operating conditions where the outside air temperature is high and high refrigeration capacity is required. Increasing the stroke by moving to the point side, it is possible further to provide a large cooling capacity.
In addition, compared with a case where the cylinder is moved by introducing a high pressure to the entire back surface of the cylinder, the area in contact with the high pressure gas can be reduced, the loss due to heat can be reduced, and the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the closed casing is reduced. Since the movable element is wound up with the reciprocating motion, the lubricating oil can be easily supplied to the sliding portion, and the sliding loss can be reduced and the wear can be prevented.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect of the present invention, a discharge pipe for communicating the space with the cooling system is provided, so that the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression chamber has one end space. After being released inside, it is discharged to the cooling system, but even if the stroke increases and the discharge amount increases, the indoor volume also increases with it, and the space will serve as a muffler, Pulsation can be reliably reduced, and increase in noise and vibration can be prevented.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first or second aspect of the present invention, a passage communicating between the sliding surface of the cylinder and the block and the bottom of the space is provided. Lubricating oil is supplied to the moving surface from the bottom of the space through a passage. Thereby, the clearance of the sliding surface is sealed by the lubricating oil, so that leakage of the refrigerant gas from the space can be prevented. Further, since the sliding surface is lubricated by the supplied lubricating oil, wear between the cylinder and the block can be prevented.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect of the invention, a groove is provided on one of the sliding surfaces of the cylinder and the block, so that the cylinder becomes large in the direction of the top dead center. When it moves, the groove serves to release the pressure in the space, and prevents the stroke from becoming larger than the set value. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the stroke from becoming excessively large and causing a problem in reliability of the elastic body or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibration compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the operation of the vibrating compressor of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional vibrating compressor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Closed casing 3 Motor 3a Stator 3b Mover 5 Piston 7 Cylinder head 7b Discharge chamber 8 Elastic element 12 Movable element 20 Block 21 Fixed element 22 Cylinder 23 Space 24 Communication passage 26 Discharge pipe 28 Passage 30 Groove

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Katayama 4-2-5 Takaida Hondori, Higashiosaka City, Osaka Inside Matsushita Refrigeration Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A motor comprising a block and a piston housed in a closed casing, a stator and a mover, a movable element comprising the mover and the piston, the block and the fixed member. A fixed element constituted by a child or the like, a part of which is fixed to the movable element,
An elastic element part of which is fixed to the fixing element, and a cylinder in which the piston is inserted reciprocally in the axial direction and is inserted reciprocally in the block in the axial direction to form a space between the block and the elastic element And a cylinder head having a discharge chamber and attached to the cylinder, and a communication passage opening to the space and the discharge chamber. 2. The vibratory compressor according to claim 1, further comprising a discharge pipe communicating between the space and the cooling system. 3. The vibrating compressor according to claim 1, further comprising a passage communicating the sliding surface of the cylinder and the block with the bottom of the space. 4. The vibrating compressor according to claim 1, wherein a groove is provided on one of the sliding surfaces of the cylinder and the block.