JPH1047810A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a device compact by easily cleaning a pipe to which stain hardly removed such as deposit sticks, a high heat exchanging ability can be maintained and set at the time of design. SOLUTION: Since a chlorofluoro carbon gas 23 which is heat exchanged is supplied to a body part 24, air 25 to be heat exchanged is supplied into pipes 32 and the inner surfaces of the pipes 32 are wetted with water 29, the outer surfaces of the pipes 32 are not stained and the inner surfaces thereof are stained. Then, the stain of the inner surfaces of the pipes 32 can be physically cleaned by inserting a cleaning means such as a brush from one end of the pipe 32 and rubbing the pipe even when a group of pipes 34 are included in the body part 24. Thus, the inner surfaces of the group of pipes 34 can be easily and assuredly cleaned.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat exchange device,
In particular, it is used for heat exchange in evaporative simulators or closed cooling towers for refrigeration equipment, and uses the heat of vaporization of water by vaporizing water that has wetted the tube group with the gas on the heat exchange side. The present invention relates to a heat exchange device that enhances the heat exchange.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 6, a conventional heat exchange apparatus 1 of this type has a group of flexible tubes 3 disposed in a cylindrical body 2 and a refrigerant 4 such as Freon gas at one end of the group of flexible tubes 3. Inlet 5
Is formed, and an outlet 6 is formed at the other end.
On the other hand, a fan 7 is arranged on the upper part of the body 2, and the air 9 sucked from the air suction port 8 by the rotation of the fan 7 passes from below the body 2 between the coil groups 3 and from above. Exhausted. Further, a spray nozzle 10 is disposed above the serpentine tube group 3 and sprinkled on the outer surface of the serpentine tube group 3. The sprinkled water is collected in the water receiving tank 12 and circulated to the spray nozzle 10 by the circulation pump 13. . Then, in the case of heat exchange, a refrigerant that is cooled by heat exchange, for example, warm Freon gas, is flown into the pipes of the flexible tube group 3 from the inflow port 5 and is discharged from the discharge port 6. On the other hand, a gas for heat exchange, for example, air, is flown into the body 2 by the fan 7, and water that wets the outer surface of the flexible tube group 3 is vaporized with air, thereby utilizing the heat of vaporization to form the inside of the flexible tube group 3. Cools the CFC flowing through.

[0003]

However, in the conventional heat exchange apparatus 1, since the outer surface of the group of flexible tubes 3 is wetted with water, the external surface of the group of flexible tubes 3 is not easily removed by water for a long time. Adheres, the thermal conductivity becomes poor, and the cooling capacity decreases. However, as can be seen from FIG. 6, since the pipes are densely formed in the body 2 at intervals of about 10 mm to form the group of flexible pipes 3, the lid 2 for cleaning is formed on the body 2 by forming the cleaning lid 11. Attempt to remove dirt attached to the outer surface
Can only clean tubes close to. In particular, in the case where the pipes are in a serpentine tube arrangement as in FIG. 6, since the cross section of the serpentine tube group 3 when the body 2 is cut in the radial direction has a staggered arrangement, the center tube of the body is surrounded by The tubes are in the way, making cleaning more difficult. And even if the chemical cleaning is performed, the dirt is hardly removed.

[0004] Therefore, the conventional heat exchange device 1 is composed of a group of flexible tubes 3.
At present, even if the outer surface becomes dirty and the cooling capacity is reduced, the operation is performed with the reduced capacity. In addition, when designing the capacity of the heat exchange apparatus 1, the capacity of the apparatus must be calculated based on the cooling capacity when the coil group 3 is contaminated to some extent, so that the apparatus becomes large. was there.

[0005] Further, even if the pipe needs to be repaired, it is difficult to repair the pipe, so that there is a disadvantage that the operation must be stopped for a long period of time. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to easily clean a pipe to which dirt that is difficult to remove such as scale is attached, to maintain a high heat exchange capacity, and to design the pipe. It is another object of the present invention to provide a heat exchange device that can achieve high efficiency and compactness because the heat exchange capacity can be set high in such cases.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, both ends of a pipe are supported by supporting holes formed on substantially entire surfaces of a pair of supporting plates for closing both ends of a cylindrical body. A pipe group is formed in the body, and water supply means is provided for wetting the inner surface of the pipe with water, and a gas for heat exchange is supplied to the inside of the pipe while the inner surface of the pipe is wetted with water to remove water. It is characterized in that a refrigerant to be heat-exchanged is caused to flow into the body portion outside the pipe while being vaporized, and the refrigerant is cooled by utilizing heat of vaporization of the water to be vaporized.

In order to achieve the above object, a tube group formed in the body by supporting both ends of the tube in support holes formed on substantially the entire surface of a pair of support plates for closing both ends of the body. And a partition plate that partitions the inside of the body in a direction orthogonal to the tube group to form a plurality of compartments; An opening that forms a meandering flow path through the compartment; a water supply unit that is provided on one side of the tube group and that supplies water into the tube to wet the inner surface of the tube; and a water supply unit that is provided on the other side of the tube group. A receiving tank for receiving excess water supplied in the pipe,
Circulating means for circulating the water in the water receiving tank to the water supply means, wherein a gas for heat exchange flows inside the pipe while the pipe inner surface is wet with water to vaporize the water, and the pipe is A refrigerant to be heat-exchanged is caused to flow into the body portion outside of the body, and the refrigerant is cooled by utilizing heat of vaporization of the water.

According to the present invention, the cause of dirt adhering to the tube group of the heat exchange device utilizing heat of vaporization of water is not silica or water contained in the water which wets the tube surface, but the refrigerant or heat exchange gas to be exchanged. It is made by paying attention to the fact that it is deposited and fixed, or that sludge etc. is fixed and it is extremely difficult to remove, and the structure of a tubular heat exchange device with a tube group in the body It is. In other words, the concept of a conventional heat exchange device in which water and gas for heat exchange flow in the body, and a refrigerant for heat exchange in the pipe is changed, and the performance of heat exchange can be improved. is there.

According to the present invention, the refrigerant for heat exchange is caused to flow into the body, and the gas for heat exchange is caused to flow into the tube so that the inner surface of the tube is wet with water. Gets dirty. And, even if there is a group of tubes in the body, the dirt on the inner surface of the tube can be physically cleaned by, for example, inserting a brush into the tube from one end of the tube and rubbing, so that the inner surfaces of all the tubes can be easily and easily cleaned. Can be reliably cleaned.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the heat exchange apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of a heat exchange device 20 of the present invention, which is an example of a vertical closed cooling tower. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the heat exchange device 20 of the present invention for easy understanding. In the following, an example will be described in which the refrigerant on the heat exchange side is Freon gas 23 and the air on the heat exchange side is air 25.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an upper portion and a lower portion of a substantially hollow cylindrical body portion 24 having an opening 22 at an upper end are provided.
An upper support plate 26 and a lower support plate 28 that partition the body 24 in the lateral direction are provided, and a support hole 30 is formed on substantially the entire surface of the pair of support plates 26 and 28. In the support holes 30 of the support plates 26 and 28, a tube 32 having an open upper and lower end is supported to form a vertical tube group 34 in the body 24, and the upper end of the tube 32 is supported on the upper side. It is supported in a state of protruding upward from the plate 26. Although a support mechanism between the support hole 30 and the tube 32 is not particularly shown, it is convenient to repair the tube 32 if the tube 32 is configured to be detachable from the support hole 30. Although FIGS. 1 and 2 show only one row of the pipes 32, in actuality, a large number of pipes 32 are vertically arranged in a densely packed state in the cylindrical body 24.

Further, between the upper support plate 26 and the lower support plate 28, a plurality of partition plates 3 for partitioning the body 24 in the lateral direction.
Are arranged at equal intervals, and a plurality of compartments 38, 38,. An outlet 40 for the CFC 23 to be heat-exchanged is formed on the side of the body 24 of the lowermost compartment 38, and an inlet 42 is formed on the side of the body 24 of the uppermost compartment 38. . Further, in each partition plate 36, the CFC 23 flowing from the inlet 42 forms a meandering flow path from the uppermost compartment 38 to the lowermost compartment 38 and is discharged from the outlet 40. An opening 44 is formed. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the opening 44 is formed at the right end of the lowermost partition plate 36, the opening 44 is formed at the left end of the partition plate 36 of the next stage so that the opening 44 is formed at the left end. Form alternately.

A water receiving tank 46 for storing water is provided at the bottom of the body 24 and water 29 in the water receiving tank 46 is provided.
Is supplied to the upper space 52 above the upper support plate 26 by the circulation pump 48 via the circulation pipe 50. The amount of water supplied to the upper space 52 flows into the pipe 32 from the upper end opening 32A of the pipe 32 by the circulation pump 48, and
Is controlled to such an extent that a water film is formed on the inner surface of the substrate. Thereby, the upper space 52 is circulated from the water receiving tank 46 by the circulation pump 48.
Is dropped while forming a water film 29 </ b> A (see FIG. 3) on the inner surface of the pipe 32, and the lower end opening 32 of the pipe 32.
B returns to the water receiving tank 46 as water droplets. The water in the water receiving tank 46 is appropriately replenished via a water supply pipe 54.

A lower space 57 formed between the lower support plate 28 and the water receiving tank 46 has a side surface on the side of the body 24.
An intake 56 for the air 25 on the heat exchange side is formed, and a wire net 58 is provided in the intake 56. On the other hand, a fan 60 is provided in the opening 22 at the upper end of the body 24, and the fan 60 rotates in a direction to exhaust the air 25 in the body 24 from the opening 22. Thus, the air 25 taken into the body 24 from the inlet 56 flows through the pipe 32 and is discharged from the opening 22.

Next, the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is described.
How to use the heat exchange device 20 of the embodiment will be described. The warm Freon gas 23 on the heat exchange side flows into the uppermost compartment 38 from the inlet 42. Uppermost compartment 38
Gas flows into the lower compartment 38 through the opening 44 formed in the partition plate 36, and flows through the body 24 while meandering, and is discharged from the outlet 40. On the other hand, the air 25 on the heat exchange side is taken into the lower space 57 in the body part 24 from the inlet 56 by the operation of the fan 60, and the pipes 32 forming the
Flows into the pipe 32 from the lower end opening 32B. The air flowing in the pipe 32 is discharged from the opening 22 through the upper space 52 from the upper end opening 32A of the pipe 32. Thereby, heat exchange is performed between the Freon gas 23 flowing in the body 24 and the air 25 flowing in the pipe 32 via the pipe 32, and the Freon gas 23 is cooled.

In this heat exchange, as shown in FIG.
The water 29 supplied from the receiving tank 46 to the upper space 52
Flows over the upper end opening 32A of the pipe 32, flows into the pipe 32, forms a water film 29A on the inner surface of the pipe 32, and surplus water returns to the water receiving tank 46 as water droplets. Therefore, the air 25 flowing in the pipe 32 contacts the water film 29A and evaporates a part of the water 29 to cool the pipe 32 so as to take away the surrounding heat, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency of the Freon gas 23.

In this type of tubular heat exchange apparatus 20 utilizing the heat of vaporization of water 29, dirt such as water scale, which is difficult to remove, adheres to the pipe 32, and the heat exchange capacity is reduced. However, in the heat exchange device 20 of the present invention, the refrigerant 32 on the side to be heat-exchanged flows into the body 24,
The water on the heat exchange side and the air 25 as a gas are flowed into the inside, and the water film 29A is formed on the inner surface of the tube 32. Therefore, the inner surface of the tube 32 is not soiled but is soiled. And
When the inner surface of the tube 32 becomes dirty, a cleaning tool such as a brush can be inserted through the upper end opening 32A of the tube 32, for example. Therefore, since the inner surface of the tube 32 can be cleaned by rubbing the inner surface of the tube 32 with a cleaner, the inner surface of the tube 32 can be easily and reliably cleaned, while the refrigerant such as Freon gas flows through the outer surface of the tube 32. So it won't get dirty. The cleaning tool is not limited to a brush, but may be a scraper, a high-pressure water spray cleaning device, or the like.

That is, according to the present invention, with the above-described configuration, even if the tube groups are densely packed in the body portion 24, the cleaning tool is inserted from the upper end of the tube 32 close to the body portion 24. The tube 32 in the position is also the tube 32 in the center of the body 24.
Is the same, so that the tube group 34 can be evenly cleaned. Incidentally, when water is sprayed on the outer surface of the tube 32 and the outer surface of the tube 32 is contaminated as in a conventional heat exchange device, even if a cleaning lid is provided at a plurality of locations of the body 24, the body 24
Can be cleaned, but the tube 32 at the center of the body 24 cannot be cleaned. Especially,
When the pipes 32 have a serpentine pipe arrangement, since the cross section of the pipe group 34 when the body 24 is cut in the radial direction has a staggered arrangement, the center pipe 32 in the body 24 is surrounded by the surrounding pipes 32. In the way, making cleaning more difficult. For this reason, this type of conventional heat exchanger generally does not clean the pipe 32 until the end of its life.

As described above, the heat exchange device 20 of the present invention
In this case, the pipe group 34 can be easily and reliably cleaned, so that the pipe 32 is appropriately cleaned to maintain the heat conductivity, which is an index of the heat exchange capacity, close to the heat conductivity of the new pipe 32. can do. Thereby, the heat exchange device of the present invention can set the design point of the thermal conductivity at the time of designing the device higher than that of the conventional heat exchange device. Therefore, since the apparatus can be made compact, the initial cost for manufacturing the heat exchange apparatus can be significantly reduced.

Further, in the present invention, the inside of the body 24 of the apparatus is divided into a plurality of compartments 38, and the refrigerant on the side to be heat-exchanged is caused to flow in the body 24 in a meandering manner, thereby providing a heat exchange path. , The heat exchange efficiency can be increased. Further, since the heat conductivity can be set high, the amount of air 25 flowing into the pipe 32 and the amount of water wetting the pipe 32 can be reduced as compared with the conventional heat exchange device, so that the running cost is greatly reduced. Can be reduced.

That is, the heat exchange device of the present invention can design factors such as heat conductivity, air volume, and water volume necessary for designing the device with numerical values just below the design limit. It becomes possible. FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange device of the present invention with that of the conventional heat exchange device over time.

The vertical axis shows the thermal conductivity of the tube 32 as an index of the heat exchange capacity, and the horizontal axis shows the product life of the heat exchange device. K ₃ the vertical axis is the value of the thermal conductivity at new state. The heat exchanger according to the present invention is provided with a pipe 32 every season (about one year).
Check the change of thermal conductivity while cleaning the inner surface of the
The position a indicates the time when the pipe 32 is cleaned. On the other hand, in the conventional heat exchange device, since the outer surface, which is the dirty surface of the tube 32, cannot be substantially cleaned, the transition of the heat conductivity was examined without cleaning the tube 32.

As a result, as can be seen from FIG.
The heat conductivity of the heat exchanger of
Heat conductivity is K in one season from the start of use of heat exchanger_Three
To K₁About 10%, but on the dirty surface of the tube 32
K again after cleaning a certain inner surface _ThreeWas resurrected until. Similarly,
By cleaning the inside of the pipe 32 every season,
Thermal conductivity is K₁Was maintained. Thereby, the heat exchange of the present invention
Heat exchanger can maintain a high heat exchange capacity.
And the thermal conductivity K₁To the capacity of the heat exchanger.
Equipment can be determined, greatly reducing the size of the equipment.
Can be achieved.

On the other hand, as shown by a curve B, the heat conductivity of the conventional heat exchange device decreased from K ₃ to K ₂ in about 10 years, and the initial heat exchange capacity was reduced by half. Therefore, when determining the capacity of the heat exchange device is also not have to design K _2, the apparatus is significantly up the apparatus cost increased in size. In addition, the difference of the thermal conductivity between the heat exchange device of the present invention and the conventional heat exchange device with the passage of time increases with time, and the conventional heat exchange device has to renew the entire device after all. .

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a heat exchange method and apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is an example of a horizontal closed cooling tower. The same devices and members as in the first embodiment are:
Although the first embodiment is a vertical type and the second embodiment is a horizontal type, the vertical and horizontal positions are different, but the functions of the devices and members are the same. , Overlapping description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5, as a device for wetting the inner surface of the tube 32 with water, a water injection device 66 having a plurality of nozzles 66A is formed between the left end position of the tube group 34 in the drawing and the fan. . The nozzle 66A is provided facing the opening of each pipe 32, and the water jetted from the nozzle 66A is supplied into the pipe 32. In this case, since the apparatus is a horizontal type, it is desirable to rotate the fan 60 so that the gas on the heat exchange side, for example, air flows into the pipe 32 in the same direction as the direction in which water is sprayed. The reason for this is that, by making the direction of water spray and the direction of air flow the same, a parallel flow is formed in which water injected into the tube 32 is carried from one end of the tube to the other by riding on the flow of air. In order to improve the air flow.

The water receiving tank 46 is disposed at the lower right of the body 24 in the figure, and a pipe 3 is provided on the right side of the body 24.
An outlet 68 for the air passing through in 2 is formed. In the case of the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. The water to be supplied into the pipe may form a water film on the inner surface of the pipe as in the first embodiment, and the water injected into the pipe may flow through the pipe as in the second embodiment. The key point is that the heat of vaporization can be used most efficiently.

Further, whether to make water flow countercurrent to or parallel to air in the pipe is determined depending on the most efficient use of heat of vaporization. Whether the gas to be heat-exchanged flows from top to bottom or from bottom to top can be selected depending on the efficiency of heat exchange.

[0029]

As described above, according to the heat exchange apparatus of the present invention, the gas on the side to be heat-exchanged flows into the body, and the gas on the heat-exchange side flows into the pipe, and the inner surface of the pipe is cleaned. Since it was made to be wet with water, the inside of the tube was not stained but the inside was soiled. And even if the pipes are densely packed in the body, the inside of the pipes can be physically cleaned by inserting a brush from one end of the pipes and rubbing the pipes. Can be cleaned.

This makes it possible to easily and surely clean the tube group. By appropriately cleaning the tubes, the heat conductivity as an index of the heat exchange capacity can be reduced to a state close to the heat conductivity of a new tube. Can be maintained. Therefore, the design point of the thermal conductivity at the time of designing the device can be set higher than that of the conventional heat exchange device. Therefore, since the apparatus can be made compact, the initial cost for manufacturing the heat exchange apparatus can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, in the present invention, the heat exchange path can be lengthened by partitioning the inside of the body of the apparatus with a plurality of compartments and flowing the refrigerant on the side to be heat-exchanged so as to meander inside the body. Heat exchange efficiency can be increased.

Also, since the heat conductivity can be set high, the amount of air flowing into the pipe and the amount of water wetting the pipe can be reduced as compared with the conventional heat exchange device, so that the running cost is greatly reduced. can do. In other words, the heat exchange device of the present invention can design factors such as heat conductivity, air volume, and water volume required when designing the device with numerical values as close as possible to the design limit, so that the limit design of the device becomes possible. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of a heat exchange device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first embodiment of the heat exchange device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part for explaining a method of forming a water film in a pipe in the first embodiment of the heat exchange device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the effect of the heat exchange device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heat exchange device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional heat exchange device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Heat exchange apparatus 23 ... Freon gas (refrigerant) 25 ... Air (gas) 24 ... Body part 26 ... Upper support plate 28 ... Lower support plate 30 ... Support hole 32 ... Tube 34 ... Tube group 36 ... Partition plate 38 ... Partition Chamber 40: Freon gas inlet 42 ... Freon gas outlet 44 ... Partition plate opening 46 ... Water receiving tank 48 ... Circulation pump 56 ... Air intake

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A tube group is formed in said body by supporting both ends of said tube in support holes formed on substantially the entire surface of a pair of support plates for closing both ends of said cylindrical body. A water supply means for wetting the inner surface with water is provided, and a gas for heat exchange is flowed inside the tube while the inner surface of the tube is wetted with water to vaporize water, and heat exchange is performed inside the body portion outside the tube. A heat exchanger that cools the refrigerant by using heat of vaporization in which the water is vaporized. 2. A tube group formed in the body by supporting both ends of the tube in support holes formed on substantially the entire surface of a pair of support plates for closing both ends of the body, and the tube being formed in the body. A partition plate that partitions a plurality of compartments in a direction orthogonal to the group, and a meandering flow path formed in the partition plate and extending from one end compartment to the other compartment in the body. An opening for forming water; a water supply means provided on one side of the tube group to supply water into the tube to wet the inner surface of the tube; and a water supply unit provided on the other side of the tube group to be supplied into the tube. A water receiving tank for receiving excess water, and a circulating means for circulating the water in the water receiving tank to the water supply means, wherein a gas for heat exchange is flowed inside the pipe while the pipe inner surface is wet with water. To evaporate water and heat exchange into the body outside the tube Flowing medium,
A heat exchanger, wherein the refrigerant is cooled using heat of vaporization of the water.