JPH1054046A - Structure for underground watertightness and execution method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cause no leakage even if a concrete body is moved by earthquake or the like by forming a film coating watertight material on unwoven cloth driving and fixing an anchor on foundation which is the side wall of an excavation hole, and adhering and disposing a concrete case body thereon. SOLUTION: Unwoven cloth 2 is fixed to be driven by an anchor member 3 on foundation 1 which is a side wall formed in an excavation hole 9, polymer cement based hydration solidification type film coating watertight material 4 is impregnated and laminated from the upper part, and on the furthermore upper part a concrete case body 5 adhered to the film coating watertight material 4 is formed. The film coating watertight material 4 can be executed without making smooth foundation even if it is the foundation 1 of the unwoven cloth, and adhesion of the film coating watertight material 4 and the concrete case body 5 has sufficient adhesion strength because they consist of cement based maternal together. When the concrete case body 5 is moved by earthquake or the like, the unwoven cloth 2 is separated from the foundation 1, the film coating watertight material 4 is moved together with the concrete case body 5, and its watertight performance is maintained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underground waterproofing structure used in subway construction and the like, and more particularly to an underground waterproofing structure and an underground waterproofing method which are advantageous in cost and can shorten the construction period.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are two types of construction methods for waterproofing in the construction work of underground passages. Excavation holes of the same size as the concrete vehicle in the underground passages are dug in the ground, and the part corresponding to the side wall of the excavation hole is dug. H steel is used to form the side wall with concrete, and the side wall is first waterproofed and then the concrete precursor is formed. After the precursor is formed, the surrounding area is waterproofed and the surrounding area of the concrete precursor is backfilled.
There are different ways.

In the case of the later construction method, it can be said that it is easy to provide waterproofing regardless of the type of waterproofing material since the concrete precursor has a relatively smooth surface. On the other hand, in the case of the advance construction method, the side wall formed by cementing with H steel is an uneven surface with extremely severe irregularities, and it was necessary to form a smooth groundwork before waterproofing.

[0004] Specifically, a lath such as a wire mesh is fixed to a side wall using an anchor member such as a nail, and a base adjustment material such as spray mortar or mortar is applied and dried. After the base adjustment material has solidified to form a smooth base, apply a coating waterproofing material, apply a waterproofing material such as asphalt emulsion coating waterproofing material, or lay a waterproofing material such as a rubber sheet or asphalt Was waterproofed.

[0005]

By forming a smooth underlayer by the above method, it is possible to apply or lay a waterproof material for the first time. However, it takes about seven days for the lath to be fixed to the side wall and the base adjustment material to be applied and dried and hardened, which causes a prolonged construction period.

In addition, since a waterproofing material is applied to the finished concrete vehicle by the advance construction method, for example, even when a sheet waterproofing material is used, the adhesive strength between the waterproof sheet and the concrete vehicle is sufficiently increased by using an adhesive. Although it can be increased, the late construction method is a method of forming a concrete driving body using a formwork on the side wall coated with waterproof material, so at present it has not been made particularly to adhere . Usually, the waterproofing material is sandwiched between the side wall and the concrete vehicle, so that there is no problem even if it is not bonded.

[0007] However, when the concrete vehicle moves due to an earthquake or the like, the waterproofing material is not taken on the side of the concrete vehicle to be waterproofed, but on the side wall to which the concrete is first adhered. It is conceivable that a gap is formed between the gaps and water leaks from the gap. Therefore, in the present invention, even when the waterproofing material is applied to the side wall that is an uneven surface by a later construction method, the waterproofing can be performed in a short construction period, and the concrete driving body moves between the side wall and the concrete driving body. It is an object of the present invention to provide an underground waterproof structure in which a waterproof material is kept attached to a concrete driving body side even if a gap is formed, and a problem such as water leakage is prevented.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a concrete vehicle underground waterproof structure in which an underground passage is buried in an excavation hole dug in the ground. It is characterized by impregnating and laminating a coating waterproofing material on a nonwoven fabric fixed by driving a plurality of anchor members into a base material serving as a side wall, and placing a concrete driving body in close contact with the coating waterproofing material. The operation of smoothing the base to enable application of the material has been changed to a relatively simple operation of driving in a nonwoven fabric, and the construction period can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method.

In the second aspect, the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is 100 to 100%.
It is in the range of 500 g / m ² , and when it is fixed to the side wall, it has a strength that does not cause slack, and the step difference does not become too large, so that the coating film waterproof material can be uniformly finished. According to the third aspect, since the waterproof coating material is a polymer cement coating waterproof material comprising a cement filler and a polymer emulsion, both the concrete body and the waterproof coating material that adhere to each other are cement-based. Therefore, when the concrete carrier moves due to an earthquake or the like, the base material peels off from the base and the waterproof coating material moves with the concrete carrier,
The waterproof condition is maintained and no problems such as water leakage occur.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the polymer cement coating waterproofing material comprises at least two layers of a soft waterproof layer on the base side and a hard waterproof layer on the front side, and the soft waterproof layer has a ratio of cement filler in the waterproofing material. The hard waterproof layer is a mixture in which the proportion of cement filler in the waterproofing material is in the range of 40 to 65%, and the hard waterproof layer is based on the proportion of cement filler in the soft waterproof layer. Also, since the ratio of the cement filler in the hard waterproof layer is set to be large, it is easy to follow the uneven ground and the concrete driving side has high strength and can play a role as a protective layer.

According to the fifth aspect, since the pitch of the anchor member for fixing the nonwoven fabric to the substrate is within the range of 100 to 500 mm, the anchor member can be peeled off by a certain force or more. The adhesion between the membrane waterproofing material and the concrete vehicle does not prevent the coating film waterproofing material from moving with the concrete vehicle.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the elongation of the nonwoven fabric can be reduced by laminating or arranging the reinforcing material on the nonwoven fabric. This has the effect of preventing the slack from occurring between the pitches of the anchor member even when the weight is heavy.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the underground waterproofing method for a concrete vehicle in which an underground passage is buried in an excavation hole dug in the ground, a non-woven fabric is fixed to the side wall of the excavation hole by driving it with an anchor member. It is characterized by impregnating and laminating a coating film waterproofing material and curing, and thereafter forming a concrete precursor so as to be in close contact with the coating film waterproofing material, so that the coating film waterproofing material can be applied as in claim 1. The operation of smoothing the groundwork has been changed to a relatively simple operation of driving in a nonwoven fabric, and the construction period can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method.

[0014]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an underground waterproof structure according to the present invention, which is obtained by the underground waterproofing method of the present invention. The underground waterproof structure of the present invention is a waterproof structure of a concrete driving body 5 embedded in an excavation hole 9 dug in the ground, which becomes an underground passage 8 such as a subway as shown in FIG. 6 relates to waterproofing applied between the side wall formed by driving in H steel 10 and solidifying with concrete 11 as shown in FIG. The nonwoven fabric 2 is driven and fixed with the anchor member 3 on the foundation 1 which is the side wall formed in the excavation hole 9, and the coating waterproofing material 4 made of a polymer cement-based hydrated solidification type coating waterproofing material 4 is impregnated and laminated thereon. Then, a concrete driving body 5 which is in close contact with the coating film waterproofing material 4 and serves as a passage for a subway is formed thereon. The coating film waterproofing material 4 may be impregnated and laminated by using a brush or a roll, or may be impregnated and laminated by spraying.

By adopting the above structure, the waterproof coating material 4 can be applied to the uneven surface of the ground 1 without the trouble of applying a ground adjustment material and creating a new smooth ground. be able to. Further, urethane coating waterproofing material, FRP waterproofing material, polymer cement type waterproofing material and the like can be used as the coating film waterproofing material 4. Among them, when a polymer cement-based waterproofing material composed of a cement filler and a polymer emulsion is used, the coating film waterproofing material 4 and the concrete driving body 5 that adheres to the surface thereof are both made of a cement-based material. The base material 1 and the non-woven fabric 2 are fixed to such an extent that they have been partially driven into the anchor member 3 so that the non-woven fabric 2 can be used even when the concrete vehicle moves due to an earthquake or the like.
The waterproofing member 4 moves away from the concrete body 5 together with the waterproofing member 4, and the waterproof state is maintained.

The non-woven fabric 2 is made of polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyamide fiber, acrylic fiber, rayon fiber, acetate fiber, polyvinyl fiber, natural fiber, etc., and has a basis weight of 100 to 500 g.
/ M ² , an elongation of 60% or more and a tensile strength of 100 N / 5 cm or more. The basis weight is 1
If it is less than 00 g / m ² , the strength is insufficient, and the necessary damage resistance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 500 g / m ² , the step at the joining portion of the nonwoven fabric becomes large and the coating film waterproofing material 4 is not uniform, and the impregnation of the coating film waterproofing material 4 is insufficient. And the adhesive strength between them is weakened, which is not preferable.

If the elongation is less than 60%, it is difficult to follow the uneven surface of the base 1, which is not preferable. Also,
If the tensile strength is less than 100 N / 5 cm, the strength is still insufficient, which is not preferable.

Examples of the anchor member 3 include nails, screws, and U-shaped pins. The anchor member 3 is driven into the concrete portion of the side wall made of H steel and concrete to fix the nonwoven fabric 2. By setting the driving interval in a range of 100 to 500 mm pitch, the fixing strength between the base 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 can be made appropriate. If the pitch at which the anchor members 3 are driven is less than 100 mm, the fixing strength becomes too large and the concrete coating 5 may be peeled off when the concrete coating 5 is moved. is there. On the other hand, if it exceeds 500 mm, the non-woven fabric 2 is unfavorably loosened.

The polymer cement-based waterproofing material preferably used among the coating waterproofing materials 4 is a material which is cured by impregnating the coating onto the nonwoven fabric 2 and drying it, and is obtained by mixing a cement filler with a polymer emulsion. Things. As the cement, those generally called cement such as Portland cement, jet cement, alumina cement, colloid cement, and rapid-hardening cement can be used.

Examples of the polymer emulsion include natural rubber and aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and vinyltoluene, vinylcyan compounds such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and itaconic acid. A copolymer of one or more monomers selected from monoolefin derivatives such as unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters thereof and isoprene, butadiene, conjugated diolefins such as chloroprene, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the like A polymer latex such as a polymer of one or more monomers selected from unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters thereof, ethylene, propylene, a diene-based copolymer, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate-based copolymer is used.

As shown in FIG. 2, the waterproof coating material 4 is
It may be composed of two layers, a soft waterproof layer 4a on the side close to the nonwoven fabric 2 and a hard waterproof layer 4b on the side of the concrete drive 5. The soft waterproof layer 4a is adapted to easily follow the uneven surface of the base 1, The hard waterproof layer 4b plays a role of protecting the waterproof material.

The soft waterproof layer 4a and the hard waterproof layer 4b have different mixing ratios of the cement filler and the admixture, and the soft waterproof layer 4a has a cement filler ratio of 25 to 50% with respect to the whole amount. The hard waterproof layer 4b preferably has a cement filler ratio of 40 to 65% based on the total amount. Although there are overlapping numerical ranges in the above range, of course, the ratio of the cement filler of the hard waterproof layer 4b is made larger than the ratio of the cement filler of the soft waterproof layer 4a.

In the soft waterproof layer 4a, if the proportion of the cement filler is less than 25%, the waterproof material becomes soft and the impact resistance becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 50%, the hardness becomes high and it becomes difficult to follow the unevenness of the base 1, which is preferable. Absent. Also,
In the hard waterproof layer 4b, the ratio of the cement filler is 4
If it is less than 0%, it will be soft and insufficiently protective,
If it exceeds 65%, it is not preferable because it becomes too hard and breaks even if a slight bending force is applied. Although not shown, the ratio of the cement filler was the same or increased on the hard waterproof layer 4b.
It is also possible to provide a second waterproof layer.

The concrete driving body 5 which becomes a passage for a subway or the like formed in contact with the surface side of the waterproof film 4 is formed by pouring concrete in a formwork after providing the waterproof material 4. .

FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment according to claim 6. In FIG. 3, a nonwoven fabric 2 in which a reinforcing material 6 made of a film is laminated on a base side is used. When the nonwoven fabric 2 having the film laminated on the base side is used,
It is possible to prevent the moisture of the base 1 from being absorbed by the nonwoven fabric 2 and to prevent the nonwoven fabric 2 from being stretched. Has the effect of preventing loosening.

In FIG. 4, a reinforcing material 7 made of a fibrous mesh member is provided in the nonwoven fabric 2 so that it is impossible to prevent the moisture of the base 1 from being absorbed. Since the nonwoven fabric 2 can be formed, it has an effect of preventing the nonwoven fabric 2 from loosening between the pitches of the anchor member 3.

As the film of the reinforcing member 6, various materials such as polyethylene, polyester and polypropylene can be used as long as they have a low elongation. Reinforcement 7
The material of the mesh member is not limited as long as the material has a small elongation. It is also possible to adopt a form in which a film is provided or a form in which mesh members are laminated.

Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described in which it has been confirmed that the underground waterproof structure according to the present invention can significantly shorten the construction period as compared with the conventional underground waterproof structure.

In Example 1, the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric was 30
Using a non-woven polyester fabric of 0 g / cm ² , a nail of 2.0 mmφ and a length of 50 mm was used as an anchor member,
As the coating film waterproofing material, a polymer cement coating film waterproofing material obtained by mixing an admixture comprising Portland cement and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion was used. Also,
As a two-layer structure of a soft waterproof layer and a hard waterproof layer, the soft waterproof layer had a cement filler ratio of 40%, and the hard waterproof layer had a cement filler ratio of 60%. The anchor member is driven at a pitch of 300 mm.

As a comparative example, a lath was driven into and fixed to the surface of the base, and a base adjustment material made of mortar was applied thereon, dried and cured, and a waterproof coating material was formed. As the coating film waterproof material, the same material as in the above example was used. The time taken to apply the coating waterproofing material to a 100 m ² underlayer was measured for both structures. Table 1 shows the results.

[0031]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, in the conventional underground waterproofing structure, it takes 120 hours to drive a lath and create a new smooth underlayer with the underlayer adjusting material, whereas in the underground waterproofing structure of the present invention, a nonwoven fabric is used. It took three hours to perform the driving work, which indicates that the construction period was about 1/5 in total.

Next, the appearance of the nonwoven fabric after spraying a waterproof coating on the nonwoven fabric was examined by using the nonwoven fabric with the basis weight varied between 50 and 550 g / cm ^{2 in} the above example. Table 2 shows the results.

[0034]

[Table 2]

As can be seen from Table 2, in Comparative Example 2, looseness occurs between the fixed pitches due to insufficient strength of the nonwoven fabric, and in Comparative Example 3, there occurs a problem that the waterproof coating material is not uniform at the step, which is the joint portion of the nonwoven fabric. . Next, in Example 1 described above, the pitch of the anchor member for driving the nonwoven fabric into the substrate was 5
The coating film waterproofing material was applied by changing the thickness between 0 and 600 mm, and a concrete plate was poured on the surface to form the coating. After the concrete was hardened, the concrete plate was pulled to check where the peeling occurred.

[0036]

[Table 3]

As can be seen from Table 3, if the pitch of the anchor members to be driven into the substrate is small, the fixing force between the substrate and the nonwoven fabric becomes too strong, and peels off between the concrete plate and the waterproof film. On the other hand, if the pitch is too large, there will be a problem that the weight may loosen between the pitches after application of the waterproof coating material.

[0038]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the operation of smoothing the base to enable the coating film waterproof material to be applied is changed to the relatively simple operation of driving in a nonwoven fabric. In addition, the construction period can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method. In the second aspect, the nonwoven fabric is limited, and when the nonwoven fabric is fixed to the side wall, the nonwoven fabric has a strength that does not cause slack, and the step difference does not become too large, so that the waterproof coating material can be uniformly finished.

According to the third aspect, the waterproof coating material is limited to a cement-based material, and both the concrete body and the waterproof film material that adhere to each other are cement-based, so that the adhesiveness is good. If the concrete body moves due to an earthquake or the like, the base material will peel off from the base and the waterproof coating will move with the concrete body,
The waterproof condition is maintained and no problems such as water leakage occur. According to the fourth aspect, the waterproof coating material is at least two layers of a soft waterproof layer and a hard waterproof layer, and it is easy to follow the uneven ground, and the concrete driving side has high strength and can serve as a protective layer.

According to the fifth aspect, the pitch of the anchor member for fixing the nonwoven fabric to the substrate is limited, and the anchor member can be peeled off by a certain force or more. Adhesion to the body does not prevent the waterproof coating from moving with the concrete vehicle. According to the sixth aspect, the elongation of the nonwoven fabric can be reduced by laminating or arranging the reinforcing material on the nonwoven fabric. Therefore, the weight of the nonwoven fabric is increased by absorbing the moisture of the base or applying a coating film waterproof material. Even so, it has an effect of preventing loosening from occurring between the pitches of the anchor member.

By adopting the method of claim 7, the operation of smoothing the base to enable the coating film waterproof material to be applied is changed to a relatively simple operation of driving in a nonwoven fabric. The construction period can be greatly shortened as compared with.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of an underground waterproof structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part showing another example of the underground waterproof structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example in which a reinforcing material is used for the underground waterproof structure of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a principal part showing another example in which a reinforcing material is used in the underground waterproof structure of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a concrete excavator formed in an excavation hole in the ground.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a main part of a side wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Nonwoven fabric 3 Anchor member 4 Paint waterproofing material 4a Soft waterproof layer 4b Hard waterproof layer 5 Concrete driving body 6 Reinforcement 7 Reinforcement 8 Underground passage 9 Drilling hole 10 H steel 11 Concrete

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Yuji Okiyoshi 4-1-1-21 Hamazoedori, Nagata-ku, Kobe Mitsuhoshi Belt Co., Ltd.

Claims (7)

[Claims] An underground waterproof structure of a concrete vehicle which is embedded in an excavation hole dug in the ground to form an underground passage, on a non-woven fabric fixed by driving a plurality of anchor members into a foundation which is a side wall of the excavation hole. An underground waterproof structure characterized by impregnating and laminating a coating film waterproof material, and a concrete body being closely attached to the coating film waterproof material. 2. The nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 100 to 500 g / m.
^2. The underground waterproof structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is within the range of ² . 3. The underground waterproof structure according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof coating material is a polymer cement coating waterproof material comprising a cement filler and a polymer emulsion. 4. The waterproofing material of a polymer cement coating film comprises at least two layers of a soft waterproof layer on the base side and a hard waterproof layer on the front side, wherein the soft waterproof layer has a cement filler ratio of 15 to 50 in the waterproofing material. %, And the hard waterproof layer is a mixture in which the cement filler ratio in the waterproof material is in the range of 40 to 65%, and is harder than the cement filler ratio of the soft waterproof layer. The underground waterproof structure according to claim 3, wherein the proportion of the cement filler in the waterproof layer is set to be large. 5. The underground waterproof structure according to claim 1, wherein a pitch of the anchor member for fixing the nonwoven fabric to the base is within a range of 100 to 500 mm. 6. The underground waterproof structure according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing material is laminated or provided inside the nonwoven fabric. 7. An underground waterproofing method for a concrete driving body, which is embedded in an excavation hole dug in the ground to form an underground passage.
A non-woven fabric is driven into the side wall of the excavation hole with an anchor member and fixed, and impregnated and laminated with a coating film waterproof material from above, and cured,
Thereafter, a concrete body is formed so as to be in close contact with the coating film waterproofing material.