JPH11101087A - Underground excavator and construction method of branched shielding tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To excavate branched passages without requiring an expensive soil improvement by using double track tunnel-excavating and branched two tunnel- excavating tail seals by separable two shielding machines. SOLUTION: Two shielding machines 2 are separably joined together, and a single double-track tunnel is separated into two single track tunnels, and branched passages are constructed. The shielding machines 2 have quadrangular outer shell parts 5, and a cutout part 5c is formed in the rear end vertical wall 5b of both outer shell parts 5. A front tail seal 16 and a rear tail seal 17 of the outer shell parts 5 are arranged at every two rows in parallel to each other. The tail seal 16 is arranged in a part except for the cutout part 5c, and divided segments are connected to a joint segment by an intermediate column segment, and a double track tunnel is formed. After being branched, the segments are set to the rear tail seal 17, and the cutout part 5c of the vertical part 5b is blocked up, and is connected in an annular shape. Work can be performed without being directly exposed to bedrock, and there is no need to perform an expensive soil improvement.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underground excavator suitable for excavating subways, road tunnels, water and sewage systems, etc. The present invention relates to an underground excavator capable of constructing a fork by separating in the ground and excavating as a separate shield machine, and a method of constructing a branch type shield tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind, there is one described in Japanese Patent No. 2604217 (see FIGS. 22 and 23).

[0003] This consists of two shield machines 50, 50
Are separably connected, and these shield excavators 50, 5
At the front of 0, excavating cutters 51, 51 are rotatably arranged. By rotating the excavating cutters 51, 51, the ground is excavated.

In order to form a fork, first, one tunnel is excavated in a state where the two shield excavators 50, 50 are connected, and then the two are separated at a predetermined position. The segment is propelled with a reaction force, and is branched into two tunnels for excavation.

[0005]

However, in such a conventional device, the tunnel is constructed so as not to collapse at the segment. However, it is unclear how to construct the branch road. It seems that the following problems occur. That is, in the case of one tunnel before branching, it is necessary to assemble segments suitable for the shape of the tunnel in the integrated shield excavators 50, 50.
A partition cannot be formed between 0 and 50. However, when the two shield tunneling machines 50, 50 are separated to excavate two branched tunnels, the ground is exposed in the shield tunneling machine 50 without the partition walls, so that the portion is expensive. It becomes necessary to perform ground improvement and the like.

Further, in order to excavate one tunnel before separation, the excavating cutters 5 of both shield excavators 50, 50 are used.
As shown in FIG. 23, since the excavation ranges of 1,51 are set to partially overlap, both shield excavators 5
When 0 and 50 are separated from each other, the cross section of the excavation by the excavation cutter 51 is to agitate excess ground, as shown by hatching in FIG. 23, and it is necessary to inject cement milk or the like to reinforce in some cases. is there. Therefore, there arises a problem that the construction period and construction cost increase.

[0007] Further, since the excess ground shown by the diagonal lines is agitated, the reaction force at the time of excavation acts on the shield excavator, so that a lateral force acts on the shield excavator, or the excavated ground is agitated. Since the strength of the mountain changes, it becomes difficult to control rolling, pitching and yawing in the excavation of the shield machine.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an underground excavator capable of excavating a branch road without requiring expensive ground improvement or the like and a method of constructing a branch type shield tunnel.

[0009] Another problem is that it is possible to reduce the construction period and construction cost without excavating an extra mountainous area, injecting cement milk, etc., and to control rolling, pitching and yawing during excavation. Is to make it easier.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, one tunnel is excavated in a state where two shield machines are separably connected. In an underground excavator for excavating two tunnels so as to branch off from the one tunnel by separating the two shield machines, a cylindrical outer shell forming the outer shape of each shield machine A notch is formed in the opposing vertical wall on the rear end side, and a front tail seal and a rear tail seal are provided in portions other than the notch on the rear end, and the one When excavating a tunnel, the rear tail seal seals between the first segment having a shape conforming to the shape of the one tunnel, and when excavating the two tunnels, seals between the first segment. Seal with the rear tail seal In this state, each notch is closed with a closing plate, and a closing plate-side front tail seal provided on the closing plate and the front tail seal are annularly connected to each other. And an underground excavator set to seal between a second segment having a shape adapted to the shape of the two tunnels.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, both outer shells of the two shield machines are detachably connected by being attached to a joint member. Features.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, in the shield machine, a support portion is provided in the outer shell portion, and a propulsion direction of the shield machine is provided in front of the support portion. And a cutter frame extending in a direction perpendicular to the cutter frame is rotatably disposed via a parallel crank mechanism, and a plurality of bits are disposed on a front surface of the cutter frame.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, one tunnel is excavated in a state where the two shield machines are connected to each other, and the two shield machines are separated from each other, so that the one tunnel can be separated. In a method for constructing a branch type shield tunnel in which two tunnels are excavated so as to be branched while assembling segments into a shape suitable for each tunnel, a cylindrical outer shell forming an outer shape of each shield machine is provided. A notch is formed in the opposite vertical wall on the rear end side, and a front tail seal and a rear tail seal are provided in portions other than the notch on the rear end, and the rear tail is provided. Excavation of the one tunnel is performed by sealing with a first segment having a shape adapted to the shape of the one tunnel, and the rear tail seal is used to seal between the first segment and the first segment. In this state, each notch is closed with a closing plate, and a closing plate-side front tail seal provided on the closing plate and the front tail seal are annularly connected to each other. With a seal,
A branch that seals between each second segment having a shape adapted to the shape of each of the two tunnels, separates the two shield machines, and branches and excavates the two tunnels The method is characterized by a method of constructing a shield tunnel.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

[First Embodiment of the Invention] FIGS. 1 to 20 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the configuration will be described. The underground excavator 1 of this embodiment is configured so that two shield machines 2 can be separated, and for example, as shown in FIG. (One tunnel) can be divided into two subway single-track cross-section tunnels 4 (two tunnels) to form a fork.

The underground excavator 1 excavates the subway double-track cross section tunnel 3 and is configured as follows in a state where two shield machines 2 are connected.

That is, in each shield machine 2, each corner is R
The outer shell 5 has a rectangular cylindrical shape, and the outer shell 5 has a horizontal wall 5a and a vertical wall 5b. A notch 5c is formed in the opposed vertical walls 5b on the rear end sides of the outer shells 5 as shown in FIG.

In the front part of the outer shell 5, a digging portion 7 for digging the face of the tunnel 3, 4 is provided.
And a support portion 8 for rotatably supporting the support member 8.

The support portion 8 has a plate shape and is disposed in the outer shell portion 5 along the vertical direction.
Is provided with a rectangular lattice-shaped cutter frame 9 along a direction orthogonal to the excavation direction of the shield machine 2 so as to be able to move parallel to the support portion 8 via a parallel crank mechanism. A number of cutter bits 10 are arranged on the crosspiece.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the parallel crank mechanism is provided with four crank-shaped rotors 11, and the support-side shaft portions 11 a of the rotors 11 are provided with through-holes of the support portion 8. And the cutter-side shaft portion 1 of the rotor 11 offset from the support-side shaft portion 11a.
1b is rotatably inserted through the cutter frame 9, and the rotor 11 is rotated by the drive motor 12, so that the cutter frame 9 is moved in parallel.

On the other hand, behind the support portion 8, there is disposed a shear discharge device 13 constituted by a screw conveyor, and a shield jack 15 for pressing the segments 14 backward and for moving the shield machine 2 up and down. Are located. These shield jacks 15 are provided with pressing portions 15a that come into contact with the segments 14 so as to be able to advance and retreat.

Further, on the rear end side of the outer shell 5, a front tail seal 16 for sealing between the segments 14 and the outer surface and a rear tail seal 17 are provided in parallel in two rows.

The two rows of front tail seals 16 are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 3, the subway double-track cross-section tunnel 3 (one tunnel) is arranged in a portion other than the notch portion 5 c of the outer shell portion 5 and is not continuous annularly in the state of FIG. 3. When excavating, it does not perform the sealing function, but the rear tail seal 17 performs the sealing function. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the rear tail seal 17 is provided with a continuous portion 17a as compared with the front tail seal 16 and is annularly continuous in a shape along the subway double-track cross-section tunnel 3. It is set so as to seal between the segments 4 as the first segments assembled in conformity with the shape of the subway double-track cross section tunnel 3.

The two shield machines 2 are separably connected by two joint members 18 provided above and below. The joint member 18 has a substantially trapezoidal shape.
(See FIG. 5).

Next, two shield machines 2
The case where the underground excavator 1 to which the is coupled is used to excavate the subway double-track cross section tunnel 3 will be described.

At the pressing portion 15a of the shield jack 15,
By pushing the segment 14, the underground excavator 1 is advanced by this reaction force, and the cutter bit 10 is pressed against the face of the subway double-track cross section tunnel 3. At the same time, the drive motors 12 are driven synchronously to cause the cutter frame 9 to move in parallel via the rotor 11. Thereby, a large number of cutter bits 10 rotate with a predetermined radius.

After digging to a predetermined position, the pressing portion 15a of the shield jack 15 is advanced to the predetermined position. Then, at a position forward of the front tail seal 16,
In the outer shell 5, a large number of divided segments 14
, Joint segment 20 and middle pillar segment 21
Are combined into a form as shown in FIG. 11 by screwing or the like. Such a combination is referred to as a first segment. Segment 14 thus combined
.. Are pushed by the pressing portion 15a and excavated and advanced in the same manner as described above, and by repeating this, the tunnel is constructed by the segments 14 at the same time as the excavation proceeds.

In this case, by being sealed by the rear tail seal 17 and the segment 14 for the subway double-track cross-section tunnel 3 assembled as described above, soil, water, etc., collapse into the shield machine 2. There is nothing.

Next, one subway double track section tunnel 3
In order to excavate separately from two subway single-track cross-section tunnels 4, the following procedure is performed.

That is, in this branch portion, a separating middle pillar segment 22 as shown in FIGS. 12 and 14 is assembled in place of the middle pillar segment 21 and moved to the position of the rear tail seal 17 by the shield jack 15. . In this state, a reliable seal is made.

Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 12, 13, and 5B, the closing plate 24 is fixed by welding P to close the notch 5c of the vertical wall 5b of the outer shell 5, and to close the notch 5c. The closing plate-side front tail seal 25 previously disposed on the closing plate 24 is connected to the front tail seal 16 provided on the outer shell portion 5 so as to be annularly continuous. During such work, the segments 14 are sealed by the rear tail seal 17, and the work can be performed without being directly exposed to the ground. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform expensive ground improvement.

Then, the bolt 19 is removed, the joint member 18 is cut off, and the combined state of the two shield machines 2 is released. The hole after removing the bolt 19 is filled for waterproofing.

Thereafter, at a position forward of the front tail seal 16 of each shield machine 2 as shown in FIG.
The segment 14 as the “second segment” for the subway single-track section tunnel 4 is combined. By pushing this backward with the pressing portion 15a of the shield jack 15,
The seal is moved to the positions of the front tail seals 16 and 25, and the separation middle pillar segment 22 and the like and the segment 14 and the like for the subway single-line cross section tunnel 4 are continuous (see FIG. 17 and the like). At the time of excavating the subway single-track cross section tunnel 4, sealing is performed by the front tail seals 16 and 25, and the rear tail seal 17 used when excavating the subway double-track cross section tunnel 3 becomes unnecessary.

Then, while excavating and propelling, the segments 14 for the subway single-track cross section 4 are sequentially combined to separate the subway double-track cross section tunnel 3 into the subway single-track cross section tunnel 4, as shown in FIG. The distance between the two subway tunnels 4 can be gradually increased. The joint member 18 is left on the ground.

At the time of such excavation, the shield bits 2 can be excavated in a rectangular cross section by moving the cutter bits 10 arranged in a quadrangle in parallel, so that the subway double-track cross section tunnel 3 is excavated. Unlike the past, there are very few parts to be dug. Accordingly, even when excavating the subway single-track cross section tunnel 4 by separating the two shield machines 2, there is no need to inject cement milk or the like to reinforce the excavation section because there is no need to agitate excess ground. Does not become an uneven cross section, so that the reaction force at the time of excavation does not act in the lateral direction of the shield machine 2 and the rolling, pitching and yawing can be easily controlled.

[Second Embodiment of the Invention] FIG. 21 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the second embodiment, a rear tail seal 1 is provided.
7 is attached to a tail plate 27, and this tail plate 27 is attached to the rear end of the outer shell 5 with bolts 28.

When the tunnel 4 is excavated after the shield machine 2 has been separated, the bolt 28 can be removed and the tail plate 27 can be slid rearward and left in the ground. Of course, you can also pull without leaving.

In each of the above embodiments, the cutter frame is rotated by the parallel crank mechanism. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the cutter frame may have another configuration.

[0041]

As described above, according to the invention described in the claims, when excavating one tunnel, the first segment having a shape adapted to the shape of one tunnel is formed by the rear tail seal. When excavating the two tunnels, the notch is closed with the closing plate while the first segment and the rear tail seal are sealed, and the front of the closing plate provided on the closing plate is closed. Since the tail seal and the front tail seal are connected in a ring shape, and each tail seal seals between the second segment of the shape adapted to the shape of the two tunnels, expensive ground improvement etc. is required It is possible to excavate a fork without a bridge.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described effects, the two outer shell portions of the two shield machines are attached to the joint member so as to be separably connected, so that the two shield machines can be separated from each other. Can be easily performed.

According to the invention described in claim 3, according to claim 1
In addition to the effect of the shield machine, the support part is provided in the outer shell part, and the cutter frame along the direction orthogonal to the propulsion direction of the shield machine rotates multiple bits through the parallel crank mechanism on the front side of the support part. Exercise eliminates the need to excavate extra mountainous land, does not require the injection of cement milk, etc., reduces the construction period and cost, and makes it easy to control rolling, pitching and yawing during excavation. It has the practically useful effect of being able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the underground excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the underground excavator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 1 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of a connection portion of the two shield machines according to the first embodiment, where (a) shows a state where a closing plate is not attached, and (b) shows a state where a closing plate is attached. Show.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a rear tail seal disposition portion where the separation middle pillar segment according to the first embodiment is disposed.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 6 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 6 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 and illustrating an excavation state of the subway double-track cross-section tunnel according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 9 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line GG of FIG. 9 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 and showing a state in which the notch is closed by the closing plate according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line HH in FIG. 12 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 12 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 in a state where a branch portion according to the first embodiment is excavated.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along the line JJ of FIG. 15 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along the line KK of FIG. 16 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a horizontal sectional view showing a subway double-track cross section tunnel and a branched subway single-track cross section tunnel according to Embodiment 1.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the single-track subway tunnel according to the first embodiment, in which (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line LL of FIG. 18 and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line MM of (a). It is sectional drawing.

20 is a cross-sectional view of the double-track subway tunnel according to the first embodiment, where (a) is a cross-sectional view along the line NN of FIG. 18, and (b) is a cross-sectional view along the PP line of (a). It is sectional drawing.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 7 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a front view showing a conventional example in a state where a pair of shield propulsion units is connected.

FIG. 23 is a front view of the conventional example in which a pair of shield propulsion units is separated.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Underground excavator 2 Shield machine 3 Subway double track cross section tunnel (1 tunnel) 4 Subway single track cross section tunnel (2 tunnels) 5 Outer shell part 5b Vertical wall 5c Notch part 7 Drilling part 8 Support part 9 Cutter frame 10 Roller bit 14 Segment 16 Front tail seal 17 Rear tail seal 18 Joint member 20 Joint segment 21 Middle pillar segment 22 Separation middle pillar segment 24 Closing plate 25 Closing plate side front tail seal

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Takayoshi Hamada 1-24-4 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Taitoyo Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel is excavated in a state where two shield machines are separably connected to each other, and the two shield machines are separated from each other so as to branch off from the one tunnel. In an underground excavator that excavates two tunnels, a cylindrical outer shell that forms an outer shape of each shield machine includes:
A notch is formed in the opposite vertical wall on the rear end side,
A front tail seal and a rear tail seal are provided at a portion other than the notch at the rear end, and when excavating the one tunnel, the rear tail seal is adapted to the shape of the one tunnel. When the two tunnels are excavated, the notch is closed with a closing plate while excavating the two tunnels while the space between the first segment and the first segment is sealed with the rear tail seal. A closing plate-side front tail seal provided on the closing plate and the front tail seal are annularly continuous, and each tail seal has a second segment having a shape adapted to the shape of the two tunnels. An underground excavator characterized by being set so as to seal between the underground excavator. 2. The underground excavator according to claim 1, wherein both outer shells of the two shield machines are separably connected by being attached to a joint member. 3. The shield machine is provided with a support portion in the outer shell portion, and a cutter frame along a direction orthogonal to a propulsion direction of the shield machine is rotated in front of the support portion via a parallel crank mechanism. The underground excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of bits are disposed freely, and a plurality of bits are disposed on a front surface of the cutter frame. 4. In a state where two shield machines are connected, 1
By excavating two tunnels and separating the two shield machines, two tunnels are excavated so as to branch off from the one tunnel, and at the same time assembling segments into a shape suitable for each tunnel. In the method for constructing a branch type shield tunnel to be propelled, the cylindrical outer shell forming the outer shape of each shield machine includes:
A notch is formed in the opposite vertical wall on the rear end side,
A front tail seal and a rear tail seal are provided at portions other than the notch at the rear end, and the rear tail seal is used to seal between the first segment having a shape adapted to the shape of the one tunnel. While excavating the one tunnel, the notch is closed with a closing plate while the space between the tunnel and the first segment is sealed with the rear tail seal, and the closing provided on the closing plate. A plate-side front tail seal and the front tail seal are annularly continuous, and each tail seal seals between each second segment having a shape adapted to the shape of each of the two tunnels; A method of constructing a branch-type shield tunnel, characterized in that the two shield machines are separated and the two tunnels are branched and excavated.