JPH11100912A - Ventilation structure in wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent condensation resulting from waterdrops or powdery snow in a wall by covering the outlet/inlet of an air passage formed between an external wall panel and a wall structural body, with a windproof moisture- permeable sheet. SOLUTION: A ceiling beam 23 and a floor beam 22 are provided almost parallelly at the upper and lower positions and an internal wall panel 4 or a wall substrate member is fitted between these beams 22, 23. In this wall structural body 3, the external wall panel 5 is fitted to the wall structural body 3 with a slight distance from each other to form an air passage 61. Windproof moisture-permeable sheets 7, 7 made of nonwoven cloth or the like are fitted between the external wall panel 5 and the ceiling beam 23 and also between the external wall panel 5 and the floor beam 22, to cover the outlet/inlet of the air passage 61. Accordingly, waterdrops or powdery snow are prevented from entering the air passage 61 and hence, condensation in the wall is prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an in-wall ventilation structure in which an air flow passage is formed between a structure and an outer wall panel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an air flow passage is provided in a wall to prevent moisture passing through the air flow passage from discharging moisture in the wall to prevent dew condensation in the wall, or to be heated by solar radiation. Heat is discharged from the outer wall to prevent the inside of the room from becoming hot, thereby improving the livability and reducing the energy used for cooling. For example, a structure described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-72936 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 1) is known as an in-wall ventilation structure in which an air flow passage is formed between an outer wall panel and a wall base material. .

[0003] The in-wall ventilation structure in which the air flow passage is formed is such that an outer wall panel is mounted on a wall base material via a connecting piece, and between the wall base material and the outer wall panel. An air flow passage substantially equal to the thickness of the connection piece is formed.

A wall ventilation structure in which an air flow passage is formed between an outer wall panel and an inner wall panel is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
A structure described in Japanese Patent No. 42260 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 2) is known. In the wall ventilation structure in which the air flow passage is formed, a heat insulating material made of glass wool is inserted between the inner wall panel and the outer wall panel, and a convex spacer is provided on the indoor side surface of the outer wall panel. An air passage is formed by pressing the heat insulating material with a convex spacer. Windproof and moisture-permeable sheets are attached to the indoor and outdoor sides of the heat insulating material.

[0005]

However, in the in-wall ventilation structure described in the prior art 1, when the wind blows strongly on a rainy or snowy day, water droplets or powdered snow blows into the air flow passage, and this water droplet The powder snow adheres around the air flow passages, preventing the purpose of preventing dew condensation inside the wall, and this moisture seeps into the wall base material, dampening the heat insulating material attached inside the wall base material. Therefore, there is a problem that heat insulation performance is reduced.

In Conventional Example 2, in order to solve such a problem, the heat insulating material is covered with a windproof and moisture permeable sheet. However, many windproof and moisture permeable sheets are required to cover the entire heat insulating material, and the cost is high. Problem. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive in-wall ventilation structure in which water droplets, powdery snow and the like do not enter the air flow passage.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above object. According to the first aspect of the present invention, an air flow passage is formed between a wall structure and an outer wall panel. In the in-wall ventilation structure, the entrance and exit of the air flow passage are covered with a windproof and moisture permeable sheet.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the in-wall ventilation structure in which an air flow passage is formed between the wall structure and the outer wall panel, the wall structure is such that a ceiling beam and a floor beam are substantially parallel to each other vertically. And an inner wall panel or a wall base material is mounted between the ceiling beam and the floor beam. The outer wall panel is mounted at a distance from the wall structure to form an air flow passage, and the outer wall is formed. The entrance and exit of the airflow passage are covered with a windproof moisture-permeable sheet attached between the panel and the ceiling beam, and a windproof moisture-permeable sheet attached between the outer wall panel and the floor beam.

The invention described in claim 3 is the first or second invention.
The windproof and moisture-permeable sheet in the described invention is a nonwoven fabric.

[0010] The windproof and moisture-permeable sheet used in the first and second aspects of the present invention is a sheet through which air and moisture pass little by little even when the wind blows strongly. There are a foam sheet, a sheet in which fibers are laminated in a sheet shape, and the like. In particular, a non-woven fabric is preferable. In addition, it is preferable to provide an adhesive on one surface of the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet, since it becomes easy to attach.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the outer wall panel is attached to the structure slightly apart from the structure to form the air flow passage, but there are various means for forming the air flow passage. For example, an outer wall panel may be attached via a connecting piece as described in Conventional Example 1 to form an air flow passage substantially equal to the thickness of this connecting piece, or a convex shape may be formed as described in Conventional Example 2. Spacers may be provided on the outer wall panel or structure. Further, an air distribution panel having an air flow passage may be attached between the outer wall panel and the structure.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the entrance and exit of the air flow passage are covered with the windproof and moisture permeable sheet,
Even if the wind blows strongly on a rainy day or a snowy day, and water drops and powder snow blow against the entrance and exit of the airflow passage along with the wind, only a small amount of air will enter the airflow passage through the windproof moisture-permeable sheet. Not enter
Therefore, even if the wind stalls and water drops or powdered snow falls down in front of the airflow passage, or if waterdrops or powdered snow collides with the windproof moisture-permeable sheet, it is blocked by the windproof moisture-permeable sheet and enters the airflow passage. Do not fit.

Then, the wind gradually enters the air flow passage through the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet, and the moisture also passes therethrough, so that the air passing through the air flow passage exhausts the moisture in the wall and enters the wall. No condensation occurs. Also, the air passing through the air flow passage prevents heat from the outer wall heated by the solar radiation and prevents the room from becoming hot, so that the comfort is improved and the energy used for cooling is reduced. . In addition, since only the entrance and exit of the airflow passage need to be covered with the windproof moisture-permeable sheet, the amount of the windproof moisture-permeable sheet used is reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the wall structure, a ceiling beam and a floor beam are provided substantially vertically in parallel, and an inner wall panel or a wall base material is attached between the ceiling beam and the floor beam. Since the outer wall panel is attached to the wall structure at a slight distance from the wall structure to form an air flow passage, air passes through the air flow passage, moisture in the wall is discharged, and dew condensation occurs in the wall. Does not occur, and the heat heated by the solar radiation is discharged, so that the room does not become hot and energy used for cooling is reduced.

Moreover, the entrance and exit of the airflow passage are covered with a windproof and moisture permeable sheet attached between the outer wall panel and the ceiling beam and a windproof and moisture permeable sheet attached between the outer wall panel and the floor beam. Therefore, even when the wind blows strongly on a rainy day or a snowy day and water droplets and powdered snow blow against the doorway of the air flow passage together with the wind in the same manner as in the first aspect of the present invention, it passes through the windproof moisture-permeable sheet. The air stuck in the air flow passage little by little, causing the wind to stall, causing water droplets and powder to fall down, and water droplets and powder to enter the air flow passage, being blocked by the windproof and breathable sheet. Absent. Also, since only the entrance and exit of the airflow passage need be covered with the windproof and moisture permeable sheet, the amount of the windproof and moisture permeable sheet used is reduced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the windproof and moisture permeable sheet is a nonwoven fabric having the best performance, the effects of the first and second aspects are sufficiently exhibited. In other words, even if the wind blows strongly on a rainy day or a snowy day, and water drops or powdered snow blows along with the wind at the entrance of the air flow passage, it does not enter the air flow passage. In addition, the air passes through the air flow passage and the moisture inside the wall is exhausted, and no dew condensation occurs inside the wall.The heat heated by the solar radiation is exhausted and the room does not become high temperature, and it is used for cooling. Energy is reduced. Also, since only the entrance and exit of the airflow passage need be covered with the windproof and moisture permeable sheet, the amount of the windproof and moisture permeable sheet used is reduced.

[0017]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. 1 to 7 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a unit building. FIG. 1A is a sectional view of a wall portion of the unit building, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. , (C) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion B of (a), FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion C of FIG. 1 (b), and FIG. 3 is a skeleton of a building unit. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an outer wall panel, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an inner wall panel, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an air distribution panel, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a building unit is assembled. is there.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a unit building. As shown in FIG. 7, the unit building 1 is composed of a plurality of building units 2 on which a roof panel 8 is mounted, a folded roof 85 and a roof decorative material 9 are mounted. And so on. As shown in FIG. 3, the skeleton of the building unit 2 is a steel pillar 21 composed of four square pillars erected at four corners of a square, and the lower ends of the four pillars 21 are formed into four sides of a square. Connect along 4
Steel beam 22 with four U-shaped sections and four pillars 21
And four steel ceiling beams 23 having a U-shaped cross section connecting the upper ends of the steel beams along the four sides of the square.

A steel floor joist 24 having a rectangular cross section is inserted between the opposing floor joists 22, and a wooden floor joist 25 is mounted on the floor joist 24. Is attached to a floor material 26 made of a particle board to form a floor. A wooden ceiling edge 27 is attached to the opposing ceiling beam 23, and a ceiling member 28 made of a gypsum boat is attached below the ceiling edge 27 to form a ceiling. Also, a stud 31 having a U-shaped cross section is attached between the ceiling beam 23 and the floor beam 22 at the place where the wall is provided,
The inner wall panel 4 is attached to the indoor side of the stud 31,
A heat insulating material 32 made of glass wool is attached to the outdoor side surface of the inner wall panel 4, and the wall structure 3 is constituted by the ceiling beam 23, the stud 31, the inner wall panel 4, the heat insulating material 32, and the floor beam 22. ing.

Outside the wall structure 3, an air distribution panel 6 and an outer wall panel 5 are attached to form a wall. The structure of this wall will be described in more detail.
As shown in FIG. 5, the inner wall panel 4 is provided on the indoor side of a frame 43 including a wooden outer frame 41 which is framed in a rectangular shape and a wooden bar 42 mounted in the outer frame 41 from a gypsum boat. The inner wall material 44 is attached.

As shown in FIG. 4, the outer wall panel 5 has a rectangular outer frame 51 made of steel having a rectangular cross section and a steel frame having a rectangular cross section attached to the outer frame 51. An outer wall member 54 made of a hard wood chip cement plate is attached to the outdoor side of a frame 53 formed by the crosspiece 52.

The air distribution panel 6 is, as shown in FIG.
It is a plate-shaped body made of a synthetic resin having a ladder-shaped wall in cross section. A large number of air flow passages 61 are formed in the ladder in cross section. Many are provided. Reference numeral 7 denotes a windproof and moisture-permeable sheet in which a pressure-sensitive adhesive is provided on the surface of a sheet made of a nonwoven fabric.

As shown in FIG. 1, a stud 31 is attached between the ceiling beam 23 and the floor beam 22 with the opening having a U-shaped cross section facing the indoor side, and the stud 31 has a U-shaped cross section. Wooden bricks 35 are attached in places, and the inner wall panel 4 is inserted between the wooden bricks 35 of the stud 31 and the wooden bricks 35 of the adjacent stud 31, and nails are attached to the wooden bricks 35 from the inner wall material 45 via the outer frame 41. The inner wall panel 4 is driven into the stud 31
Attached to. Note that a heat insulating material 32 is attached to the inner wall panel 4 in advance.

The air distribution panel 6 is inserted between the outdoor surface of the stud 31 and the outdoor surface of the adjacent stud 31 with the opening of the air flow passage 61 up and down and the hole 62 facing the indoor side. The exterior wall panel 5 is superimposed on the outdoor side of
The outer wall panel 5 and the air distribution panel 6 are attached to the stud 31 by daisy rivets driven into the outer frame 51 of the outer wall panel 5 from 1.

The wall structure is such that the inner wall panel 4 is attached between the ceiling beam 23 and the floor beam 22 provided in parallel, and the outer wall panel 5 is formed of the ceiling beam 23, the inner wall panel 4, and the floor beam 22. The upper doorway of the air flow passage 61 is closed by the windproof moisture-permeable sheet 7 attached to the outside and affixed to the ceiling beam 23 from the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 5.
The lower entrance of the airflow passage 61 is closed by the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet 7 attached to the floor covering 22 from the lower end face of the airflow passage 61.

The roof panel 8 comprises a square tubular steel frame 81, an ALC plate 82 mounted thereon, and the ALC plate 8
2 and a roof mounting bracket 83 mounted on the roof 2.
Then, the roof panel 8 is mounted on the building unit 2, a waterproof sheet 84 made of a polyvinyl chloride sheet is mounted on the roof panel 8, or a folded roof 85 is mounted on the roof mounting bracket 83. A roof is formed. Reference numeral 9 denotes a roof decorative material, which is attached around the roof panel 9.

Next, the construction method and operation of the unit building 1 will be described. At the factory, as shown in FIG.
Four pillars 21 are erected at the four corners of the square, and these four pillars 21
Is connected by four floor beams 22 along four sides of the square, and the upper ends of four pillars 21 are connected by four ceiling beams 23 along the four sides of the square. To produce a skeleton.

Next, a floor beam 24 is inserted between the opposing floor beams 22, and a floor joist 25 is mounted on the floor beam 24.
A floor material 26 is mounted on the floor joist 25 to form a floor. A ceiling edge 27 is attached to the opposing ceiling beam 23, and a ceiling material 28 is attached below the ceiling edge 27 to form a ceiling. In addition, a stud 31 is attached between the ceiling beam 23 and the floor beam 22 where the wall is provided. In addition, this stud 31
A wooden brick 35 is attached in advance to the indoor side (in the opening having a U-shaped cross section).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, a frame 43 comprising an outer frame 41 in which wood is framed in a rectangular shape and a bar 42 mounted in the outer frame 41 is manufactured. The inner wall material 44 is attached to the inner wall panel 4 to manufacture the inner wall panel 4, and the heat insulating material 32 is attached to the outdoor side of the inner wall panel 4.
As shown in FIG. 4, a steel outer frame 51 framed in a rectangular shape and a steel bar 52 mounted in the outer frame 51 are provided.
And an outer wall member 54 is attached to the outdoor side of the frame 53 to manufacture the outer wall panel 5. FIG.
As shown in FIG.
From the surface of the synthetic resin plate formed with the air flow passage 6
The air distribution panel 6 is manufactured by providing a large number of holes 62 penetrating to one.

Stud 31 attached to building unit 2
Air distribution panels 6 on the outdoor side of
The outer wall panel 5 is superimposed on the outer wall panel 5 from above with the opening of the air flow passage 61 up and down, and the hole 62 is directed toward the indoor side, and daisy rivets are inserted from the inside of the stud 31 through the air distribution panel 6 to the outer wall. The outer wall panel 5 and the air distribution panel 6 are attached to the stud 31 by driving the outer wall 51 of the panel 5.

Next, the inner wall panel 4 to which the heat insulating material 32 is attached is inserted between the wooden brick on the indoor side of the stud 31 and the wooden brick next to the stud 31, and the frame 43 is passed from above the inner wall material 44 of the inner wall panel 4. The inner wall panel 4 and the heat insulating material 32 are attached to the stud 31 by driving nails into the wooden brick. Then, the wall structure 3 including the ceiling beam 23, the studs 31, the inner wall panel 4, the heat insulating material 32, and the floor beam 22 is completed, and the outer wall panel 5 and the air circulation panel 6 are attached to the outdoor side of the wall structure 3. Can be

Next, from the upper end face of the outer wall panel 5, the ceiling beam 2
The windproof and moisture permeable sheet 7 is attached to 3 to close the upper entrance of the air flow passage 61. In addition, the floor beam 2 extends from the lower end of the outer wall panel 5.
The windproof and moisture permeable sheet 7 is attached to 2 to close the lower entrance of the air flow passage 61. Thus, the inner wall panel 4 is attached between the ceiling beam 23 and the floor beam 22 provided in parallel, and the outer wall panel 5 is attached to the ceiling beam 23, the inner wall panel 4,
The windproof and moisture-permeable sheet 7 is attached to the outside of the floor beam 22 from the upper end surface of the outer wall panel 5 to the ceiling beam 23 to close the upper entrance of the air flow passage 61 and the lower end of the outer wall panel 5. From above, the windproof moisture-permeable sheet 7 is attached to the floor beam 22, and the lower entrance of the airflow passage 61 is closed.

Further, the building unit 1 is completed by performing in-house work, out-of-house work, etc., and installing equipment furniture. A roof panel 8 is manufactured by mounting a square tubular steel frame 81 and an ALC plate 82 thereon, and mounting a roof mounting bracket 83 on the ALC plate 82. The building unit 2, the roof panel 8 and the like manufactured in this manner are transported to the construction site.

At the construction site, as shown in FIG. 7, the building unit 1 and the roof panel 8 are installed on a foundation 95 provided in advance, and a folded roof 85 is mounted on the roof panel 8, When the decorative material 9 is attached or other finishing is performed, the unit building 1 is completed.

In the unit building 1 completed in this way, since the entrance and exit of the air flow passage 61 are covered with the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet 7, the wind blows strongly on a rainy day or a snowy day, and water droplets and water drop together with the wind. Even if powder snow blows against the entrance of the air flow passage 61, only a small amount of air enters the air flow passage 61 through the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet 7, so that the wind stalls and the air flow passage Even if the water droplets or powdered snow falls down before the air flow, or if the water droplets or powdered snow collides with the wind-proof and moisture-permeable sheet 7, they are blocked by the wind-proof and moisture-proof sheet and do not enter the airflow passage 61.

Accordingly, water droplets, powdery snow, and the like do not adhere to the wall around the air flow passage 61, so that dew condensation due to the waterdrops, powdery snow, and the like does not occur in the wall, and adheres to the heat insulating material 32 to insulate. Performance does not deteriorate. Further, since the wind gradually enters through the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet 7 and allows moisture to pass through, the moisture in the wall is discharged through the holes 62 by the air passing through the air flow passage 61 and is discharged into the wall. No condensation occurs. In addition, the air passing through the air flow passage 61 prevents heat from the outer wall material 54 heated by the solar radiation and prevents the room from becoming hot, so that the comfort is improved.
Less energy is used for cooling. Moreover, since only the entrance and exit of the air flow passage 61 need be covered with the windproof and moisture permeable sheet 7, the amount of the windproof and moisture permeable sheet 7 used is small and the cost is low.

[0037]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the entrance and exit of the air flow passage are covered with the windproof and moisture permeable sheet, the wind blows strongly on a rainy day or a snowy day, and water droplets and powdered snow fall with the wind. Even if it blows against the entrance of the flow passage, it does not enter the air flow passage. Therefore, water droplets and powdered snow do not adhere to the wall around the air flow passage, no dew condensation occurs due to the water droplets or powdered snow inside the wall, and the heat insulating performance is deteriorated due to the adhesion to the heat insulating material. There is no.

Further, since the wind gradually passes through the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet and allows moisture to pass through, the moisture passing through the air flow passage exhausts the moisture in the wall and does not cause condensation in the wall. . Also, the air passing through the air flow passage prevents heat from the outer wall heated by the solar radiation and prevents the room from becoming high temperature, thereby improving comfort and reducing energy used for cooling. So extremely valuable. Moreover, since only the entrance and exit of the airflow passage need to be covered with the windproof and moisture permeable sheet, the amount of the windproof and moisture permeable sheet used is small, and the cost is low.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the structure is such that a ceiling beam and a floor beam are provided substantially vertically in parallel, and an inner wall panel or a wall base material is attached between the ceiling beam and the floor beam. Since the outer wall panel is mounted at a slight distance from the structure to form an air flow passage, air passes through the air flow passage and moisture in the wall is discharged to prevent dew condensation in the wall. This is extremely valuable because the heat generated by the solar radiation is not discharged and the room does not become hot, and the energy used for cooling is reduced.

Moreover, the entrance and exit of the airflow passage are covered with the windproof and moisture permeable sheet attached between the outer wall panel and the ceiling beam and the windproof and moisture permeable sheet attached between the outer wall panel and the floor beam. Therefore, even if the wind blows strongly on a rainy day or a snowy day and water droplets and powdered snow blow against the entrance and exit of the air flow passage together with the wind in the same manner as in the first aspect of the invention, Do not fit.

Accordingly, water droplets, powdered snow, etc. do not adhere to the wall around the air flow passage, and no dew condensation occurs due to the water droplets, powdered snow, etc. in the wall. It doesn't get worse. Further, since only the entrance and exit of the airflow passage need be covered with the windproof and moisture permeable sheet, the amount of the windproof and moisture permeable sheet used is small and the cost is low.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet is a nonwoven fabric having the best performance, the effects of the first and second aspects are sufficiently exhibited, so that it is extremely effective.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a unit building, (a) is a sectional view of a wall portion of the unit building,
(B) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A of (A), (C)
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a portion B of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part C of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a skeleton of a building unit.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an outer wall panel.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an inner wall panel.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an air distribution panel.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a building unit is being assembled.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 unit building 2 building unit 21 pillar 22 floor beam 23 ceiling beam 3 wall structure 31 stud 32 heat insulating material 4 inner wall panel 5 outer wall panel 6 air circulation panel 61 air passage 62 through hole 7 windproof and moisture permeable sheet

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An in-wall ventilation structure in which an air flow passage is formed between a wall structure and an outer wall panel, wherein the entrance and exit of the air flow passage are covered with a windproof moisture-permeable sheet. Internal ventilation structure. 2. An in-wall ventilation structure in which an air flow passage is formed between a wall structure and an outer wall panel, wherein the wall structure has a ceiling beam and a floor beam provided substantially vertically in parallel with each other. An inner wall panel or wall base material is attached between the beam and the floor beam, and the outer wall panel is attached with a slight distance from the wall structure to form an air flow passage, and the outer wall panel and the ceiling beam are connected to each other. Windproof breathable sheet attached between,
A ventilation structure in a wall, wherein an entrance and an exit of an air flow passage are covered with a windproof and moisture permeable sheet attached between an outer wall panel and a floor beam. 3. The in-wall ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the windproof and moisture-permeable sheet is a nonwoven fabric.