JP3120067B2 - Underground excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underground excavator, and more particularly, to an underground excavator for excavating tunnels having different cross sections during the excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A so-called parent-child shield has been developed in order to excavate tunnels having different cross-sections during excavation.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a conventional parent-child shield, and FIG. 11 is a vertical side view of FIG.

The conventional parent-child shield 1 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 comprises a parent shield outer cylinder 2 and a parent hood plate 3.
, A parent tail plate 4, a parent partition 5, a parent shield inner cylinder 6, a reaction force receiver 7, a child hood plate 8 having a rear end plate 9, a child partition 10 and a child having a rear end plate 12. A shield front part 11, a child shield fixing member 13, a cutter driving device 14 which is also used as a parent shield and a child shield, a cutter 17 which is also used as a parent shield and a child shield, a discharging device 25, and a parent propulsion Jack 26, parent tail seal 27 provided on parent tail plate 4, parent segment 2
8, a child shield steel shell member (not shown), a child tail seal (not shown) provided at the rear end of the child shield steel shell member, and a child segment (not shown). I have.

The cutter driving device 14 includes a driving motor 1
5 and a drive shaft 16 connected thereto.

The cutter 17 includes a boss 18 provided at the front end of the drive shaft 16, a center cutter 19 provided at the front of the boss 18, and a plurality of cutters 17 fixed around the boss 18 at predetermined intervals. It is configured to include a book spokes 20, slide spokes 21 slidably mounted on each of the spoke spokes 20, and a number of cutter bits 22 planted on the front surface of each slide spoke 21. Note that a plurality of stirring blades 23 are attached to the rear surface of each slide spoke 21.

[0007] The parent food plate 3, the parent partition 5,
A parent chamber 24 is formed in a space surrounded by the secondary partition 10 and the cutter 17.

In this parent-child shield 1, the excavation center of the parent shield is the same as the excavation center of the child shield.
10 and 11, the parent and child excavation center is indicated by reference numeral 29.

When the whole parent-child shield 1 is dug, the child hood plate 8 is stored between the parent shield inner cylinder 6 and the child shield front part 11, as shown in FIG. Child shield fixing member 1 between shield front part 11
3 and the child shield fixing member 13 and the reaction force receiver 7
The rear end plate 9 of the child hood plate 8 is sandwiched between the child hood plate 8, the child shield front part 11, the child shield fixing member 13, and the reaction force receiver 7.
Is fixed to the steel shell member side of the parent shield so that the child hood plate 8 and the child shield front part 11 do not come out of the parent chamber 24.

Further, the cutter pork 20 of the cutter 17 is used.
, The slide spokes 21 are slid along, and each slide spoke 21 is adjusted according to the large-section tunnel to be excavated, and fixed at that position.

In this state, the cutter driving device 14 is driven to apply a cutter torque to the cutter 17. On the other hand, the propulsion jack 26 is extended by applying a reaction force to the parent segment 28 to apply thrust to the cutter 17.

As described above, the ground 17 is excavated by giving the cutter 17 a cutter torque and a thrust. The excavated earth and sand is taken into the parent chamber 24, mud soil material is added to the excavated earth and sand, the mixture is stirred by the stirring blade 23, and discharged by the earth discharging device 25 while keeping the mud pressure in the parent chamber 24.

In this manner, after excavating a distance enough to assemble the next parent segment 28, the parent propulsion jack 26 is reduced, the parent segment 28 is assembled in the parent tail plate 4, and a reaction force is applied to the parent segment 28. Then, the parent-child shield 1 is propelled again.

The above operation is repeated to excavate a large-section tunnel by the parent-child shield 1.

Next, when separating and starting the child shield from the parent-child shield 1, the parent segment 28 is fixed to the parent shield, and the parent propulsion jack 26 is removed.

Further, the child shield fixing member 13 is removed,
After sliding the child hood plate 8 forward, it is fixed to the child shield front part 11 by welding or the like. Next, a child shield steel shell member and a child propulsion jack (both not shown) are fixed to the child shield front part 11 by welding or the like.

Furthermore, the cutter pork 20 of the cutter 17 is provided.
, The slide spokes 21 are contracted, the position of each slide spoke 21 is adjusted according to the tunnel having a small cross section to be excavated, and the slide spokes 21 are fixed at that position.

A child chamber (not shown) is formed in a space surrounded by the cutter 17, the child hood plate 8, and the child partition 10 reduced as described above.

After each member is set in this manner, the cutter driving device 14 is driven, the reaction force is applied to the reaction force receiver 7 to be propelled by the child propulsion jack, and the child shield is started.

Then, the ground is excavated by the cutter 17,
The excavated earth and sand is taken into the child chamber, and mud soil material is added to the excavated earth and sand in the same manner as when excavating the tunnel having the large section,
The excavated earth and sand is discharged by the discharging device 25 while stirring with the stirring blade 23 and maintaining the mud pressure in the slave chamber.

After excavating the child segment (not shown) to such an extent that the child segment (not shown) can be assembled, the child propulsion jack is reduced and the child segment is assembled in the child tail plate of the child shield steel shell member. Then, a reaction force is applied to this child segment, and the child shield is again propelled by the child propulsion jack.

The above operation is repeated to excavate the small-section tunnel by the child shield.

[0023]

In the conventional parent-child shield 1, the excavated cross section of the tunnel to be constructed is concentric in the direction of excavation. For this reason, there is a problem that the excavation center of the tunnel cannot be eccentric.

Further, there is another problem that the conventional technology can only make the cross section of the excavation circular.

Furthermore, since the parent and child shield 1 for excavating a tunnel with a large cross section and the child shield for excavating a tunnel with a small cross section also use the cutter driving device 14, it is difficult to apply a cutter torque suitable for the excavated cross section. is there.

Further, in the prior art, the outer diameter of the child shield is limited to about 70 to 80% of the outer diameter of the parent shield due to the structure in order to provide the torque required for the parent shield. You.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to allow both large-section tunnels and small-section tunnels to be vertically or horizontally eccentric.
The separation distance can be set freely, and both large-section tunnels and small-section tunnels can excavate tunnels with irregular cross-sectional shapes in addition to circular cross-sections, with cutter torque suitable for the excavated cross section and cutter rotation speed suitable for the excavated soil. An object of the present invention is to provide an underground excavator that can perform excavation and can freely set a small section tunnel to an excavation section of 70% or less of a large section tunnel.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an underground excavator capable of branching and excavating a plurality of small-section tunnels from one large-section tunnel.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an underground excavator capable of continuously excavating a plurality of tunnels having different excavation cross sections.

[0030]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, an annular eccentric multi-axis first cutter is installed outside, and inside the first cutter, an eccentric multi-axis or single-axis cutter is installed. A second cutter is installed, an independent cutter driving device is attached to each of the first cutter and the second cutter, and an independent earth discharging device can be attached to a lower portion of a partition wall of each of the first and second cutters. .

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a plurality of the second cutters are installed in parallel.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, an annular eccentric multi-axis first cutter is installed on the outside, and an annular eccentric multi-axis or annular single-axis first cutter is installed inside the first cutter. Install the second cutter, and further inside the second cutter,
An eccentric multi-axis or single-axis third cutter is installed, an independent cutter driving device is attached to each of the first cutter, the second cutter, and the third cutter, and an independent earth removal is provided below a partition wall of each cutter. The device can be attached.

[0033]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view of a parent and child shield as first and second shields during tunnel excavation, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view of FIG. FIG. 3 and FIG. 3 are longitudinal side views showing the starting state of the child shield as the second shield.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3,
A parent shield 31 as a first shield and a child shield 56 as a second shield are provided.

The parent shield 31 is made of a parent shield outer cylinder 3.
2, parent food plate 33, parent tail plate 34
, Parent partition 35, parent shield inner cylinder 36, reaction force receiver 3
7, a parent cutter driving device 38, a parent cutter 43 which is a first cutter, a parent discharge device attaching portion 49 provided below the parent partition wall 35, and a parent discharge device 51 attached thereto. , Parent propulsion jack 53 and parent tail seal 54
And a parent segment 55 and the like. In addition to these members, a mud making material injection device, an erector (both not shown) and the like are provided.

A parent shield outer cylinder 32 constituting a steel shell member of the parent shield 31, a parent hood plate 33,
In this embodiment, the parent tail plate 34 and the parent shield inner cylinder 36 are formed in a circular shape when viewed from the front.

The parent cutter driving device 38 includes a plurality of driving motors 39 arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and supported by the parent partition 35, and a driving shaft 40 connected to each driving motor 39. And a crank 41 which is a rotor connected to each drive shaft 40, and a support shaft 42 provided on each crank 41. A drive shaft 40 serving as a crankshaft and a support shaft 42 serving as a crankpin are shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the eccentric distance e is eccentric. Each of the cranks 41 is provided with a main stirring blade 46 as shown in FIG.

The parent cutter 43 is, as shown in FIG.
A cutter frame 44 formed in a circular ring shape and commonly attached to a plurality of support shafts 42 of the cutter driving device 38, and a number of cutter bits implanted on a front surface of the cutter frame 44 are provided. I have. The inner periphery 47 of the cutter frame 44 is formed in a size that does not interfere with a child cutter 66 described later. The parent cutter 43 is a circular and annular eccentric multi-axis cutter.

The parent food plate 33 and the parent partition 35
A parent chamber 48 is formed in a space surrounded by a child partition 59 described later, a parent cutter 43, and a child cutter 66 described later.

The parent earth discharging device mounting portion 49 is provided with a parent gate 50 on the earth and sand entrance side. At the time of excavation by the parent and child shield, as shown in FIG. 2, a parent and earth removal device 51 is attached to the earth and sand exit of the parent and earth removal device mounting part 49, and as shown in FIG. The lid 52 is attached and closed.

On the other hand, the child shield 56 includes a child hood plate 57 having a rear end plate 58, a child partition wall 59, and a child shield front portion 6 integrally formed therewith and having a rear end plate 61.
0, the child shield fixing member 62 and the child cutter driving device 6
3, a child cutter 66 as a second cutter, a child discharging device mounting portion 73 provided at a lower portion of the child partition wall 59, and a child discharging device 7 mounted on the child discharging device mounting portion 73.
5, a child shield rear cylinder 77 having a front end plate 78, a child tail plate 79 provided thereon, a child propulsion jack 80, a child shield starting reaction force base 81, a child tail seal 82, and a child segment 83. Etc. are equipped.

The child hood plate 57 is stored between the parent shield inner cylinder 36, the child shield front part 60, the child shield fixing member 62 and the reaction force receiver 37 during excavation by the parent and child shield, and does not enter the parent chamber 48. So that it is fixed.

The child cutter driving device 63 includes a driving motor 64 disposed at the center of the parent-child shield and supported by the child partition wall 59, and a driving shaft 65 connected thereto.

The child cutter 66 includes a boss 67 provided on the drive shaft 65 of the child cutter driving device 63, a center cutter 68 provided on the front surface of the boss 67, and a predetermined space around the boss 67. And a plurality of cutter bits 70 mounted on the front side, a number of cutter bits 70 planted on the front surface of each of the cut spokes 69, and a child stirring blade 71 mounted on the rear surface of each of the cut spokes 69. It is configured. The child cutter 66 is a circular, single-axis rotating cutter.

As shown in FIG. 3, a child chamber 72 is formed in a space surrounded by the child partition wall 59, the child hood plate 57 projected when the child shield 56 excavates, and the child cutter 66. .

A child gate 74 is provided on the earth and sand inlet side of the child earthing device mounting part 73, and when excavating with the parent and child shield, as shown in FIG.
6 is attached and closed.

The child discharging device 75 and the child shield rear cylinder 7
7, the child propulsion jack 80, the child shield starting reaction force stand 81, and the child segment 83 are provided when the child shield 56 starts or excavates.

Excavation of tunnels of different sizes by the parent-child shield, which is an underground excavator having the above configuration, is performed as follows.

First, when the parent-child shield is started, as shown in FIG.
The child hood plate 57 is stored between them. The child shield fixing member 6 is located between the child shield front part 60 and the reaction force receiver 37.
The rear end plate 58 of the child hood plate 57 is sandwiched between the child shield fixing member 62 and the reaction force receiver 37 with the intermediate member 2 interposed therebetween. Next, the three members of the child shield front part 60, the child shield fixing member 62, and the reaction force receiver 37 are fixed by welding or the like, and these members are fixed to the steel shell member of the parent shield 31, and when excavating by the parent and child shield. Child food plate 57
Is fixed so as not to enter the parent chamber 48.

Further, the child gate 74 provided in the child discharging device mounting portion 73 is closed, and a lid 76 is mounted on the earth and sand outlet of the child discharging device mounting portion 73 and closed.

In this state, the plurality of drive motors 39 of the parent cutter drive device 38 are simultaneously driven, and the respective drive shafts 40,
A parallel link motion is given to the parent cutter 43 via each crank 41 and each support shaft 42. In addition, the child cutter driving device 63
, And a single-axis rotational motion is given to the child cutter 66 via the drive shaft 65. Further, the parent propulsion jack 53 applies a reaction force to the parent segment 55 to start the parent-child shield.

As described above, when the parent cutter 43 is moved in a parallel link, the cutter bit 45 provided on the cutter frame 44 causes the ground 30 on the outer peripheral portion of the parent shield 31 to move.
To cut.

When the child cutter 66 is rotated, the ground 30 on the inner peripheral portion of the parent shield 31 is cut by the center cutter 68 and the cutter bits 70 provided on the plurality of cutter spokes 69.

The earth and sand excavated by the parent cutter 43 and the child cutter 66 are taken into the parent chamber 48, and the excavated earth and sand is added with the earth and soil material by a mud and earthen material injection device (not shown). The mixture is kneaded with the stirring blade 71 to plastically fluidize the excavated earth and sand and fill the parent chamber 48. And, while maintaining the mud pressure in the parent chamber 48,
The excavated earth and sand is discharged by the parent discharge device 51.

Next, the main propulsion jack 53 is extended,
After excavating the ground 30 to a distance where the parent segment 55 can be assembled, the parent propulsion jack 53 is reduced, and the parent segment 55 is newly assembled in the parent tail plate 34. The parent-child shield is then propelled by the parent propulsion jack 53 by applying a reaction force to the parent segment 55 again, and the parent cutter 43 and the child cutter 66 are excavated while being constantly pressed against the ground 30.

In this embodiment, the parent cutter 43 is provided with a separation distance that does not interfere with the cutter frame 44 of the parent cutter 43 and the cutter spoke 69 of the child cutter 66.
There is no need for a synchronizing device for rotating the and the cutters 66. Therefore, the parent shield 31 and the child shield 56
When excavating different ground soils, the rotation of the parent cutter 43 and the child cutter 66 can be set to a rotation speed suitable for each excavated soil. Further, the rotation directions of the parent cutter 43 and the child cutter 66 may be rotated in opposite directions.

Next, when the child shield 56 is started alone, the following procedure is performed.

That is, at the starting position of the child shield 56,
The excavation of the parent shield 31 and the child shield 56 is stopped.

Next, the parent segment 55 is connected to the parent shield 3.
1 is fixed by welding or the like, and members unnecessary for excavation by the child shield 56, such as the drive motor 39 of the parent cutter driving device 38, are dismantled and removed.

For safety, the parent gate 50 is closed, and the parent discharging device 51 is disassembled and removed from the parent discharging device mounting portion 49. As shown in FIG. Attach and close 52.

The temporary child shield fixing member 62 is removed,
The child shield front part 60 is slid backward to the vacant space in the excavation direction, brought into close contact with the reaction force receiver 37, and the child shield front part 60 and the child hood plate 57 are fixed by welding or the like. Then, at the same time as sliding backward, mud material is injected into the chamber to maintain the mud pressure at the time of stop. Thereby, the child hood plate 57 and the child partition 59
Then, a child chamber 72 is formed in a space surrounded by the child cutter 66.

Further, the child shield starting reaction force base 81 is temporarily provided, and the reaction force receiver 37 is temporarily removed. Next, the girder part and the tail part of the child shield rear body 77 are changed to the child shield front part 60.
Is formed by welding or the like to form a steel shell member of the child shield 56.

The child shield 56 is provided with a mud material injection device (not shown). The child propulsion jack 80 is attached to the steel shell member of the child shield 56, and further, an elector and a perfect circle holding device (neither is shown) are attached thereto. Further, a child tail seal 82 is attached to the child tail plate 79 of the child shield rear body 77 in advance.

Then, the lid 76 closing the earth and sand outlet of the child discharging device mounting portion 73 is removed, and the child discharging device 75 is removed.
Is attached, and the closed child gate 74 is opened.

Further, the reaction force receiver 37 temporarily removed is fixed to the parent shield 31 again.

After attaching the constituent members of the child shield 56 as described above, the driving motor 64 of the child cutter driving device 63
To give a uniaxial rotational movement to the child cutter 66 via the drive shaft 65. Further, the child propulsion jack 80 is extended by taking a reaction force to the reaction force receiver 37, and the child shield 56 is propelled and started.

As described above, when the child cutter 66 is rotated uniaxially, the child shield 56 is propelled by the child propulsion jack 80 and the child cutter 66 is pressed against the ground 30, the center cutter 68 and the cutter bit 70 of the child cutter 66 are turned. And by
The ground 30 of the child excavation cross section is cut.

The excavated earth and sand excavated by the child shield 56 is taken into the child chamber 72, and the excavated earth and sand is added to the excavated earth and sand by a mud and soil material injection device, and is kneaded with the child agitating blade 71 to be plastically fluidized. Let it fill in. Next, the excavated earth and sand is discharged by the child discharging device 75 while maintaining the mud pressure in the child chamber 72.

Further, after extending the child propulsion jack 80 and digging a distance capable of assembling the child segment 83, the child propulsion jack 80 is contracted, a new child segment 83 is assembled, and a reaction force is applied thereto to take a reaction force against the child propulsion jack 80. This causes the child shield 56 to be propelled again.

The above operation is repeated to excavate a circular small-section tunnel.

In this embodiment, the excavation center of the parent shield 31 and the excavation center of the child shield 56 are the same, and the excavation center of the parent and child shield is indicated by reference numeral 84 in FIG.

As explained above, according to the first embodiment, tunnels of different sizes can be excavated by one parent-child shield.

In the first embodiment, the parent cutter driving device 38 and the child cutter driving device 63 are installed independently of each other, so that the parent shield 31 and the child shield 56 have a cutter torque suitable for the sectional shape. You can give and excavate. In this case, the outer diameter of the child shield 56 is
It is also possible to make it 70% or less with respect to the outer diameter of 1.

Further, in the first embodiment, the parent cutter 43 is used.
The cutter frame 44 of the child cutter 66 and the cut-spoke 69 of the child cutter 66 are separated from each other so that they do not interfere with each other.
A synchronizing device for rotating the parent cutter 43 and the child cutter 66 can be omitted.

Further, in the first embodiment, the parent shield 3
When excavating different ground soils with the 1 and the child shield 56, the rotations of the parent cutter 43 and the child cutter 66 can be respectively set to the rotational speeds suitable for the excavated soil. Also, the digging can be performed by rotating the parent cutter 43 and the child cutter 66 in opposite directions.

In the first embodiment, the parent bulkhead 35 and the child bulkhead 59 are installed on substantially the same plane in the direction of excavation.
It is not always necessary to install them on the same surface.

In the first embodiment, the excavation surface of the cutter bit 70 of the child cutter 66 may be attached to the excavation surface of the cutter bit 45 of the parent cutter 43 by advancing in the excavation direction. In this way, when the tunnel is digged by the parent-child shield, the central portion can be digged in advance,
The load on the cutter bit 45 of the parent cutter 43 can be reduced. In this embodiment, when assembling the small shield, the front part of the small shield is slid rearward and joined, but after the hood part is pushed forward, it may be fixed to the front part of the small shield. it can.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of FIG.

In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a child cutter 66 as a second cutter is installed inside an annular parent cutter 86 as a first cutter.

The parent cutter 86 has a circular shape when viewed from the front, and has an inner periphery 88 eccentric with respect to an outer periphery 87.

The parent cutter 86 is mounted on a parent cutter drive device 38 constructed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Accordingly, the parent cutter 86 is an annular and eccentric multi-axis cutter, and performs parallel link movement.

The child cutter 66 has the same structure as that of the first embodiment, and is attached to the same child cutter driving device 63 as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the child cutter 66 is a single-axis rotary cutter.

Then, the child cutter 66 and the parent cutter 86
, The excavation surface is mounted on substantially the same plane, but the child excavation center 85 and the parent excavation center 89 are installed eccentrically in the vertical direction.

The parent-child shield of the second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that the parent cutter 86 excavates the ground 30 at the parent excavation center 89 and the child cutter 66 excavates the ground 30 at the child excavation center 85.
The configuration and operation are the same as in the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the excavation center 85 and the parent excavation center 89 are not necessarily eccentric in the vertical direction, but may be eccentric in the horizontal direction. Further, the eccentric distance can be set freely within a range where the cutter frame 69 of the child cutter 66 does not interfere with the cutter frame of the parent cutter 86.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a front view, and FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional side view of FIG.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the steel shell member 103 of the parent shield 31 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape having a bulge in the vertical direction, and the steel shell member 115 of the child shield 56 is formed in a rectangular shape. Is formed.

In this embodiment, the parent cutter driving device 104, the parent cutter 109 as the first cutter, the child cutter driving device 116, and the child cutter 121 as the second cutter are used.
And is equipped with.

The parent cutter driving device 104 includes a driving motor 105 disposed at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction and supported by the parent partition 35, a driving shaft 106 connected to each driving motor 105, Crank 107 connected to drive shaft 106, and support shaft 1 provided on each crank 107
08.

The parent cutter 109 is a substantially rectangular cutter frame 11 having a trapezoidal portion in the vertical direction.
0 and a number of cutter bits 11 provided on the front of the
1 is provided. And this parent cutter 1
09 denotes a plurality of support shafts 1 of the parent cutter driving device 104.
08 and is an eccentric multi-axis cutter.

Each of the cranks 107 of the parent cutter driving device 104 is provided with a parent stirring blade 112.

The child cutter driving device 116 is also provided with a plurality of drive motors 117 arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and supported by the child partition 59, and each of the drive motors 117.
, A crank 119 connected to each drive shaft 118, and a support shaft 120 provided on each crank 119.

The child cutter 121 has a rectangular cutter frame 122 and a number of cutter bits 123 provided on the front face thereof. The child cutter 121 is disposed on the inner side 114 of the parent cutter 109 and is commonly attached to a plurality of support shafts 120 of the child cutter driving device 116, and is an eccentric multi-axis cutter.

Each of the cranks 119 of the child cutter driving device 116 is provided with a child stirring blade 124.

In this embodiment, the parent cutter 109 is used.
And the child excavation center 113 of the child cutter 121 are set to be eccentric in the horizontal direction.

In the third embodiment, the parent cutter driving device 1
When the plurality of drive motors 105 are simultaneously driven, a parallel link motion is given to the parent cutter 109 through each drive shaft 106, each crank 107, and each support shaft 108. Thereby, the parent cutter 109 excavates the ground 30 near the outer periphery of the parent shield 31.

On the other hand, when a plurality of drive motors 117 of the child cutter driving device 116 are driven at the same time, in the case of the child cutter driving device 116 as well, each drive shaft 118 and each crank 1
A parallel link motion is applied to the child cutter 121 through the support shafts 19 and the support shafts 120. Accordingly, the child cutter 121 excavates the ground 30 near the center of the parent-child shield, that is, near the outer periphery of the child shield 56.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, a tunnel having a substantially rectangular cross section can be excavated by excavating with the parent-child shield, and a tunnel having a small cross section can be excavated by excavating with the child shield 56. Tunnels can be excavated.

In general, when an eccentric multi-axis mechanism is used for the cutter driving device, the cutter torque can be reduced as compared with the case where a single-axis rotating mechanism is used, and the wear of the cutter bit can be reduced.

Therefore, in the third embodiment, since the eccentric multi-axis mechanism is adopted for each of the parent cutter driving device 104 and the child cutter driving device 116, the wear of the cutter bit can be reduced. Both 121 are advantageous for long-distance excavation.

In this embodiment, the present invention can be applied to excavation of a cross section other than a rectangular cross section.

The parent excavation center 113 and the child excavation center 12
The eccentric direction of 5 is not limited to the horizontal direction, but may be a vertical direction. Further, the parent excavation center 113 and the child excavation center 125
Can be set freely.

The other structure and operation of the third embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the method of separating and starting the child shield 56 is also the same as that of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the steel shell member 126 of the parent shield 31, which is the first shield, has a shape in which a substantially rectangular portion having a bulge in the vertical direction is provided in two rows in the horizontal direction. Is formed. In the parent shield 31,
First and second child shields 138 and 13 as second shields
9 are installed in parallel.

The parent shield 31 includes a parent cutter driving device 127, a parent cutter 131 as a first cutter, and parent discharge devices 136 and 137 provided below the partition wall.

The parent cutter driving device 127 includes a plurality of driving motors (not shown) arranged at a predetermined interval from each other and supported by the parent partition 35, and a driving shaft 128 connected to each driving motor. , A crank 129 connected to each drive shaft 128, and a support shaft 130 provided on each crank 129.

The parent cutter 131 has a cutter frame 132 formed by connecting rectangular portions in two rows in the horizontal direction, and a number of cutter bits 133 provided on the cutter frame 132. The parent cutter 131 is commonly attached to a plurality of support shafts 130 of the parent cutter driving device 127, and is an eccentric multi-axis cutter. Further, the parent cutter 131 is provided with two inner spaces 134 and 135.

The earth discharging devices 136 and 137 are installed at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction.

The first and second child shields 138, 139
Are installed at a predetermined interval from each other in the horizontal direction, and are incorporated in the parent shield 31 so as to be separable and startable. These first and second child shields 138 and 139 include a steel shell member 140, a child cutter driving device 141,
A child cutter 145 as a second cutter, and a child discharging device 148.
And is equipped with.

The first and second child shields 138, 139
Is formed in a rectangular shape.

The child cutter driving device 141 is provided with a plurality of driving motors (not shown) which are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and are supported by the child partition walls, and the driving motors connected to the respective driving motors. It is configured to include a shaft 142, a crank 143 connected to each drive shaft 142, and a support shaft 144 provided on each crank 143.

The child cutter 145 includes a cutter frame 146 formed in a rectangular shape, and a plurality of cutter bits 147 implanted on the front surface thereof. And these child cutters 145 are the parent cutter 1
31 are disposed on the inner sides 134 and 135 formed in
And a plurality of support shafts 14 of the child cutter driving device 141.
4 are attached in common. Therefore, each child cutter 145 is an eccentric multi-axis cutter.

The child discharging device 148 includes the first and second
One unit is installed in each of the child shields 138 and 139.

The other structure of the parent shield 31 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Other configurations of the first and second child shields 138 and 139 are the same as those of the third embodiment.

In the fourth embodiment, the parent shield 3 is used.
By excavating with the first and first and second child shields 138 and 139, a tunnel having a substantially rectangular cross section that is long in the horizontal direction and a large cross section can be excavated.

During the tunnel excavation, the first child shield 138 and the second child shield 139 are connected to the parent shield 31.
By separating and starting from the tunnel, two tunnels with a small cross section and a rectangular cross section can be excavated in parallel.

The first and second child shields 138, 13
The method of separating and starting 9 is the same as the method of separating and starting the child shield 56 of the first embodiment.

In the fourth embodiment, the child shields are
The number is not limited to the second child shields 138 and 139, and may be three or more.

Further, the parent shield and the child shield are not limited to rectangular shapes, but may have other cross-sectional shapes.

Further, the child shield is not limited to the case where the child shields are installed in parallel in the horizontal direction, and may be installed in a vertical direction or eccentrically in the horizontal and vertical directions depending on the specification.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the parent shield 151 as the first shield, the child shield 162 as the second shield, and the grandchild shield 17 as the third shield
3 is provided.

The parent shield 151 includes a steel shell member 152.
And a parent cutter driving device 153, a parent cutter 157 as a first cutter, and a parent soil discharging device 16 provided at a lower portion of the partition wall.
Equipped with one.

The steel shell member 152 of the parent shield 151
Is formed in a circular cross section.

The parent cutter driving device 153 includes a plurality of driving motors (not shown) which are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and are supported by the parent partition, and a driving motor connected to each driving motor. It is configured to include a shaft 154, a crank 155 connected to each drive shaft 154, and a support shaft 156 provided on each crank 155.

The parent cutter 157 has a cutter frame 158 formed in a circular and annular shape, and a number of cutter bits 159 implanted on the front surface thereof. The parent cutter 157 is connected to the parent cutter driving device 15.
3 is an annular eccentric multi-axis cutter attached to a plurality of support shafts 156.

The other structure of the parent shield 151 is the same as that of the parent shield 31 in the first embodiment.

The child shield 162 includes a steel shell member 163.
, A child cutter driving device 164, a child cutter 168 as a second cutter, and a child discharging device 17 provided at a lower portion of the partition wall
2 is provided.

The steel shell member 163 of the child shield 162
Are also formed in a circular cross section.

The child cutter driving device 164 is also provided with a plurality of driving motors (not shown) arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and supported by the child partition, and a driving shaft connected to each driving motor. 165, a crank 166 connected to each drive shaft 165, and a support shaft 167 provided on each crank 166.

The child cutter 168 also includes a cutter frame 169 formed in a circular and annular shape, and a number of cutter bits 170 implanted on the front surface thereof. The child cutter 168 is disposed on the inner side 160 of the parent cutter 157, and is commonly attached to a plurality of support shafts 167 of the child cutter driving device 164. Therefore, the child cutter 168 is also an annular eccentric multi-axis cutter.

The other structure of the child shield 162 is the same as that of the parent shield 31 in the first embodiment.

The grandchild shield 173 includes a steel shell member 174.
A grandchild cutter driving device 175, a grandchild cutter 177 which is a third cutter, and a grandchild discharging device 18 provided below the partition wall
2 is provided.

The steel shell member 174 of the grandchild shield 173
Are also formed in a circular cross section.

The grandchild cutter driving device 175 has a driving motor 176 which is disposed substantially at the center of the grandchild shield 173 and is supported by a grandchild partition, and a driving shaft (not shown) connected thereto. It is configured.

The grandchild cutter 177 is provided with a boss 178 provided at the front end of the driving shaft of the grandchild cutter driving device 175.
And a center cutter 1 provided on the front surface of the boss 178.
79, a plurality of cutter spokes 180 fixed at predetermined intervals around the boss 178, and a plurality of cutter bits 1 provided on the front face of each cutter spoke 180.
81. The grandchild cutter 177 is disposed on the inner side 171 of the child cutter 168 and is attached to a single drive shaft of the grandchild cutter driving device 175, and is a single-axis rotary cutter.

The other structure of the grandchild shield 173 is the same as that of the child shield 56 in the first embodiment.

In the fifth embodiment, the parent, child, and grandchild shields 151, 162, and 173 are started, and the tunnel having the largest circular cross section can be excavated by excavating the ground.

Next, during excavation, the child and grandchild shield 162,
By launching 173 and excavating the ground, a tunnel with a circular cross section and the next largest cross section can be excavated.

Next, by separating and starting the grandchild shield 173 from the child shield 162 and excavating the ground, a tunnel having the smallest circular cross section can be excavated.

Therefore, according to the fifth embodiment, three tunnels having different sizes can be continuously excavated.

In the fifth embodiment, it is possible to excavate tunnels of four or more different sizes as required.

The parent, child, grandchild shields 151, 16
Both 2173 are not limited to tunnels having a circular cross section, and may be configured to excavate tunnels having an irregular cross section. Alternatively, tunnels having a circular cross section and a tunnel having an irregular cross section may be excavated.

[0146]

As described above, in the present invention, an annular eccentric multi-axis first cutter is installed outside, and an eccentric multi-axis or single-axis second cutter is installed inside the first cutter. An independent cutter driving device is attached to each of the first cutter and the second cutter, and an independent discharging device can be attached to a lower portion of the partition wall of the first and second cutters. There is an effect that the small-section tunnel can be excavated by being eccentric in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, and the separation distance between the first cutter and the second cutter can be freely set. Both the large-section tunnel and the small-section tunnel have a circular section. In addition, there is an effect that tunnels with different cross-sectional shapes can be excavated, and that large-section tunnels and small-section tunnels can also be excavated with appropriate cutter torque and at a cutter rotation speed suitable for the excavated soil type. Ri, a small section tunnel for large cross-section tunnels, and set to 70% or less in size, even if the excavation can effectively have.

In the present invention, since a plurality of second cutters are installed in parallel inside the first cutter, there is an effect that a plurality of small-section tunnels can be diverged from one large-section tunnel. is there.

Further, in the present invention, an annular eccentric multi-axis first cutter is installed on the outside, an annular eccentric multi-axis or annular single-axis second cutter is installed on the inside, and further on the inside. An eccentric multi-axis or single-axis third cutter is installed, an independent cutter driving device is attached to each of the first, second and third cutters, and an independent earth removal device is provided below a partition wall of each cutter. Because it is possible to attach three tunnels, there is an effect that three tunnels having different sizes can be continuously excavated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a state in which a small-section shield is started after excavation of a large-section tunnel in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional side view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a conventional parent-child shield.

FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional side view of FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 31 Parent Shield as First Shield 38 Parent Cutter Driving Device 43 Parent Cutter as First Cutter 47 Inside of Parent Cutter 56 Child Shield as Second Shield 63 Child Cutter Driving Device 66 Child Cutter as Second Cutter 86 First Parent cutter as cutter 104 Parent cutter driving device 109 Parent cutter as first cutter 114 Inside of parent cutter 116 Child cutter driving device 121 Child cutter as second cutter 127 Parent cutter driving device 131 Parent cutter as first cutter 134 Inside of the parent cutter 138, 139 First and second child shields 141 Child cutter driving device 145 Child cutter which is the second cutter 151 Parent shield which is the first shield 153 Parent cutter driving device 157 Parent cutter which is the first cutter 160 Parent Inside the cutter 162 Child shield 164 as the second shield 164 Child cutter driving device 168 Child cutter which is the second cutter 171 Inside of child cutter 173 Grandchild shield which is the third shield 175 Grandchild cutter driving device 177 Grandchild cutter which is the third cutter

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-10-37660 (JP, A) JP-A-2000-2077 (JP, A) Patent 2948211 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. . ^7, DB name) E21D 9/06 301

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An annular eccentric multi-axis first cutter is installed on the outside, and an eccentric multi-axis or single-axis second cutter is installed inside the first cutter. An underground excavator, wherein independent cutter driving devices are attached to the cutter, and independent earth discharging devices can be attached to lower portions of the partition walls of the first and second cutters. 2. The underground excavator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said second cutters are installed in parallel. 3. An annular eccentric multi-axis first cutter is installed outside, and an annular eccentric multi-axis or annular single-axis second cutter is installed inside the first cutter. Install an eccentric multi-axis or single-axis third cutter inside the cutter,
Underground excavation characterized in that independent cutter driving devices are attached to the first cutter, the second cutter and the third cutter, respectively, and independent earth discharging devices can be attached to the lower portion of the partition wall of each cutter. Machine.