JPH1049167A - Timbre controller of electric musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a timbre controller of an electronic musical instrument capable of easily simulating the changes of the desired timbres with a simple structure by controlling the sound volume of each frequency band of the respective timbres according to the characters of the respective timbres. SOLUTION: The sound volume of each timbre is controlled by a weighting table 23 and the tones of the respective timbres to be simultaneously produced are simultaneously controlled by a slide volume control 3a. When a player operates the slide volume control 3a, a control section 22 reads its set value and sends the value to an arithmetic section 21. The arithmetic section 21 subjects the weighting by each frequency band of the respective timbres read out of the weighting table 23 to the computation based on the set value of the slide volume control 3a and determines the correction values of the sound volume by each frequency band of the respective timbres. As a result, the sound volume value of each frequency band of the respective timbres is determined and the sound volume by each frequency band of the respective timbres between the playing is controlled by the sound volume control value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a timbre control device for an electronic musical instrument having a multi-sound source capable of simultaneously producing sounds or generating a desired timbre by synthesizing a plurality of waveforms. The present invention relates to a timbre control device for an electronic musical instrument in which a timbre can be changed by controlling a volume for each frequency band according to characteristics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tones produced by electronic musical instruments are produced according to the type (tone color) of the musical instrument, for example, a bass drum produces mainly a low frequency range, and a hi-hat produces sounds from a middle frequency range to a high frequency range. Frequency bands are different.

For this reason, in the conventional timbre control of an electronic musical instrument, a tone signal for each frequency band sent from a tone signal generator for each tone is converted into a frequency band such as a high, middle, or low frequency band. The tone was changed by controlling each time.

As described above, since tone color control is performed for each frequency band of each tone color, an equalizer is conventionally used for each frequency band in the case of an analog signal. In the case of a digital signal, a measure such as using a filter has been taken.

However, in order to control the individual timbres for each frequency band, the performer needs specific knowledge on the characteristics of each timbre, such as which timbre contains many frequency band components. It was difficult for beginners to properly control the tone.

In addition, a complicated operation is required to control each tone color frequency band, and the handling operation is troublesome. Further, a huge amount of memory, a large number of equalizers, filters, and the like are required in terms of hardware, and there is a problem that the musical instrument becomes expensive.

[0007] In addition, for example, in a rhythm instrument, it is performed to control the volume balance between a high frequency range and a low frequency range to change the mood of the entire sound. However, the volume is controlled for each frequency band to change the tone. Changing the mood of pronunciation was not done.

As means for changing the atmosphere (tone color) of the entire musical tone, there is also known a method of calculating tone color data for each frequency band by using a function. This method has the advantage that the atmosphere of the entire timbre can be changed by changing the value given to the function.

However, since a function operation including multiplication and the like is performed every time a sound is generated, the operation becomes enormous, and there is a problem that it takes time from the sounding instruction to the sounding. Further, in order to realize a desired timbre, it is necessary to prepare various kinds of functions, so that there is a problem that timbre data increases as a whole.

On the other hand, as a tone control method, for example, in the case of a bass drum, the volume of a low frequency band is largely changed, and the volume of a frequency band in which the frequency characteristic of each tone is conspicuous is manipulated. It is known that a listener can be given the impression that the tone is changing.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of this point, and a first invention is an electronic musical instrument capable of simultaneously producing a plurality of timbres according to the characteristics of each timbre. An object of the present invention is to provide a tone control device for an electronic musical instrument that can easily simulate a desired tone change with a simple structure by controlling the volume for each tone frequency band.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in an electronic musical instrument of a type that synthesizes one timbre using a plurality of waveforms, when synthesizing a plurality of waveforms, each electronic musical instrument has a frequency band corresponding to a characteristic of a generated timbre. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tone control device for an electronic musical instrument that can easily express a desired tone with a simple structure by performing volume control.

[0013]

According to the present invention, there is provided an electronic musical instrument having a multi sound source capable of simultaneously producing a plurality of timbres. A storage unit 23 for storing a control value of a sound volume for each frequency band for each tone, and when a tone is specified by the instruction unit 3, the storage unit 23 is searched and the volume of the designated tone for each frequency band is searched. A control means for reading out the control value and controlling the volume for each frequency band based on the read volume control value to generate sound.

In an electronic musical instrument which generates one timbre by synthesizing a plurality of waveforms to generate one timbre, an instruction means 3 for instructing a timbre to be produced, and a timbre designated by the instruction means 3, A waveform instruction table 24 for storing a combination of waveforms used for synthesizing waveforms in accordance with an instructed timbre, and a control value of a sound volume for each frequency band for each waveform indicated by the waveform instruction table 24 is stored. When the timbre is designated by the storage means 23 and the preceding designation means 3, the waveform used for synthesizing the waveform of the timbre is read from the waveform designation table 24, and the volume of the read waveform for each frequency band is read. The control value is stored in the storage means 2
3 and a control means 22 for synthesizing a desired timbre by reading out from the control unit 3.

Further, setting means 3a for setting the volume of a tone to be simultaneously generated or synthesized for each frequency band.
And performing a calculation based on the volume set by the setting unit 3a on the volume of each tone read from the storage unit 23 or the volume of each synthesized frequency band, or the volume of the synthesized waveform. Calculation means 2 for determining a correction value
And a correction value obtained by the calculating means 21 is added to the sound volume obtained based on the key velocity.

At this time, the weighting table 23 for storing weights for controlling the volume for each frequency band of each tone color has a audibility to be given to a listener when the volume is increased or decreased in advance for each frequency band of each tone color or waveform. Based on the above effect,
A control value (weighting) of a sound volume corresponding to a tone color, a waveform, and a frequency band is determined.

Therefore, when the tone to be pronounced is specified,
Based on the weighting table 23, a desired tone can be easily controlled by controlling the volume balance of each frequency band so that the tone of the tone having a large change amount in each band is largely changed and the tone of the small tone is changed slightly. A tone can be simulated, and a sound with less discomfort in hearing can be generated.

Further, according to the present invention, the overall tone of a musical tone which is simultaneously produced regardless of the individual tone can be simultaneously controlled by operating the setting means 3a, so that the atmosphere of the entire musical composition can be changed and the overall musical composition can be changed. Atmosphere (tone) selection operation becomes easy.

Further, unlike the case where the atmosphere of the entire timbre is changed by a function operation, there is no need to perform a complicated operation.
For example, since predetermined tone color data can be obtained only by simple arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, there is also an effect that the time from the sounding instruction to the sounding can be shortened.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic musical instrument for simulating a timbre change by controlling a volume according to the present invention. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a CPU, 11 denotes a ROM, and 12 denotes a RAM. 1 is a keyboard, 2 is a touch detection circuit, 3 is an operation panel, 4 is a panel scan circuit, 5 is a tone signal generator, 6 is a waveform memory, and 7 is D / A.
A converter, 8 is an amplifier, and 9 is a speaker.

The CPU 10 controls each section of the electronic musical instrument according to a control program stored in a program memory section (not shown) of the ROM 11. For this reason,
The CPU 10 is provided with an arithmetic unit 21 and a control unit 22 and performs processing for converting and displaying input / output data.

The calculating section 21 converts the volume control value for each frequency band of each tone read from the weighting table 23 into:
The correction value for correcting the volume determined by the key velocity is calculated by calculating the data set by the player with the slide volume 3a. The sound volume correction value calculated and determined by the calculation unit 21 is sent to the musical tone signal generation unit 5 by the control unit 22 to perform a predetermined correction.

The control unit 22 controls the electronic musical instrument in general, and writes and reads data based on signals transmitted from the keyboard 1 and the operation panel 3, and controls and generates a tone signal at the time of performance. It controls the transmission of the output signal to the tone signal generator 5, and the like.

The correction value determined by the arithmetic unit 21 is sent to the musical tone signal generating unit 5 by the control unit 22 and is multiplied by the volume determined based on the velocity by the musical tone signal generating unit 5 to perform a predetermined correction. Is added, and the corrected result is stored in a predetermined register of the tone signal generator 5.

The ROM 11 stores tone color data and various other fixed data in addition to the control program for operating the CPU 10 described above. The tone color data memory section stores frequency numbers, waveform numbers, envelope waveform numbers, mode data, and the like, which are data for generating musical tone signals. The weighting table 23 directly related to the present invention is stored in the ROM 11.

The weighting table 23 is based on how the timbre changes and the audibility changes when the volume of each tone in each frequency band increases or decreases when the tone is played. 9 is a table in which weights in a relationship between a determined tone color and a frequency band are stored in advance.

The RAM 12 has a work area for the CPU 10,
Various registers, counters, flags, buffers, and the like for controlling the electronic musical instrument are defined.
1 has a data area in which necessary data is transferred and temporarily stored.

Also, a plurality of registers in which data necessary for sound emission are set in accordance with the setting states of the controls and switches of the operation panel 3 and each tone generation circuit of the tone signal generation section 5 are set to unused channels. The RAM 12 is also provided with an assigner memory for storing data to be allocated, a storage area for storing musical sound information, and the like.

The keyboard 1 sends a key number as key press information to the calculation section 21, and is composed of a plurality of keys and a key switch which opens and closes in conjunction with key press / release operations of these keys. The key press / release operation of the performer is detected by a key scan circuit (not shown), and a signal detected under the control of the CPU 10 is supplied to the tone signal generator 5.

The touch detection circuit 2 sends a scan signal to the keyboard 1 and detects the strength (velocity) of a key touch in accordance with a signal from the keyboard 1, and detects the state of depression of the keyboard 1. The indicated data and the touch data indicating the strength of the key touch are formed from a signal received from the keyboard 1 and indicating the open / closed state of the key switch.

The signal formed by the touch detection circuit 2 is
The velocity data is formed based on the key number of the depressed or released key and touch data indicating the depressing or releasing speed, and the obtained velocity data is sent to the control unit 22 of the CPU 10.

Data transfer from the touch detection circuit 2 to the CPU 10 is performed by the touch detection circuit 2 interrupting the CPU 10 to the effect that a keyboard event has occurred.

The operation panel 3 is provided with various switches and indicators for controlling the electronic musical instrument, such as a tone selection switch, a mode designation switch, a melody selection switch, and a rhythm selection switch, in addition to a power switch. The slide volume 3 a directly related to the present invention is provided on the operation panel 3.

The set / reset state of each switch of the operation panel 3 is detected by a panel scan circuit 4 included therein. Data relating to the set state of the switch detected by the panel scan circuit 4 is stored in the CPU 10. Is stored in a predetermined area on the RAM 12 under the control of.

The tone signal generator 5 reads out tone waveform data and envelope data corresponding to the signal sent from the CPU 10 from the waveform memory 6, adds an envelope to the read tone waveform data, and outputs it as a tone signal. .

The tone signal output from the tone signal generator 5 is supplied to an amplifier 8 after being converted into an analog signal by a D / A converter 7. For this purpose, a waveform memory 6 for storing waveform data and envelope data is connected to the tone signal generator 5.

The D / A converter 7 converts an input digital tone signal into an analog tone signal. The analog tone signal converted by the D / A converter 7 is supplied to an amplifier 8.

The amplifier 8 amplifies the analog tone signal supplied from the D / A converter 7 with a predetermined gain. The output of the amplifier 8 is supplied to a speaker 9.

The speaker 9 converts an analog tone signal as an electric signal sent from the amplifier 8 into an acoustic signal. That is, a tone is emitted according to the generated tone signal.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining the functions of the tone color control device of the present invention which controls the volume of each tone by the weighting table 23 and simultaneously controls the tone of each tone simultaneously generated by the slide volume 3a. FIG.

In the figure, high, medium, and low (hereinafter, H, M,
The slide volume 3a for each frequency band (denoted as L) is a volume for performing setting for simultaneously controlling the volume of all simultaneously-produced timbres for each frequency band.

The initial value of the slide volume 3a is normally set to 0 for each frequency band. in this way,
When the set value of each frequency band of the slide volume 3a is set to 0, there is no input from the slide volume 3a, so that the processing in the calculation unit 21 is not necessary.

Therefore, the data for each frequency band of each tone read out from the weighting table 23 is sent to the control unit 22 as it is because there is no need to correct it,
Is multiplied by the sound volume obtained based on the key velocity sent from the touch detection circuit 2 to determine a sound volume control value for each frequency band, sent to the tone signal generator 5 and stored in a predetermined register. .

Thus, unlike the conventional electronic musical instrument, the volume is controlled for each frequency band, so that the characteristics of the timbre can be expressed more richly.

Although the description has been given of the case where the multiplication is used for correcting the sound volume, the correction of the sound volume is not limited to this, and may be performed by any method such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Further, the slide volume 3a may be formed by another method such as a rotary type volume.

On the other hand, when the player operates the slide volume 3a, the control unit 22 reads the set value of the slide volume 3a and sends it to the calculation unit 21. Arithmetic unit 21
Performs a calculation based on the set value of the slide volume 3a on the weighting for each frequency band of each tone read out from the weighting table 23 based on the set value, and corrects the volume for each frequency band of each tone. Determine the value.

The determined correction value of each sound volume is sent to the control unit 22, where it is added to, subtracted from, multiplied by, multiplied by, and multiplied by the sound volume value obtained on the basis of the velocity value input by a key, to determine the sound volume value of each tone band in each frequency band. Are sent to and stored in a predetermined register of the tone signal generator 5.

Thus, the volume of each tone in each frequency band during the performance is controlled by the volume control value of each frequency band stored in a predetermined register of the tone signal generator 5. It is possible to generate musical tones reflecting the characteristics of each frequency band and the atmosphere intended by the player.

Since the volume control value set by the slide volume 3a operates in the same manner for all timbres, the atmosphere of the entire musical tone is changed to the ambience of the tone set by the slide volume 3a. .

FIG. 3 shows an example of the weighting table 23 used in this embodiment. The weighting table 23 includes a bass drum (BD),
Each tone such as tom (Tam) and conga (Conga)
For example, it indicates how much the volume is raised or lowered for each of the high, middle, and low frequency bands.

The weighting for each tone and each frequency band in the weighting table 23 is predetermined according to the characteristics of each tone, and is stored in the ROM 11 as a table, and the tone specified by an operator or the like. Is read based on

For example, as shown in the figure, in the case of tom (Tam), the sound of the low frequency band component is relatively small, so that the weight is 1 in the L band and the weight of the M band in which the sound of the middle frequency band component is large is 1. The weight of the H band where almost no high frequency band component sound is output is 0.

Also, since the bass drum (BD) has only low-frequency components, the weight of the L band is the maximum value of 3, but it is not desired to change it in the M and H bands. It has become.

It should be noted that the weighting of each tone color for each frequency band is of course determined in advance in consideration of the overall balance of all tone colors that can be produced by the electronic musical instrument.

Next, the volume control operation of the present invention will be described with reference to a flowchart. FIG. 4 is a main flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument in the present embodiment.

A reset signal generated when the power is turned on or a reset switch (not shown) is pressed,
Initial setting processing of the electronic musical instrument is performed (step S1).
1).

This initial setting process sets the internal state of the tone signal generator 5 to the initial state to prevent generation of unnecessary sounds when the power is turned on, clears the work area of the RAM 12, registers This is a process for initializing data such as data, a flag, a volume, and a tone. The setting of the standard value of the slide volume 3a is performed in the initial setting process.

Next, panel processing is performed (step S12). In this panel processing, information indicating the on / off state of each switch detected by the panel scan circuit 4 of the operation panel 3 is fetched.

Then, by comparing the information (previously stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 12) indicating the ON / OFF state of each switch taken in last time with the information taken in this time, it is possible to correspond to the newly turned on switch. This is a process of creating an on-event map on the RAM 12 in which only the bit to be set is set.

Next, keyboard processing is performed (step S).
13). In this keyboard processing, key data is read from a key scan circuit (not shown) of the keyboard 1 and set in a new key buffer. Then, by comparing the contents of the old key buffer and the contents of the new key buffer, a key event buffer in which a portion corresponding to the newly operated key is turned on or off is created.

Then, other processing is performed (step S14). This "other processing" is processing in accordance with the designation of a switch detected in panel processing, keyboard event processing, or the like. For example, processing for changing a timbre or volume, rhythm selection processing, sound processing corresponding to a key number, mute processing, Processing and the like are performed.

Thereafter, the process returns to step S12, and the same processing is repeatedly executed. As a result, musical tones having a tone corresponding to the operation of the keyboard 1 are continuously generated with a tone color and a volume corresponding to the operation of the operation panel 3.

Next, the operation of the volume control processing directly related to the present invention, out of the keyboard processing in step S13 of the main routine, will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In the volume control process, first, it is checked whether or not a key event has occurred (step S21).
This is performed by examining the old and new key event buffers. If there is no key event, there is no need for keyboard processing, and the process returns to the main routine.

On the other hand, if there is a key event, it is checked whether or not the key event is an ON event (step S22). As a result, if the key event is an OFF event, the process returns to the main routine because the process is a mute process, and the mute process is performed.

On the other hand, if the key event is an ON event, a process of calculating a sound volume correction value is subsequently performed (step S23). That is, the control unit 22 examines the panel event buffer to specify the timbre of the key-inputted sound, and reads the weight of the corresponding timbre for each frequency band from the weighting table 23 based on this.

Subsequently, the slide volume 3a is checked, the set value for each frequency band set by the slide volume 3a is read, and the set value is multiplied for each frequency band, for example, to correct the volume for each frequency band. The value is determined and sent to the control unit 22.

Next, the volume value of the timbre is determined (step S24). That is, the control unit 22 adds the volume correction value sent from the calculation unit 21 to the volume value based on the velocity sent from the touch detection unit 2 to determine the volume value of the timbre. Send to 5.

As a result, the volume is written into a predetermined register of the tone signal generator 5 (step S2).
5). That is, the volume value of each tone band of the timbre transmitted from the control unit 22 is written to a register provided for each timbre frequency band of the tone signal generation unit 5. As a result, the sound is generated at the sound volume value.

Subsequently, it is checked whether or not the volume values of all the timbres have been corrected (step S26). This is a process for checking whether or not the volume values have been corrected for all the timbres that can be simultaneously sounded by the electronic musical instrument. When the correction has been completed for all the timbres, the process returns to the main routine.

On the other hand, if the volume values of all the timbres that can be simultaneously sounded have not been corrected, the flag is advanced to the next timbre, and the timbre to be corrected next is changed (step S27). Returning to S23, the same processing is continued until the correction of the volume values of all timbres is completed.

Next, the procedure for synthesizing a plurality of waveforms to generate one tone color according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the first embodiment described above, the audibility of each tone is changed by controlling the volume value of each of a plurality of tones that have already been generated for each frequency band, and the atmosphere of all tones that are simultaneously generated. Is to change.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, when synthesizing a plurality of waveforms to synthesize one timbre, the volume balance of each waveform is changed in advance for each frequency band according to the frequency characteristics of each timbre. The timbre and the audibility of the waveform are controlled by synthesizing the timbre.

For this reason, the weighting table 23 of the present invention
Unlike the weighting table 23 of the above-described embodiment, the weighting of the volume when sounding each waveform is determined for each frequency band according to the characteristics of each waveform, and further, according to the timbre. A waveform designation table 24 for storing combinations of waveforms to be read is provided.

As a result, when the control section 22 reads the tone specified by the operator or the like, the control section 22 first reads the waveform designation table 2
4 to read a waveform to be read in order to generate the tone. Subsequently, the sound volume (weight) for each frequency band of the waveform designated by the waveform designation table 24 is read from the weighting table 23. The following processing is the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, when a musical tone is generated or a musical tone is generated, a filter corresponding to the characteristic of each tone color for each frequency band is used by a program without using a filter or an equalizer. By adding volume control, a sound close to a desired tone is created.

Further, a simple operation of operating the slide volume 3a without performing a complicated operation for each tone color,
It is possible to easily change the atmosphere of the entire tone that is simultaneously generated. Therefore, the operation of changing the atmosphere of the entire tone is facilitated, and the operability is excellent.

Further, according to the present invention, since the sound volume is controlled by the program, it is possible to provide an inexpensive tone color control device for an electronic musical instrument.

[0081]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
The atmosphere of the entire tone can be easily changed by a simple switch operation. Further, since the timbre control of the present invention is performed by a program, it is possible to provide a low-priced timbre control device for an electronic musical instrument with a simple configuration without requiring any new parts or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining volume control of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a weighting table of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a main flowchart of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of volume control of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Keyboard 2 Touch detection circuit 3 Operation panel (instruction means) 3a Slide volume (setting means) 4 Panel scan circuit 5 Musical sound signal generation part 6 Waveform memory 7 D / A converter 8 Amplifier 9 Speaker 10 CPU 11 ROM 12 RAM 21 Calculation Section (arithmetic means) 22 control section (control means) 23 weighting table (storage means) 24 waveform designation table

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An electronic musical instrument having a multi-sound source capable of simultaneously producing a plurality of timbres, wherein: an instructing means for instructing a tone to be pronounced; and a sound volume for each frequency band designated by the instructing means. Storage means for storing a control value, and when a tone is designated by the instructing means, a volume control value for each frequency band of the designated tone is retrieved by searching the storage means, and the read volume control value Control means for controlling the volume for each frequency band to generate a sound based on the frequency band. 2. An electronic musical instrument for generating one timbre by synthesizing a plurality of waveforms to generate one timbre, wherein: an instruction means for instructing a timbre to be pronounced; A waveform instruction table that stores a combination of waveforms used for synthesizing the waveforms according to the tone color, and for each waveform indicated by the waveform instruction table,
A storage unit for storing a control value of a volume for each frequency band; and when a timbre is designated by the designation unit, a waveform used for synthesizing a waveform of the timbre is read from the waveform designation table, and the read waveform is read. Control means for reading out the volume control value for each frequency band from the storage means and synthesizing a desired timbre. 3. A setting means for setting the volume of a tone to be simultaneously sounded or synthesized for each frequency band, and each volume for each tone read from the storage means or for each frequency band of a synthesized waveform. Computing means for performing a calculation based on the volume set by the setting means to determine a correction value of the volume, wherein the correction value obtained by the calculation means 3. The tone color control device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising: