JPH1044044A - Sandblast - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form an excavating groove in a rectangular shape and make the outline of the excavating groove clear by jetting a polishing material from a jet nozzle across the entire area of a small width range of the up/down or right/left of a straight line movement direction by a nozzle operation device. SOLUTION: An engraving material surface can be engraved by the spray of a polishing material from the jet nozzle 41 of a blast head 4 to the engraving material surface 8a. By installing a head change device 7 for changing the position of the blast head 4 little by little in a perpendicular orthogonally crossing direction for the moving direction of the blast head 4 by a nozzle operation device between the blast head 4 and the nozzle operation device, the jet nozzle can be changed by a small range width while moving in a straight line.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sand blast in which small particles of abrasive material are sprayed on a surface of an engraving material such as a stone to engrave patterns and characters on the surface of the engraving material. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When engraving a pattern or a character on the surface of an engraving material such as a stone, an apparatus called sandblasting is used. This sand blast is to process a desired engraving on the surface of the engraving material by injecting a small particle abrasive at a high speed from an injection nozzle.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a conventional sand blast. This conventional sand blast includes a pressurized tank 1 for accommodating abrasive particles S _{1 in the} form of small particles (FIG. 7), a blast head 4 for jetting the abrasive material S ₁ in the pressurized tank ₁ at a high speed, and a blast head. A nozzle operating device 2 for moving the nozzle 4 vertically and horizontally, and a dust S containing the abrasive S ₁ sprayed from the spray nozzle 41 of the blast head 4
₂ (FIG. 7) is provided with a dust collection device 3 for collecting dust (D) and a dust collection tank 14 for storing lightweight dust separated from the dust S ₂ collected in the dust collection device 3.

After the abrasive S 1 in the pressurized tank 1 flows into the abrasive adjuster 10 provided at the bottom thereof, the abrasive S ₁ is supplied from the injection nozzle 41 through the supply pipe 11 by high-pressure air A from a not-shown pressure feeding device. It is designed to be injected.

The nozzle operating device 2 can move the blast head 4 with respect to the engraving material 8 in two-dimensional directions, up and down, left and right, by a left and right moving device 22 including a servo motor in the same manner as a vertical moving device 21 including a servo motor. It has become.

[0006] Dust collecting device 3 and collected by suction the dust S _2, it is scraping it from heavy (abrasive S ₁₎ and light product (those abrasive S ₁ is becomes finer and engraving member (Separated stone powder).

The blast head 4 is fixed to the distal end of the left and right moving device 22 in a state in which the posture and position cannot be changed. The blast head 4 can be moved in two-dimensional directions of up, down, left and right by the up and down moving device 21 and the left and right moving device 22. It has become. still,
The nozzle operating device 2 controls the operation of the blast head 4 by a program set in the control box 23 in advance. That is, in this type of sand blast, the injection nozzle 41 of the blast head 4 is moved up and down (or left and right) from the starting point C ₁ to the ending point C ₂ of the processing portion of the engraving material 8 as shown by a movement locus C in FIG. Are sequentially moved in a zigzag manner at small intervals.

As shown in FIG. 7, the blast head 4 is provided with a dust suction port 33 so as to surround the injection port 42 of the injection nozzle 41. The dust suction port 33 and the separator 13 are connected to each other. They are connected by a collection pipe 12. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 40 denotes a nozzle cover.

In the conventional sandblasting shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the engraving surface is used for engraving characters and designs on a sculpture material (eg, a tombstone) 8 having a flat shape. First, a protective cover 9 having a processing hole 9a is attached to the surface 8a of the engraving material 8 (FIGS. 7 to 9). Note that the operation of the blast head 4 is moved in a zigzag manner on a locus C set in advance by the control box 23 of the nozzle operating device 2 as shown in FIG. 8, for example. Next, when the operation is started with the nozzle orifice 42 of the blast head 4 positioned at the starting point (C _{1 in} FIG. 8) of the processing portion, the abrasive S ₁ is engraved from the nozzle orifice 42 through the processing hole 9 a. It is high-speed jet in timber surface 8a, engraved material surface 8a of the machined hole 9a portion of the protective cover 9 is gradually being drilled (excavation 8b) by sequentially abrasive S _1.

By the way, in this kind of sand blast,
During the excavation work, the abrasive S ₁ from the injection port 42 of the injection nozzle 41
Is ejected in a very narrow area. In the conventional sand blasting shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the blast head 4 is fixed to the tip of the left and right moving device 22 in a state in which the posture and the position cannot be changed. It moves only in the direction. Therefore, the excavation groove 8b formed by this conventional sand blasting is shown in FIG.
(A) or (B) as shown in FIG. The excavation groove 8b is preferably excavated in a rectangular shape as indicated by reference numeral 8b 'in FIG. 9 (A) or (B) in view of the sharpness. Conventionally, such excavation is performed by sand blasting (automatic machine). The excavated V-shaped excavation groove 8b is
Later, it is finished in a rectangular shape by manual sandblasting. In this case, the abrasive is injected while the injection nozzle of the manual sand blast is directed toward the side surface of the excavation groove 8b as indicated by reference numeral 41 'or 41 "in FIG. 9A or 9B. Let it.

[0011]

However, FIG. 6 and FIG.
In the conventional sand blasting shown in FIG. 9, the blast head 4 is fixed in a state in which the posture and the position cannot be changed, and only a very narrow width is excavated in one direction during the excavation operation. Or it is excavated in a V-shape as shown in FIG. As described above, when the excavation groove 8b is V-shaped (the contour is poor in definition), a large amount of a portion to be removed when manually performing the finishing process later remains, and the time required for the manual finishing process increases. was there. Also, such manual finishing is
Since the operator holds the blast head in his hand, the longer the finishing time, the higher the degree of fatigue.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional sand blast, and even if only an automatic sand blast is used,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a sand blast in which the contour of a digging groove can be formed sharply and the work can be completed in a short time even when finishing is manually performed later.

[0013]

The present invention has the following structure as means for solving the above-mentioned problems.

That is, according to the present invention, in the sand blast described in the section of the prior art, between the blast head and the nozzle operating device, the position of the blast head is perpendicular to the moving direction of the blast head by the nozzle operating device. And a head fluctuation device for finely moving the head in small orthogonal directions.

In this type of sand blasting, the surface of the engraving material is excavated while the blast head is linearly moved vertically and horizontally in a vertical plane by a nozzle operating device. While the blast head (spray nozzle) is moved linearly in the vertical or horizontal direction by the apparatus, the blast head (spray nozzle) is fluctuated in a vertical plane by a head fluctuation device. In addition, the head variation device varies the blast head (injection nozzle) in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the blast head. The center of the blast head is, for example, a small radius of about 2 to 3 mm (4 to 3 mm in diameter). If the blast head is continuously rotated at about 6 mm), it is possible to suitably cope with a case where the blast head moves in either the vertical direction or the horizontal direction. The direction of movement of the blast head by the head moving device may be reciprocated up and down (or left and right) in a vertical plane with respect to the direction of linear movement by the nozzle operating device.

As described above, in the sandblasting of the present invention, during engraving work, the injection nozzle moves up and down or left and right while moving in the right and left direction (at the time of up and down movement) or up and down (at the time of right and left movement). The injection nozzle is displaced little by little in the range, and the injection nozzle is moved over a small width (for example, about 4 to 6 mm in amplitude) in a belt-like range over the entire area with the linear movement of the blast head.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. The sandblast of this embodiment engraves characters and designs on a flat surface of an engraving material such as a tombstone. Is what is used for

The basic structure and functions of the sandblasting apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are substantially the same as those of the conventional example shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the sand blast comprises a pressurized tank 1 containing small abrasive particles S ₁ (FIG. 3), and a blast head 4 for spraying the abrasive in the pressurized tank 1 at a high speed. And the blast head 4 is moved up and down
Nozzle operating device 2 for moving to the left and right, and abrasive S ₁ sprayed from spray nozzle 41 of blast head 4
A dust collection device 3 for collecting dust S ₂ (FIG. 3) containing the dust and a dust collection tank 14 for storing lightweight dust separated from the dust S ₂ .

The nozzle operating device 2 has an up-down movement device 21 including a servomotor and a left-right movement device 22 also including a servomotor. The blast head 4 is attached to the distal end of a left-right movement device 22 and is moved in two-dimensional directions of up / down and left / right by the up-down movement device 21 and the left-right movement device 22. In addition, blast head 4
Is installed in a state of being directed forward in the horizontal direction. The nozzle operating device 2 controls the operation of the blast head 4 by a program set in the control box 23 in advance, and the ejection nozzle 41 of the blast head 4 is indicated by, for example, a movement locus C in FIG. as from the starting point C ₁ of the working portion of the engraving member 8 to the end point C _2, it is adapted to move sequentially in a zigzag with a small interval in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 3, the blast head 4 is provided with a dust suction port 33 so as to surround the injection port 42 of the injection nozzle 41. The dust suction port 33 and the separator 13 are connected to a collecting pipe. 12 is connected. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 40 denotes a nozzle cover.

[0021] distal end portion of the blast head 4, inner and outer double cover 5,6 for preventing the above dust S ₂ is scattered around is mounted. Each of these cover bodies 5,
Numeral 6 is made of an elastic material such as sponge and the like.
Not to hurt.

In order to use this sandblast, first, as shown in FIG. 3, a protective cover 9 having a processing hole 9a is attached to the surface 8a of the engraving material 8. Next, the nozzle orifice 42 of the blast head 4 is aligned with the starting end (for example, reference numeral C _{1 in} FIG. 8) of the processing hole 9a of the protective cover 9, and the tip of the blast head 4 (the tip of the cover body).
The operation is started in a state where is brought close to (or lightly in contact with) the engraving material surface 8a. Then, the abrasive S ₁ from the abrasive adjuster 10 is supplied to the injection nozzle 41 side, and the abrasive S ₁ is injected at high speed from the nozzle orifice 42 to the engraving material surface 8a, and the abrasive S ₁ protects the abrasive S ₁ . The engraving material surface 8a corresponding to the processing hole 9a of the cover 9 is excavated. or,
The blast head 4 (injection nozzle 41) sequentially moves in a zigzag manner as set in the control box 23 by the nozzle operating device 2 (for example, as indicated by reference numeral C in FIG. 8), thereby protecting the engraving material surface 8a. Excavation is performed in the shape of the processing hole 9a of the cover 9.

By the way, when the blast head 4 simply moves on a straight line during excavation, the excavation groove becomes V-shaped as described in the conventional example. In the vertical plane, it is fluctuated vertically or horizontally. That is, in the sand blast of the present application, the head changing device 7 is provided between the tip of the left and right moving device 22 and the blast head 4.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the head variation device 7 includes an eccentric rotation mechanism 15 and a motor 17 for driving the eccentric rotation mechanism 15.

The eccentric rotation mechanism 15 has shaft portions 57 and 5 at both ends.
An eccentric shaft 56 provided with an eccentric portion 58 at the intermediate portion of 7 is used. The center P of the shaft portion 57 of the eccentric shaft 56 and the eccentric portion 58
The amount of eccentricity t (FIGS. 3 and 4) with respect to the center Q is, for example, 2 to 3
It is set to about mm. The eccentric amount t of the eccentric shaft 56
Can be appropriately changed in design. The eccentric shaft 56 has shaft portions 57, 57 at both ends supported by bearings 53, 53 of the pedestal 52 via bearings 54, 54.

On the other hand, on the top surface of the tip of the
The mounting table 50 is fixed, and the receiving table 52 of the eccentric rotation mechanism 15 is mounted on the mounting table 50. The receiving table 52 is attached to the mounting table 50 with guide rods 51, 51 so that the position thereof can be adjusted in the front-rear direction. The receiving table 52 can be fixed at a predetermined position by an appropriate adjusting means (for example, a bolt). The position adjusting means adjusts the position of the front end surface (front surface of the cover) of the blast head 4 with respect to the surface 8a of the engraving material 8.

A fitting body 61 is fitted to the eccentric portion 58 of the eccentric shaft 56 via two front and rear bearings 59,59. The upper and lower two base plates 6 are provided on the upper surface of the fitting body 61.
2, 63 are fixed. The blast head 4 is attached to the upper surface of the upper base plate 63 by a support 64. Therefore, the fitting body 61, the upper and lower base plates 62 and 63, the support body 64, and the blast head 4 are integrally fixed, and these constitute the movable body 60.

The motor 17 is fixed to the receiving table 52 side, and a belt 71 is wound around a pulley on the motor 17 side and a pulley on the eccentric shaft 56 side. The motor 17 rotates at a suitable low speed.

When the motor 17 is operated, the eccentric shaft 56 rotates, and the eccentric portion 58 rotates eccentrically with respect to the shaft portions 57, 57 with the radius of the eccentric amount t. It has become. At this time, the movable body 60 (fitted body fitting body, upper and lower base plate 6) fitted to the eccentric portion 58
2, 63, the support 64, and the blast head 4) are eccentrically fluctuated with the eccentricity t as a radius. Therefore, the injection port 42 of the injection nozzle 41 is set to the eccentricity t as shown by a symbol T in FIG. Circular motion in a range of diameter twice as large as.

The lower base plate 62 of the movable body 60 is supported by the guide device 66 with respect to the receiving table 52 so as to maintain a horizontal posture. The guide device 66 has a vertical guide 67 and a horizontal guide 68 so that when the movable body 60 undergoes eccentric fluctuation, the vertical and horizontal fluctuations can be absorbed by the guide device 66.

When the sand blast of this embodiment is operated, the head changing device 7 is also operated. Then, the injection nozzle 41 of the blast head 4 is moved to the nozzle operating device 2
While moving linearly up and down and right and left, the eccentric fluctuation (circular motion) is caused by the head fluctuation device 7 in a small range T (about 4 to 6 mm in diameter). Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5, for each movement in one direction, the abrasive S ₁ from the injection nozzle 41 will be ejected over the entire width of the small range T. As described above, the predetermined width T is set vertically or horizontally in the moving direction.
When abrasive S ₁ is ejected while only varies, the machined hole 9
The engraving material surface 8a in the portion corresponding to a is excavated uniformly, and the excavation groove 8b is formed in a rectangular shape as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the use of the sand blasting device with the head variation device of the present invention makes the contour of the formed excavation groove 8b clear and enables high quality engraving. In addition, even when finishing work is performed after engraving by sandblasting, the finishing time can be reduced, so that the working time can be greatly reduced.

[0033]

According to sandblasting of the present invention according to the present invention, the head variator 7 between the blast head 4 and the nozzle operating device 2 is provided, linearly moving the abrasive S ₁ from the injection nozzle 41 by the nozzle operating device 2 Since it can be sprayed over the entire area of the small width range T in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction in the direction,
The excavation groove 8b can be formed in a rectangular shape. Therefore,
If the sand blast of the present invention is used, the excavation groove 8b
The effect is that the contour of the surface can be sharpened, and even if finishing is performed, the number of finishing portions can be reduced and the working time can be greatly reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sand blast according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view as viewed from an arrow B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to a section taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to a section taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of an injection nozzle portion of the sandblast of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a conventional sandblast.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a blast head portion of the blast head of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view of this type of blast head.

FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view of an injection nozzle portion of a conventional sandblast.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 is a nozzle operating device, 4 is a blast head, 7 is a head changing device, 8 is an engraving material, 8a is a surface, 8b is a digging groove, 1
5 is an eccentric rotation mechanism, 17 is a motor, 21 is a vertical movement device,
22 is a left-right movement device, 41 is an injection nozzle, 42 is an injection port, 6
0 is a movable body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A blast head (4) having a spray nozzle (41) capable of engraving the surface (8a) of an engraving material (8) by spraying an abrasive onto the surface (8a), and the blast head. In a sand blast comprising a nozzle operating device (2) for moving the (4) vertically and horizontally with respect to the engraving material (8), the blast head (4) and the nozzle operating device (2)
A head changing device (7) for changing the position of the blast head (4) in small increments in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the blast head (4) by the nozzle operating device (2). Sandblasting characterized by having provided.