JPH1082076A - Rock ground-water intake installation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ground-water intake installation capable of efficiently taking and utilizing rock ground-water having possibility to obtain stabilized intake. SOLUTION: As a rock ground-water intake installation, a collecting tunnel 10 formed so as to fall down to a water collecting section 11 and a water supply tunnel 30 formed so as to fall down to the lower ground surface L from the water collecting section 11 and opened to the lower ground surface L are provided in a rock 2 of a bedrock 1 having difference of altitude on the ground surface. In that case, a shaft 20 passing through the high ground surface H and formed toward the high ground surface H and a partition wall 23 partitioning the shaft 20 into a space on the collecting tunnel 10 and a space 22 on the water supply tunnel 30 side and capable of optionally setting the height of a linked space between the spaces 21 and 22 are provided to the water collecting section 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bedrock groundwater intake facility for appropriately drawing bedrock groundwater flowing in bedrock and effectively utilizing the obtained water resources together with existing water resource storage facilities.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Water resources currently used for drinking water, industrial water, agricultural water and the like are mainly provided by water from natural waters such as rivers and lakes, water from dams, and groundwater pumping in soil. Have been done. However, the number of water intake facilities from rivers and lakes and locations suitable for dam construction are decreasing.
Also, in the case of groundwater pumping in soil, water intake tends to be limited due to the problem of groundwater level drop in the soil and land subsidence. Therefore, it is becoming difficult to secure water resources.

[0003] Therefore, alternative methods of securing water resources are being sought, one of which is a seawater desalination plant. According to this seawater desalination plant, it is possible to secure inexhaustible water resources from seawater, but on the other hand, equipment costs and operation costs are high, and at present it is not widely used.

[0004]

In consideration of the situation where the suitable area of the conventional water resources development facility is reduced, groundwater flowing in the rock which has not been used yet, that is, rock groundwater, is used as a new water resource. However, it has not been used yet, and no special water intake facilities or the like that can be effectively used as water resources have been proposed at present.

[0005] For example, spring water in a pit after the construction of a tunnel is generally treated as mere drainage. Drainage boring used for spring water countermeasures during construction is a temporary facility itself, and does not mean that spring water is effectively used.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rock groundwater intake facility capable of efficiently taking and utilizing rock groundwater that can be expected to have a stable water intake.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rock groundwater intake facility according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a groundwater collecting section is provided in a ground rock having a height difference on the ground surface. A water collection tunnel formed so as to descend toward the water surface, and a water transmission tunnel formed so as to descend from the water collection part toward the lower surface and open to the lower surface. A water collection pit formed toward the high ground surface and penetrating the ground surface, and the water collection pit is partitioned into a space on the water collection tunnel side and a space on the water transmission tunnel side, and the space on the water collection tunnel side and the water supply It is characterized in that a partition wall is provided which can arbitrarily set the height of a communication space with the space on the tunnel side.

A rock groundwater intake facility according to a second aspect of the present invention is the rock groundwater intake facility according to the first aspect, wherein the groundwater intake facility is provided at an intermediate position of the water supply tunnel and stores collected groundwater. And a water flow control device for controlling the flow rate of groundwater flowing out of the water storage cavity.

A rock groundwater intake facility according to a third aspect of the present invention is the rock groundwater intake facility according to the first or second aspect, wherein water is taken from a water source higher than the ground surface through which the water collection pit penetrates, and It is characterized by having a water supply channel for supplying water toward the sea.

A rock groundwater intake facility according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the rock groundwater intake facility according to any one of the first, second, and third aspects, wherein the water supply tunnel is connected to a lower-level water resource storage facility. It is characterized by:

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of a bedrock groundwater intake facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The rock groundwater intake facility shown in FIG. 1 is constructed on a ground 1 having a height difference on the ground surface such as a hill, and a water collecting tunnel 10 which is excavated at an angle in the rock 2 of the ground 1. Water collection tunnel 10
Is excavated vertically upward from the water collection section 11 where the groundwater gathers and is located at the entrance of
Pit (water collecting pit) 20 penetrating into the ground, and water is excavated from the water collecting part 11 inclining toward the lower surface L, and the lower surface L
And a water supply tunnel 30 that is open to the outside.

A large number of water collecting holes 12 for collecting groundwater flowing in the rock 2 are formed on the both side walls and the ceiling of the water collecting tunnel 10 toward the rock 2. On the bottom surface of the water collecting tunnel 10, there is formed a groove-shaped water conduit 13 for flowing the groundwater that has flowed downward.

Inside the shaft 20, there is provided a partition wall 23 for partitioning the shaft 20 into a space 21 on the side of the water collection tunnel 10 and a space 22 on the side of the water supply tunnel 30.
3 includes a plurality of valves 2 separated from each other at a required height.
4 are installed.

A water storage cavity 40 for storing collected groundwater is provided at an intermediate position of the water supply tunnel 30.
The water storage cavity 40 is provided with a valve 41 whose opening can be freely adjusted as a water supply control device for controlling the flow rate of groundwater flowing toward the lower surface L of the ground. In addition,
Among the water supply tunnels 30, a first water supply tunnel 31 located upstream of the water storage cavity 40 is opened at the ceiling of the water storage cavity 40, and a second water supply tunnel located downstream of the water storage cavity 40. 32 is opened at the bottom of the water storage cavity 40.

Further, a river (water source) located at a higher level than the high surface H through which the shaft 20 penetrates is located on the ground 1.
A water supply channel 50 that takes in water from the R and feeds water toward the shaft 20 is provided. The upper end of the water channel 50 is opened at a position exceeding the planned maximum water level (HWL) of the river R.
Further, a filtering device 51 for removing suspended matters and the like in the river water is provided at an intermediate position of the water supply channel 50.

In the rock groundwater intake system configured as described above, the groundwater flowing in the rock 2 is obtained as natural spring water by the energy generated from the height difference of the groundwater table. Effective water use can be achieved.

The groundwater flowing through the bedrock 2 moves toward the water collecting tunnel 10 located at a lower level than the groundwater surface, and springs out from the wall surface of the water collecting tunnel 10 and the water collecting hole 12.
The springed groundwater flows down the water collecting tunnel 10 to fill the water collecting part 11 and fill the space 21 on the water collecting tunnel 10 side. Even in this state, since the water level of the shaft 20 is lower than the groundwater level, the groundwater continues to flow into the water collecting tunnel 10, whereby the water level of the space 21 gradually increases.

If all the valves 24 are closed, as the water level in the space 21 rises and the difference from the groundwater level decreases, the amount of spring water in the water collection tunnel 10 is suppressed, and the space 2
When the water level 1 rises to the same level as the groundwater level, the spring water in the water collection tunnel 10 stops. Therefore, each valve 2
4 is opened by an arbitrary number from those located above, and the groundwater filled in the space 21 is discharged from the valves 24 toward the space 22 on the water transmission tunnel 30 side. At this time,
If the number of valves 24 to be opened is reduced and the water level of the space 21 is set higher, the amount of spring water in the water collecting tunnel 10 is reduced, the amount of water discharged from the valves 24 is reduced, and the number of valves 24 to be opened is reduced. If the water level of the space 21 is set lower by increasing the amount of water, the amount of spring water in the water collection tunnel 10 increases and the amount of water discharged from the valve 24 increases. Adjust the number of

The released groundwater flows down the first water supply tunnel 31, further flows down the second water supply tunnel 32 through the water storage cavity 40, and goes to the opening provided on the lower surface L, so that the amount of water supplied is The water is sent to the outside systematically while the storage in the water storage cavity 40 is planned by appropriately adjusting the opening degree of the valve 41 as a control device. In addition, since groundwater springs out from the surrounding bedrock 2 also into the underground cavity 40, this spring water is also taken and used effectively.

Further, when the water level of the river R exceeds the planned maximum water level, the river water of the increased water is taken in from the water supply channel 50, the suspended matter and the like are removed by the filtration device 51, and then the shaft of the shaft is removed. The water is supplied to the space 22 on the side of the water transmission tunnel 30 for effective use.

An effective method of operating a rocky groundwater intake facility in anticipation of a drought period is as follows.
The water level is set to a relatively high level so that the surrounding environment is not affected, and the groundwater discharged from the valve 24 and the groundwater discharged from the rock 2 into the storage cavity 40 are stored in the storage cavity 40. I do. When the storage volume of the water storage cavity 40 becomes the maximum, the groundwater corresponding to the rock groundwater amount (total water supply amount during normal years) obtained by adding the water amount of the groundwater discharged from the valve 24 and the water amount of the groundwater flowing into the water storage cavity 40 is calculated. Second
From the water supply tunnel 32 and is always used.

At the time of drought, the water level in the space 21 is lowered to set a large amount of water intake, and groundwater that is equal to or greater than the total water supply during normal years is used. In addition, if the storage amount of the storage cavity 40 is reduced, the amount of groundwater that springs out from the bedrock 2 into the storage cavity 40 increases, so that more groundwater can be used.

According to the rock groundwater intake system constructed as described above, the groundwater flowing through the rock 2 is collected by the collection tunnel 1.
The groundwater can be stored in the water collection tunnel 10 and the water collection unit 11 as natural spring water from the wall surface of the zero. Then, each valve 24 installed on the partition wall 23 is opened by an arbitrary number from those located above,
By arbitrarily setting the height of the communication space between the two spaces 21 and 22, the flow rate of the groundwater flowing into the water supply tunnel 30 from the water collecting part 11 can be adjusted stepwise. Furthermore, by discharging groundwater obtained as natural spring water from the lower surface L through the water supply tunnel 30, water can be taken without using equipment such as a pumping device. As a result, the construction cost and operation cost of the pumping device and the like become unnecessary, and the cost can be significantly reduced in constructing and operating the facility.

Since the rock groundwater is not easily affected by the weather and the like, and a stable water intake can be expected, the groundwater can be stored in the water storage cavity 40 while water is supplied to the outside.
By discharging the stored groundwater at the time of drought or the like, it is possible to use water more than the amount of the groundwater taken from the water collection tunnel 10, thereby enabling stable water supply even at the time of drought. Furthermore, since groundwater springs out from the surrounding bedrock 2 also into the underground cavity 40, this spring water can also be taken and used.

Further, by taking water from the river R whose water level has increased through the water supply channel 50 and sending it to the space 22 on the side of the water supply tunnel 30, the amount of water stored in the water storage cavity 40 is also utilized utilizing water obtained from other water sources. Can be increased.

If the groundwater stored in the water storage cavity 40 is constantly discharged regardless of the amount of water, the groundwater flowing in the rock 2 around the water storage cavity 40 goes to the water storage cavity 40, and the groundwater stored in the water storage cavity 40 2, it is possible to realize a rational storage method that does not cause leakage of stored water. Therefore, the water storage cavity 40 does not require technologies such as rolled concrete and steel plate lining for the purpose of preventing leakage, and construction costs can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, a plurality of valves 24 are installed on the partition wall 23, and the flow rate of the groundwater flowing into the water supply tunnel 30 from the water collecting section 11 is controlled by opening and closing these valves. A partition which can expand and contract in the height direction may be adopted.

If an air vent pipe is provided from the highest part of the water storage cavity 40 through the first water supply tunnel 31 and the shaft 20, almost 100% of the water storage cavity 40 can be used for storing groundwater.

Next, a second embodiment of the rock groundwater intake facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The rock groundwater intake facility shown in FIG. 2 is constructed in a mountain 1 having a height difference on the ground surface such as a hill, and a water collection tunnel excavated in the rock 2 in substantially the same manner as in the first embodiment. 10 and a shaft 20 excavated vertically upward from a water collecting section 11 where groundwater gathers.
And a water supply tunnel 30 which is excavated at an angle from the water collecting part 11 and opened to the lower surface L.

However, in this rocky groundwater intake facility, a water storage cavity is not provided at an intermediate position of the water supply tunnel 30, and the water supply tunnel 30 is connected to a dam reservoir (water resource storage facility) D adjacent to the water supply tunnel. ing. In addition, the tip of the water supply tunnel 30, which is the deepest part of the facility, is located at a level equal to or higher than the water use capacity water level (HWL) of the dam reservoir D.

In the rock groundwater intake facility configured as described above, the groundwater flowing in the rock 2 is obtained as natural spring water. Since the rock groundwater is less likely to be affected by weather and the like, and a stable water intake can be expected, the groundwater obtained from the facility can be used even when the storage volume of the dam reservoir D decreases due to a long-term decrease in precipitation due to abnormal weather, for example. By discharging water to the dam reservoir D, the amount of water stored can be restored. As a result, the planned flow rate of the dam reservoir D is covered, and stable water supply can be performed without being affected by abnormal weather.

[0032]

As described above, according to the rocky groundwater intake facility according to the first aspect, by forming a water collection tunnel in the rock, groundwater flowing in the rock is removed from the wall surface of the water collection tunnel. Can be obtained as natural spring water,
This groundwater can be stored in a collection tunnel and a collection section. In the water collection section, a water collection pit penetrating the high ground surface is formed. By setting the height of the communication space of
It is possible to freely adjust the flow rate of groundwater flowing from the collection tunnel to the water transmission tunnel. In addition, by constructing the facility on the ground with a height difference on the ground surface, forming a water tunnel from the catchment part toward the lower ground surface and opening it to the lower ground surface, as natural spring water The obtained groundwater can be withdrawn without using equipment such as a pumping device. For these reasons, the construction cost and operation cost of the pumping device and the like are not required, and a significant cost reduction can be achieved in constructing and operating the facility.

According to the rock groundwater intake system of the present invention, groundwater is stored in the water storage cavity while water is being supplied to the outside, and the stored groundwater is discharged in the event of drought or the like. As a result, it is possible to use water more than the amount of groundwater taken from the collection tunnel, thereby enabling stable water supply. In addition, groundwater springs out of the surrounding bedrock into the underground cavities, so this spring can be taken and used.

According to the rocky groundwater intake facility of the third aspect, a water supply channel is provided from a water source higher than the surface through which the water collection pit penetrates to the water collection pit to obtain water from another water source. Water can be used to increase the storage capacity of the storage cavity.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, groundwater obtained from the rocky groundwater intake facility is discharged to the water resource storage facility by connecting the water supply tunnel to the lower-level water resource storage facility. This can restore the water storage. As a result, the planned flow rate of the water resource storage facility can be covered, and stable water supply can be performed without being affected by abnormal weather or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a rock groundwater intake facility of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a rock groundwater intake facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ground 2 Rock 10 Water collection tunnel 20 Vertical shaft (water collection pit) 21 Space on water collection tunnel side 22 Space on water transmission tunnel side 23 Partition wall 24 Valve 30 Water transmission tunnel 40 Water storage cavity 50 Water channel H High surface L Low surface R River (water source) D Dam reservoir (water resource storage facility)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Suzuki 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation (72) Inventor Takuro Nishi 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hisashi Takenaka 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor One Capital Shimiura 1-2-3, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation

Claims (4)

[Claims] A water collection tunnel formed in a bedrock of a ground having a height difference on the ground surface so as to descend toward a water collecting portion, and a water collecting tunnel formed to descend from the water collecting portion to a lower surface. Formed,
A water transmission tunnel opened to a lower ground surface, wherein the water collecting portion is formed toward the higher ground surface, and a water collection pit penetrating the ground surface, and the water collection pit is provided on the water collection tunnel side. A bedrock which is divided into a space and a space on the side of the water supply tunnel, and is provided with a partition wall which can arbitrarily set a height of a communication space between the space on the side of the water collection tunnel and the space on the side of the water supply tunnel. Groundwater intake facility. 2. A rock groundwater intake facility according to claim 1, wherein the groundwater is provided at an intermediate position of the water supply tunnel and stores the collected groundwater, and the flow rate of the groundwater flowing out of the water storage cavity is reduced. A rock groundwater intake facility, comprising: a water supply control device for controlling the water supply. 3. The rocky groundwater intake facility according to claim 1, further comprising a water supply channel that takes in water from a water source higher than the ground surface penetrated by the water collection pit and feeds water to the water collection pit. A rocky groundwater intake facility. 4. The rock groundwater intake facility according to claim 1, wherein the water supply tunnel is connected to a low-level water resource storage facility.