JPH1047081A - Gas turbine combustion device, fuel feed method, and gas turbine device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance cooling capacity without using a special device and complicating constitution of a combustor, to improve efficiency, and in turn to improve generating efficiency, and to suppress a construction cost to a low value. SOLUTION: Fuel 10 is guided to the wall surface of a combustor 130, and simultaneously with thermal decomposition of fuel by means of heat from a combustor, the wall surface of the combust or is cooled, and generated gas is fed to a fuel injection device 112 as fuel for the combustor. Or, the fuel 10 and steam are guided to the wall surface of the combustor, the fuel 10 is modified into steam by heat from the combustor 130 and simultaneously the wall surface of the combustor is cooled. Gas consisting mainly of generated hydrogen and carbon monoxide is fed to the fuel injection device 112 as fuel for the combustor 130.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas turbine combustion apparatus, a fuel supply method for the same, and an improvement of the gas turbine apparatus. In particular, hydrocarbons such as natural gas (mainly methane) or alcohols such as methanol are used as combustion fuel. The present invention relates to a gas turbine combustion device used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Combined cycle power generation of gas turbines and steam turbines using hydrocarbons such as natural gas is becoming the mainstream of current power generation systems in order to greatly improve the thermal efficiency of conventional steam power generation. Further improvement in efficiency is mainly achieved by increasing the gas temperature at the inlet of the gas turbine, and as a measure against the increase in the gas temperature, development of heat-resistant materials and devising of a structure for cooling parts are progressing.

[0003] As the cooling structure, there are known methods using air as a cooling medium, such as film cooling, convection / film cooling, impingement cooling, impingement / film cooling, seepage cooling, and infusion cooling.

[0004] In these cooling techniques, as shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 2, compressed air 21 having a pressure higher than the pressure inside the liner 130 is prepared by a compressor 210, and cooling holes 1 are formed.
By blowing from the inside 31 into the liner 130, the inside of the liner wall 130 can be cooled.

[0005] As a method of reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a gas turbine device, a catalyst layer 150 is provided inside a combustor 100 as shown in FIG.
Catalytic combustors that reduce the oxidation temperature of fuel are known. Further, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-159097, there is also known an apparatus in which fuel is circulated on the wall of a combustor to vaporize the fuel and cool the combustor.

As a method of utilizing methanol for gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power generation, there are a method of vaporizing methanol and introducing it to a combustor, and a method of reforming methanol and introducing it to a combustor.

FIG. 4 shows an example of an apparatus for generating combined cycle power by vaporizing methanol. In this apparatus, the heat recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 240 is used as the heat source for methanol vaporization, and methanol is vaporized by the methanol vaporizer 270 and then supplied to the combustor 100.

FIG. 5 shows a method of reforming methanol and putting it into a combustor, that is, a methanol reforming combined cycle power generator. In this apparatus, the methanol reformer 280 is incorporated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 240.

[0009]

These gas turbine combustion devices have almost satisfactory cooling characteristics with respect to a gas turbine having an inlet gas temperature of 1300 ° C. class. Naturally, a cooling capacity higher than that of the 1300 ° C. class gas turbine is required. If the amount of air used for cooling is increased to meet this demand, the pressure loss will increase accordingly, and the power of the compressor for producing compressed air will increase. Therefore, a new cooling technique is required for a 1500 ° C. class gas turbine.

In a catalytic combustor in which a catalyst layer is provided inside the combustor to lower the oxidation temperature of the fuel, the cooling capacity is high, but the fuel tends to self-ignite upstream of the catalyst, and starting from a low temperature is difficult. It has the problem of difficulty.

[0011] Further, in the case where the above-mentioned methanol is vaporized and introduced into the combustor, or in the case where methanol is reformed and then introduced into the combustor, when the two are compared, methanol is vaporized and used. The method has low power generation efficiency, but the construction cost is low.
Power generation efficiency is high, but construction costs are high.
For a methanol-utilized gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power plant, high power generation efficiency and low construction cost are required at the same time, and new ideas are required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the cooling capacity and improve the cooling efficiency without using a special device or complicating the structure of the combustor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas turbine combustion apparatus of this kind, which is capable of achieving high power generation efficiency and keeping the construction cost low, and a fuel supply method therefor.

[0013]

That is, the present invention relates to a gas turbine combustion apparatus for burning natural gas as fuel, in which the fuel for combustion and steam are guided to the wall of a high-temperature part of a combustor, and the high-temperature part is separated from the high-temperature part. The steam is reformed by the heat of the fuel and at the same time, the wall of the high-temperature component is cooled, and the gas generated by the steam reforming is supplied to the combustor as a fuel for combustion. It is to achieve.

Further, in a gas turbine combustion apparatus in which hydrocarbons or alcohols are injected and supplied into a combustor liner as fuel, and burn, the fuel for combustion is guided to an outer wall surface of the liner of the combustor, and the fuel from the combustor is used to heat the fuel. It is formed so that the wall surface of the combustor liner is cooled at the same time as the pyrolysis, and the gas generated by the pyrolysis is supplied into the combustor as fuel for combustion.

Further, in a gas turbine combustion apparatus in which hydrocarbons or alcohols are used as fuel, and the fuel is injected from a fuel injection apparatus into a combustor liner for combustion, the outer wall surface of the combustor liner is provided on the outside wall. A fuel passage is provided along the wall surface and communicating with the fuel injection device, heat exchange means for promoting heat exchange with a combustor wall surface is provided in the fuel passage, and the fuel is supplied to the fuel passage. To cool the wall surface of the combustor and to inject and supply the gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the fuel by the heat into the combustor as fuel for combustion.

Further, in this case, the wall surface of the flow path through which the fuel flows is coated with a catalyst that promotes a thermal decomposition reaction of the fuel. Further, one or more corrugated metal plates coated with a catalyst for promoting a thermal decomposition reaction of the fuel are inserted into the flow path in which the fuel flows.

Further, in a gas turbine combustion apparatus which burns hydrocarbons or alcohols as fuel, steam is mixed with the fuel, and this mixture is guided to the outer wall surface of the combustor to convert the fuel into steam by heat from the combustor. At the same time as cooling the wall of the combustor, and supplying the gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as a main component, which is generated by steam reforming, to the combustor as a fuel for combustion.

Further, in this case, the fuel flow path on the outer wall surface of the combustor to which the air-fuel mixture is guided is coated with a catalyst for promoting the steam reforming reaction of the fuel, or the fuel flow path is introduced into the fuel flow path. One or more corrugated metal plates coated with a catalyst that promotes a chemical reaction are inserted. In addition, a plurality of fins formed linearly or spirally are provided in a flow path on the outer wall of the combustor through which the fuel is introduced.

Further, in a fuel supply method for a gas turbine combustion device that burns hydrocarbons or alcohols as fuel, when the fuel is supplied to the combustion device, water vapor is mixed with the fuel, and the fuel mixed with the water vapor is mixed with the fuel. The fuel is led to the high temperature part of the combustor, the fuel is steam reformed by the heat of the high temperature part, and a gas mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide generated by the steam reforming is supplied into the combustor for combustion. It is intended to be.

Further, in a fuel supply method for a gas turbine combustion device that burns hydrocarbons or alcohols as fuel, when the fuel is supplied to the combustion device, the fuel is guided to the outer wall surface of the combustor, and the heat from the combustor is Thus, the fuel is thermally decomposed and the wall of the combustor is cooled at the same time, and the gas generated by the thermal decomposition is supplied to the combustor as fuel and burned.

In these cases, for example, when methanol is used as a fuel, it is suitable to supply only methanol and use a thermal decomposition reaction. This reaction is as shown in the following equation.

[0022]

Embedded image CH 3 OH → 2H 2 + CO (1) In the case of using a Zn—Cr-based catalyst,
Proceed at 300 ° C. Even if the working temperature condition of the material used for the high temperature parts of the combustor is, for example, 700 ° C. or less, it is possible to obtain the temperature required for the reaction while satisfying this condition. For example, when using natural gas containing methane as a main component, it is suitable to supply steam together with natural gas and use a steam reforming reaction. This reaction is as shown in the following equation.

[0023]

Embedded image CH4 + H2O → 3H2 + CO (2) The reaction temperature of this reaction is 800 to 8 when a Ni catalyst is used.
In this case, the method of cooling with natural gas and steam is applicable to a high temperature part of a combustor whose operating temperature condition is about 900 ° C. or less.

A gas turbine device is constructed using the combustor described above. Further, a gas turbine power plant, a gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power plant, or a cogeneration plant is configured using the gas turbine device.

That is, in the gas turbine combustion apparatus formed as described above, the heat of the combustor surface is not only absorbed by using the heat absorption accompanying the temperature change of the cooling medium, the state change such as vaporization, but also the cooling medium is cooled. Can also be absorbed by utilizing the heat absorption accompanying the chemical change of the water, the cooling capacity per unit volume increases, and the cooling efficiency improves. Therefore, compared with the case where air is used as the cooling medium, it is easier to raise the driving temperature of the gas turbine, which contributes to the improvement of the thermal efficiency of the power plant. In addition, this cooling method does not require holes to allow air to pass through the outer wall of the combustor, making it easier to maintain the structural strength of the combustor. Becomes possible.

Further, by coating the fuel or the flow path of the fuel and the steam with the catalyst, the thermal decomposition of the fuel or the steam reforming reaction of the fuel can be promoted. Further, by providing the partition plate in the flow path of the fuel or the fuel and the steam, the heat transfer area is increased, and the cooling efficiency is improved. Also,
By providing the fins in a spiral shape, the residence time of the gas can be extended. Alternatively, by inserting a corrugated metal plate coated with a catalyst on one side or both sides, it is possible to increase the area where the fuel or the fuel and the steam come into contact with the catalyst.

Also, by collecting the gas generated during combustion and premixing it with air, the air-fuel ratio is kept constant, a stable combustion flame is obtained, and at the same time local high-temperature regions are prevented from occurring. Generation of nitrogen oxides due to oxidation can be suppressed.

When the present invention is applied to a gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power plant using methanol as a fuel, the fact that a high-temperature gas turbine can be used and that part of methanol is reformed into hydrogen and carbon monoxide Since the fuel is combusted, the efficiency is higher than that of the conventional methanol-evaporated combined cycle power plant, and an efficiency equal to or higher than that of the methanol-reformed combined cycle power plant can be achieved. Also, since there is no need to incorporate a methanol reformer into the waste heat recovery boiler, the cost is lower than with a methanol reforming combined cycle power generation plan, and the cost can be reduced to about the same as a methanol vaporization combined cycle power generation plant. It is.

[0029]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the gas turbine combustion apparatus, and FIG. 6 shows another embodiment, that is, the case of a combustion apparatus in a methanol-cooled and reformed combined cycle power generation apparatus.
FIG. 7 shows a combined cycle power generation apparatus utilizing natural gas / methanol using the combustor of the present invention. These embodiments will be sequentially described below.

[Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a gas turbine combustion apparatus, and reference numeral 100 denotes a combustor. This combustor 100 is composed of methane (a main component of natural gas),
All or a part of the fuel 10 such as methanol is used for cooling the liner 130 and the transition piece 132 constituting the combustor 100, and at the same time, the fuel 10 is thermally decomposed or steam reformed to mainly produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This is a combustion device that uses reformed gas 13 as a component and uses it as fuel for the combustor 100. 210 is a compressor, 220 is a gas turbine, 110 is a fuel / reformed gas mixing device, 112
Denotes a fuel injection nozzle, and 113 denotes a cooling fuel supply nozzle.

The fuel 10 (lower center in the figure) is supplied from the cooling fuel supply nozzle 113 alone or together with water vapor, and is supplied to the transition piece 132 and the liner 13.
0 is used for cooling. At this time, the reformed gas 15 is obtained from the fuel 10 by a thermal decomposition reaction or a steam reforming reaction.
For example, when methanol is used, the reaction is represented by the following equation.

[0032]

Embedded image CH 3 OH → 2H 2 + CO (3) The reformed gas 15 is once supplied to the fuel / reformed gas mixing device 11.
It is stored at 0, adjusted to have a uniform composition, and supplied as fuel 11 for the combustor. When all of the fuel 10 is not used for cooling the high temperature parts of the combustor, the fuel 10 not used for cooling is charged into the fuel / reformed gas mixing device 110 so that the composition of the combustor fuel 11 is always uniform. I do. For this purpose, the amount of the fuel 10 injected into the fuel / reformed gas mixing device 110 is controlled by the fuel supply control valve 111.

Next, the fuel 10 to be supplied to the combustor 100 is supplied to a fuel injection nozzle 112, a pilot burner 120, and a swirl burner 122. The compressed air 21 from the compressor 210 is also supplied to these devices. The amount of fuel supplied to these devices is controlled by a fuel supply control valve 111. The pilot burner 120 is for generating a flame by diffusion combustion of the fuel 10 and improving the ignitability of the fuel. The combustor fuel 11 supplied from the fuel injection nozzle 112 is preliminarily mixed with the compressed air 21 in the premixing area 101, sent out by the swirler 121 so as to generate a swirling flow, and burned in the head combustion chamber 102.

By premixing the fuel and the air, the mixing ratio of the fuel and the air can be kept constant, and the generation of NOx can be suppressed. In addition, by generating the swirling flow, it is possible to secure a sufficient residence time for generating a flame. The fuel and air delivered from the swirl burner 122 are ignited by the flame of the head combustion chamber 102 and burn in the main combustion chamber 103. Here, since the fuel and the air sent from the swirling burner 122 constitute a swirling flow, it is possible to secure a sufficient residence time for combustion. The combustion gas 14 is supplied to a gas turbine 220 through a transition piece 132.

The high temperature parts of the combustor to which the cooling fuel 10 is brought into contact, that is, the liner 130 and the transition piece 13
The outer wall surface of the casing 2 and the inner wall surface of the casing 133 may be coated with a catalyst that promotes thermal decomposition or steam reforming of the cooling fuel 10. When methanol is used as the cooling fuel, for example, Zn-
Cr-based catalysts can be used.

Further, in order to efficiently remove heat from the metal constituting the liner 130 and the transition piece 132,
These may be provided with fins 140 whose cross section is shown in FIG. By partitioning the flow path and coating the fins 140 with the catalyst in this way, the contact area between the catalyst and the cooling fuel gas is increased, and more cooling fuel 10 can be thermally decomposed. In addition, fin 1
40 may be provided on a spiral as shown in FIG. When the fins are spirally formed as described above, it is possible to secure a sufficient residence time for the cooling fuel to be thermally decomposed.

A corrugated metal plate 141 coated on both sides with a catalyst may be provided between the liner 130 and the casing 133 as shown in a cross section in FIG.

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 6 shows a methanol cooling / reforming type combined cycle power generation apparatus using the combustor of the present invention. This power generation equipment roughly vaporizes methanol and uses a part for cooling the combustor 100 and thermally decomposes it into a reformed gas 15 containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components. This is a power generation device that performs combined cycle power generation using vaporized methanol that has not been used for fuel. The details of this power generation facility are shown below. The fuel methanol 13 is vaporized in the vaporizer 270,
The fuel and reformed gas are supplied to the mixing device 110 and the cooling fuel supply nozzle.

The fuel supplied to the cooling fuel supply nozzle cools the high temperature components of the combustor and is thermally decomposed into a reformed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components. The reformed gas is supplied to the fuel / reformed gas mixing device 110 and mixed with the vaporized methanol 14 not used for cooling. The supply amount 14 of the vaporized methanol not used for cooling to this apparatus is controlled, and the composition of the combustor fuel 11 is always kept uniform. Combustor 1
The combustor fuel 11 charged to 00 burns in combination with oxygen in the compressed air 21 from the compressor 210.

The gas turbine 220 is driven by the combustion gas 16 during this combustion. Exhaust gas from the gas turbine 220 is recovered as steam by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 240 and drives the steam turbine 230. Gas turbine 22
0 and the shaft of the steam turbine 230 are connected to the generator 250, and the generator 250 generates electric power. Note that the steam after driving the steam turbine 230 is returned to liquid water by the condenser 260, and the makeup water 31 is added thereto and supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 240.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 7 shows a combined cycle power generation apparatus utilizing natural gas and methanol using the combustor of the present invention. This power generation facility is a combined cycle power generation that uses methanol for cooling the combustor and vaporizes and thermally decomposes hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components, and mixes this reformed gas and natural gas for fuel. Device. The details of this power generation facility are shown below.

The methanol is supplied to the cooling fuel supply nozzle, cools the high-temperature components of the combustor 100, and simultaneously vaporizes and thermally decomposes to form a reformed gas 15 containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components. When it is desired to increase the ratio of methanol / natural gas, that is, when it is desired to increase the ratio of methanol, the supplied methanol is vaporized in advance by the heat recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 240. The reformed gas 15 is supplied to the fuel / reformed gas mixing device 110 and mixed with the natural gas 12. By controlling the amount of methanol supplied to the apparatus, the composition of the fuel supplied to the combustor 100 is kept uniform. The fuel supplied to the combustor 100 is combined with oxygen in the compressed air 21 from the compressor 210 and burns.

The gas turbine 220 is driven by the combustion gas 16 during this combustion. The exhaust gas 17 from the gas turbine 220 is recovered as steam by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 240 and drives the steam turbine 230. Gas turbine 2
The shaft of the steam turbine 20 and the steam turbine 230 are connected to a generator 250, which generates electric power. The steam after driving the steam turbine 230 is returned to liquid water by the condenser 260, the makeup water 31 is added, and the water is supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 240.

As described above, in the gas turbine combustion apparatus formed as described above, the heat of the combustor surface is only absorbed by utilizing the heat absorption accompanying the temperature change of the cooling medium and the state change such as vaporization. In addition, since heat absorption due to chemical change of the cooling medium can be absorbed by utilizing the same, the cooling capacity per unit volume increases, and the cooling efficiency can be improved. That is, for example, when methanol is used as a cooling medium, the amount of heat absorbed when 1 mol of methanol is vaporized is 35.27 kJ, whereas the amount of heat absorbed when 1 mol of methanol is decomposed is 91.03 kJ.
It is. Therefore, the amount of heat absorbed by a unit of methanol is increased by a factor of 3.6 by utilizing the heat absorption during the chemical reaction.

When methane is used as a cooling medium, since methane is a gas at normal temperature, heat at the time of vaporization cannot be used for cooling. Here, if cooling is performed using only the sensible heat change of methane, the endotherm when the temperature of 1 mol of methane rises by 1 ° C. is 0.0398 kJ (100 ° C.).
Therefore, even if the temperature of 1 mol of methane is increased, for example, by 1000 ° C., it is 39.8 k / mol.
Only J can absorb heat. On the other hand, when the endothermic effect of the chemical reaction is used, the amount of heat absorbed when 1 mol of methane reacts with 1 mol of water vapor is 205.75 kJ, so that the cooling capacity per unit methane is greatly expanded.

Therefore, compared with the case where air is used as the cooling medium, the driving temperature of the gas turbine can be easily increased, which contributes to the improvement of the thermal efficiency of the power plant. In addition, this cooling method does not require holes to allow air to pass through the outer wall of the combustor, making it easier to maintain the structural strength of the combustor. Becomes possible.

Further, by coating a catalyst on the fuel or the flow path of the fuel and the steam, the thermal decomposition of the fuel or the steam reforming reaction of the fuel can be promoted. By providing the partition plate in the flow path of the fuel or the fuel and the steam, the heat transfer area is increased and the cooling efficiency is improved. Further, by providing the partition plate in a spiral shape, the residence time of the gas can be extended. Alternatively, by inserting a metal plate coated with a catalyst on one or both sides of a wavy shape, it is possible to increase the area where the fuel or the fuel and the steam contact the catalyst.

Furthermore, the gas generated during combustion is collected and premixed with air to keep the air-fuel ratio constant, to obtain a stable combustion flame, and to prevent local high temperature regions from being generated. Generation of nitrogen oxides due to oxidation of oxygen can be suppressed.

When the present invention is applied to a gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power plant using methanol as a fuel, a high-temperature gas turbine can be used, and part of methanol is reformed to hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Since the fuel is combusted, the efficiency is higher than that of the conventional methanol-evaporated combined cycle power plant, and an efficiency equal to or higher than that of the methanol-reformed combined cycle power plant can be achieved. Further, since there is no need to incorporate a methanol reformer into the exhaust heat recovery boiler, the cost is lower than that of the methanol reforming combined cycle power generation plan, and the cost is almost the same as that of the methanol vaporization type combined cycle power generation plant.

Also, by using a high-efficiency, low-cost gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power generation facility using methanol as fuel, foreign natural energy, poor quality natural gas or carbon dioxide-rich natural gas or coal is converted into methanol. Contribute to the spread of domestic transport systems.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention, the cooling capacity can be increased without using a special device or complicating the structure of the combustor, and the cooling efficiency can be improved. As a result, it is possible to obtain a gas turbine combustion device of this type which has high power generation efficiency and can keep construction costs low.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing one embodiment of a gas turbine combustion device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view showing a conventional combustion device.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view showing an example of a conventional catalytic combustor.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing a conventional gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power generation device that vaporizes methanol to use as fuel.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram showing a conventional gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power generation device that vaporizes methanol to use as fuel.

FIG. 6 is a system diagram showing an example in which a gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power plant using methanol as a fuel is configured using the combustor of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a system diagram showing an example in which a gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power generation plant is configured using the combustor of the present invention and using natural gas and methanol as fuel.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a cross section of a combustor in which fins are provided in a flow path of a fuel used for cooling the combustor.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a combustor in which fins are spirally arranged in a cylindrical direction in a flow path of a fuel used for cooling the combustor.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross section of a combustor in which two corrugated metal plates coated with a catalyst are inserted into a flow path of a fuel used for cooling the combustor.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: fuel, steam, 11: combustor fuel, 12: natural gas, 13: methanol, 14: vaporized methanol, 15 ...
Reformed gas, 16 combustion gas, 17 exhaust gas, 20 air, 21 compressed air, 30 cooling water, 31 makeup water, 4
0: steam, 100: combustor, 101: premixing area, 1
02: head combustion chamber, 103: main combustion chamber, 104: combustion chamber, 110: fuel / reformed gas mixing device, 111: fuel supply control valve, 112: fuel injection nozzle, 120: pilot burner, 121: swirler , 122 ... Swirl burner, 13
0: liner, 131: cooling hole, 132: transition piece, 133: casing, 140: fin, 141 ...
Corrugated metal plate, 150: catalyst layer, 204: natural gas / methanol utilizing gas turbine / steam turbine combined cycle power generator, 210: compressor, 220: gas turbine, 230: steam turbine, 240: exhaust heat recovery boiler,
250: generator, 260: condenser, 270: methanol vaporizer, 280: methanol reformer.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location F23M 5/08 F23M 5/08 Z F23R 3/28 F23R 3/28 F 3/30 3/30 3 / 40 3/40 B (72) Inventor Shinya Konno 7-1-1, Omika-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Within Hitachi Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd.

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A gas turbine combustion device that burns natural gas as a fuel, wherein the combustion fuel and steam are guided to a wall surface of a high-temperature component of a combustor, and the fuel from the high-temperature component is used to reform the fuel into steam. A gas turbine combustion device characterized in that the wall surface of the high-temperature component is cooled at the same time, and the gas generated by the steam reforming is supplied into a combustor as fuel for combustion. 2. A gas turbine combustion device in which hydrocarbons or alcohols are injected and supplied into a combustor liner as fuel and burned, wherein the combustion fuel is guided to an outer wall surface of a liner of the combustor, and the fuel is combusted by heat from the combustor. A gas turbine combustion device characterized in that the wall surface of a combustor liner is cooled at the same time as the thermal decomposition, and the gas generated by the thermal decomposition is supplied into the combustor as fuel for combustion. 3. A gas turbine combustion device in which a hydrocarbon or alcohol is used as fuel, and the fuel is injected from a fuel injection device into a combustor liner to burn the gas turbine. Along the wall side,
A fuel flow path communicating with the fuel injection device is provided, and a heat exchange means for promoting heat exchange with a combustor wall surface is provided in the fuel flow path, and the fuel is circulated through the fuel flow path for combustion. A gas turbine combustion apparatus characterized in that a wall surface of a vessel is cooled and a gas generated by thermal decomposition of the fuel by the heat is injected and supplied into a combustor as fuel for combustion. 4. The gas turbine combustion device according to claim 1, wherein a wall surface of the flow path through which the fuel flows is coated with a catalyst that promotes a thermal decomposition reaction of the fuel. 5. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein at least one corrugated metal plate coated with a catalyst for promoting a thermal decomposition reaction of the fuel is inserted into the flow path through which the fuel flows.
A gas turbine combustion device as described in the claims. 6. A gas turbine combustion device for burning hydrocarbons or alcohols as fuel, wherein the fuel is mixed with steam, the mixture is guided to an outer wall surface of the combustor, and heat from the combustor converts the fuel into steam. The gas is characterized by cooling the wall of the combustor at the same time as cooling, and supplying the gas mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide produced by steam reforming to the combustor as a fuel for combustion. Turbine combustion equipment. 7. The gas turbine combustion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a catalyst that promotes a steam reforming reaction of the fuel is coated in a fuel passage on an outer wall surface of the combustor to which the air-fuel mixture is guided. 8. A corrugated metal plate coated with a catalyst for promoting a steam reforming reaction of fuel is inserted in a fuel flow path on an outer wall surface of the combustor to which the air-fuel mixture is guided. 9. The gas turbine combustion device according to 6, 7, or 8. 9. The gas turbine combustion according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of fins formed linearly or spirally are provided in a flow path on an outer wall of the combustor through which the fuel is guided. apparatus. 10. A gas turbine device comprising the gas turbine combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11. A fuel supply method for a gas turbine combustion device that burns hydrocarbons or alcohols as fuel, wherein the fuel is mixed with steam when the fuel is supplied to the combustion device. Leading to a high temperature portion of the combustor, steam reforming the fuel by the heat of the high temperature portion, and hydrogen generated by the steam reforming,
A fuel supply method for a gas turbine combustion device, wherein a gas containing carbon monoxide as a main component is supplied into a combustor and burned. 12. A fuel supply method for a gas turbine combustion device that burns a hydrocarbon or an alcohol as a fuel, wherein the fuel is supplied to a combustion device, the fuel is guided to an outer wall surface of the combustor, and the heat from the combustor is The fuel supply of the gas turbine combustion device is characterized in that the fuel is thermally decomposed and the wall of the combustor is cooled at the same time, and the gas generated by the thermal decomposition is supplied as fuel to the combustor and burned. Method. 13. The gas according to claim 11, wherein a gas produced by reacting the fuel or the fuel and the steam when the combustor is cooled is premixed with air and supplied to an apparatus for injecting the fuel. A fuel supply method for a turbine combustion device. 14. A fuel or a gas produced by reacting fuel and water vapor when cooling each combustor, and premixing the same or another kind of fuel and air not used for cooling the combustor with the fuel. The fuel supply method for a gas turbine combustion device according to claim 11, wherein the fuel is supplied to a device that injects fuel.