JPH1058039A - Equipment and method for straightening long member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently provide straightness over a whole length of a long member with excellent accuracy without specially improving an accuracy of an press straightening. SOLUTION: First to fourth sensors 17-20 are provided on a press body 1 with equal intervals to detect a bend of a span before press straightening of a guide rail 11 to be carried to the press body 1 and a bend of the span after a press straightening respectively. The thrust quantity in the press body is calculated by performing a feedback of a history of the bend of the span after the press straightening.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device and a method for correcting a long material such as a guide rail of an elevator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, as a method for obtaining straightness of a long material such as an elevator guide rail by press correction, a correction method using a roller leveler, a correction method using a local bending press, and the like are known. Among these, the correction method using a roller leveler is a method in which a long material is repeatedly bent by passing a long material between a number of rollers arranged alternately up and down to gradually reduce the curvature. In the correction method by local bending and pressing, the two receiving dies are arranged so that the span can be adjusted, and in the state where the straightened portion of the long material is applied to these receiving dies, the middle part of the span is pressed through the pressing die with a press. This is a pressing method, and such a pressing operation is repeatedly performed while feeding the long material at a predetermined pitch.

Further, there is a method in which the local bending is manually pushed. In this method, each time a local part is pressed, the next pressing position and the amount of pressing are determined, and the correction operation and the measurement operation are repeated by trial and error until a desired straightness is obtained.

[0004] Further, a conventional long material straightening apparatus for automating the local bending and pushing operation includes a press portion for pressing a local portion of the long material, a portion for measuring the bending of the entire length of the long material, and
It has a calculation part for determining the pressing position and the pressing amount, and a transporter for moving the long material to the pressing position.

In such an apparatus, first, a bent shape over the entire length of a long material is measured, and several pressing positions and a pressing amount at each position are calculated from the shape. Thereafter, the long material is moved to the pressing position by the transfer device, and the obtained pushing amount is given. After the press straightening is completed in this way, the measurement over the entire length is performed again to confirm whether the desired straightness has been obtained. If the accuracy is poor, the above operation is repeated until the required straightness is obtained.

[0006] Conventional correction devices of this type include:
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-146422,
JP-A-09-724, JP-A-7-9032, and JP-A-7-265954 are known.

[0007]

Among the conventional methods for correcting long materials as described above, the method using a roller leveler is as follows.
It is used for straightening of H-section steel, etc., and can be bent in a single pass, so that it is efficient. However, since it gives excessive deformation irrespective of the bent shape of long material, its straightening accuracy is ± 25 mm / It is about 12 m, and sufficient straightness cannot be obtained.

In the method of manually performing the local bending and pressing, it is necessary to determine the next pressing position and the pressing amount each time the local portion of the long material is pressed, so that it relies on the intuition and experience of a skilled worker. The required correction accuracy can only be obtained by work, and the efficiency is very poor.

Further, in the method of automatically performing the local bending and pushing by the straightening device, it is necessary to measure the amount of bending over the entire length of the long material and to calculate the pressing position and the pushing amount before pressing. For this reason, a measuring device for accurately measuring the entire length of the long material is required, which occupies a large space, and the equipment cost is enormous. Further, since the pressing position and the pressing amount are determined in advance, the straightness over the entire length of the long material cannot be obtained unless the long material is plastically deformed with extremely high precision at all the pressing positions. However, it is difficult to accurately plastically deform the guide rails of an elevator or the like due to subtle differences in the components and shapes of the materials, and it is necessary to repeat the operation many times until a desired straightness is obtained.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide a device and a method for correcting a long material, which can efficiently obtain high-precision straightness. With the goal.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for correcting a long material, comprising: a press body for press-correcting the bending of the long material; A plurality of transport devices, which are provided in the press machine body and detect the amount of bending of the span before press straightening of the long material conveyed to the press machine body, and the amount of bending of the span after press straightening, respectively. A sensor, a calculating device for calculating the amount of indentation in the press machine body from the history of the amount of bending of the span before press straightening of the long material and the amount of bending of the span after press straightening, and according to information from the calculating device. And a control device for controlling the press machine body and the transfer device.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for correcting a long material, wherein at least four length measuring sensors for detecting a distance to the long material are used as sensors.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for correcting a long material, wherein sensors are provided at equal intervals, and the interval between the sensors is equal to the transport pitch of the long material.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for correcting a long material, in which the long material can be conveyed in both directions with respect to the press machine body, and five sensors are provided at equal intervals.
The number of bends in the span after press straightening is measured by three sensors, and the amount of bend in the span before press straightening is measured by three sensors from the upstream side in the transport direction of the long material.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a straightening device for a long material, comprising a rail clamp device which holds the long material and moves in the longitudinal direction of the long material by rotating a ball screw. And a transport device for transporting long materials.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for straightening a long material, wherein the long material is conveyed to a press body at a predetermined pitch, and the long material is straightened by a press body in a span-by-span sequence. A method of straightening long material, wherein the amount of plastic deformation to be applied to the span before press straightening of the long material conveyed to the press machine body is determined by the amount of bending of the span and the amount of bending of the span after press straightening. The amount of indentation in the press body is obtained from the history and the amount of plastic deformation to be given.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the method for correcting a long material, the amount of plastic deformation d _n to be applied to the n-th span from the input end to the press body is calculated by the following equation: d _n = Σδ ' _K-1 + δ It is obtained by _n . However, [delta] _n bend amount before correction of the n-th span, [delta] _'K-1 bend amount after correction of K-1 th span, [delta]' _K-1 of the total range is K = 2- through n is there.

In the method for correcting a long material according to the invention of claim 8, the amount of plastic deformation dn desired to be applied to the n-th span from the input end to the press body is determined by _n- th from the first after press correction.
The distance γ _n between the point P _n and the least-squares straight line at the points P _{1 to} P _{n− 1 that} define the _first span is determined to be zero.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for correcting a long material, wherein the long material is conveyed at a pitch which is a half of a press width in a press body.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1 FIG. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a press straightening apparatus for a long material according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. In this example, an apparatus for correcting a guide rail of an elevator as a long material. Is shown.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a press body for press-correcting the bending of the guide rail, and 2 denotes a transfer device provided on both sides of the press body 1 for transferring the guide rail to the press body 1. Each of the transfer devices 2 is provided with a rail clamp device 3 that holds the guide rail and moves in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail. Further, the rail clamp device 3 is adapted to be moved by the rotation of the ball screw 3a. 4 is the press machine body 1
, A control device for controlling the entire correction device, and 6 a free roller for supporting the guide rail.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing a main part of the press body 1 of FIG. In the drawing, reference numeral 11 denotes a guide rail as a long material, and the guide rail 1 of the elevator.
For example, 1 is 5 m or 4 m. 12
Is a fixed base, 13 is a pair of receiving dies provided on the fixed base 12 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 11, 14 is provided opposite to the fixed base 12, and is in a direction of coming into contact with and separating from the fixed base 12. The movable movable base 15 is a pair of push dies provided on the movable base 14 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 11.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a guide roller for positioning the guide rail 11 in the press body 1. Reference numerals 17 to 20 are provided at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 11, and each of the guide rails 11 locally bends. The sensors 17 to 20 are, for example, contact type length measuring sensors.

Next, the operation will be described. FIGS. 4 and 5 are explanatory diagrams for explaining how to determine the pushing amount in the press body 1 of FIG. 1, and flowcharts for explaining the operation of the apparatus of FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the sensor tip P ₁ is the third guide rails 11 1
Until the position 9 is reached, the guide rail 11 is transported by the transport device 2 on the left side of FIG. 1 and is loaded into the press machine body 1 (step S1).

In this state, the first to third sensors 1
The bending amounts between the spans P _{1 and} P ₃ before straightening to be pressed are measured by steps 7, 18, and 19 (step S).
3). That is, if the distance to the guide rail 11 which is measured by the sensor 17, 18, and 19 and L _1, L _2, L _3, respectively, curve amount [delta] ₁ between the span P ₁ P ₃ is, [delta] ₁ = | L ₂ ｜
− | L ₁ + L ₃ | / 2.

Thereafter, the amount of plastic deformation to be given is calculated by the arithmetic unit 4 based on δ ₁ (Step S).
3). Here, the interval between the spans P _{1 and} P ₃ is the end of the guide rail 11 and the first press correction is performed. Therefore, the desired amount of plastic deformation d ₁ is d ₁ = δ ₁ as it is.

Next, it is determined whether or not the obtained amount of plastic deformation d ₁ is equal to or greater than a preset threshold value (step 4). This threshold is determined according to the accuracy of the press body 1 and the like, and can be set to, for example, about 0.2 mm. If plastic deformation d ₁ to be supplied is equal to or more than the threshold, the push amount F ₁ by press mold 15, wherein F ₁ = Kd
It is calculated from ₁ (step S5).

K in the above equation is a constant determined by experiment. That is, the amount of plastic deformation of the guide rail 11 after unloading with respect to a certain amount of indentation is obtained using a weight tester. Such an experiment is performed many times by changing the pushing amount, and an approximate straight line is obtained from the obtained discrete data by the least square method, and K is obtained from the straight line.

[0029] In this manner, the press-down amount F ₁ obtained, transported to the pressing position between the receiving die 13 and the guide rail 11 presses die 15, i.e. the sensor 17-2
By one pitch of 0 is conveyed (step S6), and is pressed corrected by push amount F ₁ (step S7). At this time, since the receiving die 13 and the pressing die 15 are respectively movable in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 11, by opening one of the receiving die 13 and the pressing die 15 and closing the other, Press straightening can be performed according to the bending direction of the guide rail 11.

On the other hand, if the amount of plastic deformation d _{1 to} be given is smaller than the threshold value, the sheet is immediately conveyed by one pitch of the sensors 17 to 20 without obtaining the amount of pressing or correcting the press (step). S8).

As described above, after the press straightening is performed,
Alternatively, after the guide rail 11 is simply conveyed without press correction, it is determined whether or not the guide rail 11 has been conveyed to the end (step S9). Span correction work will be performed.

At the time of correction between the next spans P _{2 and} P ₄ , not only the bending amount δ ₂ = | L ₃ | − | L ₂ + L ₄ | / 2 of this portion but also the span P ₁ that was corrected immediately before the press. The corrected bending amount δ ′ ₁ = | L ₂ | − | L ₁ + L ₃ | / 2 of P ₃ is measured by the second to fourth sensors 18 to 20. The amount of plastic deformation to be applied to the span P ₂ P ₄ is d
₂ becomes d ₂ = δ ′ ₁ + δ ₂ . The same operation is repeated for the subsequent spans.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a generalization of the subsequent operation. In the figure, the span between the spans P _{n−1 and} P _{n +1} is the span where the press straightening is to be performed, and the span between the spans P ₁ P ₃ to the span P
_The interval between _{n-2 and Pn} is the span where press straightening has already been performed. Further, L _n is the distance between the sensor 17 to 20 and the guide rail 11. The curve amount [delta] _n between the span P _n-1 P _{n +} 1 _{is, δ n = | L n |} - | represented by _{/ 2 | L n-1 +} L n + 1. Also, the bending amount δ ′ _n−1 between the spans P _n−2 P _n already press-corrected is δ ′ _n−1 = | L _n−1 | − | L _{n −2} + L
_n | / 2.

Further, the amount of plastic deformation d _{n to be} given between the spans P _{n-1 and} P _{n + 1} is obtained by the following equation. d _n = Σδ ' _K-1 + δ _n However, the total range of δ' _K-1 is K = 2 to n.

If a relatively inaccurate press machine 1 is used as the press machine body 1, the local straightness in each span naturally depends on the correction accuracy. However, calculated by the above equation plastic deformation d _n to be applied between the span _{P n-1 P n + 1} , by repeating the sequential press straightening the distal portion of the guide rail 11, correction accuracy of the press machine 1 is comparative The straightness over the entire length of the guide rail 11 is highly accurate even if the target remains poor.

As described above, the relationship between the amount of indentation and the amount of plastic deformation varies, for example, by about 0.1 to 0.2 mm / 500 mm depending on the composition of the material and the dimensional accuracy. On the other hand, in the conventional method of measuring the bending of the entire length first and determining the pressing position and the pushing amount, in order to obtain high-precision straightness over the entire length, the accuracy of the press in all spans is considerably increased. It is necessary to raise it, and in fact, the correction work will be repeated many times.

However, in this example, since the bending history after press straightening is fed back to determine the amount of plastic deformation to be applied to the span for the next press straightening, the guide rail 11 can be properly adjusted without changing the accuracy of press straightening. By bending, good results can be obtained for straightness over the entire length.

The amount of bending can be detected by using at least three sensors. In the above example, since four sensors 17 to 20 are used, these sensors 17 to 20 are fixed and δ _n and δ ′ _n−1 can be detected at the same time.

Further, as shown in FIG.
By setting half of the interval of 5 as the pitch of the sensors 17 to 20 and the conveyance pitch of the guide rail 11, the press positions can be overlapped by half of the span, and the bending at the press branch point can be corrected. Can be.

Further, since the rail clamp device 3 is driven by the ball screw 3a, the positioning accuracy is high and the transport pitch can be easily changed.

The receiving die 13 and the pressing die 15 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 11, but if the distance between the pair of receiving die 13 and the distance between the pair of pressing die 15 can be adjusted, respectively. It is possible to change the bending moment and the like applied to the guide rail 11 in the same press machine body 1, so that the optimum interval can be selected according to the type of the guide rail 11 and the like, and the accuracy of the press itself can be improved. Can be.

Embodiment 2 Next, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method of obtaining the pushing amount in the press body according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this example, as a method for obtaining the plastic deformation amount d _n to be applied between the span _{P n-1 P n + 1} , the minimum square method is used when feeding back the history of the bend after pressing correction. In FIG. 7, the least-squares straight line X at the points P _{1 to} P _n−1 that have already been corrected indicates the distance between the points P _{1 to} P _n and the approximate straight line by γ ′ _K (K = 1,. .., N−1), it can be obtained such that Σ (γ ′ _K−1 ) ² → minimum. However, (γ ′
_K-1 ) The total range of ² is K = 2 to n.

[0043] Then, the span P _n-1 P n ₊ plastic deformation d _n to be applied between ₁ distance gamma _n already the least square straight line and the point P _n in the P ₁ to P _n-1 that were corrected Should be given to be zero. Other device configurations and operations are the same as in the first embodiment.

According to such a method, the calculation for obtaining the desired amount of plastic deformation is slightly complicated, but the straightness over the entire length can be made more accurate.

Embodiment 3 In the above description, only the vertical bending correction in FIG. 3 is shown. However, the guide rail 11 of the T-shaped cross section corrects the bending in the front-rear direction and the direction perpendicular thereto (BG direction). In such a case, for example, after correcting the bending in the front-rear direction, the guide rail 11 is turned 90 ° by a reversing device, and then the guide rail 11 is transported in a direction opposite to the direction of the correction in the front-rear direction. The bending in the BG direction may be corrected in the same manner.

When the guide rail 11 is reciprocated with respect to the press machine main body 1 for correction as described above, the fifth sensor 21 is provided at equal intervals with the other sensors 17 to 20 as shown in FIG. Accordingly, even if the guide rail 11 is conveyed in any direction of the arrow AB in FIG. 7, the same press correction as in the first embodiment can be performed. That is, arrow A in FIG.
In the case where the sheet is conveyed in the same direction as in the first embodiment, the first to third sensors 17, 18, and 19 measure the amount of bending before straightening, and the second to fourth sensors 1
The bending amount after the correction is measured by 8, 19, and 20.
In the case of transporting in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 7, the amount of bending before straightening is measured by the third to fifth sensors 19, 20, and 21, and the second to fourth sensors 18, 19, 2 are measured.
With 0, the amount of bending after correction is measured.

On the other hand, the amount of bending can be measured by at least three sensors. Therefore, if the three sensors are moved in the longitudinal direction of the long material, the working efficiency and the measurement accuracy are slightly reduced. However, it is also possible to measure the amount of bending before and after correction with only three sensors.

In the above example, the contact type length measuring sensors are shown as the sensors 17 to 20. However, for example, a non-contact type laser length measuring sensor may be used.

Further, in each of the above examples, the guide rails 11 of the elevator are shown as long members. However, the present invention can be applied to various long members if correction is required, such as steel such as H-section steel. Is applicable.

[0050]

As described above, the long material straightening apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided with a plurality of sensors on the press machine main body, and before the straightening of the long material conveyed to the press machine main body. Since the amount of bending of the span and the amount of bending of the span after press straightening are respectively detected and the history of the amount of bending of the span after press straightening is added to calculate the amount of indentation in the press machine body, the press straightening is performed. The straightness over the entire length of the long material can be efficiently and accurately increased without particularly improving the precision of the long material.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for correcting a long material, wherein the sensor detects a distance to the long material.
Since a plurality of length measuring sensors are used, it is possible to simultaneously detect the amount of bending of the long material before and after the correction with a simple configuration.

In the apparatus for correcting long material according to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensors are provided at equal intervals, and the interval between the sensors is equal to the conveying pitch of the long material. Can be efficiently detected.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for correcting a long material, wherein the long material can be transported in both directions with respect to the press machine body, five sensors are provided at equal intervals, and three central members are provided. The sensor measures the amount of bending of the span after press straightening,
Since the bend amount of the span before press straightening is measured by three sensors from the upstream side in the transport direction of the long material, the straightening operation of the long material in two directions in the cross section is continuously performed without moving the sensor. And the workability is improved.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for correcting a long material, comprising a rail clamping device which holds a guide rail and moves in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail by rotation of a ball screw. Is provided, the positioning accuracy of the long material can be improved, and the change and adjustment of the transport pitch can be easily performed.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for correcting a long material, wherein the amount of plastic deformation desired to be applied to a span of the long material conveyed to a press body before press correction is determined by the amount of bending of the span and after press correction. From the history of the amount of bending of the span, and the amount of indentation in the press machine body from the amount of plastic deformation to be given, so the straightness over the entire length of the long material can be efficiently and accurately adjusted without particularly improving the accuracy of press straightening. Can be

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for correcting a long material, wherein the amount of plastic deformation d _n to be applied to the n-th span from the input end to the press machine body is calculated by the following equation: d _n = Σδ ' _K-1 + δ _n (However, δ _n is the amount of bending before correction of the n-th span, δ ' _K-1 is K-1
The total range of the bent amount after the correction of the second span, δ ′ _K−1 , is K = 2 to n. ), The straightness over the entire length of the long material can be efficiently and accurately made simple.

[0057] method of correcting long material of the invention of claim 8, the plastic deformation amount d _n to be supplied to the n-th span from the input end of the press main body, n-1-th from the first after press straightening The distance γ _n between the least-squares straight line and the point P _n at the points P _{1 to} P _{n- 1 that} define the span up to the point is determined so as to be zero, so that the straightness can be further improved. Can be.

In the method for correcting long material according to the ninth aspect of the invention, the long material is transported at a pitch of half the press width in the press machine body. And the bending at the press branch point can be corrected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a press straightening apparatus for a long material according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing a main part of the press body of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining how to determine a pushing amount in the press body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in the latter part of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method of obtaining a pushing amount in a press body according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a main part of a press body according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 main body of press machine, 2 transfer device, 3 rail clamp device, 3a ball screw, 4 arithmetic device, 5 control device, 11 guide rail (long material), 17-21 sensor.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A press body for press-correcting the bending of a long material, a conveying device for conveying the long material at a predetermined pitch to the press body, a press machine provided on the press machine body, The bending amount of the span before press straightening of the long material conveyed to the main body,
And a plurality of sensors for detecting the amount of bending of the span after press straightening, and the history of the amount of bending of the span before press straightening and the amount of bending of the span after press straightening of the long material. A straightening device for a long material, comprising: a calculating device for calculating a pushing amount; and a control device for controlling the press body and the transport device in accordance with information from the calculating device. 2. The long material straightening device according to claim 1, wherein the sensors are at least four length measuring sensors for detecting a distance to the long material. 3. The long material straightening device according to claim 1, wherein the sensors are provided at equal intervals, and the interval between the sensors is equal to the transport pitch of the long material. apparatus. 4. A long material can be conveyed in both directions with respect to the press machine body, and five sensors are provided at equal intervals, and a span after press correction is performed by three central sensors. The bending amount of the span before the press straightening is measured by three sensors from the upstream side in the conveying direction of the long material. Item 4. An apparatus for correcting a long material according to any one of Items 3. 5. A clamping device for holding the long material and moving the long material in the longitudinal direction by rotating a ball screw, and comprising a transport device for transporting the long material to a press machine body. The device for correcting a long material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: 6. A method for correcting a long material, wherein the long material is conveyed to a press machine body at a predetermined pitch, and the long body is sequentially press-corrected for each span by the press machine body, The amount of plastic deformation to be applied to the span before press correction of the long material conveyed to the press machine body is obtained from the history of the amount of bending of the span and the amount of bending of the span after press correction, and the amount of plastic deformation to be applied is obtained. A method for correcting a long material, wherein a pressing amount in the press machine body is obtained from the following. 7. The amount of plastic deformation d _n to be given to the n-th span from the input end to the press machine body is as follows: δ _n , the amount of bending before the straightening of the _n -th span, and after the straightening of the (K−1) -th span. bending amount δ _'K-1, δ' when the total range of _K-1 and K = 2- through n, according to claim 6, characterized in that determined by _{d n = Σδ 'K-1} + δ n A method for straightening long materials. 8. The amount of plastic deformation d _n to be given to the n-th span from the input end to the press machine body is determined by points P _{1 to} P _n defining the first to n−1 spans after press straightening. _-1
Least squares straight line and correcting method of long material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the distance gamma _n between the point P _n is characterized in that it is determined as zero in. 9. The method for correcting a long material according to claim 6, wherein the long material is conveyed at a pitch of half the press width in the press machine body.