JPH1082509A - Small-sized incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate a power lead-in wire construction to an incinerator by supplying power necessary for the furnace by a unit for converting waste heat energy output from the furnace into electric energy. SOLUTION: A dry heating chamber (first chamber) and a main combustion chamber (second chamber) are provided by a refractory material 2 on a base plate. Further, a smoke extinction deodorizing chamber (third chamber) provided with a special high-temperature heating ceramic added with transition element oxide is provided continued to the second chamber. In addition, a harmful gas neutralizing far infrared radiating ceramic is provided in a flue for connecting the second chamber to the third chamber to make smokeless, odorless harmful gas no harm. A thermionic element panel 6 is embedded in the material 2, a radiating plate 10 is connected to a low-temperature side of a thermionic element 6a of the panel 6, and embedded fixedly in a through hole 2a opened in the material 2 by an element support lever 7. And, power output from thermoelectromotive force generated from the element 6a is used for operating power at the plate 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technology for treating waste such as kitchen waste by a small incinerator that combines environmental conservation technology and energy saving technology.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional small incinerators generally include a grate combustion system, a bed combustion system, a fluidized bed combustion system, and a combustion system.
It is classified into a floating combustion system and a spray combustion system. However, in practice, the incineration method is often selected according to the type of waste to be incinerated.

[0003] For example, general garbage, mixed garbage and the like use a grate burning method and a floor burning method, and animal corpses and wastes use a fixed bed, grate burning method and a fluidized bed burning method. The waste oil is selected according to the type of refuse described above, such as a floor combustion or spray combustion system, and a polymer system such as a floor combustion system.

[0004] In addition, incineration of kitchen garbage such as garbage with a large amount of moisture is provided with a drying process using an auxiliary combustion device, and furthermore, an afterburner is installed for deodorizing smoke and deodorizing so as to completely burn the garbage. .

[0005] In some cases, a dust collector is provided as a measure against dust.

[0006]

In the small incinerator, the temperature of the combustion chamber, the temperature of the exhaust gas, and the amount of the exhaust gas vary greatly. Therefore, it is apt to be affected by a temperature drop or a local oxygen deficiency, and soot and dust are easily generated. Therefore, as a countermeasure against dust, a supplementary facility of a dust collector is provided, and an exhaust gas treatment device is hardly installed. Therefore, there is a concern that harmful gas in the exhaust gas may exceed the standard value of the Air Pollution Control Law. Except for extremely small incinerators, afterburners and blowers are installed, but control of these requires a commercial power supply.

Therefore, wiring work up to the incinerator may be very troublesome depending on the installation location. For this reason, clean photovoltaic power generation technology is being developed as one of the energy sources, but this system has the drawback that power generation cannot be expected at night or in cloudy weather with low solar radiation.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of such circumstances, the present invention is to provide a small incinerator which is effective in solving the problem and thoroughly used for solving environmental problems such as air pollution and acid rain. In other words, based on the technologies of microwave heating, biotechnology, and special ceramics, completely combust waste such as garbage, prevent the generation of black-and-white smoke, and efficiently remove harmful gases and waste heat. Heating two different kinds of metal conductors to generate electromotive force, using the generated power as a power supply for operating the furnace, and effectively using methane gas in the combustion chamber or the smoke and deodorization chamber It is characterized by integrating energy saving means using unused energy and thoroughly implementing measures against air pollution of smoke, dust, and exhaust gas.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a small incinerator according to the present invention, and a most preferred embodiment of the small incinerator will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a base plate. On the base plate 1, a drying and heating chamber 3 (first chamber) and a main combustion chamber 4 (second chamber) are internally provided by a refractory material 2 such as refractory bricks, insulating bricks, castables, or the like. )
A small incinerator A is constructed by providing a flame path having a smoke and deodorizing chamber 5 (third chamber) following the second chamber 4.

The refractory material 2 of the furnace body A has a thermoelectric element panel 6 formed by arranging a plurality of thermoelectric elements 6a each having one end of a ceramic sintered body joined with a silicide transition metal silicide.
Is embedded.

As shown in FIG. 5, the principle of thermoelectric power generation is that one end c of a junction (junction metal) between P-type and N-type semiconductors a and b.
(At this time, the other end d is not heated), an electromotive force is generated, and a current indicated by an arrow flows through a circuit e provided outside on the low-temperature side. Even if two different types of metal conductors are used instead of the P-type and N-type semiconductors a and b, a current flows in the same manner.

Each of the thermoelectric elements 6a of the thermoelectric element panel 6 has a through hole 2a formed in the refractory material 2 and is made of a silica-alumina-based ultra-high-temperature inorganic fiber heat-insulating material having a low thermal conductivity and excellent thermal shock resistance. A thermoelectric element 6 is embedded by a heat-resistant covering material 8 embedded in the support material 7 and coated on the refractory material 2 and a heat-resistant adhesive 9 of a thermosetting inorganic adhesive similar to the coating material.
a is fixed together with the element supporting member 7.

In this case, a heat radiating plate 10 is joined to the thermoelectric element 6a on the low temperature side, and the high temperature side m and the low temperature side n of the heat resistant material 2 are connected.
Of the thermoelectric element 6a
Generated power is made as large as possible. Further, the heat radiating plate 10 is provided with terminals 10a, 10a for taking out the thermoelectromotive force generated from the thermoelectric element 6a, and the terminals 10a, 10a
In the case of the thermoelectric element panel 6, a is sequentially connected to a motor or a storage battery, and this thermoelectromotive force is used as a power supply for operating the incinerator A.

The thermoelectric element panel 6 is made of a bonding metal 11.
The joining metal 11 serves as an inner wall of the refractory material 2 of the furnace body A.

Further, in the flame path 12 between the second chamber 4 and the third smoke and deodorant chamber 5, a harmful gas neutralized far-infrared radiating ceramic 1 made mainly of honeycomb cordierite is provided.
The ceramic 13 effectively neutralizes the hydrogen chloride with the ceramic 13 and has a high-temperature heat storage effect by radiating far-infrared rays to burn fine unburned components.

Further, in the third chamber 5, a special high-temperature heating ceramic 14 in which barium titanate and strontium titanate are mixed, a transition element oxide is further added, and the inside is formed in a honeycomb shape is provided, and smokeless, odorless and harmful. The gas is made harmless.

That is, when incinerating waste having a high moisture content such as garbage in the furnace body A, a β-spodumene that efficiently radiates electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of 6 to 15 μm in order to dry the waste and enhance the ability to decompose bio-germs is used. The far-infrared radiating ceramic to which the transition element oxide is added is heated by the heating element in the first chamber 3 to raise the temperature in the first chamber to 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. to promote high-speed fermentation by the bio-bacterium. Honeycomb-shaped harmful gas neutralizing far-infrared radiation ceramic 13 provided in a flame path 12
To remove hydrogen chloride, and heat to about 800 ° C with the special high-temperature heating ceramic 14 in the third chamber 5 to completely decompose white smoke, black smoke, fine dust, bad smell, and harmful gas to complete smoke and deodorization. To achieve smokeless, odorless and harmless gas harmlessness.

[0019]

According to the present invention, the power required for the incinerator can be procured by the device for converting the waste heat energy from the incinerator into electric energy, so that the power supply wiring work to the incinerator becomes unnecessary.

Further, since the garbage is dried by heating the biobacterium and far-infrared rays, a burner or the like is not required, so that the cost can be reduced safely and at a low cost.

In addition, flammable gas such as methane gas generated by decomposition and fermentation of garbage can be used for combustion, and smokeless, odorless and harmful gas can be made harmless by developing a high-temperature heating ceramic by microwave heating. And so on.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a small incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a thermoelectric element panel.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a thermoelectric power generation principle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 baseboard 2 refractory material 2a through hole 3 drying and heating chamber 4 main combustion chamber 5 smoke and deodorant chamber 6 thermoelectric element panel 6a thermoelectric element 7 element support material 8 heat resistant coating material 9 heat resistant adhesive 10 heat sink 10a terminal REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 11 bonded metal 12 flame path 13 harmful gas neutralizing far-infrared radiation ceramic 14 special high temperature heating ceramic A furnace body

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location H02N 11/00 H02N 11/00 A

Claims (1)

[Claims] An environment that completely combusts waste such as garbage, prevents the generation of white smoke and black smoke, and efficiently removes harmful gases based on microwave heating, bio, and special ceramic technologies. Heating two different types of metal conductors using conservation technology and waste heat to generate electromotive force, use this generated power as a power source for furnace operation, and use methane gas in the combustion chamber or deodorant. A small incinerator characterized by integrating energy saving means for effectively utilizing unused energy in a room with the above-mentioned environmental protection technology to thoroughly implement measures against air pollution of soot and particulate exhaust gas.