JPH1043846A - Nozzle for continuous casting made of zirconia-graphite - Google Patents
Nozzle for continuous casting made of zirconia-graphiteInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1043846A JPH1043846A JP8221811A JP22181196A JPH1043846A JP H1043846 A JPH1043846 A JP H1043846A JP 8221811 A JP8221811 A JP 8221811A JP 22181196 A JP22181196 A JP 22181196A JP H1043846 A JPH1043846 A JP H1043846A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zirconia
- continuous casting
- aluminum nitride
- weight
- graphite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、鋼等の連続鋳造工
程におけるレードルとタンディシュ間、あるいはタンデ
ィシュとモールド間において使用される連続鋳造用ノズ
ルに関し、特にジルコニア−黒鉛質の連続鋳造用ノズル
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuous casting nozzle used between a ladle and a tundish or between a tundish and a mold in a continuous casting process of steel or the like, and particularly to a zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle. It is.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、鋼等の連続鋳造工程におい
て、レードルとタンディシュ間、あるいはタンディシュ
とモールド間に、ロングノズル、浸漬ノズル等の連続鋳
造用ノズルが用いられている。これらノズルを用いると
溶鋼が空気と接触しないため、溶鋼の酸化を防止するこ
とができ、良好な鋳造を行うことができる。尚、連続鋳
造用ノズルにおいて、ジルコニア−黒鉛質は一般的に溶
鋼の湯面を覆う溶融スラグに接する部位に使用されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, continuous casting nozzles such as long nozzles and immersion nozzles have been used between a ladle and a tundish or between a tundish and a mold in a continuous casting process of steel or the like. When these nozzles are used, the molten steel does not come into contact with air, so that oxidation of the molten steel can be prevented and good casting can be performed. In the continuous casting nozzle, zirconia-graphite is generally used at a portion in contact with molten slag covering the molten metal surface.
【０００３】この連続鋳造用ノズルは、アルミナ（Ａｌ
2 Ｏ3 ）、ジルコニア（ＺｒＯ2 ）、シリカ（ＳｉＯ
2 ）、マグネシア（ＭｇＯ）、ムライト（３Ａｌ2 Ｏ3
・２ＳｉＯ2 ）等の酸化物原料、あるいは炭化珪素（Ｓ
ｉＣ）、炭化硼素（Ｂ4 Ｃ）等の炭化物原料、あるいは
ホウ化ジルコニウム（ＺｒＢ2 ）等のホウ化物原料の少
なくともいずれか１つの原料から構成されると共に、珪
素（Ｓｉ）などの金属を必要に応じて含む耐火性骨材
と、黒鉛とから構成されている。[0003] This continuous casting nozzle is made of alumina (Al).
2 O 3 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), silica (SiO
2 ), magnesia (MgO), mullite (3Al 2 O 3)
.2SiO 2 ) or silicon carbide (S
iC), a carbide material such as boron carbide (B 4 C), or a boride material such as zirconium boride (ZrB 2 ), and a metal such as silicon (Si) is required. And graphite.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、従来の連続
鋳造用ノズルは、上記したように炭素を含有しており、
また、バインダーが固化することによるカーボンボンド
により組織が構成されている。そのため、酸化（脱炭）
によって組織劣化が起こり、この組織劣化によって、強
度低下、耐食性低下、耐熱衝撃抵抗性低下などを引き起
し、連続鋳造用ノズルの使用寿命を短いものとしてい
た。これを防止するために、従来から上述したような珪
素等の添加物を加え、カーボンの酸化、すなわち組織劣
化の防止を行っていた。しかし、上述したような珪素等
の添加物を加えても、酸化を完全に防止することはでき
ず、またカーボンの酸化防止の有効な温度域は、添加物
によって決まっており、連続鋳造用ノズルの使用温度に
よってはカーボンが酸化されるという技術的課題があっ
た。The conventional continuous casting nozzle contains carbon as described above,
Further, the structure is constituted by carbon bonds caused by solidification of the binder. Therefore, oxidation (decarburization)
As a result, structural deterioration occurs, and the structural deterioration causes a reduction in strength, a reduction in corrosion resistance, a reduction in thermal shock resistance, and the like, and shortens the service life of the continuous casting nozzle. In order to prevent this, conventionally, additives such as silicon as described above have been added to prevent oxidation of carbon, that is, prevention of structural deterioration. However, even if an additive such as silicon as described above is added, oxidation cannot be completely prevented, and the effective temperature range for preventing oxidation of carbon is determined by the additive. There has been a technical problem that carbon is oxidized depending on the use temperature of the steel.
【０００５】一方、ジルコニア（ＺｒＯ2 ）と黒鉛から
なる、いわゆるジルコニア−黒鉛質の鋳造用ノズルは、
他の鋳造用ノズルと比べ耐食性が優れるものの、前述の
ようにカーボンの酸化に伴う耐食性低下等の技術的課題
があった。On the other hand, a so-called zirconia-graphite casting nozzle made of zirconia (ZrO 2 ) and graphite is:
Although it has better corrosion resistance than other casting nozzles, there are technical problems such as a decrease in corrosion resistance due to carbon oxidation as described above.
【０００６】本発明は、上記技術的課題を解決するため
になされたものであり、ジルコニア−黒鉛質の連続鋳造
用ノズルにおいて、飛躍的にその耐食性を向上させた連
続鋳造用ノズルを提供することを目的とするものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a continuous casting nozzle of zirconia-graphite which has significantly improved corrosion resistance. It is intended for.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明にかかるジルコニ
ア−黒鉛質の連続鋳造用ノズルは、ジルコニア−黒鉛質
の連続鋳造用ノズルにおいて、１〜４０重量％のホウ化
ジルコニウムと１〜１０重量％の窒化アルミニウムを含
有することを特徴とする。また、本発明にかかるジルコ
ニア−黒鉛質の連続鋳造用ノズルは、金属アルミニウム
を１〜１０重量％添加し、窒素雰囲気で焼成することに
より窒化アルミニウムを生成し、１〜１０重量％の窒化
アルミニウムを含有することが望ましい。更に、本発明
にかかるジルコニア−黒鉛質の連続鋳造用ノズルは、金
属アルミニウムを１〜１０重量％添加し、８００℃以上
１２００℃未満の窒素雰囲気で焼成することにより窒化
アルミニウムを生成させることが望ましい。The zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle according to the present invention is a zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle comprising 1 to 40% by weight of zirconium boride and 1 to 10% by weight. Characterized by containing aluminum nitride. In addition, the zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle according to the present invention generates 1 to 10% by weight of aluminum nitride by adding 1 to 10% by weight of metallic aluminum and firing in a nitrogen atmosphere to produce 1 to 10% by weight of aluminum nitride. It is desirable to contain. Further, the zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle according to the present invention is preferably formed by adding 1 to 10% by weight of metallic aluminum and firing it in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ° C. or more and less than 1200 ° C. to produce aluminum nitride. .
【０００８】このように構成された１〜４０重量％のホ
ウ化ジルコニウムと１〜１０重量％の窒化アルミニウム
を含有する本発明にかかるジルコニア−黒鉛質の連続鋳
造用ノズルにおいて、耐熱衝撃抵抗性、耐食性の向上が
認められた。特に、飛躍的に耐食性の向上することが確
認できた。[0008] The zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle according to the present invention, comprising 1 to 40% by weight of zirconium boride and 1 to 10% by weight of aluminum nitride, has a thermal shock resistance, An improvement in corrosion resistance was observed. In particular, it was confirmed that the corrosion resistance was dramatically improved.
【０００９】また、窒化アルミニウムの代わりに金属ア
ルミニウムを使用し、焼成時の雰囲気を窒素雰囲気に
し、材質中に窒化アルミニウムを点在させることによ
り、前述と同様の効果を奏することが認められた。It has also been found that the same effects as described above can be obtained by using metal aluminum instead of aluminum nitride, setting the atmosphere during firing to a nitrogen atmosphere, and scattering aluminum nitride in the material.
【００１０】ここで、窒化アルミニウムまたは金属アル
ミニウムの添加量が１重量％未満ではその添加効果が顕
著に現れない。一方、窒化アルミニウムまたは金属アル
ミニウムの添加量が１０重量％を越えると、ジルコニア
の相対量が減少することにより、耐食性の低下を引き起
こす。したがって、窒化アルミニウムまたは金属アルミ
ニウムの添加量は１〜１０重量％の範囲が望ましい。Here, if the addition amount of aluminum nitride or metal aluminum is less than 1% by weight, the effect of the addition does not appear remarkably. On the other hand, when the addition amount of aluminum nitride or metal aluminum exceeds 10% by weight, the relative amount of zirconia decreases, causing a decrease in corrosion resistance. Therefore, the addition amount of aluminum nitride or aluminum metal is preferably in the range of 1 to 10% by weight.
【００１１】また、ホウ化ジルコニウムの添加量は１〜
４０重量％の範囲が望ましい。１重量％未満の場合は、
耐食性向上の効果が顕著に現れなく、また４０重量％を
越えると、耐熱衝撃抵抗性の低下が大きくなるためであ
る。また、ホウ化ジルコニウムは耐火物原料としては高
価であるため、多量の使用は望ましくはない。したがっ
て、ホウ化ジルコニウムの添加量は１〜４０重量％の範
囲が望ましい。The amount of zirconium boride added is 1 to
A range of 40% by weight is desirable. If less than 1% by weight,
This is because the effect of improving the corrosion resistance is not remarkably exhibited, and if it exceeds 40% by weight, the thermal shock resistance is greatly reduced. In addition, zirconium boride is expensive as a refractory raw material, so that it is not desirable to use a large amount of zirconium boride. Therefore, the addition amount of zirconium boride is desirably in the range of 1 to 40% by weight.
【００１２】更に、焼成時の雰囲気を窒素雰囲気にし、
窒化アルミニウムを生成させるためには、８００℃以上
１２００℃未満の温度で焼成するのが好ましい。金属ア
ルミニウムが窒化し、窒化アルミニウムを生成する温度
以上でなければならないため、８００℃以上でなければ
ならない。また、１２００℃以上では、ジルコニア−黒
鉛質では原料として含む部分安定化ジルコニアの安定化
剤が離脱する脱安定化減少が起こり、材質の特性に弊害
をもたらす。したがって、好ましい焼成温度は、８００
℃以上１２００℃未満である。Further, the atmosphere during firing is a nitrogen atmosphere,
In order to produce aluminum nitride, firing at a temperature of 800 ° C. or more and less than 1200 ° C. is preferable. The temperature must be 800 ° C. or higher because the temperature must be equal to or higher than the temperature at which metallic aluminum is nitrided to form aluminum nitride. If the temperature is 1200 ° C. or more, the zirconia-graphite destabilizes due to the release of the partially stabilized zirconia stabilizer contained as a raw material, which adversely affects the properties of the material. Therefore, the preferred firing temperature is 800
It is not less than 1200 ° C.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】ジルコニアー黒鉛質の連続鋳造ノ
ズルを製造し、熱衝撃抵抗係数及び耐食性指数を求め、
各ノズルを比較検討した。ここで、熱衝撃抵抗係数と
は、 熱衝撃抵抗係数＝曲げ強さ／（熱膨張係数×動弾性率） で表され、この数値が大きい程、一般的に耐熱衝撃抵抗
性に優れているといえる。また、耐食性指数とは、高周
波誘導炉を用いて融解した鋼中に浸漬させることにより
評価するものであって、ある特定のノズルを１００とし
た時の溶損比により算出される。この数値が大きい程、
耐食性に優れるといえる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle is manufactured, and its thermal shock resistance coefficient and corrosion resistance index are determined.
Each nozzle was compared and examined. Here, the thermal shock resistance coefficient is represented by: thermal shock resistance coefficient = flexural strength / (thermal expansion coefficient × dynamic elastic modulus), and the larger the numerical value is, the more excellent the thermal shock resistance is generally. I can say. The corrosion resistance index is evaluated by immersing the steel in a molten steel using a high-frequency induction furnace, and is calculated by a erosion ratio when a specific nozzle is set to 100. The larger this number is,
It can be said that it has excellent corrosion resistance.
【００１４】次に、各実施例及び比較例の配合割合を表
１に示す。比較例１を基本の配合とし、外率で窒化アル
ミニウムまたは金属アルミニウムを添加している。この
基本配合（比較例１）において、ホウ化ジルコニウムは
５重量％配合されている。また、窒化アルミニウムの添
加量は、実施例１（３重量％）、実施例２（７重量
％）、比較例２（１２重量％）と増加させた。また、金
属アルミニウムの添加量は、実施例３（３重量％）、実
施例４（７重量％）、比較例３（１２重量％）と増加さ
せた。尚、比較例２、比較例３は各々実施例と同じ原料
の組合せであるが、窒化アルミニウムまたは金属アルミ
ニウムの添加量が１２重量％と本発明の範囲外にある。Next, Table 1 shows the proportions of the respective Examples and Comparative Examples. Comparative Example 1 was used as a basic composition, and aluminum nitride or metallic aluminum was added at an external ratio. In this basic formulation (Comparative Example 1), 5% by weight of zirconium boride was blended. The addition amount of aluminum nitride was increased in Example 1 (3% by weight), Example 2 (7% by weight), and Comparative Example 2 (12% by weight). The addition amount of metallic aluminum was increased in Example 3 (3% by weight), Example 4 (7% by weight), and Comparative Example 3 (12% by weight). Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are each the same raw material combination as in the Examples, but the addition amount of aluminum nitride or metallic aluminum is 12% by weight, which is out of the range of the present invention.
【００１５】次に、表１に示された実施例、比較例の供
試体の作製手順を説明すると、原料を混練後、成形圧
１．５ton/cm2 の静水圧プレスにて成形し、窒素雰囲気
下１０００℃で焼成を行うことによって、供試体を得
た。Next, the procedure for preparing the test specimens of Examples and Comparative Examples shown in Table 1 will be described. After kneading the raw materials, the raw materials are molded by a hydrostatic press with a molding pressure of 1.5 ton / cm 2 , and nitrogen The specimen was obtained by firing at 1000 ° C. in an atmosphere.
【００１６】[0016]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１７】上記表１に示すように、基本配合である比
較例１と比較し、実施例１、２、３において、各々熱衝
撃抵抗係数、耐食性が向上している。特に耐食性の飛躍
的に向上することが認められた。一方、窒化アルミニウ
ムまたは金属アルミニウムの添加量を増加させ、１２重
量％添加した比較例２、３は、耐食性指数が基本の配合
より低下しており、各々の添加による熱衝撃抵抗係数、
耐食性の向上効果が現れないことが確認された。As shown in Table 1, the thermal shock resistance coefficient and the corrosion resistance are improved in Examples 1, 2, and 3, respectively, as compared with Comparative Example 1, which is the basic formulation. In particular, it was recognized that the corrosion resistance was dramatically improved. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 in which the addition amount of aluminum nitride or metal aluminum was increased and 12% by weight was added, the corrosion resistance index was lower than that of the basic formulation, and the thermal shock resistance coefficient by each addition,
It was confirmed that the effect of improving corrosion resistance did not appear.
【００１８】次に、今度は窒化アルミニウムの添加量を
一定とし、ホウ化ジルコニウムの添加量を変化させる試
作を行った。その各実施例及び比較例を表２に示す。ホ
ウ化ジルコニウムは部分安定化ジルコニウムで置換して
添加されている。つまり、比較例４を基本配合として、
ホウ化ジルコニウムの添加量は、実施例５（３重量
％）、実施例６（１５重量％）、実施例７（３０重量
％）、比較例５（４５重量％）と増加させている。その
代わりにホウ化ジルコニウムの増加分を各配合におい
て、部分安定化ジルコニアの添加量を少なくさせてい
る。比較例５は各々実施例と同じ原料の組合せである
が、ホウ化ジルコニウムの添加量が４５重量％と本発明
の範囲外にある。表２に示された実施例、比較例の供試
体の作製手順は表１の各配合での試作手順と同様であ
る。Next, a trial production was performed in which the addition amount of zirconium boride was changed while keeping the addition amount of aluminum nitride constant. Table 2 shows the respective examples and comparative examples. Zirconium boride is added by substituting partially stabilized zirconium. That is, Comparative Example 4 was used as a basic formulation,
The amount of zirconium boride added was increased in Example 5 (3% by weight), Example 6 (15% by weight), Example 7 (30% by weight), and Comparative Example 5 (45% by weight). Instead, the added amount of partially stabilized zirconia is reduced in each formulation with an increased amount of zirconium boride. Comparative Example 5 is a combination of the same raw materials as in each of the examples, but the added amount of zirconium boride is 45% by weight, which is out of the range of the present invention. The procedure for preparing the test specimens of the examples and comparative examples shown in Table 2 is the same as the procedure for the trial production of each composition shown in Table 1.
【００１９】[0019]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２０】上記表２に示すように、基本配合である比
較例４と比較し、実施例５、６、７、比較例５におい
て、各々耐食性が飛躍的に向上している。しかし、比較
例５は基本配合（比較例４）と比較し耐熱衝撃抵抗性が
大幅に減少しており、連続鋳造用ノズルとして要求され
る耐熱衝撃抵抗性が満足できるものではないことが確認
された。As shown in Table 2, the corrosion resistance of each of Examples 5, 6, 7, and Comparative Example 5 is remarkably improved as compared with Comparative Example 4 which is a basic formulation. However, in Comparative Example 5, the thermal shock resistance was significantly reduced as compared with the basic composition (Comparative Example 4), and it was confirmed that the thermal shock resistance required for a continuous casting nozzle was not satisfactory. Was.
【００２１】以上のことから、ジルコニア−黒鉛質にお
いて、ホウ化ジルコニウム及び、窒化アルミニウムまた
は金属アルミニウムを添加することにより、連続鋳造用
ノズルの特性として要求される耐熱衝撃抵抗性及び耐食
性が向上することを認められ、特に、耐食性が飛躍的に
向上することが認められた。From the above, it can be seen that by adding zirconium boride and aluminum nitride or metallic aluminum to zirconia-graphite, the thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance required as characteristics of a continuous casting nozzle are improved. And, in particular, it was recognized that the corrosion resistance was dramatically improved.
【００２２】尚、上記実施例では、供試体の作製に際し
焼成温度は１０００℃であったが、これ以下またはこれ
以上の温度であってもよい。前述したように、１０００
℃以下の場合は金属アルミニウムが窒化し、窒化アルミ
ニウムを生成する温度以上でなければならないため、８
００℃以上でなければならない。また、１０００℃以上
の場合は、１２００℃未満が望ましい。１２００℃以上
では、ジルコニア−黒鉛質では原料として含む部分安定
化ジルコニアの安定化剤が離脱する脱安定化減少が起こ
り、材質の特性に弊害をもたらすためである。したがっ
て、好ましい焼成温度は、８００℃〜１２００℃であ
る。In the above-described embodiment, the firing temperature was 1000 ° C. in the preparation of the specimen, but the firing temperature may be lower or higher. As mentioned above, 1000
If the temperature is lower than 0 ° C., the temperature must be higher than the temperature at which metallic aluminum is nitrided to form aluminum nitride.
Must be at least 00 ° C. When the temperature is 1000 ° C. or higher, the temperature is preferably lower than 1200 ° C. If the temperature is 1200 ° C. or more, in the zirconia-graphite, the stabilization of the partially stabilized zirconia contained as a raw material is released, and the destabilization is reduced. Therefore, a preferable firing temperature is 800 ° C to 1200 ° C.
【００２３】また、窒化アルミニウムを材質中に点在さ
せる方法として、原料として窒化アルミニウムを添加し
てもよいし、また、前述のように金属アルミニウムを添
加し、焼成時の反応により、窒化アルミニウムを生成さ
せ、結果として窒化アルミニウムを点在させてもよい。As a method of dispersing aluminum nitride in the material, aluminum nitride may be added as a raw material, or, as described above, metal aluminum may be added, and the reaction at the time of firing may cause the aluminum nitride to be added. It may be formed and aluminum nitride may be interspersed as a result.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上のように、請求項１に記載された発
明よれば、ジルコニア−黒鉛質の連続鋳造用ノズルにお
いて、１〜４０重量％のホウ化ジルコニウムと、１〜１
０重量％の窒化アルミニウムを含有するため、カーボン
の酸化を抑制する効果を奏する。その結果、材質の強度
低下を防ぎ、耐熱衝撃抵抗性、特に、耐食性に優れた高
耐用性のジルコニア−黒鉛質の連続鋳造用ノズルを得る
ことができる。As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle, 1 to 40% by weight of zirconium boride,
Since it contains 0% by weight of aluminum nitride, it has an effect of suppressing carbon oxidation. As a result, it is possible to obtain a highly durable zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle having excellent thermal shock resistance, particularly excellent corrosion resistance, while preventing a reduction in the strength of the material.
【００２５】また、請求項２、３に記載された発明よれ
ば、金属アルミニウムを１〜１０重量％添加し、窒素雰
囲気で焼成することにより窒化アルミニウムを生成させ
ることによって、１〜１０重量％の窒化アルミニウムを
容易に含有させることができる。According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, 1 to 10% by weight of metallic aluminum is added, and the aluminum nitride is formed by firing in a nitrogen atmosphere to produce 1 to 10% by weight of aluminum nitride. Aluminum nitride can be easily contained.
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 望月 陽一郎 愛知県刈谷市小垣江町南藤１番地 東芝セ ラミックス株式会社刈谷製造所内Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoichiro Mochizuki 1 Minamifuji, Ogakie-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Pref. Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd. Kariya Works
Claims (3)
において、１〜４０重量％のホウ化ジルコニウムと１〜
１０重量％の窒化アルミニウムを含有することを特徴と
するジルコニア−黒鉛質の連続鋳造用ノズル。1. A zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle, comprising: 1 to 40% by weight of zirconium boride;
A zirconia-graphite continuous casting nozzle containing 10% by weight of aluminum nitride.
し、窒素雰囲気で焼成することにより窒化アルミニウム
を生成し、１〜１０重量％の窒化アルミニウムを含有す
ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載されたジルコニア−
黒鉛質の連続鋳造用ノズル。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein 1 to 10% by weight of metallic aluminum is added, and the mixture is fired in a nitrogen atmosphere to produce aluminum nitride and contains 1 to 10% by weight of aluminum nitride. Zirconia
Graphite continuous casting nozzle.
し、８００℃以上１２００℃未満の窒素雰囲気で焼成す
ることにより窒化アルミニウムを生成させたことを特徴
とする請求項２に記載されたジルコニア−黒鉛質の連続
鋳造用ノズル。3. The zirconia according to claim 2, wherein aluminum nitride is formed by adding 1 to 10% by weight of metallic aluminum and firing in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ° C. or more and less than 1200 ° C. Graphite continuous casting nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22181196A JP3476312B2 (en) | 1996-08-05 | 1996-08-05 | Nozzle for continuous casting of zirconia-graphite |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22181196A JP3476312B2 (en) | 1996-08-05 | 1996-08-05 | Nozzle for continuous casting of zirconia-graphite |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1043846A true JPH1043846A (en) | 1998-02-17 |
| JP3476312B2 JP3476312B2 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
Family
ID=16772571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22181196A Expired - Lifetime JP3476312B2 (en) | 1996-08-05 | 1996-08-05 | Nozzle for continuous casting of zirconia-graphite |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3476312B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001113345A (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2001-04-24 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | Continuous casting method for steel |
-
1996
- 1996-08-05 JP JP22181196A patent/JP3476312B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001113345A (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2001-04-24 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | Continuous casting method for steel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3476312B2 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
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