JPH11101270A - Synchronizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the occurrence of a fail in synchronous operation, in a synchronizing device using a synchronizer spring. SOLUTION: The first tooth 220 of a sleeve 200 is formed in a state to protrude by a distance (d) from a second tooth 230. A cam crest 230 k formed on the second tooth 230 passes through a spring 500 and is brought into a state not to press the spring 500. At a point of time when a second tooth 230 passes a synchronizer ring 400 after synchronization, a clearance (c) is ensured between the tip of the first tooth 220 and the tip of the tooth 310 of a clutch gear 300.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchronizer for smoothly engaging members having different rotational speeds, and more particularly to a synchronizer for a transmission.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a synchronizer for a transmission, a sleeve spline-coupled to a hub fixed to a rotary shaft, a clutch gear coupled to a driven gear, and a synchronizer disposed between the sleeve and the clutch gear. Having a ring, disposing a synchronizer spring between the synchronizer ring and the sleeve, moving the sleeve to press the synchronizer ring through the synchronizer spring, and as a result, the induced cone surface formed on the clutch gear and 2. Description of the Related Art A synchronizing device that performs a synchronizing operation by utilizing frictional engagement between cone surfaces formed on a synchronizer ring is known (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-24096).

[0003]

In the apparatus disclosed in the above publication, it is the cam provided on the sleeve that presses the synchronizer spring. However, this cam is a cam that generates a cam force so as not to apply an extra force to the synchro pushing force, that is, the load to be synchronized, after the tooth tip of the sleeve and the tooth tip of the synchronizer ring start meshing. The axial length of the peak is reduced.
As a result, after the cam peak passes through the synchronizer spring, the synchronization between the synchronizer ring and the clutch gear is lost (the relative movement increases without the rotation of the synchronizer ring and the clutch gear approaching), which may cause gear noise. There is a problem that there is. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a synchronization device using a synchronizer spring that does not lose synchronization.

[0004]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a hub fixedly connected to a rotating shaft and having a first synchronous tooth row on the outer periphery, and a movable tooth row meshing with the first synchronous tooth row of the hub. An axially movable sleeve and a synchronizer ring disposed adjacent to the hub in the axial direction, the synchronizer ring being disposed at a plurality of circumferentially spaced locations and capable of engaging with the movable tooth row of the sleeve. A plurality of second synchronous tooth rows, a plurality of circumferentially spaced intermediate parts between the inner peripheral surface of the conical surface expanding toward the opposite side of the hub and the hub-side axial end surface where the second synchronous tooth wheel is disposed; And a synchronizer ring having a spring support element provided at a position, a synchronizer spring which is inscribed and supported on the outer peripheral surface of the spring support element, and which is disposed adjacent to the hub of the synchronizer ring in the axial direction and is rotated. Axially fixed to the shaft A clutch gear fixed to a driven body engaged in a rotation direction non-fixed manner, a third synchronous tooth row engageable with a movable tooth row of a sleeve, and a cone surface joinable to a cone surface of a synchronizer ring. And a moving means for selectively moving the sleeve toward the third synchronous tooth row, and when the moving means moves the sleeve through the synchronizer ring toward the third synchronous tooth row of the clutch gear, Cam means for generating a pressing force for pressing the synchronizer ring via the synchronizer spring to induce the joint between the cone surface of the synchronizer ring and the cone surface of the driven body, wherein the movable tooth row of the sleeve is the third synchronous gear of the clutch gear. Cam means adapted to terminate the generation of the pressing force before engaging with the tooth row, wherein the movable tooth row of the sleeve is provided with a synchronizer ring. Consists of a first movable teeth no second synchronous teeth engage, the second mobile teeth which engage with the second synchronization teeth of the synchronizer ring, the first
The axial end of the movable tooth row projects toward the synchronizer ring from the axial end of the second movable tooth row, and after the end of the synchronizing action by the second movable tooth row, A synchronizing device is provided wherein one movable tooth is engaged with a third synchronizing tooth of the clutch gear. In the synchronizer configured as described above, after the end of the synchronizing action by the second movable tooth row, the first movable tooth row is engaged with the third synchronous tooth row of the clutch gear prior to the second movable tooth row. The relative movement time between the synchronizer ring and the clutch gear due to the weakening of the joining force between the synchronizer ring and the clutch gear due to the end of the generation of the pressing force of the means is reduced, and the loss of synchronization is suppressed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the synchronizing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the cam means is formed on the second movable tooth row of the sleeve. In the synchronizer configured as described above, when performing the operation of the first aspect of the present invention, the synchronizer spring is pressed by the cam means having the cam means formed on the second movable tooth row of the sleeve.
Since the second movable tooth row is engaged with the synchronizer ring, the synchronizer spring pressed by the cam means is backed up by the teeth of the synchronizer ring.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the entire structure of a first embodiment of the present invention applied to a part of a transmission for an automobile. Referring to FIG. 1, a synchro hub 100 is attached to the rotating shaft 1 so as to be able to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 1. On the left side of the synchro hub 100 in the figure, a first gear 10 is mounted via a roller bearing 2, and on the right side of the synchro hub 100, a second gear 20 is mounted on the rotary shaft 1 by spline coupling. 1 is mounted via a roller bearing 4 to a hollow shaft 3 which rotates constantly and integrally with the hollow shaft 3.

[0007] A sleeve 200 is spline-coupled to the outer peripheral side of the hub 100. Also, the first gear 10 and the second gear 10
The clutch gears 300 are fixedly connected to the gears 20, respectively. A synchronizer ring 400 is provided between the hub 100 and the sleeve 200 and the clutch gear 300.
Is provided. The clutch gear 300 has a protruding portion 320 protruding toward the hub 100 on the inner peripheral side, and has a cone surface 330 formed on the outer peripheral side. The synchronizer ring 400 has a protruding portion 450 protruding toward the hub 100 on the inner peripheral side.
A cone surface 440 engageable with the 00 cone surface is formed. A synchronizer spring 500 is provided between the synchronizer ring 400 and the sleeve 100.

FIG. 2 is a single view of the hub 100, and shows teeth 11 for spline coupling with the sleeve 200 on the outer peripheral side.
0 for coupling with the rotating shaft 1 on the inner peripheral side.
It has. FIG. 3 is a view of the sleeve 200 as viewed from the first gear 10 side. A groove 210 for engaging a shift fork (not shown) is formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 200, and the sleeve 200 is moved to a desired position via the shift fork. On the other hand, the first teeth 2
20, the second teeth 230 and the third teeth 240 are arranged at intervals as shown. The height of the second teeth 230 is higher than that of the first teeth 220 and the third teeth 240.

FIG. 4A is an enlarged view of the cross section of the first tooth 220 taken along the line IVA-IVA in FIG.
Is a second tooth 230 cut in a plane passing through IVB-IVB in FIG.
(C) is an enlarged view of a section of the short tooth 240 taken along a plane passing through IVC-IVC in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 4, the first tooth 220 protrudes by d at both ends from the second tooth 230 and the third tooth 240, respectively. A cam ridge 230k is formed on the inner peripheral side of the second tooth 230. The cam ridge 230k is moved by the movement of the sleeve 200, and the synchronizer spring 500
Press.

FIG. 5 is a view of the synchronizer ring 400 viewed from the hub 100 side. Synchronizer ring 4
On the outer circumference of 00, three teeth 410 are provided at three locations at substantially equal intervals, and projections 430 are formed at approximately three intermediate locations of the portions where the teeth 410 are not provided. Further, a cone surface 440 is formed on the inner periphery. An oil groove 441 for guiding lubricating oil is formed on the cone surface 440. A protrusion 450 protruding toward the hub 100 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the hub 100, and the synchronizer spring 500 is provided at the same position (three places) as the protrusion 430 in the circumferential direction of the outer periphery of the protrusion 450. A spring support protrusion 460 is provided to be inscribed and supported.

FIG. 6 shows a synchronizer spring 500, and FIG. 7 shows an enlarged cross section thereof. As shown in FIG. 7, the synchronizer spring 5
00 has a circular cross section. FIG. 8 is a view showing a state in which the synchronizer spring 500 is attached to the synchronizer ring 400. The synchronizer spring 500 has three spring support protrusions 460 formed on a protrusion 450 protruding toward the hub 100 of the synchronizer ring 400. Inscribed in It should be noted that the synchronizer spring 500 is shown by cross hatching for easy understanding.

FIG. 9 is a view of the clutch gear 300 as viewed from the hub 100 side. On the outer periphery of the clutch gear 300, teeth 310 having the same pitch and the same tooth height as the teeth 410 provided on the synchronizer ring 400 are formed. A protruding portion 320 protruding toward the hub 100 is formed on the inner peripheral side, and the synchronizer ring 40 is formed on the upper surface thereof.
A cone surface 330 engageable with the 0 cone surface 440 is formed.

The operation of the synchronizer constructed as described above will now be described in connection with a case where the sleeve 200 is moved from the neutral state toward the first gear 10 to synchronously engage the first gear 10 with the rotary shaft 1. This is explained using an example. FIGS. 10 to 15 show the changes during this period. In each figure, the upper half shows the movement of the first tooth 220 and the lower half shows the movement of the second tooth 230. The third teeth 240 are not shown.

FIG. 10A is an enlarged view of the same cross section as FIG. 1 showing the positional relationship of each element of the synchronizer when the sleeve 200 is at the neutral position, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line XB-XB in FIG. In this state, the second teeth 230 of the sleeve 200
Is not in contact with the synchronizer spring 500. Further, although the first teeth 220 protrude by d from the second teeth 230, the
0 is not in contact with the tooth 310. The protrusion of the first teeth 220 shows the effect after the cam ridge 230k of the second teeth 230 of the sleeve 200 passes through the synchronizer spring 500.

When the sleeve 200 is moved from the neutral position in the direction of arrow A, the cam ridge 230k of the second tooth 230 of the sleeve 200 comes into contact with the synchronizer spring 500, and the cone surface 440 of the synchronizer ring 400 is changed via the spring 500. Clutch gear 30
0 is pressed against the cone surface 330. As a result, the frictional force between the cone surface 440 of the synchronizer ring 400 and the cone surface 330 of the clutch gear 300 causes the clutch gear 300 to start synchronizing with the rotation of the rotating shaft 1 together with the first gear 10 to which it is fixed. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, when the tooth surface 230 a of the second tooth 230 of the sleeve 200 presses the tooth surface 410 a of the tooth 410 of the synchronizer ring 400, the cone surface 440 of the synchronizer ring 400 and the cone Face 330
A strong friction is generated between them to perform a synchronizing action.

The sleeve 200 further includes the clutch gear 30
As shown in FIG. 12, after the synchronizer spring 500 is pushed down to the maximum as shown in FIG. 12, the cam teeth 230k of the second teeth 230 of the sleeve 200 are pressed as shown in FIG.
Is over the synchronizer spring 500 and does not press the synchronizer spring 500.
By doing so, the first teeth 2 of the sleeve 200
No extra force is applied when the 20 splits between the teeth 310 of the clutch gear 300.

As shown in FIG. 13, the second teeth 230
Of the tooth 41 of the synchronizer ring 400
Synchronizer ring 40 that slips through tooth surface 410a of zero
0 cone surface 440 and clutch gear 300 cone surface 3
When the frictional force disappears for 30 seconds, the sleeve 200
Of the first tooth 220 and the tooth 310 of the clutch gear 300
A clearance c exists in the axial direction between the tips of the two.

Conversely, before the tooth surface 230a of the second tooth 230 passes through the tooth surface 410a of the tooth 410 of the synchronizer ring 400, the tip of the first tooth 220 of the sleeve 200 enters between the teeth 310 of the clutch gear 300. If it has begun, the sleeve 200 will not enter smoothly. If the clearance c is large, the synchronization is lost. Therefore, the clearance c is set to a minimum necessary value.

The sleeve 200 further includes the clutch gear 30
When the movement proceeds toward zero, the first teeth 220 of the sleeve 200 start to mesh with the teeth 310 of the clutch gear 300 without causing the synchronization loss as described above (see FIG. 14). Then, the engagement is completed as shown in FIG.

The synchronizer spring 500 holds the cam ridges 2 of the second teeth 230 of the sleeve 200 while the sleeve 200 shifts from the state shown in FIG. 10 to the state shown in FIG.
It is pressed obliquely downward by 30k, deforms from the shape shown in FIG. 8 to the shape shown in FIG. 16, and returns to the shape shown in FIG. 8 again.

[0021]

According to the invention of each claim, a synchronizer spring is disposed between the synchronizer ring and the sleeve, and the sleeve provided with the cam means is moved to press the synchronizer ring via the synchronizer spring. As a result, in the synchronizing device that performs the synchronizing operation by utilizing the frictional engagement between the conical surface formed on the clutch gear and the conical surface formed on the synchronizer ring, the pressing force by the cam means is eliminated, and the synchronizing operation is performed. The time from the passage of the sleeve with the through the synchronizer ring to the engagement of the sleeve with the clutch gear is reduced, the relative movement between the sleeve and the clutch gear is reduced, and the loss of synchronization is suppressed. In particular, according to claim 2,
When the synchronizer spring is pressed, the synchronizer spring is backed up by the teeth of the synchronizer ring, and is not deformed and pushed in the axial direction, thereby improving the durability of the synchronizer spring.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a synchronizer according to the present invention, taken along a plane passing through an axis.

FIG. 2 is a single view of the hub 100.

FIG. 3 is a view of the sleeve 200 as viewed from a first gear 10 side.

4 shows a cross section of a sleeve 200, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a section taken along line IVA-IVA. (B)
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a cross section taken along line IVB-IVB in FIG. FIG. 4C is an enlarged view of a cross section viewed along the line IVC-IVC in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a view of the synchronizer ring 400 viewed from the hub 100 side.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a synchronizer spring 500.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of the synchronizer spring 500.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which a synchronizer spring 500 is attached to a synchronizer ring 400.

FIG. 9 is a view of the clutch gear 300 as viewed from the hub 100 side.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment of the synchronization device of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment of the synchronization device of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment of the synchronization device of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment of the synchronization device of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment of the synchronization device of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment of the synchronization device of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a state in which the synchronizer spring 500 attached to the synchronizer ring 400 has been deformed by the movement of the sleeve 200.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotating shaft 10 ... 1st gear 20 ... 2nd gear 100 ... hub 200 ... sleeve 220 ... 1st tooth 230 ... 2nd tooth 230a ... tooth surface 230k ... cam ridge 240 ... 3rd tooth 300 ... clutch gear 310 ( Clutch gear teeth 320 Projecting parts 330 Conical surface 400 Synchronizer ring 410 Teeth (of the synchronizer ring) 430 Projection 440 Conical surface 450 Projecting part 500 Synchronizer spring

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A hub fixedly connected to a rotating shaft and having a first synchronous tooth row on an outer periphery, a sleeve having a movable tooth row meshing with the first synchronous tooth row of the hub, and axially movable, A synchronizer ring disposed axially adjacent to the hub, the second synchronous teeth being disposed at a plurality of circumferentially spaced locations and engageable with the movable teeth of the sleeve, and an inner periphery opposite to the hub. And a spring support element provided at a plurality of circumferentially-spaced locations intermediate the position on the hub-side axial end face where the second synchronous toothed wheel is disposed. A synchronizer ring and a synchronizer spring that is supported by being inscribed in the outer peripheral surface of the spring support element. An axially fixed side of the synchronizer ring that is adjacent to the hub of the synchronizer ring and is fixed to the rotating shaft in the axial direction and fixed in the rotational direction. Moved object A clutch gear fixed to the clutch gear, the clutch gear having a third synchronous tooth row with which the movable tooth row of the sleeve can be engaged, and a cone surface which can be joined to the cone surface of the synchronizer ring; Moving means for moving toward the third synchronous tooth row, and pressing force for pressing the synchronizer ring via the synchronizer spring when the moving means moves the sleeve toward the third synchronous tooth row of the clutch gear through the synchronizer ring. A cam means for generating the joint between the cone surface of the synchronizer ring and the cone surface of the driven body, wherein the pressing force is generated before the movable teeth of the sleeve engage with the third synchronous teeth of the clutch gear. Cam means adapted to be terminated, wherein the movable teeth of the sleeve do not engage the second synchronous teeth of the synchronizer ring. And a second movable dentition engaged with the second synchronous dentition of the synchronizer ring, wherein the axial end of the first movable dentition is greater in the synchronizer ring than the axial end of the second movable dentition. The first movable teeth are engaged with the third synchronous teeth of the clutch gear prior to the second movable teeth after the generation of the synchronizing action by the second movable teeth. A synchronization device characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The synchronizer according to claim 1, wherein the cam means is formed on the second movable tooth row of the sleeve.