JPH108603A - Prefablicated house - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve construction workability by forming wall pannels of a prefablicated house of pannel type to have a thickness capable of being fitted to a vertical part of a side joint or the like, forming a fitting part at a lower end of the wall pannel, fitting the same to the vertical part, and then inserting and fixing a lengthy fixation member into and to the vertical part from an upper end surface of the wall pannel. SOLUTION: In a house 1, a foundation 3 and first floor side joints 5 into which first floor joints 4 are assembled in the form of lattice are fixed onto a continuous footing 2 and a floor pannel 6 is layed on the joints 4, whereby a first floor (b) is formed. Wall pannels 7 are erected on the first floor side joints 5 to form first floor walls (a), second floor side joints 9 into which second floor joints 8 are assembled are fitted to upper parts of the wall pannels 7, and then the first floor walls (a) are fixed. A first floor ceiling (c) and a second floor (b) are formed by fixing ceiling and floor pannels 10, 6 to the second floor joints 8. Similarly, a second floor part is formed, and after ceiling side joints 12 into which ceiling joints 11 are assembled are fitted into upper parts of wall pannels 7 of the second floor part, walls of the second floor are fixed. Thereafter a roof structure 13 is placed on the ceiling joints 12, and after roof pannels 14 are fixed, a roof (b) is formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a prefabricated house in which panels are assembled to form a floor, a wall, a ceiling, and a roof, as in a framed wall construction method (a so-called 2.times.4 construction method). Note that the floor, wall, ceiling, and roof referred to herein all refer to underlaying materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a framing wall method, a floor joist is laid over a base fixed on a base material, a floor panel is fixed thereon, and a vertical frame serving as a pillar is fixed on the back of the structural plywood. The wall panel thus formed is erected, and the structure is sequentially extended upward.

[0003] However, since the wall panel has the above-described configuration, when the wall panel is erected, the wall panel is turned down on the floor panel with the vertical frame down, and the lower end of the vertical frame is raised. It was necessary to erect it with enough care to get it on the edge of the base. After erecting, fixing with nails or the like is performed while maintaining this state with a temporary bracing.

[0004] The above-mentioned erecting operation has to be performed while controlling the lower end which is likely to be displaced as the inclination of the wall panel becomes steeper. In addition, since the wall panel has a long shape both in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction, many workers with similar heights are arranged side by side to prevent a difference in inclination in the horizontal direction. Had to be done all at once. Moreover, there is a disadvantage that work cannot be performed on windy days.

[0005] For this reason, although it is said to have advantages such as not requiring advanced construction techniques and shortening the construction period, there is a problem in workability.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to improve the assembling workability by making it easier to assemble a wall.

A means for this purpose is a prefabricated house formed by assembling a wall or the like with panels. At least the wall panel is formed to a thickness that can be fitted to an upright portion such as a lateral joist. A fitting portion is formed on the lower end surface of the wall panel to be fitted to the standing portion. After the wall panel is fitted to the standing portion, the wall panel is moved from the upper end surface to the standing portion. It is a prefabricated house that is fixed by inserting a long fixing member toward it. In addition, the said column member is good to comprise with a through bolt, for example.

[0008]

According to the above construction, the wall panel is hung by a tow truck or the like so that the fitting portion on the lower end surface of the wall panel is fitted to the upright portion, and the fixing member is fixed. Can be inserted. Unlike the conventional method in which the lower end of the vertical frame on the back surface of the wall panel is placed on the base, there is no risk of displacement, and a predetermined positional relationship can be easily obtained by fitting. Therefore, the work is simple, and a temporary bracing and a large number of workers are not required, and further, the work can be surely performed even on a slightly windy day. When the strength of the house is required to be high, the necessary strength can be obtained only by assembling the shaft by using a shaft pillar at the corner, and the bracing and studs are not required.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a panel a, a wall a, a floor b, a ceiling c,
Two-story prefabricated house 1 each constituting roof d
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a structure of a house (hereinafter referred to as a house).

In brief, in this house 1, a base 3 and a first floor joist 5 in which a first floor joist 4 is assembled in a lattice shape are fixed on a cloth foundation 2, and The floor panel 6 is placed on the floor to form a floor b. Then, the wall panel 7 is fitted and erected on the first floor side joist 5 to form the first floor wall a. Then, on the upper part of the wall panel 7, a second floor joist 9 formed by assembling a second floor joist 8 is fitted, and the standing state of the wall a on the first floor is fixed. The ceiling panel 10 and the floor panel 6 are fixed to the second floor joist 8 to form a ceiling c and a floor d. Similarly, for the second floor joist 9 described above,
The wall panel 7 is fitted and erected to form the second floor wall a.
Subsequently, a ceiling-side joist 12 formed by assembling a ceiling joist 11 is fitted to the upper portion of the wall panel 7, and the standing state of the wall a on the second floor is fixed. After that, after placing the hut 13
The roof panel 14 is fixed to form the roof d.

FIG. 2 shows the first floor, and a cloth foundation 2 is shown.
The base 3 and the first floor joist 5 are fixed by screwing a long nut 16 to an anchor bolt 15 erected from above. The first floor side joist 5 has a ridge 5a on the upper surface and prepares for the wall panel 7 to be erected. That is, the wall panel 7
Is configured as shown in FIG. 3 and has a fitting portion 7a formed on the lower surface.

The wall panel 7 is formed by stacking plywood members and
It is formed in an appropriate size such as (measured) × 6 (measured), and the ear member 19 and the reinforcing plywood 2 are provided between the front plate 17 and the back plate 18.
0 (see FIG. 4), and the front plate 17 and the back plate 18 are separated and held. The thickness is such that the inner surfaces of the front plate 17 and the back plate 18 are in surface contact with both sides of the first floor joist 5. Further, the ear member 19 formed by laminating the plywood members is used for the wall panel 7.
Engagement recesses 19a or engagement projections 19b interposed at both side edges of the
have. The reinforcing plywood 20 supports the gap between the front plate 17 and the back plate 18 between the ear members 19 together with the ear members 19, and is formed by folding the plywood member in a zigzag manner. The reinforcing plywood 20 may be formed by alternately forming kerfs on both sides of the plywood member and bending the plywood member. The plywood member 20 is bent at positions corresponding to the bent portions 20a on the inner side surfaces of the front plate 17 and the back plate 18. Receiving groove 1 for accommodating the corner of the portion 20a
7a and 18a are formed. And the ear member 19
As shown in FIG. 5, the length of the intermediate plywood member in the height direction is reduced, and the above-described fitting portion 7a that fits with the first floor joist 5 is formed on the lower surface. Similarly, a fitting portion 7b is formed on the upper surface so that the second floor joist 9 can be fitted.

The above-described wall panel 7 is used for a straight portion, and for use in a corner portion, a wall panel 7A as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 may be used. On one end surface on one corner side, there is formed an inclined surface 21 which is in surface contact with each other and forms a right angle. Locking recess 2
3 is formed.

As shown in FIG. 8, the wall panels 7, 7A have the base 3 inserted into the anchor bolts 15 as shown in FIG. Screw the nut 16 on the base 3 and the first floor side joist 5
Is fixed and fitted. Then, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 9, the front plate 17 and the back plate 18 of the wall panels 7, 7A are obtained.
1st floor side joist 5 is sandwiched in the lower part.

Then, a through bolt 24 is inserted into a position corresponding to the anchor bolt 15, and the lower end thereof is inserted into the long nut 1.
6, and the second floor joist 9 assembled with the second floor joist 8 is fitted to the upper part of the wall panels 7, 7A, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, on the second floor side joist 9, ridges 9 a and 9 b are formed on the upper and lower sides.
a fits into the fitting portion 7b on the upper surface of the wall panels 7, 7A.
By this fitting, the through bolt 24 is attached to the second floor joist 9.
Through a through hole 25 formed vertically through the upper nut holding recess 26 above. In this state, the long nut 16 is screwed into the upper end of the bolt 24 to fix the wall panels 7, 7A in the upright state. By this fixing, the second floor joist 9 is urged downward, and can be securely fixed on the cloth foundation 2, and the ear members 19 of the wall panels 7, 7A are erected like pillars, and the first floor joist 5 And the second floor side joist 9 reinforces the above condition. In the figure, a notch 27 is provided so that the second floor joist 9 can be fitted to the wall panels 7, 7A even when the second floor joist 8 is joined to the second floor joist 9.

The horizontally long wall panel 7B in FIG. 9 has different vertical and horizontal dimensions in order to form a window forming space, and has the same structure, but has an upper surface, that is, a lower wall panel 7B.
Since the side joists do not need to be fitted to the upper surface in B and to the lower surface in the upper wall panel 7B, they may be fixed using, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped long nut holding member 28 as shown in FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 28a denotes a long nut holding recess, and 28b denotes an insertion hole. Of course, this is not necessary when notches are formed in the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B and window frames are fitted in advance.

In order to hold the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B in an upright state, in addition to the above, a nail or the like is nailed to a portion of the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B which comes into contact with the first floor joists 5 or the second floor joists 9. Further, a bolt nut 29 is attached to the ear member 19 of the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, insertion holes 30 that match each other at the time of connection are formed in the ear members 19 of the connection at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and after connection, the bolt nut 29 is stopped as shown in FIG. wear. The same applies to the wall panel 7A used for the corner portion. If the insertion hole 31 as shown in FIG. 14 is formed, it can be fixed with the bolt and nut 32 as shown in FIG.

The connection of the wall panel 7A at the corner may be made as shown in FIG. By doing so, reinforcement can be performed. That is, a groove 33 is formed at an intermediate portion in the thickness direction of the mounting portion 19 of the wall panel 7A, and the angle member 34a that fits in the groove 33 is attached to the base 34.
The metal reinforcing member 34 erected on b is fixed to the first floor side joist 5 through an anchor bolt or the like.

Next, the floor panel 6, the ceiling panel 10, and the roof panel 14 will be described. These panels 6,10,
Although the thickness and the size of each of the substrates 14 are appropriately different, the structure is as shown in FIG. That is, the front plate 3
A rectangular frame-shaped ear member 37 and a zig-zag reinforcing plywood 38 are interposed between the back plate 5 and the back plate 36. Ear member 3
Reference numeral 7 denotes a size corresponding to the outer peripheral edges of the front plate 35 and the back plate 36, and an engaging recess 39 having an appropriate depth is formed on the entire outer peripheral surface. In the case where the ear members 37 are not formed of lumber but are formed of plywood members like the wall panels 7, 7A and 7B, as shown in FIG. High strength can be obtained by bonding to
Further, instead of the reinforcing plywood, as shown in FIG. 19, reinforcing bars 40 made of lumber or the like may be provided at appropriate intervals.

The floor panel 6 is disposed on the first floor joist 4 as shown in FIG. 2. This arrangement is preferably performed in a staggered manner because the strength can be increased. Also,
The fixing does not have to be performed in front of the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B as in the prior art, but can be performed synchronously, and the fixing does not require many workers. Can be further reduced.

The fixing method is simple, for example, by using a fixing metal, by forming a through hole and fixing with a bolt and nut, or by performing, for example, as shown in FIG. After the floor panel 6 is positioned at the predetermined position, the nail 4
1 etc. is driven into the first floor joist 4 and then the engagement recess 39
A similar operation is repeated by engaging the engaging concave portion 39 of the adjacent floor panel 6 via the long joiner 42 that can be engaged with.

On the second floor joist 8 assembled on the second floor side joist 9,
As described above, the ceiling panel 10 is appropriately fixed to the lower surface, and the floor panel 6 is appropriately fixed to the upper surface (see FIG. 21).
At the same time, the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B are fitted and erected on the upper part of the second floor side joist 9, ie, the upper ridge 9b. Then, similarly to the above, the ceiling-side joist 12 assembled with the ceiling joist 11 is fitted from above, and
And the standing state is fixed by the long nut 16. Subsequently, after the hut group 13 is placed and fixed, the roof panel 14 is appropriately fixed from above the hut group 13 (see FIG. 22). In FIG. 22, reference numeral 43 denotes a shed panel also serving as a rafter. A panel 43 having the same structure as the above-mentioned wall panels 7, 7A, 7B is formed in a gable shape, and a notch 43a for connecting a purlin board 44 and the like is provided.
Is formed. In addition, a fitting portion 43b for fitting the ceiling joist 12 or the ceiling joist 11 is formed on the lower end surface. Reference numeral 45 denotes a blindfold.

That is, in the house 1 constructed as described above, the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B have the lower and upper fitting surfaces 7a, 7b of the first and second floor joists 5 and 9, respectively. What is necessary is just to fit and fix with the through bolt 24 and the long nut 16. Unlike the conventional case in which the lower end of the vertical frame on the back surface of the wall panel is placed on the base, there is no risk of displacement, and a predetermined positional relationship can be easily obtained by fitting. Therefore, the work is simple, and a temporary bracing and a large number of workers are not required, and further, the work can be surely performed even on a slightly windy day.

The above floor, ceiling, and roof panels 6 and 1
Although 0 and 14 may be constituted by conventional structural panels, if they are constituted by panels having the same structure as the above-mentioned wall panels 7, 7A and 7B, the strength is improved by the reinforcing members such as the internal reinforcing plywood 20. The advantages are that the cost can be kept low stably, that it is light and that it is easy to handle. That is, instead of being supported by one plywood member, the other member is supported by the cooperation of the reinforcing member and the ear member 19, so that high strength can be obtained. In the case where a single plywood member is used, it is necessary to set the thickness to be thicker, and the ratio of relying on the Lauan material increases accordingly. However, since Lauan wood is a southern seawood and depends on imports, the price fluctuates greatly and there was a problem. However, by reducing the amount of Rawan wood used, the price can be kept low and stable. Further, the front plates 17 and 35 and the back plates 18 and 36 are held apart from each other. Since the inside is hollow, the weight is light, and the insertion of the through bolt 24 as described above is easy. In addition, since it has a certain thickness, in the case of the floor panel 6, it can also be pressed in surface contact with the lower end of the back plate 18 of the standing wall panels 7, 7A, 7B to obtain a high-strength house 1. Greatly contribute to.

Since the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B are hollow, a useful heat-insulating and sound-proof wall can be easily obtained by filling the inside with a heat insulating material.

Further, the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B are perfectly connected to each other by the engaging concave portions 19a and the engaging convex portions 19b, so that the upper and lower edges are the first floor joists 5 and the second floor joists. 9 can be fitted, so that parting-off processing is not required, and for example, the work of attaching a finishing material and the work of attaching a window frame can be easily performed, and the workability can be further improved.

Further, the floor panel 6 and the ceiling panel 1
0, and the shed panel 43 and the roof panel 1 as described above
When 4 is formed with the same structure as the wall panels 7, 7A and 7B, since it has an air layer inside, it has good heat insulating properties without being filled with a heat insulating material. In particular, in the case of the hut set 13,
It also has the advantage that it can be easily assembled.

When a high strength is required for the house 1, the required strength can be attained simply by assembling the shaft by erecting a shaft pillar at the corner and fitting the wall panels 7, 7A, 7B. Can be easily obtained, and no bracing or studs are required.

The first floor joists 5 and the second floor joists 9 of this embodiment correspond to the standing portions of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of a prefabricated house.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a process of assembling the first floor.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a wall panel.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a wall panel.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a wall panel.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a wall panel.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a wall panel.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the first floor.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a wall on the first floor.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing how to fix the wall panel.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing how to fix the wall panel.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a connection portion of the wall panel.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a connected state of the wall panels.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a connection portion of the wall panel.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a connected state of the wall panels.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing another example of the standing structure of the wall panel.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a floor, a ceiling, and a roof panel.

FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a configuration of an ear member.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of another example of a floor, a ceiling, and a roof panel.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a floor panel fixing structure.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the process of assembling the second floor.

FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing a process of assembling the roof portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 a ... wall b ... floor c ... ceiling d ... roof 1 ... prefabricated house 5 ... 1st floor side joist 7, 7A, 7B ... wall panel 7a, 7b ... fitting part 9 ... 2nd floor side joist 15 ... anchor bolt 16 ... Long nut 24: Through bolt

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location E04B 2/56 632 E04B 2/56 632B 632D 632H

Claims (2)

[Claims] A wall panel of a panel-assembled house is formed to have a thickness that can be fitted to an upright portion such as a side joist, and a lower end surface of the wall panel is fitted to the upright portion. After the wall panel is fitted to the standing portion, an elongated fixing member is inserted from the upper end surface of the wall panel toward the standing portion and fixed to the standing portion. . 2. The fixing member according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member is a through bolt.
The prefabricated house described.