JPH1085597A - Oil adsorption material and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil adsorption material superior in oil absorption performance and oil retention performance, easy-to-handle in use, adsorbs quickly oil flowing out on the water surface and flowing out during the land transportation and storage and oil retained on a working site and generates no sagging- back of oil and also provide a manufacturing method thereof. SOLUTION: An oil adsorption material is composed of a hydrophobic fiber felt into which an oil absorption polymer is contained by a needle punch. In its manufacturing method, the felt is manufactured by the needle punch of a hydrophobic fiber web, and the oil absorption polymer is sprayed on the upper face of the felt, over which a hydrophobic fiber felt or a hydrophobic web is laminated, and then an upper layer felt or web, the oil absorption polymer and a lower layer felt are integrated all together.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an oil adsorbent and a method for producing the same. Further, the present invention provides an oil adsorbent suitable for oil recovery and removal, which quickly absorbs oil spilled during transportation and storage on the surface of the water or on the ground, and oil leaked at the workplace, and has no oil dripping back. And its manufacturing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to treat oil spilled on the water surface from a tanker or a refinery, an oil fence is set up to prevent oil diffusion, and a method of pumping oil in the oil fence by a pump. A method of spraying an agent, a method of using an adsorption mat made of polypropylene, and the like have been used. The method of pumping the oil inside the boom is very difficult to pump if the oil spills widely. Surfactants and the like are often used as dispersants, but since surfactants merely emulsify oil and disperse it in water, it cannot be an essential solution, especially in coastal areas. In waters where the organic matter decomposes slowly, the environment will be seriously damaged. The method of using a polypropylene adsorption mat is that, when the oil is adsorbed to a saturated state, when the mat is subsequently collected, the mat is gripped or loaded, and if pressure is applied from the outside, the oil adsorbed and held in the mat Spills out of the mat,
A phenomenon called so-called oil dripping occurs. For this reason,
An attempt has been made to develop an oil adsorbent that is easy to handle and does not adversely affect the environment. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-179138 proposes an adsorbent such as oil obtained by mixing a solid oil gelling agent with each fiber in a fused state in a fiber absorbent. This oil adsorbent requires a synthetic fiber or a powder synthetic resin having a heat-fusing property as a raw material, and requires heating in a manufacturing process, so that the cost becomes high, and a heat-fusing synthetic fiber or a powder. Incorporation of the synthetic resin causes a problem that the amount of the oil gelling agent, which is an active ingredient in the product, is reduced, and the oil gelling agent is deteriorated in the heating step.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is simple in handling, has excellent oil absorption performance and oil retention performance, and oil spilled on water, oil spilled during transportation and storage on the ground,
It is another object of the present invention to provide an oil adsorbent that absorbs oil leaked at a work site promptly and that does not drool back, and a method of manufacturing the same.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that an oil-absorbing polymer is formed in a felt of hydrophobic fibers by mechanically bonding the fibers by needle punching. The incorporation of the oil adsorbent was found to be easy to manufacture and excellent in oil absorption performance and oil retention performance, and based on this finding, the present invention was completed. That is, the present invention provides (1) an oil adsorbent characterized by including an oil-absorbing polymer in a felt of hydrophobic fibers by needle punching, and (2) a felt by needle punching of a web of hydrophobic fibers. Was prepared by spraying an oil-absorbing polymer on the upper surface of the felt, and then performing needle punching of a web of hydrophobic fibers on the felt.
After laminating the felts, a method for producing an oil adsorbent characterized by integrating the upper felt, the oil absorbing polymer and the lower felt by needle punching, and
(3) A felt is prepared by needle punching a web of hydrophobic fiber, an oil-absorbing polymer is sprayed on the upper surface of the felt, and a web of hydrophobic fiber is laminated thereon. It is intended to provide a method for producing an oil adsorbent characterized by integrating a polymer and a lower layer felt. Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, (4) the first (1) wherein an oil-absorbing polymer is present as an intermediate layer between the upper felt and the lower felt.
(5) The oil adsorbent according to (1) or (4), wherein the oil absorbing polymer is a powder of a block copolymer composed of a polystyrene block and a polybutadiene block. ) The oil adsorbent according to the above (1), (4) or (5) is cut into a shape having at least one straight side, and a plurality of cut pieces are cut into a string. An oil-adsorbing material which is sewn continuously on straight sides to form a universal flag can be used.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The oil adsorbent of the present invention is obtained by incorporating an oil-absorbing polymer into a felt of hydrophobic fibers by mechanically bonding the fibers by needle punching.
There is no particular limitation on the hydrophobic fiber used in the present invention, for example, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber,
Examples thereof include polyvinyl chloride fiber, polyvinylidene chloride fiber, polyester fiber, and fluorine fiber. Among these, polypropylene fibers can be particularly preferably used. The oil-absorbing polymer used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polynorbornene, and non-crystalline polypropylene. In the present invention, the oil absorbing polymer is preferably used as a powder. By making the oil-absorbing polymer into a powder, the oil-absorbing polymer can be evenly dispersed on the felt in the process of producing the oil-absorbing material, and the oil-absorbing polymer has a large surface area in the oil-absorbing material. Can be quickly adsorbed. In the present invention, it is preferable to remove the hydrophilic oiling agent adhering to the fiber surface before processing the hydrophobic fiber. By removing the hydrophilic oiling agent, the oil adsorbing ability when used as an oil adsorbent is improved. Alternatively, it is preferable to add a water repellent at the time of opening the cotton and preparing the web. By adding a water repellent, the amount of water absorption when used as an oil adsorbent is reduced, and the oil adsorbing ability is improved.

In the present invention, the felt of hydrophobic fiber can be produced by needle-punching a web of hydrophobic fiber. A web of hydrophobic fibers is obtained by loosening the raw fibers with a cotton opener or blending with a cotton blender, carding with a card for spinning, garnet, etc., and arranging the fibers in parallel to form a parallel array web, if necessary. Cross-aligned webs can be folded across the parallel-aligned webs. Alternatively, the opened fibers can be blown off by an air stream to uniformly disperse and accumulate on the perforated cylinder to form a random web. In the present invention, the basis weight of the web can be arbitrarily selected according to the specification of the oil adsorbent as the final product. For example, when the product is 700 g / m ² and the oil-absorbing polymer component is 150 g / m ² , the basis weight is 275 g / m ^2.
To produce a web. In the present invention, felt is produced by needle punching a hydrophobic web. The method of needle punching is not particularly limited, and can be performed using a known needle room. In needle punching, the fibers in the web are pushed in by the up and down movement of a large number of needles having small thorns, and bonding is performed by three-dimensional entanglement of the fibers. According to the needle punch,
As in the case of using a heat-fusible synthetic resin powder or heat-fusible fibers, the eyes between the fibers are not closed, so when used as an oil adsorbent, oil infiltration is rapid, Good oil adsorption ability can be exhibited.

In the present invention, one of the manufactured felts is used.
The sheet is used as the lower layer felt, and the oil-absorbing polymer is evenly spread on the upper surface. For spraying the oil-absorbing polymer, a known powder spraying machine can be used. Since the oil-absorbing polymer is sprayed on the upper surface of the lower layer felt, the oil-absorbing polymer powder does not fall through the lower layer at the time of manufacturing, and an oil adsorbent having performance in accordance with the design value can be obtained. In the present invention, after a predetermined amount of an oil-absorbing polymer is sprayed on the upper surface of the lower layer felt, a hydrophobic fiber felt is further formed thereon as an upper layer felt, or a web of hydrophobic fibers is laminated as an upper layer web, and a needle is formed. The punch integrates the upper felt or upper web, the oil absorbing polymer and the lower felt. The method of needle punching is not particularly limited, and can be performed using a known needle room. In needle punching, the fibers in the web are pushed in by the up and down movement of a large number of needles having small thorns, and bonding is performed by three-dimensional entanglement of the fibers. Since the entanglement of the fibers by the needle punch is sufficiently dense, there is no possibility that the oil-absorbing polymer is detached when the oil adsorbent is used. According to the needle punch,
As in the case of using a heat-fusible synthetic resin powder or heat-fusible fibers, the eyes between the fibers are not closed, so when used as an oil adsorbent, oil infiltration is rapid, Good oil adsorption ability can be exhibited.

[0008] The oil adsorbent of the present invention containing an oil-absorbing polymer by mechanically bonding fibers by needle punching can be manufactured in any size and thickness. Further, the bulk density of the product is preferably 0.05 to 0.2 g / m ³ . Since the oil adsorbent of the present invention includes an oil-absorbing polymer by mechanically bonding fibers with a needle punch, the oil-adsorbing material can be maximized without impairing the inherent ability of the oil-absorbing polymer. By cutting the oil adsorbent of the present invention into a shape having at least one straight side and continuously sewing a plurality of cut pieces,
It can be a national flag type oil adsorbent. At least one
There is no particular limitation on the shape having the straight sides of the book, for example, a triangle, a square, a hexagon, a semicircle, etc., but a square is usually convenient from the viewpoint of workability and the like. is there. There is no particular limitation on the method of continuously sewing the cut pieces. For example, a lock sewing machine is used on one side of a straight line, and overlock sewing is continuously performed, so that a universal flag type oil absorbing material can be obtained. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of a universal flag type oil adsorbent. In the oil sorbent of the national flag type shown in FIG. 1 (a), one side of the oil sorbent 2 cut into a square is continuously formed by using a rock sewing machine and made of a polypropylene upper thread, a lower thread, and a darning thread. Overlock sewing 1 is performed. The oil sorbent of the national flag type shown in FIG. 1 (b) is formed by sewing an oil sorbent cut into a regular hexagon. By sewing as described above, it is possible to obtain a universal flag type oil absorbent without impairing the performance of the oil absorbent, the strength of one side of the cut piece is reinforced by sewing thread, and after the oil is absorbed, it is divided. It is possible to collect without doing. Further, it is possible to reduce the number of manufacturing steps and obtain a stable strength.

[0009]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples, which should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The evaluation of the oil adsorbent was performed by the following method. That is, the oil adsorbent is 10 cm × 20 cm
Into a test piece, and its weight a is measured. Next, the test piece is immersed in kerosene or C heavy oil for 5 minutes, pulled up, and allowed to stand on a horizontal wire net for 5 minutes, and then its weight b is measured. Subsequently, the test piece is suspended vertically for 5 minutes, and its weight c is measured. All tests were performed at temperatures between 20 and 2
Performed at 5 ° C. From the above measured values, the oil holding amount and the oil dripping rate are obtained by the following formulas. Oil holding amount = (ca) / a Oil dripping rate = {(bc) / b} / a The larger the oil holding amount, the larger the processing capacity of the oil adsorbent.
Also, the smaller the oil dripping rate, the smaller the oil dripping amount. Example 1 After removing the oiling agent adhering to the surface of a polypropylene fiber having a cut length of 64 mm, the cotton fiber was opened, the fiber was blown off by an air stream, and the fiber was uniformly dispersed and accumulated on a perforated cylinder to obtain a basis weight of 275 g / m ^2. Formed a random web.
Next, the web was needle-punched by a needle room, and three-dimensional fiber entanglement was given to produce a felt. An SBS type styrene / butadiene block copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 400,000 and a styrene component content of 30% by weight was pulverized to obtain an oil-absorbing polymer. One of the above felts was used as a lower layer felt, an oil-absorbing polymer was sprayed on the upper surface thereof at a rate of 150 g / m ² , and another upper layer felt was further laminated thereon. This laminate was needle-punched with a needle room, and the upper layer felt, the oil-absorbing polymer, and the lower tank felt were integrated to obtain an oil adsorbent. This oil adsorbent is
The test piece was cut into 0 cm × 20 cm. The weight of the test piece was 14.9 g. The test piece was immersed in kerosene for 5 minutes, pulled up, allowed to stand on a horizontal wire net for 5 minutes, and weighed 123.4 g. Subsequently, the test piece was suspended vertically for 5 minutes, and the weight was measured.
It was 5.1 g. That is, the oil retention of this test piece with respect to kerosene was 4.0, and the oil dripping rate was 0.026. Further, a test piece having a weight of 14.1 g, cut into a size of 10 cm × 20 cm, was immersed in heavy fuel oil C for 5 minutes, pulled up, allowed to stand on a horizontal wire net for 5 minutes, and measured for weight.
3 g. Subsequently, the test piece was suspended vertically for 5 minutes, and the weight was measured to be 150.4 g.
That is, the oil retention of this test piece with respect to C heavy oil was 9.
7, and the oil dripping rate was 0.004. Example 2 After removing the oiling agent adhering to the surface of a polypropylene fiber having a cut length of 64 mm, the fiber was opened and the fibers were made into a parallel array web by a carding machine, and then folded and crossed to obtain a fabric weight of 250 g / m ² . A cross-sequenced web was formed.
Next, the web was needle-punched by a needle room, and three-dimensional fiber entanglement was given to produce a felt. An SBS type styrene / butadiene block copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 400,000 and a styrene component content of 30% by weight was pulverized to obtain an oil-absorbing polymer. The above felt was used as a lower layer felt, an oil-absorbing polymer was sprayed on the upper surface so as to be 200 g / m ² , and the above-mentioned cross-aligned web was further laminated thereon as an upper layer web. This laminate was needle-punched with a needle room, and the upper web, oil-absorbing polymer and lower tank felt were integrated to obtain an oil adsorbent. 10cm × 2
The test piece was cut to 0 cm. The weight of the test piece is 14.7
g. The test piece was immersed in kerosene for 5 minutes, pulled up, allowed to stand on a horizontal wire net for 5 minutes, and weighed to 124.8 g. Subsequently, the test piece was suspended vertically for 5 minutes, and the weight was measured to be 69.7 g. That is, the amount of oil retained in the test piece with respect to kerosene was 3.7, and the oil dripping rate was 0.030. Example 3 Ten pieces of cut pieces obtained by cutting the oil adsorbent prepared in Example 2 into 50 cm × 50 cm were prepared, and using a rock sewing machine,
Overlock sewing was continuously performed using a sewing thread made of polypropylene to obtain an oil-absorbing material of a universal shape having the shape shown in FIG. The weight of the oil adsorbent was 1.89 kg. The oil adsorbent was immersed in kerosene for 5 minutes, pulled up, spread on a horizontal wire net, allowed to stand for 5 minutes, and weighed 9.67 kg. Subsequently, the test piece was suspended for 5 minutes so that the polypropylene string became horizontal and the cut piece of the oil-absorbing material became vertical, and the weight was measured to be 9.14 kg. That is, the oil retention amount of this universal flag type oil adsorbent for kerosene was 3.8, and the oil dripping rate was 0.029. Comparative Example 1 An oil adsorbing ability test was conducted using a polypropylene nonwoven fabric by a spun bond method having a bulk density of 0.057 g / cm ³ and a basis weight of 453 g / m ² . This polypropylene nonwoven fabric was cut into a piece of 10 cm × 20 cm to obtain a test piece. The weight of the test piece was 9.4 g. The test piece was immersed in kerosene for 5 minutes, lifted up, allowed to stand on a horizontal wire mesh for 5 minutes, and weighed 90.7 g. Subsequently, the test piece was suspended vertically for 5 minutes, and the weight was measured.
0.8 g. That is, the oil retention of this test piece with respect to kerosene was 2.3, and the oil dripping rate was 0.07. Comparative Example 2 After removing the oiling agent adhering to the surface of the polypropylene fiber having a cut length of 64 mm, the fiber was opened, the fiber was blown off by an air stream, and the fiber was uniformly dispersed and accumulated on a perforated cylinder, and the basis weight was 200 g / m ^2. Formed a random web.
Weight average molecular weight 400,000, styrene content 30% by weight
The SBS type styrene / butadiene block copolymer was pulverized to obtain an oil-absorbing polymer. The heat-fusible synthetic resin powder was sprayed on the upper surface of the random web at a rate of 75 g / m ² , and the oil-absorbing polymer was spread thereon at 150 g / m ^2.
sprayed so as to be m ^2, random web another on the
And heat-fusible synthetic resin powder is further placed on the
g / m ² . This laminate was pressed while heating with electric heat to obtain an oil adsorbent containing 21% by weight of an oil absorbing polymer. This oil adsorbent is 10cm x 20cm
Into a test piece. The weight of the test piece was 14.8 g. After immersing the test piece in kerosene for 5 minutes, pull it up,
After standing for 5 minutes on a horizontal wire net, the weight was measured.
10.0 g. Subsequently, the test piece was suspended vertically for 5 minutes, and the weight was measured to be 64.0 g. That is, the oil retention of the test piece with respect to kerosene was 3.3, and the oil dripping rate was 0.028. Also, 1
A test piece weighing 14.7 g cut into 0 cm × 20 cm was immersed in heavy fuel oil C for 5 minutes, pulled up, allowed to stand on a horizontal wire net for 5 minutes, and weighed to be 150.5 g. Subsequently, the test piece was suspended vertically for 5 minutes, and the weight was measured to be 140.2 g. That is,
The oil retention of this test piece with respect to C heavy oil was 8.5,
The oil dripping rate was 0.0047. Table 1 shows the results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0010]

[Table 1]

From the results shown in Table 1, the oil adsorbent of the present invention is
Compared with the nonwoven fabric of the conventional oil adsorbent, which is a polypropylene nonwoven fabric of the spunbond method of Comparative Example 1, both the oil retention and the oil dripping rate are remarkably excellent. Also, as compared with the conventional oil adsorbent in which the oil-absorbing polymer of Comparative Example 2 was fused and mixed, the oil retention amount was excellent for kerosene, and the oil retention amount and oil dripping rate for heavy fuel oil C Both are excellent.

[0012]

The oil adsorbent of the present invention can be easily manufactured, is easy to handle at the time of use, is excellent in oil absorption performance and oil retention performance, and is capable of transporting oil spilled on the water surface and ground. ,
The oil spilled during storage and oil leaked at the work site is quickly absorbed, and the oil does not drip.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of an oil adsorbent of a universal flag type.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Overlock sewing 2 Oil absorbent

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An oil-adsorbing material characterized in that an oil-absorbing polymer is contained in a felt of a hydrophobic fiber by needle punching. 2. A felt is produced by needle-punching a web of hydrophobic fibers, an oil-absorbing polymer is sprayed on the upper surface of the felt, and another felt is produced by needle-punching a web of hydrophobic fibers on the felt. And then integrating the upper felt, the oil-absorbing polymer, and the lower felt by needle punching. 3. A felt is produced by needle-punching a web of hydrophobic fibers, an oil-absorbing polymer is sprayed on the upper surface of the felt, and a web of hydrophobic fibers is laminated thereon. A method for producing an oil adsorbent, comprising integrating an oil absorbing polymer and a lower layer felt.