JPH11100850A - Permanent form for building foundation and its sheathing board - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve an execution property and an external appearance by integrally laminating a decorative laminated sheet provided with vertical ribs on the surface of a sheathing board facing the outdoor within the foam resin sheathing boards. SOLUTION: A decorative laminated sheet 3 made of cement, a synthetic resin, or a metal is laminated on the surface of a plate-like body made of a foam resin such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyvinyl chloride to form a sheathing board 1a. Vertical ribs made wider in width at the tip than at the root are provided on the back face of the decorative laminated sheet 3 and are firmly buried in the foam resin plate-like body, and connection sections are provided at both side end sections and the lower end section of the sheathing board 1a. At the time of execution, rubble stones 16 and leveling concrete 17 are placed in a groove 15 provided on the ground, then a permanent form 10 constituted of the form 11 of a foundation burial section and a pair of sheathing boards 1a, 1b is provided, and the sheathing board 1a is used on the outdoor side of a building. Concrete is placed in the form 10 to construct a foundation 18. The foundation capable of being easily executed, capable of improving size accuracy, and having a decorative design property can be constructed at a low cost.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste form used as a foundation for a building such as a house, and a dam plate thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a disposable formwork for a building foundation, in which a building exterior side of a disposable formwork is formed of a foamed resin dam with a decorative plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a foundation for a building is formed by cutting a predetermined soil to form a groove for laying a foundation, arranging a formwork in this groove, and laying concrete in the formwork. And after curing,
The mold has been removed, and mortar has been applied to the hardened concrete using an iron to finish the work. However, since mortar is applied manually, there is a problem that construction cost and time are required. Further, as a concrete form, a discard form in which the form is left attached after the concrete is cast has been developed in order to save the trouble of removing and transferring the form. However, even when such a waste form is used, a lath net is stretched as necessary and further mortar finish is usually applied.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a discarding formwork which has good workability, has high dimensional accuracy, and can be constructed at a low cost with a designable foundation.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have studied to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the vertical surface of the damping plate facing the outdoors among the foaming resin damping plates facing each other across the driving space. By stacking decorative panels with reinforcing ribs in the direction and integrating them, deformation due to lateral pressure during concrete casting is suppressed, and after casting, a discard form that can be used as a decorative board as it is can be manufactured. Heading, the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention relates to a building foundation formed by laminating a decorative plate having a longitudinal reinforcing rib formed on the back surface on the front surface of a foamed resin plate so that the reinforcing rib is embedded in the foamed resin plate. Weir plate for waste formwork, and a waste formwork for arranging a weir plate at a predetermined interval at the root cutting part of the prescribed ground to form a formwork for building foundation, and casting concrete inside it In at least the building riser on the outdoor side of the foundation rising section, a decorative plate having a vertical reinforcing rib formed on the surface of the foamed resin plate on the surface of the foamed resin plate, and the reinforcing ribs embedded in the foamed resin plate. It is intended to provide a disposal form for a building foundation characterized by being constructed by using dams laminated so as to be stacked.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention resides in a waste form for forming the foundation of a building and a dam plate for forming the waste form. In the present invention, the disposal form refers to a form that is left on the surface of concrete without removing the form after the concrete is cast. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the dam board 1 for a waste formwork of the building foundation of the present invention is composed of a foamed resin plate 2 and a decorative plate 3 laminated on the surface of the plate 2. Be composed. Foamed resin plate 2
As a material of the thermoplastic resin, a thermoplastic resin such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, polyvinyl chloride, and ABS can be used. Among them, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyvinyl chloride is preferable, and particularly, foam molding using polystyrene pre-expanded beads that can be easily integrally formed with the decorative plate 3 described below is desirable.

The decorative plate 3 is provided on the surface of the foamed resin plate 2.
Are laminated. The material of the decorative board 3 is not particularly limited, and may be any material as long as it is a material suitable as an exterior material of a building. In general, a cement-based material, a synthetic resin-based material, or a metal can be used. . As the cement-based material, mortar or cement obtained by adding sand or pearlite, shirasu balloon, fly ash, or other lightweight aggregate to cement such as portland cement, blast furnace cement, or alumina cement, and pulp or rock wool can be used. And the like, to which reinforcing fibers such as, and molding aids such as methylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose are added. Synthetic resin materials include polyvinyl chloride, ABS, polyethylene, polypropylene,
Polystyrene, polycarbonate and the like can be used. Iron, aluminum, copper or the like can be used as the metal, and rust prevention treatment is performed as necessary.

[0007] Reinforcing ribs 4 and 4 are formed on the back surface of the decorative plate 3 in the longitudinal direction, and the reinforcing ribs 4 and 4 are attached to the foamed resin plate 2.
The foamed resin plate 2 and the decorative plate 3 are laminated so as to be embedded in the substrate. As shown in FIG. 1, it is desirable that the reinforcing ribs 4 and 4 of the decorative board 3 have a tip 4a of the reinforcing rib 4 wider than a root 4b thereof, in order to strengthen the connection with the foamed resin plate-like body 2. . In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, notches 5, 5 whose diameter is increased at the center of the reinforcing rib 4 can be formed. The number of the reinforcing ribs 4 and 4 is not particularly limited, and it is desirable that the reinforcing ribs 4 and 4 are formed densely.
2 to 100, preferably about 3 to 50 are provided per 0 cm width.

The decorative plate 3 having the reinforcing ribs 4 and 4 formed in the longitudinal direction is formed by extruding a plate-like body having the reinforcing ribs 4 using an extruder and cutting the plate into predetermined dimensions. Can be. The decorative board 3 having the cutouts 5 and 5 shown in FIG. 2 can be formed by extruding a plate-like body with the reinforcing ribs 4 and then drilling the cutouts 5 and 5 by secondary processing. . Further, both sides of the decorative board 3 may be cut off, but in order to protect the foamed resin plate 2, the side surfaces of the reinforcing ribs 4 c and 4 d on both sides of the decorative board 3 are formed of a foamed resin plate. It can be embedded in the foamed resin plate-like body 2 by fitting it to the side surface of the body 2 and bending its tip inward.

The barrier plate 1 for the foundation of the building according to the present invention
It is customary to form a formwork by connecting the above in the horizontal direction. Therefore, it is desirable to form a connecting mechanism at both end portions of the weir plate 1. In this case, as the connecting mechanism, as shown in FIGS. An on-and-off structure can be used.
In addition, in order to connect the dam plate 1 to a formwork forming an embedded portion of a building foundation, it is desirable to provide a connecting mechanism (not shown) such as a plywood structure or the like at the lower end.

The weir plate 1 thus obtained is assembled to form a building foundation formwork 10. As shown in FIG. 4, the formwork 10 couples the weir plates 1a, 1b with the formwork 11, 11, which forms an embedded portion of a building foundation such as a footing or a bottom plate, and opposes them at a predetermined interval. And connected by separators 12 and 12. At this time, a pair of weir plates 1a,
In FIG. 1b, the weir plate 1a on the outdoor side of the building is disposed using the weir plate 1 of the present invention so that the decorative plate 3 faces outward. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, it is desirable to interpose a joint material 13 for covering the connecting portion between the weir plates 1 and 1.
The formwork 10 can be assembled at the site, or can be brought to the site after being assembled at the factory. FIG. 5 shows a structure in which opposing dam plates 1a and 1b are connected to each other by a spacer 12 to be integrally formed. In this case, assembly on site is reduced. The opening 14 is a hole for placing concrete.

The construction of the foundation of a building using the discarded formwork 10 of the present invention can be performed as follows. As shown in FIG. 7, first, the ground on which the foundation is to be constructed is cut off to form a groove 15, a rock stone and a split stone 16 are laid under the groove 15, rolled with a rammer or the like, and then discarded concrete 17 is poured. I do. A mold 10 on which a foundation buried portion is to be formed and a pair of weir plates 1a and 1b which form a rising portion are joined to form a mold 10. In this case, the weir plate 1a on the outdoor side of the building
Uses a weir plate with a decorative plate 3 of the present invention. Concrete is poured into the assembled formwork 10 to build the foundation 18 of the building. As concrete to be cast, ordinary concrete can be used. In this case, it is common to arrange a reinforcing bar in the formwork 10 and cast concrete.

On the other hand, from the viewpoint of work efficiency, it is possible to use fiber reinforced concrete having no reinforcing step. The cement raw material used for the fiber-reinforced concrete is not particularly limited, and may be any of ordinary portland cement, early-strength portland cement, ultra-high-strength portland cement, moderate heat cement, and alumina cement. The amount of addition is not particularly limited as long as it is a normal preparation used for civil engineering and construction, and is preferably in the range of 200 to 1000 kg / m ³ .

The type and diameter of the coarse aggregate (gravel) are not particularly limited, and may be any of crushed stone, artificial lightweight coarse aggregate, iron oxide ore, and the like. Preferably, crushed stone having a diameter of 50 mm or less is good. The amount of addition is not particularly problematic as long as it is a normal mixture used for civil engineering and construction purposes, preferably 1500 kg.
/ M ³ or less. Examples of the fine aggregate (sand) include sand, silica stone, gravel, shirasu balloon, fly ash, silica fume and the like. The amount of addition is not particularly problematic as long as it is a normal mixture used for civil engineering and construction, and is preferably 1500 kg / m ³ or less. The fine aggregate ratio (sand ratio) is not particularly problematic as long as it is a normal mixture used for civil engineering and construction, and preferably 30 to 60%.

[0014] The fiber reinforced material to be mixed with the fiber reinforced concrete is not particularly limited, and usually selected from the group of carbon fiber, glass fiber, polymer fiber, steel fiber and mineral fiber is preferable. Used. Carbon fiber is a preferable material because it has features such as light weight, conductivity, and does not rust. 0.5 to 4% by volume in cement
It is about. Generally, the amount of the fiber added is 0.05% by volume or more of concrete, preferably 0.3% by volume or more.

The glass fiber is preferably an alkali-resistant glass fiber. Cement and concrete are alkaline, and it is difficult to use ordinary E-glass for FRP, glass wool for heat insulating material, and the like. The alkali-resistant glass basically contains a large amount of ZrO ₂ . The polymer fiber includes polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, vinylon fiber, aramid fiber and the like, and is generally lightweight but has low tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance.

Further, there is a material such as aramid fiber which is comparable in strength and heat resistance to metal. Steel fibers include steel and stainless steel, and are almost short fibers. The mixing ratio with cement is about 1%, but the mixing improves the tensile strength, bending strength and toughness of the concrete, and greatly improves the impact resistance, fatigue resistance and heat resistance. A disadvantage is that in the case of steel fibers, rusting contaminates the surface of the reinforced concrete. Mineral fibers include rock wool fibers (rock wool).

[0017] Carbon fibers are often used when they are particularly lightweight and require a high modulus of elasticity, and aramid fibers are often used when further impact resistance is required. Glass fibers are widely used because of their good balance between physical properties and price (cost performance). Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is used for structural materials having relatively large cross-sectional dimensions. Also, as in the case of steel fiber (trade name: Dramix) developed by Bekaert of Belgium, the diameter is 0.4 to 0.1 mm.
Those having a waveform of 8 mm, a length of 30 mm, and a length of 60 mm with both ends bent in a key shape are also used.

As the carbon fiber, preferably, a tensile strength of 300 kg / mm ² or more and an elongation of 1% or more can be used. For example, coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, coal liquefaction, polyacrylonitrile, cellulose and the like can be used as a raw material. Carbon fiber can be used. Here, the elongation is a value obtained by dividing the tensile strength of the carbon fiber by its tensile modulus.

The length of the fiber is at least one time, preferably at least two times the maximum dimension of the coarse aggregate used, and the length of the fiber is preferably at least 20 mm, preferably at least 20 mm. It is 30 mm or more. If the fiber length is less than 20 mm, the reinforcing effect is small because the critical fiber length as a composite material has not been reached. In addition, if it mixes with the fiber of 20 mm or more, you may add the fiber of less than 20 mm. The yarn diameter of the fiber is 5 to 30 μm, preferably 6 to 30 μm.
１８18 μm is used. The smaller the number of bundles of fiber strands, the more the reinforcing effect is significant. This is because the number of fiber strands borne during loading simply increases.

The type of the fiber sizing agent is not particularly limited, but preferably a material which does not easily absorb the moisture of the cement paste around the fiber strand, that is, in the matrix, when put into concrete. As an index to know it, inner diameter 9cm ± 1cm
Using a cylindrical container with an aggregate / cement ratio of 100/1
00, a water / cement ratio of 50/100 and an admixture / cement ratio of 1/100 (both in weight ratio) were put into 200 cc of cement mortar, and a stirring blade having a radius of 2 cm was placed in a 15 cm.
Rotate at 0 rpm for 1 minute, and measure the weight increase of the fiber before putting. It is preferable that the weight increase is 10 times or less. In addition, since it is different from a rod-shaped thing, it is preferable that it is twice or more. The weight was measured by taking out the fiber strand from the mortar,
This is performed after allowing to stand on a mesh of m for 1 minute.

Further, in order to reduce water absorption, it is preferable to make it difficult to open between the single yarns in the fiber strand, and for that purpose, it is desired that the sizing agent existing between the single yarns has strong adhesion. This strength is reflected in the texture of the strand, and the harder the strand, the greater the effect. As an index to measure the hardness, the strand is set to 50c with the ground level.
When only one end of the m-length fiber strand is fixed and left to stand for 1 minute or more, it is preferable that the opposite end does not hang down from its original horizontal position due to its own weight. As a specific type, those which do not use a curing agent other than water-soluble are good. For example, in the case of an epibis epoxy resin emulsion, the emulsifier amount in the emulsion is less than 15%, preferably less than 10%. Is preferred. Further, the molecular weight is preferably 800 or more.

Examples of the water reducing agent include a special surfactant containing a triazine ring-based high condensate salt as a main component, a special sulfonic group-containing carboxyl group-containing multipolymer, an anionic special polymer activator, a naphthalenesulfonic acid condensate, and ligninsulfonic acid. Or a derivative thereof, oxycarboxylic acid and the like.
The addition amount is 1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement. In addition to the dispersant and the water reducing agent, an admixture such as an antifoaming agent and a foaming agent can be appropriately added.

As the mixer for kneading the cement raw material, the fiber reinforcing material, water and other auxiliaries, all mixers which are usually used can be used. Paddle type, propeller type, paddle type, turbine type, bread type, ribbon Mold, screw type, Warner type, kneader type, biaxial type, omni type and the like can be used. In the case of a mixer having a stirring blade, the fiber reinforcing material and the cement raw material are first mixed without adding water, and then water is added and kneaded. Alternatively, raw materials other than the fiber reinforcement are kneaded with water to produce ordinary concrete, and then the fiber reinforcement is added and kneaded again. The vibrator used in the present invention may be any vibrator that can be attached to a mixer, but it is preferable to use a vibrator incorporating a high-frequency vibration motor having excellent vibration efficiency. After the concrete has been poured and hardened, a building is constructed using the foundation 19 and the pillars 20 on the foundation 18 constructed as shown in FIG.
A draining plate 21 is mounted on the upper part of the damper plate 1a, 1b while the damper plates 1a, 1b are mounted, and an outer wall material 22 is stretched on the upper part.

The straight concrete foundation for buildings of the present invention can be used for buildings in general, but is particularly suitable for houses such as detached houses and apartment houses, factories, warehouses, etc., and is suitable for buildings such as wooden structures and steel slate. The type of the plain concrete foundation for buildings of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be any of a solid foundation, a cloth foundation, and an independent foundation. further,
The present invention is also applicable when manufacturing a precast concrete foundation. According to the present invention, the footing portion and the rising portion of the cloth foundation can be integrated, and the placing operation, which has conventionally been performed in two separate steps, can be performed in one step, and is particularly suitable for the construction of the cloth foundation.

The size of the foundation is designed according to the purpose. However, there are regulations such as laws and regulations, and the size is based on the regulations. For example, in a cold region, the depth of the foundation is defined more finely in the region by the freezing depth. The dimensions of the cloth foundation section in the Kanto region are as follows:
m, width 450mm, height 520m in the center of the upper surface
With the m and the rising portion having a width of 120 mm being integrally formed, it is possible to comply with regulations. With the cloth foundation having the above dimensions, 400 mm from the top of the rising portion is left on the ground, and a portion smaller than that is buried in the ground. On the indoor side of the fabric foundation, embankment is further performed with a thickness of 50 mm.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of a weir plate of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another example of a weir plate.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views each showing a connecting mechanism of a weir plate.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a disposal mold of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the disposal formwork of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing connection of the weir plates.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the construction of a foundation.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the finish of a foundation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b Weir board 2 Foamed resin plate 3 Decorative board 4 Reinforcement rib 10 Discard mold 11 Form for burying part formation 12 Separator 18 Foundation

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A building foundation formed by laminating a decorative plate having a vertical reinforcing rib formed on the back surface thereof on the front surface of a foamed resin plate so that the reinforcing rib is embedded in the foamed resin plate. Weir plate for waste formwork. 2. The dam for a discarding formwork of a building foundation according to claim 1, further comprising a coupling mechanism at a lower portion of the weirboard with a form for forming an embedded portion of the foundation. 3. The dam for a discarded formwork of a building foundation according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting mechanism for connecting between the dams at both ends of the dam. 4. The laminated resin is formed by loading a decorative plate having a vertical reinforcing rib formed on the back surface thereof into a foaming resin molding die and molding the foaming resin. 4. A weir plate for a discarded formwork of a building foundation according to 4. 5. The dam for a discarded formwork of a building foundation according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing ribs of the decorative board are formed such that a tip end portion thereof is wider than a root portion thereof. 6. The dam for a discarding formwork of a building foundation according to claim 1, wherein the decorative board is a cement-based hardened product, or a molded product of a synthetic resin or metal. 7. The dam for a discarding formwork of a building foundation according to claim 1, wherein the foamed resin plate-like body is made of a foamed molded article of polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene or vinyl chloride. 8. The weir plate for a discarded formwork of a building foundation according to claim 7, wherein the foamed resin plate-like body is formed using pre-expanded beads of polystyrene. 9. A disposable formwork for forming a building foundation form by arranging a weir plate at a predetermined interval at a root cutting portion of a predetermined ground, and casting concrete therein. A building plate with a rising part on the outdoor side is laminated on the front surface of the foamed resin plate, and a decorative plate with vertical reinforcing ribs formed on the back surface is laminated so that the reinforcing ribs are embedded in the foamed resin plate. Disposal formwork for building foundation characterized by forming using the weir board which was done. 10. The disposal form for a building foundation according to claim 9, wherein the disposal form is formed by combining a foundation-forming part forming form and a rising part forming form.