JPH1098859A - Fan motor with two-pole to four-pole switch function and method for switching speed of the motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fan motor having two-pole to for-pole switch function without increasing no-load current (exciting current) even if a two-pole operation is switched to a four-pole operation, and a method for switching a speed of the motor. SOLUTION: Three-phase star-connected armature coils of the fan motor are equivalently divided into two halves. Terminals A, X1, X2, B, Y1, Y2, C, Z1, Z2 are provided at coil ends except start-connecting part N of the respective coils, and the coils divided into two halves are engaged with slots for symmetrical two-pole formed at three-phase four-pole at respective phases A, B and C. Further, the method for switching speeds of the motor of the above structure comprises the steps of connecting each two exciting coils A1, A2, B1, B2, and C1, C2 of the respective phases A, B and C in series in the case of two-pole drive, or inverting connections of external coils A1, B1 and C1 of the exciting coils A1, A2, B1, B2 and C1, C2 divided into two halves in the case of four-pole drive, and switching connection of powers of two-phase exciting coils.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aircraft AC / D
The present invention relates to a fan motor having a two-pole / four-pole switching function optimal for a C-converter cooling fan motor and the like, and a speed switching method for the fan motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a fan motor for cooling an AC / DC converter mounted on an aircraft, for example, a three-phase, 400
A 2-pole induction motor of 115 Hz (Hz, synchronous rotation speed: 24,000 rpm) is used. The above-mentioned motor performs forced ventilation by rotating a fan at an actual rotation speed of 21,000 rpm. However, the amount of air required at this rotation speed is only in the worst condition where the heat generation amount is maximized. 10,000 rpm is sufficient. The noise generated when the cooling fan rotates at a high speed increases. Therefore, in order to reduce the noise, it has been demanded to reduce the rotation speed at normal times rather than increasing the air volume.

In order to enable speed switching, two poles 4
An armature coil (hereinafter referred to as a coil) of a conventional three-phase induction motor having a pole switching function is, for example, shown in FIG.
It is formed in a star connection as shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, A indicates an end terminal of the A-phase coil. In the A-phase coil, a first coil Aa and a second coil Ab are connected in series, and are connected to coils of other phases at a neutral portion N. The connection between the first coil Aa and the second coil Ab An intermediate tap X is provided at the point. Similarly, B is an end terminal of a B-phase coil. The B-phase coil is composed of a first coil Ba and a second coil Bb connected in series, and a neutral portion N
Are connected to coils of other phases, and an intermediate tap Y is provided at a connection point between the first coil Ba and the second coil Bb. C is an end terminal of the C-phase coil.
And the second coil Cb are connected in series and connected to the above-mentioned A-phase and B-phase coils at the neutral portion N, and the intermediate point is provided at the connection point between the first coil Ca and the second coil Cb. A tap Z is provided. That is, the coils of each phase form a star connection.

The two-pole / four-pole switching circuit for switching the speed of the motor shown in FIG. 7 is configured as shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, FC indicates the coil shown in FIG. 7 in a comprehensive manner. Similarly, X is a middle tap of the A-phase coil, A is an end terminal of the A-phase coil, Z is a middle tap of the C-phase coil, and B is Is an end terminal of the B-phase coil, Y is an intermediate tap of the B-phase coil, and C is an end terminal of the C-phase coil. Sa to Sf denote an interlocking two-circuit switch function (referred to as a switch) that enables remote operation, such as a relay, and S0 denotes an auxiliary display switch that indicates a switch condition of the switch. That is, FIG.
Is a four-pole operation state (denoted by 4P), and when it is switched to the other side, it becomes a two-pole operation state (denoted by 2P). Also, φA is an input circuit of A phase which is a predetermined phase of the three-phase power supply, φB is an input circuit of B phase of the three-phase power supply, φ
C indicates a C-phase input circuit of the three-phase power supply.

That is, in the four-pole operating state, the intermediate tap X of the A-phase coil is connected to the power supply circuit φA, the intermediate tap Z of the C-phase coil is connected to the power supply circuit φB, and the intermediate tap Y of the B-phase coil is connected to the power supply circuit φB. The end terminal A of the A-phase coil, the end terminal B of the B-phase coil, and the end terminal C of the C-phase coil are connected to each other. In the two-pole operation state, the terminal A of the A-phase coil is connected to the power supply circuit φA.
, The end terminal B of the B-phase coil is connected to the power supply circuit φB, the end terminal C of the C-phase coil is connected to the power supply circuit φC, and the intermediate taps of each phase coil, X, Y, and Z are respectively connected. Not connected to any circuit.

The configuration of the circuit and the configuration of the magnetic poles in the above connection will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 shows a state in which each coil is connected when each switch described above is in a four-pole operation state. In the figure, the A-phase first coil Aa, the B-phase first coil Ba, and the C-phase first coil Ca are star-connected, and the A-phase second coil A is star-connected.
And the second coil Bb of phase B and the second coil Cb of phase C, and the first coil Aa of phase A
And the second coil Ab are supplied with an alternating current from the power supply circuit φA, the B-phase first coil Ba and the second coil Bb are supplied with an alternating current from the power supply circuit φC, and the C-phase first coil An alternating current is supplied to the coil Ca and the second coil Cb from the power supply circuit φB.

FIG. 10 shows a state in which the armature magnetic poles are formed in the connected state as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 shows the armature developed and taken out as representative of the A-phase from the three-phase configuration. In the figure, S1 to S4 indicate magnetic poles formed on the armature. That is, the first of the A phase
Coil Aa has a slot formed between the fourth magnetic pole S4 and the first magnetic pole S1, a first magnetic pole S1 and a second magnetic pole S2.
Between the third magnetic pole S3 and the fourth magnetic pole S4, the second magnetic pole S2, and the third magnetic pole S3. It fits between the slots formed between them. Therefore, at the timing when the current flows from the power supply circuit φA to the terminal X, the current flows as shown by the arrow in FIG. Therefore, each magnetic pole is magnetized by the current, and as shown in FIG.
The first magnetic pole S1 is an S pole, the second magnetic pole S2 is an N pole, the third magnetic pole S3 is an S pole, and the fourth magnetic pole S4 is an N pole.
According to the phase rotation of the supply current, the size of each magnetic pole changes and the polarity is inverted. The B-phase magnetic pole and the C-phase magnetic pole of this motor also function in the same manner as described above. Therefore, the magnetic poles on the armature rotate to drive the rotor (not shown) to function as a four-pole motor.

Next, FIG. 11 shows a state in which each coil is connected when each of the above-mentioned switches is in a bipolar operation state. In the figure, an A-phase first coil Aa and a second coil Ab are connected in series, an AC current is supplied from a power supply circuit φA, and a B-phase first coil Ba and a second coil B
b is connected in series and an AC current is supplied from a power supply circuit φB, and the C-phase first coil Ca and second coil Cb are connected in series and an AC current is supplied from a power supply circuit φC;
A-phase second coil Ab, B-phase second coil Bb, C
The second coils Cb of the phases are connected to each other at the neutral connection portion N and star-connected, as described above.

FIG. 12 shows a state in which the armature magnetic poles are formed in the connected state as shown in FIG. FIG.
FIG. 10 shows the armature developed as in FIG. 10 and representatively extracted from the A-phase from the three-phase configuration. Therefore, since each configuration and reference numeral are the same as those in FIG. 10, detailed description will be omitted. In the figure, at the timing when the current flows from the power supply circuit φA to the terminal A, the current flows as shown by the arrow in the figure. Thus, each pole is magnetized by that current,
As shown in the figure, the first magnetic pole S1 becomes an N pole and the third magnetic pole S3 becomes an S pole. The second magnetic pole S2 and the fourth magnetic pole S
As shown in the figure, No. 4 is not magnetized because current flows in the same direction on both sides. According to the phase rotation of the supply current, the size of each magnetic pole changes and the polarity is inverted. The B-phase magnetic pole and the C-phase magnetic pole of this motor also function in the same manner as described above. Accordingly, the magnetic poles on the armature rotate to drive the rotor (not shown) to rotate, thereby functioning as a two-pole motor. Note that the pole number conversion single-phase induction motor is actually disclosed in
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2 (JP-A) No. 2 (1994). What is disclosed in the publication is
In a pole-converting single-phase induction motor having a coil A serving as a main coil when the number of poles is large and serving as an auxiliary coil when the number of poles is large, and a coil B serving as a main coil when the number of poles is small and serving as an auxiliary coil when the number of poles is small, In correspondence with A, an auxiliary coil C used only at the time of switching from the majority pole to the minor pole is provided.

[0010]

By the way, the above-mentioned conventional one has the following problems due to its configuration. (1) In the case of two-pole operation, if the excitation current (which is approximately equal to the no-load current) flowing through two series coils by supplying a power supply voltage of 115 volts is 0.2 amps, the power supply current also becomes zero. .2 amps. However, when a power supply voltage of 115 volts is supplied in the case of four-pole operation, the number of coils in each phase is one, so that the exciting current flowing through each coil is two.
The current is doubled to 0.4 amps, and the power supply current is further doubled (four times the initial value) to 0.8 amps due to the parallel circuit. (2) Therefore, in the case of 4-pole operation in the case of low-speed operation,
Power factor and efficiency are lower than in two-pole operation. Therefore,
Input no-load current for 4-pole operation is 4 for 2-pole operation
In addition to doubling, in the case of an aircraft, for example, if the rated current is specified as 0.5 amp, the rated current value must be satisfied even if the rotational speed can be reduced and the noise can be attenuated Can not. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems (problems) of the conventional device, and does not increase the no-load current (excitation current) even when switching from two-pole operation to four-pole operation.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fan motor having a pole switching function and a speed switching method for the fan motor.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems (problems), a fan motor having a two-pole / four-pole switching function according to the present invention has a three-star connection of the fan motor coil.
Each armature coil of a phase is equivalently bisected, terminals are provided at the ends of each coil other than the star connection connection of each coil, and the bisected coils are formed into three phases and four poles for each phase. It was configured to fit into the symmetric two-pole slot of the magnetic pole. Further, in the method of switching the speed of the fan motor having the above structure, in the case of the two-pole drive, two exciting coils for each phase are connected in series, and
In the case of the polar drive, the connection of the external coil among the equally divided excitation coils is inverted, and the power supply connection of the two-phase excitation coil is switched. Therefore, even if the two poles are switched to four poles, the exciting current does not increase, so that the power factor and the efficiency do not decrease.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG.
3 shows a configuration of a coil (armature coil) of a three-phase induction motor having a pole / pole switching function. In the figure, the A-phase coil is equally divided into two equal parts so as to obtain the same characteristics as described later in detail with the A-phase coil fitted in a predetermined slot of the armature, and the first coil A1 and the first coil A1 are divided into two parts. The first coil A1 has a first terminal (A-phase coil terminal) A and a second terminal X1, and the second coil A2 has a first terminal. A second terminal on the opposite side provided with X2 is connected to a coil of another phase at a neutral portion N. Similarly, the B-phase coil is equivalently divided into two equal parts, and includes a first coil B1 having a first terminal (B-phase coil terminal) B and a second terminal Y1, and a first terminal Y2. The second terminal is constituted by two coils of a second coil B2 connected to the coils of the other phases in the neutral portion N, and the C-phase coil is equally divided into two, and the first terminal is divided into two. A first terminal having a terminal C and a second terminal Z1;
And a second coil C2 having a first terminal Z2 and a second terminal connected to a coil of another phase at a neutral portion N. That is, the second coils of each phase form a star connection.

The 2-pole / 4-pole switching circuit for switching the rotation speed of the motor shown in FIG. 1 is configured as shown in FIG. 2, FC indicates the coils shown in FIG. 1 comprehensively, and N indicates that the second coils of each phase are star-connected. As shown in FIG. 1, X1 and A are both terminals of an A-phase first coil A1, X2 is a terminal of an A-phase second coil A2, and Z1 and C are C-phase first coils C1.
, Z2 is a terminal of the C-phase second coil C2, Y1
And B are both terminals of the B-phase first coil B1, and Y2 is a terminal of the B-phase second coil B2. S1 to S6 are linked two-circuit switch functions (referred to as switches) for enabling remote operation, such as relays, and S0 is an auxiliary display switch provided for indicating a switching condition of each switch. That is, when the state shown in FIG. 2 is a four-pole operation state (denoted by 4P), the state is switched to a two-pole operation state (denoted by 2P). 8, φA is an input circuit of A phase which is a predetermined phase of the three-phase power supply, φB is an input circuit of B phase of the three-phase power supply, and φC is an input circuit of C phase of the three-phase power supply. Each is shown.

That is, in the four-pole operation state, as shown in FIG. 3, the first coil A1 of the A-phase coil has the second terminal X1 connected to the power supply circuit φA, and the first terminal A is connected to the first terminal A. The second coil A2 is connected to the first terminal X2. Also,
The first coil B1 of the B-phase coil has the second terminal Y1 connected to the power supply circuit φC, and then the first terminal B is connected to the first terminal Y2 of the second coil B2. The first coil C1 of the C-phase coil connects the second terminal Z1 to the power supply circuit φB, and the first terminal C is connected to the first terminal of the second coil C2.
To the terminal Z2. In the two-pole operation state, as shown in FIG. 5, the first terminal A of the first coil A1 of the A-phase coil is connected to the power supply circuit φA and the second terminal X1
Is connected to the first terminal X2 of the second coil A2, and the first terminal B of the first coil B1 of the B-phase coil is connected to the power supply circuit φ.
B and the second terminal Y1 is connected to the first terminal of the second coil B2.
And a first coil C1 of a C-phase coil
Connects the first terminal C to the power supply circuit φC and connects the second terminal Z
1 is connected to the first terminal Z2 of the second coil C2.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the armature magnetic poles are formed in the connected state as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 symbolically shows the deployed state of the armature, and shows the A phase as a representative from the three-phase configuration. Accordingly, since the components and reference numerals are the same as those in FIGS. 10 and 12 of the related art, detailed description will be omitted. The A-phase first coil A1 has a fourth magnetic pole S
4 and the first magnetic pole S1 and a slot formed between the first magnetic pole S1 and the second magnetic pole S2, and the second coil A2 is connected to the third magnetic pole S3. S3 and 4th
And a slot formed between the second magnetic pole S2 and the third magnetic pole S3. Therefore, at the timing when the current flows from the power supply circuit φA to the terminal X1, the current flows as shown by the arrow in the figure, and each magnetic pole is magnetized by the current, and as shown in the figure, the first magnetic pole S1 is The second magnetic pole S
2 is an N pole, a third magnetic pole S3 is an S pole, and a fourth magnetic pole S4
Becomes the N pole. According to the phase rotation of the supply current, the size of each magnetic pole changes and the polarity is inverted. The B-phase magnetic pole and the C-phase magnetic pole of this motor also function in the same manner as described above. Therefore, the magnetic poles on the armature rotate to drive the rotor (not shown) to function as a four-pole motor.

In the two-pole operating state, as shown in FIG. 5, the coils of each phase are connected in series, and the terminal A (first terminal of the first coil) A of the A-phase coil connected in series is a power supply. A terminal B of the B-phase coil (first terminal of the first coil) B connected to the circuit φA and connected in series is connected to a power supply circuit φB and a terminal of the C-phase coil connected in series (the first terminal of the first coil). Is connected to the power supply circuit φC. Next, the circuit configuration and magnetic pole configuration in the above connection will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows the armature developed in a manner similar to FIG.
Accordingly, each configuration and reference numeral are the same as those in the above-described drawings, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the figure, at the timing when the current flows from the power supply circuit φA to the terminal A, the current flows as shown by the arrow in the figure. Accordingly, each magnetic pole is magnetized by the current, and as shown in FIG.
1 is the north pole and the third magnetic pole S3 is the south pole. The second
As shown in the figure, the magnetic pole S2 and the fourth magnetic pole S4 are not magnetized because current flows in the same direction on both sides. According to the phase rotation of the supply current, the size of each magnetic pole changes and the polarity is inverted. The B-phase magnetic pole and the C-phase magnetic pole of this motor also function in the same manner as described above. Accordingly, the magnetic poles on the armature rotate to drive the rotor (not shown) to rotate, thereby functioning as a two-pole motor.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and realizes a coil structure corresponding to a motor structure and a speed switching method corresponding to the structure by applying the technical concept described above. Can be.

[0018]

According to the fan motor having the two-pole / four-pole switching function of the present invention, its coil is configured as described above, and the speed of the fan motor having the structure is switched by the above-described method. Therefore, it has the following excellent effects. In both the two-pole operation and the four-pole operation, two coils are connected in series for each phase so that a parallel circuit is not formed, so that the power factor and efficiency are greatly increased as compared with the conventional one. be able to. When compared in terms of power consumption, the power consumption of the present invention is about 30 to 40% of that of the conventional power consumption.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an armature coil diagram illustrating an embodiment of a fan motor having a 2-pole / 4-pole switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of a 2-pole / 4-pole switching circuit for switching speed of a fan motor including the armature coil shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a connection diagram of an armature coil when the 2-pole / 4-pole switching circuit shown in FIG. 2 is on the 4-pole side.

4 is a developed view of the armature for explaining the polarity of the A-phase magnetic pole at a predetermined timing in the armature coil connection state shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a connection diagram of an armature coil when the 2-pole / 4-pole switching circuit shown in FIG. 2 is on the 2 pole side;

FIG. 6 is a developed view of the armature for explaining the polarity of the A-phase magnetic pole at a predetermined timing in the armature coil connection state shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an armature coil diagram illustrating a conventional fan motor having a 2-pole / 4-pole switching function.

8 is a connection diagram of a conventional two-pole / four-pole switching circuit for switching the speed of a fan motor including the armature coil shown in FIG.

9 is a connection diagram of an armature coil when the 2-pole / 4-pole switching circuit shown in FIG. 8 is on the 4-pole side.

FIG. 10 is a development view of the armature for explaining the polarity of the A-phase magnetic pole at a predetermined timing in the armature coil connection state shown in FIG. 9;

11 is a connection diagram of an armature coil when the 2-pole / 4-pole switching circuit shown in FIG. 8 is on the 2 pole side;

12 is a development view of the armature for explaining the polarity of the A-phase magnetic pole at a predetermined timing in the armature coil connection state shown in FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

A: A-phase coil terminal (first terminal of A-phase first coil) A1, A2: A-phase coil B: B-phase coil terminal (first terminal of B-phase first coil) B1, B2 : B-phase coil C: C-phase coil terminal (first terminal of C-phase first coil) C1, C2: C-phase coil N: Star connection S1 to S6: 2-pole, 4-pole switching (speed Switch) X1: second terminal of A-phase first coil A1 X2: first terminal of A-phase second coil A2 Y1: second terminal of B-phase first coil B1 Y2 : The first terminal of the B-phase second coil B2 Z1: the second terminal of the C-phase first coil C1 Z2: the first terminal of the C-phase second coil C2

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A three-phase fan motor having a two-pole / four-pole switching function, wherein each of three-phase armature coils for star-connecting the coils of the fan motor are equivalently bisected, and star-connected to the coils. A terminal is provided at each coil end other than the connection portion, and the above-mentioned bisected coil is formed into three phases and four poles for each phase.
Characterized in that it is fitted into the pole slot.
Fan motor with pole and pole switching function. 2. A fan motor having a two-pole / four-pole switching function according to claim 1, wherein two excitation coils for each phase are connected in series in the case of two-pole drive, and in the case of four-pole drive, A method of switching the speed of a fan motor having a two-pole / four-pole switching function in which the connection of an external coil among two equally-excited excitation coils is inverted and the power connection of a two-phase excitation coil is switched.