JPH108966A - Combustion chamber structure for direct injection diesel engine - Google Patents

Combustion chamber structure for direct injection diesel engine

Info

Publication number
JPH108966A
JPH108966A JP8162673A JP16267396A JPH108966A JP H108966 A JPH108966 A JP H108966A JP 8162673 A JP8162673 A JP 8162673A JP 16267396 A JP16267396 A JP 16267396A JP H108966 A JPH108966 A JP H108966A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
turbulent flow
smoke
diesel engine
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP8162673A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shuji Kimura
修二 木村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP8162673A priority Critical patent/JPH108966A/en
Publication of JPH108966A publication Critical patent/JPH108966A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0696—W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0678—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets
    • F02B23/0687—Multiple bowls in the piston, e.g. one bowl per fuel spray jet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0621—Squish flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide such a combustion chamber with an approximately cylindrical recess formed on the crown of a piston as being capable of spreading a turbulent flow field with reverse squish in a wide range and reducing the generating amount of smoke by forming a squeezing part at part of the upper end of the combustion chamber on the crown of the piston. SOLUTION: A protrusion 2 is provided almost for the half of an inlet part of a combustion chamber 1, the remaining half having the same diameter as the cylindrical side wall 1b. In a strong turbulent flow generation area with reverse squish, a cylinder center area directed by a squeezing part partitioned with the protrusion 2 is separated from an outer periphery area. Such a turbulent flow field, which is caused only in an half area at the input part of the combustion chamber, is circulated 10 the combustion chamber with swirl to form a cylindrical turbulent flow field. In this way, oxidization is promoted in two smoke areas with the operation of a turbulent flow and the discharge amount of smoke is reduced.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、直接噴射式ディー
ゼルエンジンの燃焼室構造に関する。The present invention relates to a combustion chamber structure of a direct injection diesel engine.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの
燃焼室構造としては、例えば図８に示すようなものがあ
る。2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional combustion chamber structure of a direct injection diesel engine, for example, there is one as shown in FIG.

【０００３】従来から広く一般的に知られているよう
に、直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室構造におけ
る、入口部１ａの形状は、燃焼室側壁１ｂと同心円形状
であり、図８（ａ）に示すような絞りの無いもの、ま
た、図８（ｂ）に示すような絞りの有するものに大別さ
れる。[0003] As is widely known from the past, the shape of an inlet 1a in a combustion chamber structure of a direct injection type diesel engine is concentric with the side wall 1b of the combustion chamber. The one having no stop as shown in FIG. 8 and the one having stop as shown in FIG.

【０００４】ところで、このような燃焼室においては、
スモーク生成領域は、リバーススキッシュによる強乱流
ガスにより分断される２つの領域に分けられる。つま
り、燃焼室中心部と、キャビティ冠面外周部である。こ
のスモークの２つの領域は、キャビティ入口部形状によ
ってリバーススキッシュ領域が変化することで影響を受
けるが、２つの領域共同時に低減出来ない。By the way, in such a combustion chamber,
The smoke generation region is divided into two regions separated by the strong turbulent gas due to the reverse squish. That is, the central part of the combustion chamber and the outer peripheral part of the cavity crown surface. The two regions of the smoke are affected by the change of the reverse squish region depending on the shape of the cavity entrance portion, but cannot be reduced when the two regions are combined.

【０００５】そして、図９に示すように、燃焼室全体を
変形せしめた場合には、スワールの減衰が激しく、乱流
エネルギが極端に減少すると共に、リバーススキッシュ
が噴霧の衝突する拡大部のみから噴出する為、中心部の
スモーク生成領域は乱流ガスの影響を受けずスモークは
低減しない。As shown in FIG. 9, when the entire combustion chamber is deformed, the swirl is greatly attenuated, the turbulent energy is extremely reduced, and the reverse squish is generated only from the enlarged portion where the spray collides. Since the gas is ejected, the smoke generation region in the center is not affected by the turbulent gas and the smoke is not reduced.

【０００６】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな従来の直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室構造
にあっては、リバーススキッシュにより発生する強乱流
ガスの噴出方向が限られる構成となっていたため、中心
部と外周部に生成されるスモークを同時に低減できない
という問題点があった。However, in such a conventional direct-injection diesel engine combustion chamber structure, the direction of jetting of strong turbulent gas generated by reverse squish is limited. In addition, there is a problem that smoke generated in the central portion and the outer peripheral portion cannot be reduced at the same time.

【０００７】本発明は、このような従来の問題点に着目
してなされたもので、燃焼室入口部のみを一部絞り形状
とすることにより、上記問題点を解決することを目的と
している。The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem by making only the inlet portion of the combustion chamber partly constricted.

【０００８】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明の直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室構
造は、ディーゼルエンジンのピストン冠面に形成される
略円筒状の凹部を有する燃焼室において、ピストン冠面
の燃焼室上端の一部に絞り部を有する構成とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a combustion chamber structure of a direct injection type diesel engine according to the present invention has a substantially cylindrical concave portion formed on a piston crown surface of a diesel engine. , A throttle portion is provided at a part of the upper end of the combustion chamber on the piston crown.

【０００９】[0009]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて詳細に説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

【００１０】（第１の実施の形態）本発明の第１の実施
の形態を図１および図２を用いて説明する。まず、第１
の実施の形態の構成を説明すると、図１に示すように、
燃焼室１の入口部の略半分に突起部２を設ける。残る半
分は、燃焼室１の側壁１ｂと同一径を保っている。そし
て、図２に示すように、入口部の突起部４を対抗させる
ように構成する。ここで、突起部以外の入口径は、図１
に示したものと同様に、側壁１ｂと同一径を保たせる。
また、両者共、燃焼室側壁１ｂは円筒形状を呈してい
る。次に、第１の実施の形態の作用を説明する。図３
に、図１及び図２で示した燃焼室を用いた場合の上死点
後２０〜３０℃Ａにおけるリバーススキッシュによる乱
流発生状況と、スモーク生成状態を示す。(First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the first
The configuration of the embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG.
A protrusion 2 is provided in substantially half of the inlet of the combustion chamber 1. The remaining half has the same diameter as the side wall 1b of the combustion chamber 1. And as shown in FIG. 2, it is comprised so that the projection part 4 of an entrance part may oppose. Here, the inlet diameter other than the protrusion is shown in FIG.
As in the case shown in FIG. 1, the same diameter as the side wall 1b is maintained.
In both cases, the combustion chamber side wall 1b has a cylindrical shape. Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. FIG.
2 shows a turbulent flow generation state due to a reverse squish and a smoke generation state at 20 to 30 ° C. after the top dead center when the combustion chamber shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used.

【００１１】リバーススキッシュによる強乱流発生領域
は、突起部２によって画定された絞り部によって方向付
けられたシリンダ中心部領域２２ｂと、外周領域２２ａ
に分けられる。これらの乱流場は、燃焼室入口部では半
分の領域でのみ発生するものの、スワール２１によって
燃焼室を旋回する為、円筒状の乱流場を形成する。これ
により、２つのスモーク領域２３ａ，２３ｂが乱れを受
け酸化が促進し、スモーク排出量が減少する。The strong turbulence generation region due to the reverse squish includes a cylinder center region 22b directed by a throttle portion defined by the projection 2, and an outer peripheral region 22a.
Divided into Although these turbulence fields are generated only in a half area at the entrance of the combustion chamber, the swirl 21 swirls the combustion chamber to form a cylindrical turbulence field. As a result, the two smoke regions 23a and 23b are disturbed and oxidation is promoted, and the amount of smoke discharged is reduced.

【００１２】また、キャビティ側壁１ｂが円筒状である
為、スワールの減衰も少ない。Further, since the cavity side wall 1b is cylindrical, there is little swirl attenuation.

【００１３】（第２の実施の形態）次に、本発明の第２
の実施の形態を図４を参照して説明する。第２の実施の
形態は、図２に示した第１の実施の形態において、絞り
部以外のキャビティ入口部をＲ形状５にしたものであ
る。(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in that the cavity entrance portion other than the throttle portion has an R shape 5.

【００１４】この第２の実施の形態の作用を図５に示
す。即ち、第２の実施の形態においては、Ｒ形状部５に
より、リバーススキッシュによる乱流場２２ａは、より
ピストン冠面に近づくこと、また、ピストン冠面の面積
が減少することの２つの理由により、ピストン冠面外周
に生成されるスモーク領域２３ｂはさらに減少する。こ
こで、ピストン冠面の面積を減少させることは、燃焼室
側壁を拡大することでも達成できるが、図６に示すよう
に、キャビティ径の拡大により、キャビティ内スワール
比が減少してしまう。これにより、燃焼悪化が起こり、
出力が低下する。この対策には、高スワール比化すれば
よいが、充填効率が悪化し、同様に出力低下を生ずる。
本発明は、側壁の径は変えず、入口部をＲ形状とするこ
とにより、キャビティ内のスワールを減少させず、リバ
ーススキッシュを有効に利用することを可能としてい
る。FIG. 5 shows the operation of the second embodiment. That is, in the second embodiment, the R-shaped portion 5 causes the turbulent flow field 22a due to the reverse squish to be closer to the piston crown surface and to reduce the area of the piston crown surface for two reasons. The smoke region 23b generated on the outer periphery of the piston crown surface is further reduced. Here, the area of the piston crown can be reduced by enlarging the side wall of the combustion chamber. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the swirl ratio in the cavity decreases due to the increase in the diameter of the cavity. Due to this, combustion deterioration occurs,
Output drops. As a countermeasure for this, it is sufficient to increase the swirl ratio, but the filling efficiency deteriorates and the output also decreases.
The present invention makes it possible to effectively use the reverse squish without reducing the swirl in the cavity by changing the diameter of the side wall and making the entrance portion R-shaped.

【００１５】[0015]

【発明の効果】以上説明してきたように、本発明よれ
ば、その構成を、燃焼室入口部を一部絞り形状とし、残
る入口部を側壁と同一径に保つ構成としたため、リバー
ススキッシュにより発生する乱流場を広範囲に広げら
れ、スモークを低減出来るという効果が得られる。As described above, according to the present invention, the configuration is such that the inlet portion of the combustion chamber is partially throttled and the remaining inlet portion has the same diameter as the side wall, so that the reverse squish is generated. The effect that the turbulent field to be generated can be widened widely and smoke can be reduced can be obtained.

【００１６】また、各実施の形態は、それぞれ上記共通
の効果に加えて、更に以下のような効果がある。Each embodiment has the following effects in addition to the above-mentioned common effects.

【００１７】燃焼室入口を一部絞り形状とし、残る入口
部をＲ形状とすることにより、燃焼室内スワール比を減
衰させることなく、より広範囲に乱流ガスを噴出せしめ
る為、よりスモーク低減が可能である。Since the inlet of the combustion chamber is partially throttled and the remaining inlet is rounded, turbulent gas can be blown out over a wider range without attenuating the swirl ratio of the combustion chamber, so that smoke can be further reduced. It is.

【００１８】第１及び第２の実施の形態の出力への効果
を図７に示す。FIG. 7 shows the effect of the first and second embodiments on the output.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】本発明の第１の実施の形態を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図３】本発明の第１の実施の形態の作用を示す説明図
である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

【図４】本発明の第２の実施の形態を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図５】本発明の第２の実施の形態の作用を示す説明図
である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the second embodiment of the present invention.

【図６】本発明の効果を示す説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an effect of the present invention.

【図７】本発明の効果を示す説明図である。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an effect of the present invention.

【図８】従来の直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室
構造を示す説明図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a combustion chamber structure of a conventional direct injection diesel engine.

【図９】従来の直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室
構造を示す説明図である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a combustion chamber structure of a conventional direct injection diesel engine.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 燃焼室 １ａ 燃焼室入口 １ｂ 燃焼室側壁 ２ 突起部 ５ Ｒ部 １０ ピストン １１ ピストンリング ２２ 乱流ガス ２３ スモーク生成領域 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion chamber 1a Combustion chamber entrance 1b Combustion chamber side wall 2 Protrusion 5 R part 10 Piston 11 Piston ring 22 Turbulent gas 23 Smoke generation area

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 ディーゼルエンジンのピストン冠部に形
成される略円筒状の凹部を有する燃焼室において、 ピストン冠面の燃焼室上端の一部に絞り部を有すること
を特徴とする直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室構
造。1. A direct-injection diesel engine comprising: a combustion chamber having a substantially cylindrical recess formed in a piston crown of a diesel engine; Engine combustion chamber structure. 【請求項２】 上記ピストン冠面の燃焼室上端に設けら
れた絞り部以外を、Ｒ形状、または面取り形状とし、上
記円筒状燃焼室凹部底面側からピストン上部側空間に向
けて拡大せしめることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の直
接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室構造。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a portion other than the throttle portion provided at the upper end of the combustion chamber on the piston crown surface is formed in an R shape or a chamfered shape, and is expanded from the bottom surface side of the concave portion of the cylindrical combustion chamber toward the piston upper space. The combustion chamber structure of a direct injection diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein:
JP8162673A 1996-06-24 1996-06-24 Combustion chamber structure for direct injection diesel engine Pending JPH108966A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8162673A JPH108966A (en) 1996-06-24 1996-06-24 Combustion chamber structure for direct injection diesel engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8162673A JPH108966A (en) 1996-06-24 1996-06-24 Combustion chamber structure for direct injection diesel engine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH108966A true JPH108966A (en) 1998-01-13

Family

ID=15759122

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8162673A Pending JPH108966A (en) 1996-06-24 1996-06-24 Combustion chamber structure for direct injection diesel engine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH108966A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2859245A1 (en) * 2003-08-28 2005-03-04 Renault Sa Piston for internal combustion engine, has lip provided only in one portion of bowl and comprising return profile that permits to guide combustion fuel towards bottom of bowl along contour of bowl

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2859245A1 (en) * 2003-08-28 2005-03-04 Renault Sa Piston for internal combustion engine, has lip provided only in one portion of bowl and comprising return profile that permits to guide combustion fuel towards bottom of bowl along contour of bowl

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