JPH1097785A - Recorder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent an illegal digital copy by turning on a nonupdate discriminating flag on a memory means when a digital signal is supplied and turning off the flag upon completion of management information updating operation. SOLUTION: At the time of executing recording of a sound by digital dubbing, this sound data are recorded on a disk, and the state of a flag f2=1 is maintained. After cutting off a power source under the state of the flag f2=1, when the power source is supplied again, the state of the flag f2=1 is read out of a nonvolatile RAM, and a user TOC written in the disk is forcibly rewritten. Thus, when a digital signal is supplied, an illegal digital copy can be prevented by rewriting the nonupdate flag by using an update control means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a recording apparatus capable of recording an audio signal such as music on a predetermined recording medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various recording media and recording / reproducing apparatuses corresponding to them have been developed. In particular, as known as a mini-disc system, a type in which a user can freely record music data and the like has become widespread. I have.

[0003] For example, in the case of this mini-disc system, in order to manage an area on the disc where a user has made a recording or an area in which nothing has been recorded, a user TOC ( Below U-TOC
) Is recorded. Then, the recording device confirms an address of a region where recording can be performed, that is, an address of a free area while referring to the U-TOC, and records audio data and the like there.

[0004] The reproducing apparatus recognizes, from the U-TOC, the address of a track on which audio such as music to be reproduced is recorded, and performs a required reproducing operation. In other words, the U-TOC manages each recorded song and the like in units of tracks,
The start address, end address, and the like are described.
Unrecorded area where nothing is recorded (free area)
, The start address, end address, and the like are also described.

In the case of such a recordable disc (magneto-optical disc), a lead-in area is formed at the innermost circumference of the disc, P-TOC information is recorded, and a U-TOC area and a program area located on the outer circumference are formed. Form a recordable area in the disc, and a lead-out area is formed on the outer periphery thereof.

In this mini-disc system, dubbing recording from an external device such as a CD (compact disc) player is possible. As this dubbing recording, a method of recording by inputting an audio signal from a CD player or the like by connecting an analog line (hereinafter referred to as analog dubbing)
And a digital line connection such as an optical cable
There is a method (hereinafter referred to as digital dubbing) of inputting and recording audio data in a digital stage from a player or the like.

A recording procedure by analog dubbing or digital dubbing in the mini disc system will be described with reference to FIG. Each operation procedure is described in ST1 to ST5.
Indicated by When an external device such as a CD player performs analog dubbing or digital dubbing of an audio signal on the minidisc (ST1), first, the audio data is recorded on the minidisc (ST2). At this time, the controller of the mini disc recording apparatus holds information such as the track number of the recorded music and the like and the address of the recording position on the mini disc (ST3). Thereafter, when the recording of the audio data to be dubbed onto the mini-disc is completed, the U-TOC is updated in the D-RAM or the like from which the U-TOC of the mini-disc is read in the recording device in accordance with the dubbing recording operation of this time. (ST4).
That is, the track number and address of the recorded audio data are reflected in the U-TOC. After that, D-RA
The U-TOC updated on M is transferred as recording data, and the U-TOC is rewritten on the disk (ST
5). At this point, the U-TOC for managing the dubbing audio data has been recorded on the mini-disc, that is, the dubbing recording on the disc is completed.

[0008]

In the mini-disc system, only one generation of digital dubbing is possible. For example, when digital dubbing from a CD to a mini-disc, digital dubbing cannot be performed from the mini-disc for recording operations on another mini-disc or a DAT (digital audio tape) (note that there is no restriction on analog dubbing). ).
Such digital dubbing restriction is realized by, for example, when digital dubbing is performed on a mini disc, information indicating that the recorded track is due to digital dubbing is written in the U-TOC. Is done.

In other words, the mini-disc reproducing apparatus is a U-TOC
Is checked, and digital data output is not performed for tracks formed by digital dubbing. When a CD or the like is used as the first generation in this way, digital dubbing can be performed up to the second generation minidisc, but digital dubbing cannot be performed on the third generation minidisc. . Such a dubbing restriction method is intended to maintain the user's right of private duplication and to prevent so-called piracy from the viewpoint of copyright protection.

However, in this mini-disc system, by using a specific method in the process of recording on the disc, digital copying from the original disc to the third-generation disc becomes possible, and music or the like is illegally copied. And there was a problem from the viewpoint of copyright protection. FIG. 8 shows the procedure of the unauthorized digital copy.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

First, analog dubbing is performed as the illegal copying means. First, an external device such as a CD player performs analog dubbing of an audio signal from a certain CD on a mini-disc (ST11). Then, the audio data is recorded on the mini disc (ST1).
2). At this time, the controller of the mini-disc recording apparatus holds information such as the track number of the recorded music and the like and the address of the recording position on the mini-disc (ST).
13). Thereafter, when the recording of the audio data to be dubbed on the mini-disc is completed, the U-TOC of the mini-disc is read in the recording device. UT with D-RAM etc.
An OC update is performed (ST14). Then, the U-TOC is updated on the disk, and the analog recording is completed (ST15).

FIG. 9A shows a state when analog dubbing to a mini-disc has been completed. As shown in the figure, for example, the tracks are 3 from TK1a to TK3a.
It is assumed that tracks (three songs) are sequentially analog-dubbed into the recordable user area. And this state is the track number in the U-TOC in the lead-in area,
It is managed as information such as the address of the recording position on the minidisk. As shown in the figure, the disc is located in the order of lead-in, recordable user area, and lead-out from the inner circumference.

Next, recording by digital dubbing is started on the disc after analog dubbing is completed (ST16). In this state, as shown in FIG. 9B, the same audio data is overwritten for each track by digital dubbing on the mini-disc after analog dubbing is completed (ST17). That is, for example, the same dubbing operation is performed by digital dubbing from the same compact disc or the like, and the analog dubbed audio data is rewritten. At this time, the controller of the mini disk recording device holds information such as the track number of the recorded music and the like and the address of the recording position on the mini disk (ST18).

For example, as shown in FIG. 9C, tracks TK1d and TK2d are sequentially subjected to digital dubbing, that is, tracks TK1a and TK2d by analog dubbing.
Tracks TK1d and TK2d by digital dubbing are overwritten on the data of K2a. Then, for example, after the digital dubbing of the second track TK2d is completed, the recording is temporarily stopped, and the power is shut off in that state. Specifically, the power outlet is pulled out (ST19). As a result, the audio data of the tracks TK1d and TK2d by digital dubbing are recorded on the mini disc, but the information at the time of analog dubbing remains in the U-TOC.

That is, if digital recording is performed, the U-TOC which manages information on a track basis on the disk should normally be rewritten.
If the power is turned off before the TOC is rewritten, the U-TOC is not updated and recorded even if audio data is recorded. If analog dubbing and digital dubbing are performed from the same compact disc, for example, the address as management information of the U-TOC is almost the same at the time of analog dubbing and digital dubbing. As the U-TOC data, only a flag indicating digital dubbing is not set, and other operations do not substantially hinder the operation. Therefore, with respect to the reproduction operation, digital dubbed audio data can be reproduced by the management information of the U-TOC at the time of analog dubbing. That is, the disk in the state of FIG. 9D is a disk that can handle audio data obtained by digital dubbing as audio data obtained by analog dubbing. In this way, digital copying from the digitally dubbed disc to another disc becomes possible, and illegal copying to the third generation is performed.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. For example, digital dubbing is performed on a digitally dubbed disc at the stage of power-on or the like. Nevertheless, it is possible to recognize that the management information has not been updated, and to perform fraud prevention processing accordingly.

For this purpose, first, a memory means capable of holding stored data even when the power is turned off is provided. At the time of the recording operation, it is determined whether the input signal to be recorded by the recording means is supplied as an analog signal or a digital signal. If the input signal is supplied as a digital signal, an unupdated identification flag is stored on the memory means. There is provided a flag control means for turning ON. The flag control means turns off the non-updated identification flag on the memory means after the management information updating operation accompanying the recording is completed.
Further, when the power is turned on, the unupdated identification flag on the memory means is checked, and if the unupdated identification flag is turned on, the management information on the recording medium is recorded on the recording medium. Update control means for updating the data so as to indicate that all the data of the track being recorded are tracks recorded by digital dubbing.

That is, in the above-described recording apparatus, it is possible to detect that the data is digitally dubbed, but that the state is not reflected on the management information, that is, it is attempted to execute unauthorized digital dubbing. In this case, the management information is forcibly updated so as to indicate that the recorded track is based on digital dubbing, so that the track based on digital dubbing is not managed as a track based on analog dubbing. be able to. Therefore, digital recording from that disk to another disk becomes impossible, and illegal digital copying to the third generation can be prevented.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. This example is described as an example in which the recording apparatus of the present invention is realized as a mini disk (MD) recording / reproducing apparatus using a magneto-optical disk (mini disk). The description will be made in the following order. 1. 1. Configuration of recording / reproducing device 2. U-TOC sector 0 Processing at power-on Unauthorized dubbing prevention procedure

1. 1. Configuration of Recording / Reproducing Apparatus FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a main part of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the present embodiment. Magneto-optical disk 1 on which audio data is recorded
Is driven to rotate by a spindle motor 2. The optical head 3 irradiates the magneto-optical disk 1 with laser light during recording / reproduction.

The optical head 3 performs a high-level laser output for heating a recording track to the Curie temperature during recording, and a relatively low-level laser for detecting data from reflected light by a magnetic Kerr effect during reproduction. Perform output. Therefore, the optical head 3 is equipped with a laser diode as a laser output unit, an optical system including a polarizing beam splitter and an objective lens, and a detector for detecting reflected light. The objective lens 3a is 2
It is held by a shaft mechanism 4 so as to be displaceable in the radial direction of the disk and in the direction of coming into contact with and separating from the disk.

A magnetic head 6a is disposed at a position facing the optical head 3 with the disk 1 interposed therebetween. The magnetic head 6a performs an operation of applying a magnetic field modulated by the supplied data to the magneto-optical disk 1. The entire optical head 3 and the magnetic head 6a can be moved in the disk radial direction by the thread mechanism 5.

The information detected from the disk 1 by the optical head 3 by the reproducing operation is supplied to the RF amplifier 7. The RF amplifier 7 performs an arithmetic operation on the supplied information,
A reproduction RF signal, a tracking error signal TE, a focus error signal FE, groove information (absolute position information recorded as a pre-groove (wobbling groove) on the magneto-optical disk 1) GFM, and the like are extracted. The extracted reproduced RF signal is supplied to the encoder / decoder section 8. Further, the tracking error signal TE and the focus error signal FE are supplied to the servo circuit 9, and the groove information GFM is supplied to the address decoder 10.

The servo circuit 9 is provided with the supplied tracking error signal TE and focus error signal FE, and the system controller 1 composed of a microcomputer.
Various servo drive signals are generated based on a track jump command, an access command, rotation speed detection information of the spindle motor 2 and the like from the controller 1 to control the two-axis mechanism 4 and the sled mechanism 5 to perform focus and tracking control. 2 is controlled to a constant linear velocity (CLV).

The address decoder 10 decodes the supplied groove information GFM to extract address information.
This address information is supplied to the system controller 11 and used for various control operations. Further, the reproduction RF signal is subjected to decoding processing such as EFM demodulation and CIRC in the encoder / decoder section 8. At this time, the address and the address included in the reproduction RF signal as data are
Sub-codes are also extracted, and the system controller 11
Supplied to

EFM demodulation in the encoder / decoder section 8
The decoded audio data such as CIRC is temporarily written into the buffer memory 13 by the memory controller 12. The reading of data from the disk 1 by the optical head 3 and the transfer of reproduced data in the system from the optical head 3 to the buffer memory 13 take 1.41 Mbit / s.
It is done in ec and usually intermittently.

The data written in the buffer memory 13 is read out at a timing when the transfer of the reproduction data becomes 0.3 Mbit / sec, and is supplied to the encoder / decoder section 14. Then, the signal is subjected to reproduction signal processing such as decoding processing for the audio compression processing, converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter 15, supplied from the output terminal 16 to a predetermined amplification circuit section, and reproduced and output. For example, they are output as L, R analog audio signals.

When a recording operation by analog dubbing is performed on the magneto-optical disk 1, the recording signal (analog audio signal) supplied to the input terminal 17 is A
After being converted into digital data by the / D converter 18, the digital data is supplied to the encoder / decoder unit 14 and subjected to audio compression encoding processing. The recording data compressed by the encoder / decoder 14 is temporarily written to the buffer memory 13 by the memory controller 12. Then, when a predetermined amount or more of data is accumulated in the buffer memory 13, the data is read in predetermined data units and sent to the encoder / decoder unit 8. And the encoder /
After being subjected to encoding processing such as CIRC encoding and EFM modulation by the decoder section 8, the encoded data is supplied to the magnetic head drive circuit 6.

The magnetic head drive circuit 6 supplies a magnetic head drive signal to the magnetic head 6a according to the encoded recording data. That is, the magneto-optical disk 1
Is applied by the magnetic head 6a. At this time, the system controller 11 supplies a control signal to the optical head so as to output a laser beam at a recording level. Through the buffer memory 13, the recording operation for the audio data that is continuously input is intermittently performed.

The terminal 23 is a terminal as a digital audio interface with an external device. The data input from the terminal 23 is supplied to the digital audio interface unit 21. At the time of digital dubbing, the terminal 23 is connected to a device such as a CD player. When a digital audio interface is connected, audio information reproduced by an external CD player or mini-disc player is supplied as digital data, and at the same time, control data SS including reproduction-side subcode information in a predetermined format is included. Is transmitted.

Digital audio interface unit 2
In step 1, audio data (44.1
KHz sampling and 16-bit quantization) are extracted and supplied to the encoder / decoder unit 14 as recording data. Further, control data SS such as subcode information is also extracted and supplied to the system controller 11. For example, control data SS transmitted from a CD player or the like
, There are U-bit data, C-bit data, V-bit data, and P-bit data.

As U bit data, so-called Q, R,
Sub-code data known as S, T, U, V, and W data is included, and C-bit data is category data, sampling frequency data, clock data, optical system data, and the like for determining a recording medium. It is included. The V bit data includes an error flag and the like. Further, the P-bit data is a parity bit. The system controller 11 controls various recording operations by using required data of the control data SS. In the system controller 11, a RAM 11a used for a work area or the like is arranged. For example, it is used for recording a track number or an address during a recording operation. A non-volatile RAM 24 is connected to the system controller 11, and records data that is required not to be lost even after power is turned off.

The operation unit 19 is provided with various keys used for user operations. For example, a record key, a play key, a stop key, an AMS key, a fast forward key, a fast rewind key, etc. are provided.
Supplied to Further, in the recording / reproducing apparatus of this example, a free area recording mode and an overwrite recording mode can be selected as recording modes, and an operation for selecting the recording mode is also possible. The display unit 20 is configured by, for example, a liquid crystal display, and performs an operation of displaying an operation state, a track number, time information, and the like based on the control of the system controller 11.

When performing a recording / reproducing operation on the disk 1, management information recorded on the disk 1, that is, P-TOC (pre-mastered TOC), UT
It is necessary to read OC (user TOC). The system controller 11 determines the address of the area to be recorded on the disk 1 and the address of the area to be reproduced according to the management information. This management information is held in the buffer memory 13. For this reason, in the buffer memory 13, a buffer area for the recording data / reproduced data and an area for holding these management information are divided and set. Then, when the disk 1 is loaded, the system controller 11 reads out the information by executing a reproduction operation on the innermost peripheral side of the disk on which the management information is recorded, and stores the information in the buffer memory 13. Thereafter, it can be referred to at the time of recording / reproducing operation on the disc 1.

The U-TOC is edited and rewritten in accordance with recording or erasing of data. The system controller 11 executes this editing process every time a recording / erasing operation is performed. The rewriting operation is performed on the -TOC information, and the U-TOC area of the disc 1 is also rewritten at a predetermined timing in accordance with the rewriting operation.

2. U-TOC sector 0 Here, the U-TOC sector for managing the recording / reproducing operation of the audio data and the like on the disk 1 will be described. Note that the TOC information on the disc 1 is U
-TOC and P-TOC are provided.
OC is formed in the innermost pit area of the disk 1 and is read-only information. And P-TOC
Thus, the position of a recordable area (recordable user area), a lead-out area, a U-TOC area, and the like of the disc are managed. Detailed description of P-TOC is omitted.

In the U-TOC, one management information unit is formed by one sector, and sector 0, sector 1, sector 2, and sector 4 are defined as the U-TOC sector. Sector 0 is an area that is always required for the recording / reproducing operation of the disk 1. Sectors 1 and 4 are character information, and sector 2 is an area for recording the recording date and time. The description of the sectors 1 and 4 for recording character information and the sector 2 for recording the recording date and time is omitted.
The U-TOC sector 0, which is always required for the recording / reproducing operation of FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the format of U-TOC sector 0. The U-TOC sector 0 is a data area in which management information on a track (song) on which a user has recorded and a free area in which a new track can be recorded is mainly recorded. For example, when recording a certain music on the disk 1, the system controller 11 searches for a free area on the disk from the U-TOC sector 0, and records audio data there. At the time of reproduction, the area in which the music to be reproduced is recorded is determined from U-TOC sector 0, and the reproduction operation is performed by accessing the area.

The data area (4 bytes × 588, 2352 bytes) of the U-TOC sector 0 has all 0s at the head position.
Alternatively, a synchronization pattern in which all 1-byte data are formed side by side is recorded. Then the cluster address (Clust
er H) (Cluster L) and an address to be a sector address (Sector) and mode information (MODE) are added by 4 bytes,
This is the header.

A sector is a data unit of 2352 bytes, and 36 sectors constitute one cluster. Regarding the synchronization pattern and address, this U-TOC sector 0
Not only that, but also a P-TOC sector and a data sector in which audio data is actually recorded are recorded on a sector basis. The cluster address is the upper address (Clu
ster H) and the lower address (Cluster L) are described in two bytes, and the sector address (Sector) is described in one byte.
Subsequently, at a predetermined byte position, a maker code, a model code, a track number (First TNO) of the first track, a track number (Last TNO) of the last track, a used sector, a disk serial number, a disk ID, etc. Is recorded.

Further, in order to identify a region (free area) or the like of a track (song or the like) recorded by the user by making the recording correspond to a management table portion described later, various tables are used as a correspondence table instruction data portion. Pointers (P-DFA, P-EMPTY, P-FRA, P-TNO1 to P-TN
O255) is recorded.

The table pointer (P-DFA to P-TNO25)
5) (01h)
There are provided 255 parts tables from (FFh) to (FFh). In each of the parts tables, a start address serving as a starting point, an end address serving as an end, and mode information (track mode) of the part are recorded. ing. In addition, since the parts indicated in each part table may be successively connected to other parts, link information indicating the part table in which the start address and the end address of the connected parts are recorded can be recorded. Have been. In the present specification, the numerical value with “h” is in a so-called hexadecimal notation. Further, a part refers to a track portion in which temporally continuous data is physically continuously recorded in one track.

In this type of recording / reproducing apparatus, even if data of one music piece is physically discontinuous, that is, even if it is recorded over a plurality of parts, it is reproduced while accessing between parts, so that the reproducing operation is hindered. Therefore, the music or the like recorded by the user may be recorded in a plurality of parts for the purpose of efficient use of the recordable area.

Therefore, link information is provided, and the part tables can be connected by designating the part tables to be connected, for example, by the numbers (01h) to (FFh) given to the respective part tables.
In other words, in the management table section in the U-TOC sector 0, one parts table represents one part. For example, for a music composed of three parts connected, three parts connected by link information The position of the part is managed by the table. Note that the link information is actually indicated by a numerical value which is a byte position in the U-TOC sector 0 by a predetermined arithmetic processing. That is, the part table is designated as 304+ (link information) × 8 (byte).

Each part table from (01h) to (FFh) in the management table section of the U-TOC sector 0 is a table pointer (P-DF) in the corresponding table instruction data section.
A, P-EMPTY, P-FRA, P-TNO1 ~ P-TNO255)
The contents of the part are shown as follows.

The table pointer P-DFA is shown for a defective area on the magneto-optical disk 1, and is a single part table or a plurality of parts tables showing a track portion (= part) which becomes a defective area due to a scratch or the like. The first part table in the box is specified. In other words, if there is a defective part, (01h) to
Either (FFh) is recorded, and the corresponding parts table indicates the defective part by the start and end addresses. If another defective part exists, another part table is designated as link information in the part table, and the defective part is also shown in the part table. If there is no other defective part, the link information is, for example, "(0
0h)]], and there is no link thereafter.

The table pointer P-EMPTY indicates the head part table of one or a plurality of unused parts tables in the management table section. If there is an unused parts table, the table pointer P-EMPTY is set as the table pointer P-EMPTY. , (01h) to (FFh) are recorded.
If there are multiple unused part tables, the part table specified by the table pointer P-EMPTY is sequentially specified by link information, and all unused part tables are connected on the management table section Is done.

The table pointer P-FRA indicates a writable free area (including an erasure area) on the magneto-optical disk 1 and a track portion (= part) indicating a free area track portion (= part) is indicated. The first part table in multiple parts tables is specified. That is,
Table pointer P-FRA if free area exists
, Any one of (01h) to (FFh) is recorded.
In the corresponding parts table, parts as free areas are indicated by start and end addresses. Also, if there are a plurality of such parts, that is, if there are a plurality of parts tables,
The link information is sequentially specified up to the parts table where "(00h)" is displayed.

FIG. 4 schematically shows the management state of parts that are free areas by using a parts table. This is because when the part (03h) (18h) (1Fh) (2Bh) (E3h) is set as a free area, this state follows the corresponding table instruction data P-FRA and the parts table (03h) (18h) (1Fh) The state represented by the link of (2Bh) (E3h) is shown. The above-described management of the defective area and the unused parts table is the same.

By the way, if it is a magneto-optical disk on which no audio data such as music has been recorded and has no defect,
Parts table (01h) by table pointer P-FRA
This indicates that the entire recordable user area of the disc is a free area. In this case, since the remaining part tables (02h) to (FFh) are not used, the part table (02h) is designated by the above-mentioned table pointer P-EMPTY, and the part table (02h) is not used. The parts table (03h) is specified as link information, and so on, so that the parts table (FFh) is linked. In this case, the link information of the parts table (FFh) is set to "(00h)" indicating that there is no connection thereafter. At this time, the parts table (0
As for 1h), the start address of the recordable user area is recorded as the start address, and the address immediately before the lead-out start address is recorded as the end address.

Table pointers P-TNO1 to P-TNO255 indicate tracks such as songs recorded on the magneto-optical disk 1 by the user.
In P-TNO1, a part table indicating a temporally leading part of one or a plurality of parts in which data of track # 1 is recorded is designated. For example, track # 1
The track is not divided on the disc,
In other words, when recorded in one part, the recording area of that track # 1 is recorded as a start and end address in the parts table indicated by the table pointer P-TNO1.

For example, when the music piece set as track # 2 is discretely recorded on a plurality of parts on the disc, each part is designated in time order to indicate the recording position of track # 2. Is done. In other words, from the part table specified by the table pointer P-TNO2, another part table is sequentially specified by the link information according to the temporal order, and linked to the part table in which the link information is "(00h)". (Same form as above, FIG. 4). As described above, for example, all the parts on which the data constituting the track # 2 (the second music piece) are recorded are sequentially designated and recorded, so that the U-TOC sector 0 is recorded.
When reproducing the track # 2 or performing overwrite recording on the area where the track # 2 is recorded, the optical head 3 and the magnetic head 6 are accessed using the data of It is possible to take out music information and record efficiently using the recording area.

As the track mode information provided in each part table, a predetermined state is indicated by each bit of 1 byte. The eight bits of bit0 to bit7 serving as track mode data will be described with reference to FIG. For example, bit0 is “0” or “1”, indicating the on / off state of emphasis. In addition, bit1 is determined as monaural / stereo, bit2 and bit3 are determined in combination, and "01" is determined as normal audio. If bit 4 is “1”, the part is identified as audio data.

Bit 5 in the track mode carries information relating to the digital copy of the disc. When bit 5 is "0", the data is original and "1"
Indicates that the data is digital copy data. The present invention uses this track mode bit5,
Whether or not the data is digitally dubbed can be determined at the time of reproduction. Also, bit6
Indicates information on copyright, and bit7 indicates that writing is prohibited when “0” is set and writing permission is set when bit7 is “1”.

3. Processing at Power-on The recording / reproducing apparatus of the present embodiment is provided with means for first determining whether or not a disc has been digitally copied in order to prevent unauthorized digital dubbing. That is, U-TOC
An area for storing the unupdated identification flag (f1) in the controller and similarly storing the U-TOC unupdated identification flag on the nonvolatile RAM are secured. The controller performs an operation of storing the U-TOC non-update identification flag f1 in the area at a predetermined timing.
The flag data stored in the AM 24 is defined as a U-TOC non-update identification flag (f2). (Hereinafter, the U-TOC non-update identification flag is simply referred to as “flag”.) In addition, since the flag f2 is stored in the nonvolatile RAM, the flag f2 is set so that the information can be obtained even after the power is turned off. In the case where the flag f1 = 1 and the flag f2 = 1, the data is digitally dubbed, but the U-TOC has not been updated yet, and the flag f1 = 0 and the flag f2 = 0 Indicates that the data has already been properly updated in the U-TOC.

That is, the flag f1 (and f2) is set such that the flag f1 = f2 = “1” during the period from the start of digital dubbing to the completion of the U-TOC update process corresponding to the digital dubbing. At this point, the flag f1 = f2 = "0". Originally, if the normal operation is performed, when the power is turned on,
The flag f2 should always be "0". However,
If the flag f2 is "1" when the power is turned on, it means that illegal digital dubbing has been performed at that time. That is, the flag f2 = "1" when the power is turned on in the procedure (ST20) in FIG. In the present embodiment, illegal digital dubbing is prevented by performing processing using such a flag f2 when the power is turned on. The operation when turning on the power to the disk will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 5 shows processing of the system controller 11 after power-on.

When the power is turned on, the system controller 11 reads the flag f2 from the nonvolatile RAM 24 in step F100, and checks whether the U-TOC has been properly updated. At this time, if the flag f2 = 1, it indicates that the U-TOC update associated with dubbing has not been performed (F101).
(The flag 2 is turned on / off in steps F106 and F112 described later). Normally, since the flag f2 = 0, the processing proceeds to step F103. Then, from the loaded disc 1 to T
The OC data is read and stored in the buffer memory 13. If the disk 1 has not been loaded when the power is turned on, the processing after step F103 is the processing from the time of loading the disk.

By reading the TOC data, the recording / reproducing operation on the disk 1 becomes possible thereafter. Steps
In F104, it is determined whether or not a recording operation by digital dubbing is being performed on the disc 1. During a period in which the recording operation by digital dubbing is not performed, the process proceeds from step F104 to F106, and
The process returns to step F104 via F106.

That is, for example, during reproduction or analog dubbing, this loop processing is repeated. Then, in the system controller 11, the flag f1 has not been turned on (or reset) since the power-on, and
This is the state of the flag f1 = 0. At step F106, the flag f2 in the nonvolatile RAM 24 is set at regular intervals.
The flag f1 is copied as
In M24, the state where the flag f2 = 0 is continued.

On the other hand, during the recording operation by digital dubbing, the flag f1 =
Steps F104, F105, F106, F108
During this period, the state where the flag f2 = 1 is maintained in the nonvolatile RAM 24 during this period. Playback operation, analog dubbing operation,
When various operation states such as the digital dubbing operation are stopped, the process proceeds from step F108 to F109.

In step F109, it is determined whether or not the U-TOC needs to be updated. That is, if the stopped operation is a recording operation as an analog dubbing operation or a digital dubbing operation, or an operation accompanying an operation such as erasing or editing, it is determined that the U-TOC needs to be updated,
Proceed to step F109. If there is no need to update the U-TOC, the process returns to the loop from step F104.

If the process has proceeded to step F109, the U-TOC
As update processing, necessary update processing is performed on the buffer memory 13 according to a recording operation or an editing operation, and the updated U-TOC data is written to the U-TOC area of the disk 1. For example, the recording operation such as the analog dubbing operation and the digital dubbing operation, and the editing operation are completed by the U-TOC update in step F109. Then, the system controller 11 resets the flag f1 to 0 in step F111, and copies the flag f1 to the nonvolatile RAM 24. That is, the flag f2 is set to 0 in step F112.

From the above processing, it is understood that the flag f2 is always set to 0 when the power is turned on if the normal use is performed as described above. However, if the power is cut off before the process proceeds to step F110 after the digital dubbing operation, the flag f2 = 1 is determined in step F101 at the next power-on. That is, when the power is turned on in step ST19 shown in FIG. 8, the flag f2 is set to 1 in step F101, and the process proceeds to step F102.

In this case as well, first, the TOC data is read from the disk 1 in step F102. At this point, it is clear that an attempt has been made to execute unauthorized digital dubbing. Therefore, in step F107, the management on the U-TOC is performed. The U-TOC data is updated to indicate that all the tracks being recorded are digital dubbing. That is, the track mode is set to bit4 = 0, bit5 = 1, bit6 = 0.
Rewrite as. However, at least bit5 = 0 may be simply rewritten.

In step F110, the updated U-TOC data is written to the disk 1, and the flags f1 and f2 are set to "0" in steps F111 and F112. That is, if the data obtained by digital dubbing is digitally dubbed, the U-TOC is forcibly rewritten so as to be properly managed. Of course, digital dubbing from this disk 1 to another disk is no longer possible, and illegal digital dubbing is prevented. In the recording / reproducing apparatus of this example, it is necessary that the disc 1 cannot be ejected when the power is turned off. In other words, if the disc can be replaced when the power is turned off, the disc for which unauthorized digital dubbing is to be performed may not be loaded at the next power-on.

4. Unauthorized Dubbing Prevention Procedure Next, an unauthorized dubbing prevention procedure will be described with reference to FIG. 6 along a time axis. When illegal dubbing is performed as described above, recording of the audio signal by analog dubbing is first started from an external device such as a CD player on the disc 1 (ST30). The recording / reproducing apparatus records the audio data on the disk (ST31). At this time, the system controller 11 of the recording / reproducing apparatus holds information such as the track number of the recorded music and the like and the address of the recording position on the mini-disc (ST33). Thereafter, when the recording of the audio data to be dubbed on the disk 1 is completed, the U-TOC data is updated in the buffer memory 13 (ST34), and then the U-TOC is updated on the disk to complete the analog dubbing (ST35). ). During such analog dubbing, the flag f2
Is a state of “0”.

Next, the same audio signal as in analog dubbing is recorded on the disc 1 by digital dubbing (ST35). First, the audio data is recorded on the disk 1 (ST36). At this time, the system controller 11 holds information such as the track number of the recorded music and the like, and the address of the recording position on the disk (ST37). Further, by the above-described processing, the state where the flag f2 is set to "1" is maintained during this period.

Normally, after the recording of the audio data to be dubbed on the disk 1 is completed, the U-TOC is updated on the disk and dubbing is completed.
Before updating C, the power is cut off here (ST38).
Then, the U-TOC data corresponding to digital dubbing is lost without being stored, and the U-TOC data during analog dubbing is lost.
The TOC data was left, that is, unauthorized digital copying was possible.

However, from the time when the recording by digital dubbing is started as described above (ST35), the flag f
2 maintains the state of "1", and when the power is turned on again after the power is turned off (ST39), the flag f2 is read from the non-volatile RAM to read the state of "1" from the nonvolatile RAM as described above. TOC is forcibly rewritten (ST4).
0). Therefore, the disc is usually processed as a digitally dubbed disc. That is, illegal digital dubbing is impossible. It should be noted that the recording device as in the present invention is not limited to a mini-disc, but can be applied to various recording media on which a user can record music and the like.

[0070]

As described above, according to the present invention, for example, a digitally dubbed recording medium can recognize whether or not the management information has been appropriately updated accordingly. That is, a memory means capable of holding stored data even when the power is turned off is provided, and during a recording operation, it is determined whether an input signal to be recorded is supplied as an analog signal or a digital signal, If supplied as a digital signal, the non-update identification flag is turned on on the memory means. The non-update flag is turned off on the memory means after the management information update operation accompanying the recording is completed. If the unupdated identification flag on the memory means is turned on when the power is turned on, it is possible to determine that the recording medium has been subjected to unauthorized dubbing. The recording apparatus has an update control unit that can update all data of the track recorded on the recording medium to indicate that the data is a track recorded by digital dubbing.

Accordingly, digitally dubbed data is always managed as digitally dubbed data. Using such a recording device guarantees the user's right to perform private duplication, and prevents unauthorized digital copying. Can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a track mode according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 shows U-TOC sector 0 of the disk of the embodiment.
FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a U-TOC sector 0 of the disk of the embodiment.
It is explanatory drawing of the link form of.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of processing when power is turned on in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a procedure for preventing unauthorized dubbing according to the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a recording procedure in a conventional recording apparatus.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a procedure of unauthorized dubbing.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an illegal dubbing operation.

[Description of sign]

1 disk, 3 optical heads, 6a magnetic head, 8
Encoder / decoder section, 11 system controller, 11a RAM, 13 buffer memory, 14 encoder / decoder section, 19 operation section, 20 display section,
21 digital audio interface unit, 24
Non-volatile RAM

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Data is recorded in track units, and management information for managing recording or reproducing operation of data in track units is recorded. The recording operation of data in track units is performed by recording the data and recording the data. As a recording device corresponding to a recording medium that is completed by updating the management information accompanying, it is possible to record an input signal supplied as an analog signal from an external device and an input signal supplied as a digital signal from the external device on a recording medium. A recording unit capable of holding stored data even when the power is turned off; and, during a recording operation, whether an input signal to be recorded in the recording unit is an input signal supplied as an analog signal. , Determine whether the input signal is supplied as a digital signal, and determine whether the input signal is supplied as a digital signal. A flag control means for turning on the unupdated identification flag on the memory means and turning off the unupdated identification flag on the memory means after the management information update operation accompanying the recording operation of the input signal is completed. When the power is turned on, an unupdated identification flag on the memory means is checked, and if the unupdated identification flag is turned on, the management information on the recording medium is recorded on the recording medium. Update control means for updating all of the data of the track being supplied as a digital signal so as to indicate that the track is a recorded signal, and a recording apparatus comprising: .