JPH1094770A - Water-barrier structure and water-barrier applying method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-barrier structure free from the possibility of damage even on a rugged slope, where rock bed is bared, easy in application though a sheet receives heavy tension and capable of easily specifying a damaged part even if the Sheet is damaged by any chance and the water-barrier applying method. SOLUTION: A 1st rubber asphalt layer 6 is formed on a surface to be the water barrier by spraying method, a stereoscopic netlike structural body sheet 8 is placed on the 1st asphalt layer 6 directly or through other layer, a rubber asphalt is sprayed so that the rubber asphalt enters into front-to-rear surface through holes 12 formed on the stereoscopic net like structural body sheet 8 and a gap between the stereoscopic net like structural body sheets 8 and a 2nd rubber asphalt layer 14 connected to the 1st rubber asphalt layer 6 is formed on the stereoscopic net like structural body sheet 8 directly or through other layer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-blocking structure and a construction method for, for example, constructing the inside of a landfill site for waste to prevent water leakage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a landfill site for waste,
It is necessary to construct a water-blocking structure as necessary so that rainwater that has penetrated into the waste and waste liquid contained in the waste itself do not leach into the groundwork of the disposal site and contaminate public waters and groundwater.

[0003] As a conventional water impervious structure, Japanese Utility Model No. 7-53
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 964 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-310331, a device using a waterproof sheet (waterproof sheet) has been proposed. Further, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-40903 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-20492, a water-blocking sheet in which a three-dimensional network structure and a soft water-impermeable sheet are laminated has been proposed.

[0004]

However, when using the seepage control sheet described in each of the above publications to apply a seepage control structure to an uneven slope where rock is exposed, such as a cut slope, etc. In addition, there is a possibility that the impermeable sheet may be damaged by the projection on the slope. Further, when the slope is steep, an excessive tensile tension is applied to the impermeable sheet, which easily breaks and has a problem that construction is difficult.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and is unlikely to be damaged even on an uneven slope where the bedrock is exposed. Even if it does, an object of the present invention is to provide a water-blocking structure and a water-blocking construction method in which a damaged portion can be easily identified and repaired.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a water impermeable structure according to the present invention comprises a first rubber asphalt layer in contact with a surface to be impermeable and a first rubber asphalt layer directly on the first rubber asphalt layer. Or a three-dimensional network structure sheet laminated via another layer, and a second rubber asphalt layer laminated directly or via another layer on the three-dimensional network structure sheet, The first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer are connected to each other via a front and back surface through hole formed in the three-dimensional network structure sheet and / or a gap between the three-dimensional network structure sheets. .

[0007] The method for impermeable construction according to the present invention comprises a step of forming a first rubber asphalt layer on a surface to be impermeable by a spraying method, and directly or via another layer on the first rubber asphalt layer. Laying the three-dimensional network structure sheet, and spraying the rubber asphalt so that the rubber asphalt enters the gaps between the front and back through holes formed in the three-dimensional network structure sheet and / or the three-dimensional network structure sheet; The second connected to the first rubber asphalt layer
Laminating a rubber asphalt layer on the three-dimensional network structure sheet directly or via another layer.

The three-dimensional network structure sheet is formed by mating synthetic fiber filaments or metal fiber filaments in a three-dimensionally entangled manner and is preferably made of nylon filaments, and has sufficient porosity and rigidity. Preferably, the filament diameter is about 0.2 to 4 mm. If the filament diameter is 0.2 mm or less, it may not be possible to impart sufficient rigidity to the structure, and if it is 4 mm or more, the handleability and economic efficiency tend to be poor and unsuitable.

The porosity of this three-dimensional network structure sheet is 8
It is preferably at least 5%, and below this, when compressed by the load of discarded material, the function as a filter medium becomes insufficient and the flow passage of the filtrate tends to be insufficient.

The thickness of the three-dimensional net-like structural body sheet depends on the rigidity of the structural body sheet, but is preferably about 4 to 50 mm in consideration of handleability at the time of laying. When the thickness is smaller than 4 mm, it is difficult to secure the function as a water passage, and when the thickness is larger than 50 mm, handleability and workability are deteriorated, and economical efficiency is also deteriorated.

[0011] three-dimensional network structure sheet, the dynamic stiffness test value is preferably in the range of ^{15N / cm 2 · cm~150N / cm} 2 · cm. This value is 15 N / cm
When less than ² · cm, when compressed under a load of deposited dumped product, can not hold the necessary porosity as the filtrate flow path, it exceeds 150N / cm ² · cm, handling property is too hard This is because they tend to be inferior.

It is preferable that a soft water-impermeable sheet is laminated on at least the back surface (the first rubber asphalt layer side) of the three-dimensional network structure sheet. As means for laminating, means such as adhesion or fusion is used. As the soft water-impermeable sheet, any sheet having excellent corrosion resistance and having sufficient mechanical strength such as tensile strength and tear strength for dumping sites may be used.For example, a synthetic resin sheet such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene may be used. Rubber sheet; a sheet obtained by impregnating or laminating a synthetic resin or rubber such as chloroprene rubber on a base cloth such as nylon or vinylon is used.

Further, a water-permeable filter medium sheet may be laminated on one side (preferably, on the side of the second rubber asphalt layer) of the three-dimensional network structure sheet. The water-permeable filter medium sheet has a function of a filter, and prevents powders, rubber asphalt, earth and sand, etc. in dumped material from entering the inside of the three-dimensional network structure sheet, and a flow path in the three-dimensional network structure sheet. Is prevented from being closed. The water-permeable filter medium sheet is not particularly limited, but a water-permeable woven fabric or nonwoven fabric is used, and is made of synthetic fiber, natural fiber, glass fiber, or the like. Preferably, nylon, polyester,
A nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers such as vinyl chloride and vinylon is used. This water-permeable filter medium sheet is preferably laminated on one surface of the three-dimensional network structure sheet by means such as adhesion or fusion.

In the present invention, the thickness of each of the first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 2 to 10 mm, and more preferably about 3 to 5 mm. The water permeability of these rubber asphalt layers is preferably about 1 × 10 ⁻¹⁰ or less. The rubber asphalt layer is constituted by adding a rubber-based emulsion to asphalt, and contains an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound such as calcium chloride, potassium chloride, and sodium chloride as a curing agent.

In the present invention, it is preferable that through-holes on the front and back surfaces are formed in advance in the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet. The inner diameter of the front and back through-holes is not particularly limited.
Preferably, the arrangement pitch of these through holes is about 50 cm to 2 m. When a soft water-impermeable sheet or a water-permeable filter medium sheet is laminated on one or both sides of the three-dimensional network structure sheet, it is preferable that the front and back surfaces of these sheets are also aligned and formed. The first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer are connected through these front and back through holes, and the three-dimensional network structure sheet can be conveniently held on the slope.

In the present invention, by arranging the three-dimensional network structure sheet with a predetermined gap,
The first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer are connected, so that the three-dimensional network structure sheet can be conveniently held on the slope. Further, the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet can be partitioned into a plurality of rows along the slope by the rubber asphalt layer embedded in the gap. In the unlikely event that the second rubber asphalt layer on the upper layer is damaged, the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet becomes a path for leachate and is collected from the water collecting pipes provided for each row, so that the damaged portion can be easily identified. Become. Therefore, repair of a damaged part is easy. The predetermined gap between the three-dimensional network structure sheets is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 cm to 10 cm.

In the present invention, the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the three-dimensional network structure sheet are not particularly limited, and the smaller the better, from the viewpoint of narrowing the specification of the water leakage range, but the number of water collecting pipes increases and the structure becomes complicated. Therefore, the vertical dimension (from the top to the bottom along the slope) is preferably about 1 m to 10 m, and the horizontal dimension (the width direction along the slope) is preferably about 1 m to 20 m.

In the water-blocking structure and the water-blocking construction method according to the present invention, first, anchors for temporarily fixing the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet and the like are installed at arbitrary intervals. However, it is not always necessary depending on the inclination of the slope. Next, a first rubber asphalt layer is formed by a spraying method. Thereafter, a three-dimensional net-like structure sheet is laid. Therefore,
The first rubber asphalt layer serves as a buffer layer, and the possibility of damaging the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet is reduced even when the surface to be impervious is an uneven slope where the rock is exposed, such as a cut slope. Further, the three-dimensional network structure sheet is held between the first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer, and the first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer are
Since the connection is made through the front and back through holes formed in the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet and / or the gap between the three-dimensional net-like structure sheets, excessive tension is not applied to the sheet, and the sheet is attached to the slope properly. be able to. Also, construction is easy.

Further, by arranging the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet with a predetermined gap, the first three-dimensional net-like structure sheet is passed through the gap, and the
The rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer are connected, and the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet can be partitioned into a plurality of rows along the slope by the rubber asphalt layer embedded in the gap. The three-dimensional reticulated structure sheet
When the second rubber asphalt layer on the upper layer side is broken, the leachate becomes a passage for water and is collected from water collecting pipes provided for each row, so that it is easy to specify a damaged portion. Therefore, repair of a damaged part is easy.

[0020]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a water-impervious structure and a method for constructing a water-impervious structure according to the present invention.

FIGS. 1 to 7 are process drawings showing a method for constructing a water-blocking structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, first, a waste disposal site is excavated. Then, the anchor 4 is installed on the slope (slope) 2 of the cut surface. The arrangement interval of the anchors 4 varies depending on the unevenness of the ground, the laying gradient, and the like, but is preferably about 50 cm to 2 m.

Next, the rubber asphalt is sprayed on the slope 2 on which the water shielding structure is to be constructed, and the first rubber asphalt layer 6 is formed.
To form The thickness of the first rubber asphalt layer 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 2 to 10 mm, and more preferably about 3 to 5 mm. The water permeability of the first rubber asphalt layer 6 is preferably about 1 × 10 ⁻¹⁰ or less. The first rubber asphalt layer 6 is formed by adding a rubber-based emulsion to asphalt, and contains an inorganic aqueous solution such as calcium chloride, potassium chloride, and sodium chloride as a curing agent.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a three-dimensional network structure sheet 8 and a water-permeable filter medium sheet 10 are laid on the first rubber asphalt layer 6 on the slope 2, and temporarily fixed by the anchor 4. The water-permeable filter medium sheet 10 is preferably bonded or fused in advance to the upper surface of the three-dimensional network structure sheet 8, but these may be separately laid.

The three-dimensional reticulated structure sheet 8 is formed by mating synthetic fiber filaments or metal fiber filaments in a three-dimensionally entangled manner, and is preferably made of nylon filaments. Preferably, the filament diameter is 0.2 to 4 mm
The degree is preferred. When the filament diameter is 0.2mm or less,
There is a possibility that sufficient rigidity may not be imparted to the structure, and if it is 4 mm or more, the handleability and economic efficiency tend to be poor and not suitable.

The porosity of the three-dimensional network structure sheet 8 is as follows:
It is preferably at least 85%, and below this, when compressed by the load of the discarded material, the function as a filter medium becomes insufficient and the flow path of the filtrate tends to be insufficient.

The thickness of the three-dimensional net-like structural body sheet 8 depends on the rigidity of the structural body sheet 8, but is preferably about 4 to 50 mm in consideration of handleability at the time of laying. When the thickness is smaller than 4 mm, it is difficult to secure the function as a water passage, and when the thickness is larger than 50 mm, handleability and workability are deteriorated, and economical efficiency is also deteriorated.

The three-dimensional network structure sheet 8 has a dynamic rigidity test value of 15 N / cm ² · cm to 150 N / cm ² · cm.
Is preferably within the range. This value is 15 N / c
If it is smaller than m ² · cm, it will not be able to maintain the porosity required as a flow path for the filtrate when compressed by the load of the deposited waste, and if it exceeds 150 N / cm ² · cm, it will be too hard to handle. This is because they tend to be inferior in sex.

In this embodiment, the three-dimensional net structure sheet 8 is used.
On the back surface (the first rubber asphalt layer 6 side), a soft water-impermeable sheet (not shown) is laminated. As means for laminating, means such as adhesion or fusion is used. As the soft water-impermeable sheet, any sheet having excellent corrosion resistance and having sufficient mechanical strength such as tensile strength and tear strength for dumping sites may be used.For example, a synthetic resin sheet such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene may be used. ;
Rubber sheet: A sheet obtained by impregnating or laminating a synthetic resin or rubber such as chloroprene rubber on a base cloth such as nylon or vinylon is used.

In this embodiment, the three-dimensional net structure sheet 8 is used.
As shown in FIG. 4, front and rear through holes 12 are formed in advance. The front and back through-holes 12 are used to connect a later-described second rubber asphalt layer 14 and a first rubber asphalt layer 6 therethrough. Front and back through holes 12
Is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 10 to 30 cm, and the arrangement pitch of these through holes 12 is 50 c
It is preferably about m to 2 m.

The water-permeable filter medium sheet 10 has a function of a filter, and prevents powders, rubber asphalt, earth and sand, etc. in the dumped material from entering the inside of the three-dimensional network structure sheet 8 and has a three-dimensional network structure. This is to prevent the passage in the body sheet 8 from being closed. This water-permeable filter medium sheet 10
Although not particularly limited, a water-permeable woven or nonwoven fabric is used, and is composed of synthetic fibers, natural fibers or glass fibers, and is preferably a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, vinyl chloride, and vinylon. Is used.

In this embodiment, the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet 8 on which the water-permeable filter medium sheet 10 is laminated is shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), it is preferable to arrange with a predetermined gap 16 so as to be divided into a plurality of rows along the slope 6.

Next, in the present embodiment, FIGS.
As shown in FIG.
The rubber asphalt is sprayed so that the rubber asphalt enters the inside, and the second rubber asphalt layer 14 is formed on the three-dimensional network structure sheet 8. Second rubber asphalt 1
The composition and thickness of the first rubber asphalt layer 6
Is the same as

In FIGS. 5 and 6, the illustration of the anchor 4 and the water-permeable filter medium sheet 10 is omitted.

Next, in the present embodiment, FIGS.
As shown in (C), water shielding is performed on the bottom of the waste disposal site. The construction of the bottom of the disposal site is the same as that of the conventional construction, but the structure of the bottom collecting pipe installation part is different from the conventional construction.

In the present embodiment, the end 8a of the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet 8 laid on the portion located on the bottom side of the slope 2 is cut into a triangular shape, and the end 8a of each sheet 8 is cut.
Then, the open ends of the water collecting pipes 20 are connected. As shown in FIG. 7 (B), the water collecting pipe 20 is provided with a bottom-side impermeable sheet 2.
2 and 24. The water blocking sheets 22 and 24 for the bottom surface may be a rubber asphalt layer.

In the water shielding structure and the water shielding construction method according to the present embodiment, the first rubber asphalt layer 6 serves as a buffer layer,
Even when the surface to be impervious is the uneven slope 2 where the rock is exposed, such as a cut slope, the possibility that the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet 8 is damaged is reduced. In addition, the three-dimensional network structure sheet 8
The front and back surfaces of the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet 8 formed by the first rubber asphalt layer 6 and the second rubber asphalt layer 14 held between the first rubber asphalt layer 6 and the second rubber asphalt layer 14 Since the through holes 12 and the gaps 16 between the three-dimensional net-like structural body sheets are integrated, the sheet 8 can be satisfactorily attached to the slope without applying excessive tension to the sheet 8. Also, construction is easy.

Further, by arranging the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet 8 with a predetermined gap 16, the first rubber asphalt layer 6 and the second rubber asphalt layer 14 are connected through the gap 16, and The embedded rubber asphalt layer allows the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet 8 to be divided into a plurality of rows along the slope. In the unlikely event that the upper second rubber asphalt layer 14 is damaged, the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet 8 becomes a path for leachate and is collected from the water collecting pipes 20 provided for each row, so that the damaged portion can be identified. Becomes easier. Therefore, repair of a damaged part is easy.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.

For example, the water-blocking structure and the water-blocking construction method according to the present invention are not limited to being applied only to a slope such as a cut surface in a waste disposal site, but may be applied to a slope or other disposal site. The present invention can be applied to all surfaces such as a bottom surface that require impermeable construction.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, even if the first rubber asphalt layer serves as a buffer layer and the surface to be impermeable is a rock slope such as a cut slope or the like, the rock is exposed. The possibility that the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet is damaged is reduced. Further, the three-dimensional network structure sheet is held between the first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer, and the first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer are formed on the three-dimensional network structure sheet. Since the connection is made through the front and back through-holes and / or the gaps between the three-dimensional net-like structure sheets, excessive tension is not applied to the sheets, and the sheets can be favorably attached to the slope. Also, construction is easy.

Furthermore, by arranging the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet with a predetermined gap, the first three-dimensional net-like structure sheet is passed through the gap.
The rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer are connected, and the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet can be partitioned into a plurality of rows along the slope by the rubber asphalt layer embedded in the gap. The three-dimensional reticulated structure sheet
When the second rubber asphalt layer on the upper layer side is broken, the leachate becomes a passage for water and is collected from water collecting pipes provided for each row, so that it is easy to specify a damaged portion. Therefore, repair of a damaged part is easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a first process drawing showing a method for impermeable construction of a impermeable structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a second process diagram showing a method of impermeable construction of the impermeable structure according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a third process diagram showing a method of impermeable construction of the impermeable structure according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a fourth process chart showing the method for impermeable construction of the impermeable structure according to the embodiment.

6 (A) is a plan view of a main part showing an arrangement interval of the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet along the line VI-VI shown in FIG. 5, FIG.
FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view of a main part along line BB in FIG.

7 (A) is a plan view of a bottom side end portion of the three-dimensional net-like structure sheet, FIG. 7 (B) is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a bottom water collecting pipe mounting portion, and FIG. 7 (C) is a main part thereof. It is a perspective view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Slope 4 ... Anchor 6 ... 1st rubber asphalt layer 8 ... 3D net structure sheet 10 ... Water permeable filter medium sheet 12 ... Front and back surface through-hole 14 ... 2nd rubber asphalt layer 16 ... Gap 20 ... Water collecting pipe

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first rubber asphalt layer in contact with a surface to be impermeable; a three-dimensional network structure sheet laminated directly or via another layer on the first rubber asphalt layer; A second rubber asphalt layer laminated directly or via another layer on the body sheet, wherein the first rubber asphalt layer and the second rubber asphalt layer are formed on the three-dimensional network structure sheet A water-blocking structure connected through the gaps between the front and back through-holes and / or the three-dimensional network structure sheet. 2. A step of forming a first rubber asphalt layer on a surface to be impermeable by a spraying method, and laying a three-dimensional net-like structure sheet on the first rubber asphalt layer directly or through another layer. A step of spraying rubber asphalt so that the rubber asphalt enters the through-holes on the front and back surfaces formed in the three-dimensional network structure sheet and / or gaps between the three-dimensional network structure sheets, and is connected to the first rubber asphalt layer. A second rubber asphalt layer on the three-dimensional network structure sheet,
Forming a layer directly or through another layer.