JPH108074A - Carbonizing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly productive carbonizing unit capable of giving a highly useful carbonized product and combustible gas through roasting wood chips, rubber chips and plastic pieces fed thereinto, solid fuels made from combustible wastes, and/or organic pieces such as fowl droppings in a pollutionless way. SOLUTION: This carbonizing unit 1 is made up of a cylindrical carbonizing oven 10 into which wood chips, rubber chips, plastic pieces, solid fuels made from combustible wastes, and/or organic pieces such as fowl droppings M1 are to be fed from above, an ignition oven 30 to partially burn the organic pieces M1 or a carbonized product M2 therefrom following their (its) feed from the lower end of the carbonizing oven 10 by a carrying means 20 of low working speed and to feed the resultant combustion gas G1 into the lower part of the carbonizing oven 10, a burning air feed pipe 35 connected to the ignition oven 30 and equipped with a valve 36 to control the amount of burning air inside the ignition oven 30, a combustible gas drawing means 15 to draw a combustible gas G2 from the carbonizing oven 10, and a carbonized product drawing means 40 to draw a carbonized product M3 from the ignition oven 30.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
Plastic pieces, solid fuel made from combustible waste,
The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus for producing a carbide by steaming organic matter pieces such as chicken dung in an oxygen-deficient state.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the environment surrounding waste has changed,
Following the "Recycling Resource Promotion Act"
In June 1995, the “Act on the Promotion of Separated Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging (Container and Packaging Recycling Law)” was enacted and promulgated, and the previously stable waste was changed to a management type. The landfill has not been easy. With such a change in living environment, many attempts have been made to reuse waste as much as possible.

[0003] As a waste recycling technique that has been attempted, flammable waste containing plastic is crushed.
In some cases, the plastic is melted by kneading and compression to produce a solid fuel using the melt as a binder. This type of solid fuel has a high calorific value and is useful as a boiler fuel.

[0004]

However, organic fuel pieces such as wood chips, rubber pieces, plastic pieces, and combustible waste, such as solid fuel and poultry manure, are separated from raw materials of solid fuel. If it is steamed, it can be effectively used as charcoal and combustible gas. These carbides are used not only as fuel, but also as soil improvement materials, river pollution absorption materials, deodorizing materials, etc., and combustible gas is used as fuel for gas engines and converted into electric power and power.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has been developed in consideration of the above circumstances. Solid fuel made from wood, rubber, plastic, and combustible waste supplied intermittently or continuously. It is another object of the present invention to provide a highly productive carbonization apparatus capable of obtaining highly useful carbide and combustible gas by steaming organic matter pieces such as chicken dung without pollution.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a carbonizing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a solid fuel made from wood pieces, rubber pieces, plastic pieces, combustible waste, poultry manure. And the organic material pieces are supplied from above through an air seal valve, and the supply of the supplied organic material pieces or the carbide thereof is received by a low-speed conveying means which is cut off from the outside air from a lower end of the furnace. An ignition furnace for sending combustion gas to a lower portion of the carbonization furnace, a combustion air supply pipe having a valve connected to the ignition furnace to control the amount of combustion air therein, and a combustible gas from the carbonization furnace. It comprises a combustible gas extracting means for extracting gas and a carbide extracting means for extracting carbide from the ignition furnace.

[0007] In the carbonization apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, at the start of operation, the wood pieces and the rubber pieces supplied to the carbonization furnace,
Plastic pieces, solid fuel made from combustible waste,
A part of the organic matter pieces such as chicken dung is sent from the lower end of the carbonization furnace to the ignition furnace by the transport means, where it is ignited and burned to generate combustion gas. The combustion gas at about 350 ° C. is sent to the lower part of the carbonization furnace, but since the carrying-out speed of the transportation means, which is cut off from the outside air, is slow, the supplied organic matter pieces deposited in the carbonization furnace are sufficiently heated over time. . However, even when heated, the organic matter pieces are burnt due to the limited combustion due to lack of oxygen, resulting in highly usable carbides and combustible gases. The carbide is taken out of the ignition furnace by the carbide taking out means, and the combustible gas is taken out of the carbonizing furnace by the combustible gas taking out means. This generation is carried out pollution-free with almost no vibration, noise and odor.

As described in claim 2, when the valve for controlling the amount of air is controlled in opening or opening / closing by an oxygen concentration meter provided in the ignition furnace, combustion of the supplied organic matter pieces is minimized. It is possible to perform optimal steaming while suppressing.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the carbonization furnace is provided with a plurality of openings and an annular box corresponding to a tuyere of a cupola and a wind box at a lower portion thereof, and combustion gas is introduced from the annular box and the openings. In this case, the supplied organic matter pieces deposited in the carbonization furnace can be uniformly steamed through the combustion gas from the ignition furnace.

[0010] If the carbonization furnace has a water seal type explosion-proof safety valve with a water tap on its upper part, the simple and inexpensive explosion-proof safety valve can cause abnormalities in the carbonization furnace due to flammable gas ignition or the like. Prevents pressure rise and explosion accident.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, when the conveying means is constituted by a screw conveyor having a cooling water passage inside the rotating shaft, the conveying means having a structure cut off from the outside air can be prepared relatively easily. Further, in the steamed state, high-temperature carbide can be sent from the lower end of the carbonization furnace to the ignition furnace at a low speed.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a carbonizing device of a representative embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view taken along line II-II in FIG.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a carbonization apparatus 1 according to a representative embodiment of the present invention comprises a wood piece, a rubber piece, a plastic piece, a solid fuel made from combustible waste, and an organic matter piece M1 such as chicken dung. A cylindrical carbonization furnace 10 supplied from above through a seal valve 13 and a supply unit 20 having a lower operating speed than a lower end opening 14 thereof are supplied with the supplied organic material pieces M1 or the carbides M2 thereof at the start of operation, and The combustion gas G1 is burned and the combustion gas G1 is
An ignition furnace 30 to be sent to a lower portion of the furnace, a combustion air supply pipe 35 connected to the ignition furnace 30 and provided with a valve 36 for controlling the amount of combustion air therein, and a combustible gas withdrawing the combustible gas G2 from the carbonization furnace 10. It comprises a tube 15 and a carbide take-out conveyor 40 for taking out the product carbide M3 from the ignition furnace 30.

The cylindrical carbonizing furnace 10 has a structure similar to a cupola, and is provided with an air seal valve (rotary valve) 13 for supplying an organic piece M1 on an upper end wall 11A of an outer cylinder 11, and from the upper end wall 11A. Inside the porous inner cylinder 12 is suspended from the lower end opening 14. At the upper end of the outer cylinder 11, a flammable gas take-out pipe 15 for taking out flammable gas G2 generated by steaming the organic matter piece M1 and a water seal type explosion-proof safety valve 16 with a water tap are attached. A water-seal type explosion-proof safety valve 16 with a water tap is provided with a cap 16 pressed by a spring 16D into a water receiver 16B filled with water.
At C, the pipe 16A around which the water receiver 16B is provided is closed, and this simple and inexpensive structure prevents abnormal pressure rise in the carbonization furnace due to flammable gas ignition or the like, and prevents an explosion accident. The water level of the water receiver 16B is the water tap 1 of the float control.
It is kept constant at 6E.

A plurality of openings 11B corresponding to the tuyere of the cupola are formed below the outer cylinder 11, and an annular box 17 corresponding to a wind box is attached so as to surround the plurality of openings 11B. The combustion gas G1 of about 350 ° C. sent from the ignition furnace 30 through the gas supply pipe 25 connected to the
1B, the supply organic material piece M1 deposited in the carbonization furnace 10
, And is uniformly introduced to the whole to promote carbonization sequentially from top to bottom. An opening / closing lid 17A for internal inspection is attached to the annular box 17.

The ignition furnace 30 comprises a cylindrical portion 31 and an inverted truncated conical portion 32 forming the bottom thereof.
A water-sealable explosion-proof safety valve 16 with a water tap having the same structure as the above-mentioned one 16 is mounted on the upper end wall 31 </ b> A, and the upper part is connected to the above-mentioned annular box 17 via a gas supply pipe 25. The carbide M2 sent from the furnace 10 is partially burned in the inverted frustoconical portion 32 to generate the combustion gas G1 while always maintaining the kind of fire, and to supply the combustion gas G1 to the annular box 17. In the gas supply pipe 25, a screen 26 for blocking sparks is provided.

The inverted frustoconical portion 32 at the bottom of the ignition furnace 30
Is provided with a ring-shaped combustion air supply pipe 35 communicating with the inside thereof. The supply pipe 35 has an oxygen concentration meter 39 that measures the amount of combustion air inside the ignition furnace 30 so that soot is not generated. A combustion air supply main pipe 37 provided with a solenoid valve 36 whose opening degree is adjusted or opened and closed so that oxygen approaches zero. The combustion air supply main pipe 37 is always supplied with combustion air from a blower. A carbide take-out conveyor 40 is connected to the lower end opening of the truncated conical portion 32, and a rotary seal valve 45 for taking out the product carbide M3 while preventing air from entering is attached to the outlet thereof.

The conveying means 20 provided from the lower end opening 14 of the cylindrical carbonization furnace 10 to the inverted frustoconical portion 32 at the bottom of the ignition furnace 30 in a state of being shielded from the outside air has a rotating shaft 21 with a geared motor 22. The screw feeder is rotated at a low speed to feed slowly, and comprises a screw conveyor provided with a cooling water passage 21 </ b> A inside the rotating shaft 21 and covered with a cooling water jacket 24. The piece M1 is steamed for a sufficient time. Cooling water passage 21A of rotating shaft 21
The cooling water supplied to the cooling water jacket 24 is cooled in the tank T and then circulated in a closed circuit by the pump P. The carbide take-out conveyor 40 has substantially the same configuration as the screw conveyor 20 and is cooled.

[0019]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the carbonizing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, at the start of operation, wood pieces or rubber pieces sent from the carbonizing furnace by the conveying means,
Plastic pieces, solid fuel made from combustible waste,
Organic matter pieces such as chicken dung are ignited in an ignition furnace and burned to generate combustion gas, and the combustion gas at about 350 ° C. is sent to the lower part of the carbonization furnace to start carbonization work. Since the unloading speed is low, the supplied organic material pieces deposited in the carbonization furnace can be sufficiently heated over time. Therefore, even if heated, the organic matter pieces are burnt due to the limited combustion due to lack of oxygen, and are converted into carbides and combustible gases having high utility value without pollution. The carbide is taken out of the ignition furnace by the carbide taking out means, and the combustible gas is taken out of the carbonizing furnace by the combustible gas taking out means.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the valve for controlling the amount of air is controlled in opening or opening / closing by the oxygen concentration meter provided in the ignition furnace. Optimum steaming can be performed while minimizing the amount.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the carbonization furnace has a plurality of openings and an annular box corresponding to the tuyere of the cupola and a wind box at a lower portion thereof, and the combustion gas is supplied from the annular box and the openings. Because of the introduction, the supplied organic matter pieces deposited in the carbonization furnace can be uniformly steamed through the combustion gas from the ignition furnace.

According to the present invention, since the carbonization furnace has a water seal type explosion-proof safety valve with a water tap on its upper part, the explosion-proof safety valve having a simple and inexpensive structure can be used to ignite combustible gas. It can prevent abnormal pressure rise in the carbonization furnace due to, and can prevent explosion accident.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the transporting means is constituted by the screw conveyor having the cooling water passage inside the rotary shaft, the transporting means having a structure cut off from the outside air can be relatively provided. It is easy to prepare, and in the steamed state, high-temperature carbide can be sent from the lower end of the carbonization furnace to the ignition furnace at a low speed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a carbonization device of a representative embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbonization apparatus 10 Carbonization furnace 11B opening 13 Air seal valve 15 Flammable gas extracting means 16 Water seal type explosion-proof safety valve with water tap 17 Annular box 20 Conveying means (screw conveyor) 21 Rotary shaft 21A cooling water passage 30 Ignition furnace 35 Combustion air supply Pipe 36 Valve for controlling the amount of combustion air 39 Oxygen meter 40 Carbide removal means G1 Combustion gas G2 Combustible gas M1 Organic matter M2 Carbide M3 Product carbide

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A tubular carbonization furnace in which wood pieces, rubber pieces, plastic pieces, solid fuel produced from combustible waste, and organic matter pieces such as chicken dung are supplied from above through an air seal valve. An ignition furnace for receiving the supply of the supplied organic matter pieces or the carbide thereof and partially burning the supply of the supplied organic matter pieces or the carbide thereof by a conveyance means having a low speed and being connected to the ignition furnace for sending combustion gas to a lower part of the carbonization furnace; A combustion air supply pipe provided with a valve for controlling the amount of combustion air inside the combustion furnace; combustible gas extracting means for extracting combustible gas from the carbonizing furnace; and carbide extracting means for extracting carbide from the ignition furnace. 2. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the valve for controlling the amount of air is controlled in opening or opening / closing by an oxygen concentration meter provided in the ignition furnace. 3. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of openings and an annular box corresponding to a tuyere of a cupola and a wind box at a lower portion thereof, and introducing the combustion gas from the annular box and the openings. Carbonization equipment. 4. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization furnace has a water seal type explosion-proof safety valve with a water tap at an upper part thereof. 5. The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said conveying means comprises a screw conveyor having a cooling water passage inside a rotating shaft.