JPH10332217A - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent efficiency of a refrigeration cycle from decreasing within a wide range of cooling capacity from the maximum cooling capacity to a partial cooling capacity. SOLUTION: In a refrigerant sprayer 42, an orifice 421A for restricting flow rate of passing refrigerant is formed in a lower part of a partition plate 421 between a refrigerant liquid storage part 422 and a refrigerant liquid outflow part 423 of a refrigerant liquid storage container 420 for storing a supplied refrigerant liquid. In the case wherein cooling capacity is large so that flow rate of the refrigerant liquid supplied from a condenser is high, because the refrigerant liquid is restricted by the orifice 421A, flow rate of the refrigerant liquid supplied to an evaporator is decreased and concentration of absorption liquid in an absorption cycle becomes high, then a large refrigerant capacity can be assured. When cooling capacity is small and rate of flow supplied from the condenser is low, refrigerant vapor can easily be produced by a small quantity of heating due to decrease of concentration of the absorption liquid in the absorption cycle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigeration apparatus having an absorption cycle using an aqueous solution of lithium bromide or the like as an absorption liquid, and particularly to an absorption refrigeration apparatus regardless of the size of a cooling load.
The present invention relates to a structure of a refrigerant flow path in an absorption cycle for ensuring efficient cooling capacity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an absorption refrigeration system, a low-concentration absorbing solution is heated and boiled by a burner in a regenerator to separate a high-concentration absorbing solution from refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant vapor separated by the regenerator is cooled by the condenser to become a refrigerant liquid. The high-concentration absorbent separated by the regenerator is used as an absorption tube (absorption coil) in the absorber.
When the refrigerant liquid is sprayed on the evaporator tube (evaporation coil) in the evaporator provided in communication with the absorber, the refrigerant liquid is vaporized from the cold and hot water passing through the evaporator tube on the evaporator tube surface. It takes away heat and evaporates, while on the surface of the absorption tube,
The high concentration absorbing liquid absorbs the refrigerant vapor and generates heat.

[0003] The cold and hot water whose heat has been removed by the evaporating tube circulates through a heat exchanger provided on the object to be cooled by the operation of the pump and becomes a cooling source in the object to be cooled. Conversely, the cold / hot water whose temperature has increased in the heat exchanger is cooled again in the evaporator tube. On the other hand, the heat generated when the absorbing liquid absorbs the refrigerant vapor on the surface of the absorption pipe moves to the cooling tower provided outside by the cooling water for exhaust heat passing through the absorption pipe by the operation of the pump, and is cooled. Released at the tower. The absorption cycle is configured such that the absorption liquid that has been reduced in concentration by absorbing the refrigerant liquid in the absorber is returned to the regenerator by the absorption liquid pump.

In the absorption refrigeration system having the above structure, the cooling capacity is changed by the heat quantity of the burner for heating the regenerator. When the required cooling capacity is large, the heating quantity in the regenerator is increased. By increasing the temperature difference and the pressure difference between the parts, the amount of refrigerant separated from the absorbing liquid is increased and the amount of circulating absorbing liquid is increased. As a result, the amount of refrigerant liquid evaporated in the evaporator and the amount of refrigerant absorbed by the absorbing liquid in the absorber are promoted, and a large cooling capacity is secured by a large amount of evaporation heat at that time. vice versa,
When the required cooling capacity is small, the amount of heat generated in the regenerator is reduced to reduce the temperature difference and the pressure difference of each part, thereby reducing the amount of generated refrigerant and the amount of circulation of the absorbent. Thereby, the amount of evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator and the amount of absorption of the refrigerant by the absorption liquid in the absorber are reduced, so that the cooling capacity is suppressed.

[0005]

As described above, in the conventional absorption cycle, the amount of heating is changed according to the required cooling capacity. However, the heat exchange capacity of each device in the absorption cycle and the concentration of the absorbing liquid are changed. Are set according to the maximum cooling capacity. For this reason, when operating with the maximum cooling capacity, each part functions sufficiently and the required cooling capacity is secured, but when operating with the partial cooling capacity less than the maximum cooling capacity, the original Then, since the heat exchange area of each part is excessive with respect to the required capacity, the efficiency of the absorption cycle is reduced although the efficiency of the absorption cycle should be improved.

The cause of the occurrence of this problem is as follows. Conventionally, since the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the entire absorption cycle is set to be high enough to appropriately generate the refrigerant vapor with the heating amount given during the operation at the maximum cooling capacity, the operation is performed with the partial cooling capacity. Even if it is, the temperature in the regenerator is the same as when the operation is performed at the maximum cooling capacity, and rises to the temperature at which the absorbing liquid boils. As a result, the pressure inside the regenerator increases, and the pressure difference between the inside of the condenser and the inside of the evaporator increases.Therefore, the circulation amount of the absorbent is excessive with respect to the operation capacity despite the partial cooling capacity. Become. For this reason, much of the heating amount given to the regenerator is necessary for raising the temperature of the absorbing liquid, and the amount of heat used to evaporate the refrigerant is reduced, and the amount of refrigerant vapor generated with respect to the given heating amount Ratio is reduced. Therefore, the amount of the refrigerant liquid obtained in the condenser decreases, and the amount of the refrigerant liquid supplied to the evaporator accordingly decreases, so that the evaporation heat taken from the evaporator coil in the evaporator decreases and the cooling capacity decreases. become,
This has resulted in reduced absorption cycle efficiency.

Therefore, in order to increase the amount of refrigerant generated during the partial cooling capacity, it is necessary to provide a condition for promoting the generation of refrigerant, that is, to lower the concentration of the absorbent as a whole in the absorption cycle. It is. However,
This means that the concentration of the high-concentration absorbing solution itself also decreases, and conversely, at the maximum cooling capacity, the concentration of the high-concentration absorbing solution to be supplied to the absorber does not become sufficiently high. Accordingly, there is a problem that the absorption capacity is reduced and the cooling capacity is reduced.

An object of the present invention is to provide an appropriate cooling capacity in a wide range of cooling capacity from a maximum cooling capacity to a partial cooling capacity without reducing the efficiency of the absorption cycle.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a regenerator for heating an absorbing liquid containing a refrigerant to separate the refrigerant vapor from the absorbing liquid, and regenerating the refrigerant vapor separated by the regenerator. A condenser for cooling and condensing, an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant liquid condensed in the condenser under a low pressure, and an absorber for absorbing the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator into an absorbent supplied from the regenerator And a pump for returning the absorbent from the absorber to the regenerator, the absorption refrigerating apparatus forming an absorption cycle, wherein during the absorption cycle, concentration adjusting means for adjusting the concentration of the absorbent in the regenerator is provided. That is the technical means. According to a second aspect, in the first aspect, the concentration adjusting unit is a refrigerant amount adjusting unit that adjusts an amount of a refrigerant circulating in an absorption cycle in a process of being supplied from the condenser to the evaporator. Means. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the refrigerant amount adjusting means is a technical means for restricting a flow rate of a refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser to the evaporator. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the refrigerant liquid flow rate restricting means is formed at an open type refrigerant liquid storage container for storing the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser, and at a lower portion of the refrigerant liquid storage container. It is a technical means to comprise an orifice.

According to the present invention, when the absorbent containing the refrigerant is heated in the regenerator, the refrigerant vapor is separated from the absorbent, and the refrigerant vapor separated in the regenerator is cooled in the condenser. To condense into a refrigerant liquid. On the other hand, the absorption liquid whose concentration has been increased in the regenerator by separation of the refrigerant is supplied to the absorber. When the absorbing liquid absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the absorber, the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid supplied into the evaporator communicating with the absorber is promoted, and the heat of the evaporation cools the inside of the evaporator, and a cooling source for cooling. Becomes The absorption liquid whose concentration has been reduced by absorbing the refrigerant in the absorber is returned to the regenerator by the absorption liquid pump,
The refrigerant vapor is repeatedly separated, and the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant circulate in the absorption cycle.

In the circulation of the refrigerant in the above absorption cycle, as the concentration of the absorbent in the regenerator becomes lower,
The pressure difference between each part in the absorption cycle is reduced, and the circulation amount of the absorption liquid is reduced. For this reason, the amount of heat (sensible heat) required to raise the temperature of the absorbent to the boiling point in the regenerator is reduced, and most of the heat can be used as the heat (latent heat) for evaporating the refrigerant. In addition, due to the decrease in the concentration, the boiling point is reduced, and the temperature of the container portion itself of the regenerator is reduced.
The amount of heat (heat loss) radiated from the regenerator to the outside is reduced. For these reasons, the refrigerant can be separated with a small heating power.

In the first aspect of the present invention, since the concentration adjusting means for adjusting the concentration of the regenerator is provided, if the concentration of the absorbing solution in the entire absorption cycle is made lower than in the prior art, the regeneration is performed. If the concentration of the absorbent in the vessel is reduced,
Since the refrigerant can be easily evaporated even with a small heating amount, the refrigerant vapor can be reliably generated. Therefore, if the required cooling capacity is large, the concentration of the absorbing liquid is increased, and if the required cooling capacity is small, the concentration is adjusted so as to lower the concentration of the absorbing liquid. When the required cooling capacity is large, a large amount of heating is given to the regenerator, and when the required cooling capacity is small, the amount of heating to the regenerator becomes small. As a result, it is possible to prevent the efficiency of the absorption cycle from decreasing when the cooling capacity is low.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided, as the concentration adjusting means, a refrigerant amount adjusting means for adjusting the amount of the refrigerant circulating in the absorption cycle in the process of being supplied from the condenser to the evaporator. The condenser is a portion in which the refrigerant vapor separated from the absorption liquid in the regenerator is cooled and becomes a refrigerant liquid.For example, the refrigerant liquid generated here is not supplied to the evaporator as it is, but stores a part thereof. If this is done, the amount of refrigerant circulating in the absorption cycle will be adjusted, so that the concentration of the absorbing solution in the absorber can be adjusted, and the concentration of the absorbing solution supplied from the absorber to the regenerator will be reduced. It can be adjusted.

According to the third and fourth aspects, a refrigerant liquid flow rate restricting means for restricting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser to the evaporator is provided as the refrigerant amount adjusting means. by this,
When the amount of the refrigerant liquid generated in the condenser is small, the generated refrigerant liquid is not so much restricted by the refrigerant liquid flow rate restricting means, so that approximately the generated refrigerant liquid is supplied to the evaporator as it is. Therefore, in the absorber, the amount of the refrigerant vapor supplied to the evaporator is absorbed, and the concentration becomes the concentration set in the absorption cycle. Conversely, when the amount of the refrigerant liquid generated in the condenser is large, a large amount of the refrigerant liquid is stagnated by the refrigerant liquid flow rate restricting means, so that the amount of the refrigerant supplied into the absorption cycle decreases. As a result, the concentration of the absorbing solution in the absorption cycle relatively increases. In this way, by restricting the refrigerant liquid generated in the condenser and supplying it to the evaporator, an amount of the refrigerant liquid corresponding to the amount of the generated refrigerant liquid stays in the absorption cycle. The concentration of the liquid can be changed.

[0015]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an air conditioner according to the present invention. The air conditioner includes an outdoor unit 100 as an absorption refrigeration unit and an indoor unit RU.
Is the refrigerator main body 101 and the cooling tower (cooling tower) C
And T. The air conditioner is controlled by the control device 10
2 is controlled.

The refrigerator main body 101 is mainly made of stainless steel and forms an absorption cycle of a refrigerant and an aqueous solution of lithium bromide as an absorbing liquid. The high-temperature regenerator provided with a gas burner B as a heating means below. 1 and a low-effect regenerator 2 arranged so as to cover the outside of the high-temperature regenerator 1, and absorption absorbers arranged outwardly on the outer periphery of the low-temperature regenerator 2 in order. Vessel 3
The evaporator 4 is connected to the condenser 5 disposed above the absorber 3 and the evaporator 4 on the outer periphery of the low-temperature regenerator 2 through several passages. Note that the absorbing solution contains an inhibitor for suppressing corrosion due to the reaction between stainless steel and lithium bromide.

A high-temperature regenerator 1 is provided above a heating tank 11 heated by a gas burner B, above a medium-concentration absorbent separating cylinder 1.
2, a vertical cylindrical airtight refrigerant recovery tank 10 is provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the medium-concentration absorbing liquid separation tube 12 from above.

On the lower side of the middle concentration liquid separating cylinder 12,
An absorbent partitioning vessel 13 arranged at a distance from the inner wall of the medium-concentration absorbent separation tube 12 is provided with several upper edge portions joined to the inside of the medium-concentration absorbent separation tube 12,
Between the medium-concentration absorbing liquid separating cylinder 12 and the absorbing liquid partitioning vessel 13, an absorbing liquid rising flow path 14 in which the absorbing liquid heated in the heating tank 11 rises is formed.

Absorbent liquid returning plate 15 for returning the absorbing liquid rising in absorbing liquid ascending flow path 14 is provided in medium concentration absorbing liquid separating cylinder 12 above absorbing liquid partitioning vessel 13.
The above-mentioned medium-concentration absorbent separation cylinder 12 is provided with the absorbent return plate 1.
The upper and lower members 5 and 5 are joined by welding to the absorbing liquid return plate 15.

At the side of the absorbing liquid partitioning vessel 13, the medium-concentration absorbing liquid from which the refrigerant has been separated and made highly concentrated is supplied to the low-temperature regenerator 2.
An inlet of the medium-concentration absorbent flow path L1 for supplying to the evaporator 4 is provided at the bottom of the absorbent-liquid partition container 13 for supplying the heated absorbent to the evaporator 4 during the heating operation. The inlet of the heating absorbent flow path L4 is open.

Inside the lower part of the refrigerant recovery tank 10, a refrigerant partitioning cylinder 17 for forming a heat insulating gap 17 a between itself and the intermediate-concentration absorbing liquid separation cylinder 12 is provided.
Is joined to. Thereby, the medium concentration absorbing liquid separating cylinder 1
2 is shut off, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant recovery tank 10
It is no longer heated by the high-temperature absorbing liquid in the absorbing liquid rising flow path 14. The inside of the refrigerant recovery tank 10 outside the refrigerant partition tube 17 is a refrigerant storage part 10a for storing the separated refrigerant, and the refrigerant storage part 10a has an inlet of a refrigerant flow path L5 communicating with the condenser 5. It is open.

With the above configuration, in the high-temperature regenerator 1, the low-concentration absorbing liquid contained in the heating tank 11 is heated by the gas burner B, and water as the refrigerant in the low-concentration absorbing liquid is evaporated to form the refrigerant. Separated as vapor (steam) to the outside of the medium-concentration absorption liquid separation tube 12, and the medium-concentration absorption liquid concentrated by evaporation of the refrigerant vapor is returned into the absorption liquid partitioning container 13 inside the medium-concentration absorption liquid separation tube 12, Medium concentration absorbent flow path L
1 supplies it to the low-temperature regenerator 2. Further, the separated refrigerant vapor is recovered in the refrigerant recovery tank 10 and supplied to the condenser 5 through the refrigerant flow path L5.

The low-temperature regenerator 2 is a vertical cylindrical low-temperature regenerator case 2 installed eccentrically on the outer periphery of the refrigerant recovery tank 10.
0, a refrigerant vapor outlet 21 is provided around the ceiling of the low-temperature regenerator case 20. Low temperature regenerator case 20
The top of the ceiling is connected to the inside of the absorption liquid partitioning vessel 13 in the medium concentration absorption liquid separation tube 12 via the heat exchanger H by the medium concentration absorption liquid flow path L1.

An orifice (not shown) for restricting the flow rate of the medium-concentration absorbing liquid flowing from the absorbing liquid partitioning vessel 13 to the low-temperature regenerator 2 is provided in the medium-concentration absorbing liquid flow path L1. The medium-concentration absorbing liquid is supplied into the container case 20 by a pressure difference from the medium-concentration absorbing liquid separating cylinder 12.
(Approximately 70 mmHg in the low-temperature regenerator case 20 and approximately 700 mmHg in the medium-concentration absorbent separation tube 12)

Thus, the low-temperature regenerator 2 reheats the medium-concentration absorbing liquid supplied into the low-temperature regenerator case 20 using the outer wall of the refrigerant recovery tank 10 as a heat source, and the medium-concentration absorbing liquid is supplied to the low-temperature regenerator case. The refrigerant vapor and the high-concentration absorption liquid are separated by the gas-liquid separation section 22 above the high-concentration absorption liquid 20, and the high-concentration absorption liquid is stored in the high-concentration absorption liquid receiving section 23. At the bottom of the high-concentration absorbent receiving section 23, an inlet of a high-concentration absorbent flow path L2 communicating with the absorber 3 is opened.

On the outer periphery of the low-temperature regenerator case 20, a vertical cylindrical airtight evaporating / absorbing case 30 is concentrically arranged on the lower part, and a condenser case 50 is concentrically arranged on the upper part. , The low-temperature regenerator case 20 and the evaporating / absorbing case 30 are integrally welded to the bottom plate 18, and the inner end of the bottom plate 18 is welded to the outer peripheral surface of the lower member 12 b of the medium-concentration absorbent separation cylinder 12. Thus, the refrigerator main body 101 is formed. The inside of the low-temperature regenerator case 20 communicates with the inside of the condenser case 50 via the refrigerant vapor outlet 21 and the gap 5A.

The absorber 3 is an absorption pipe in which a copper tube is wound in a vertical cylindrical shape between an inner portion in the evaporation / absorption case 30 and the low-temperature regenerator case 20, and cooling water for exhaust heat flows inside. An absorption coil 31 wound in a coil shape is disposed, and a high-concentration absorbing solution is supplied above the absorption coil 31.
A high-concentration absorbing liquid spraying device 32 for spraying the liquid is disposed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the high-concentration absorbing liquid spraying device 32 includes a high-concentration absorbing liquid passage L2 connected to the high-concentration absorbing liquid receiving portion 23 of the low-temperature regenerator 2 via a heat exchanger H. Liquid cooling container 32a, which cools by receiving and storing the high-concentration absorbing liquid supplied through
In order to evenly distribute and drip the absorbent collected in the above on each circumference of the inner and outer doubly wound absorbing coils 31, two absorbent liquid dispersing tubes 32b formed doubly are used. Be composed.

With the above configuration, in the absorber 3, the high-concentration absorbent in the high-concentration absorbent receiving section 23 of the low-temperature regenerator 2 flows in from the high-concentration absorbent flow path L2 due to the pressure difference, and the high-concentration absorbent that has flowed in. The liquid is sprayed on the upper end of the absorbing coil 31 by the high-concentration absorbing liquid spraying tool 32, adheres to the surface of the absorbing coil 31 to form a thin film, flows downward by the action of gravity, absorbs water vapor, and absorbs water vapor. It becomes an absorbing liquid. When absorbing the water vapor, heat is generated on the surface of the absorption coil 31.
1 is cooled by the cooling water for exhaust heat circulating in 1. The water vapor absorbed by the absorbing liquid is generated as refrigerant vapor in the evaporator 4 described later.

The bottom 33 of the absorber 3 is connected to the bottom of the heating tank 11 by a low-concentration absorbent flow path L3 to which a heat exchanger H and an absorbent pump P1 are mounted. The low-concentration absorbing liquid in the absorber 3 is supplied into the heating tank 11. In addition, the cooling water for exhaust heat cooled by the cooling tower CT circulates in the absorption coil 31 during the cooling operation.

The evaporator 4 is provided on the outer periphery of a vertical cylindrical partition plate 40 provided with a number of communication ports (not shown) provided on the outer periphery of the absorption coil 31 in the evaporator / absorber case 30, and the inside for cooling and heating. A vertical cylindrical evaporating coil 41 made of a copper tube through which cold and hot water flows is provided, and a refrigerant liquid sprayer 42 is attached above the evaporating coil 41. The refrigerant liquid dispersing device 42 is for dispersing the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser 5 described later and dropping it on the evaporating coil 41. As shown in FIG.
Liquid storage container 420 for receiving and storing the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser 5 through the condenser 5 and two substantially annular refrigerant liquid distribution pipes 4
20a and 420b.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the refrigerant liquid storage container 420 is an arc-shaped open container whose upper part is open, and internally divides the refrigerant liquid storage container 420 into two parts. A partition plate 421 is provided, and the larger side of the two divided by the partition plate 421 is a refrigerant liquid storage container 42.
A refrigerant liquid storage section 422 for storing the refrigerant liquid occupying most of 0 and supplied from the refrigerant flow path L6 is provided, and the smaller side is a refrigerant liquid outflow section 423.

The refrigerant liquid storage part 422 and the refrigerant liquid outflow part 423
6 is provided on a partition plate 421 provided for partitioning
As shown in the figure, the refrigerant liquid outflow section 4
An orifice 421A, which is a small opening for restricting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid moving to 23, is formed. The orifice 421A serves as a refrigerant liquid outlet 4 when a large amount of refrigerant liquid exceeding the height of the orifice 421A is supplied.
A refrigerant flow restricting unit and a refrigerant amount adjusting unit provided for restricting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid supplied to the storage unit 23 and storing the refrigerant liquid.

The orifice 421A has a refrigerant flow rate L6
When the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid supplied from the large is, it becomes a flow path resistance and restricts the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid, and when the flow rate of the supplied refrigerant liquid is small, the flow resistance does not become the flow path resistance and almost Is set to a diameter (for example, a diameter of 3.4 mm) so as to be able to move to the refrigerant liquid outlet 423.

The V-shaped cutout groove 421B on the upper part of the partition plate 421 is supplied from the condenser 5 to the refrigerant liquid storage section 422 when the refrigerant has been stored in the refrigerant liquid storage section 422 by a predetermined amount. This is for allowing the refrigerant liquid to flow out to the refrigerant liquid outflow portion 423 so as not to overflow.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, at the bottom of the refrigerant liquid outlet 423, a refrigerant liquid distribution pipe 420 disposed below is provided.
a and 420b, respectively, two distribution inlet tubes 42
4a and 424b are provided. The inflow port of one distribution inlet pipe 424a communicating with the outer refrigerant liquid distribution pipe 420a is formed directly below the bottom of the refrigerant liquid storage container 420, while the inner refrigerant liquid distribution pipe 420b
One distribution inlet pipe 424b that communicates with the refrigerant liquid storage container 420 projects inward from the bottom of the container 420,
The refrigerant liquid storage container 420 has an inflow opening that is opened obliquely in the middle of the inside. The height difference between the distribution inlet pipes 424a and 424b provides the refrigerant liquid outlet 4
When the amount of the refrigerant liquid supplied into the refrigerant liquid 23 is small, the refrigerant liquid is sprayed only from the outer refrigerant liquid distribution pipe 420a to the evaporating coil, and the amount of the refrigerant liquid supplied into the refrigerant liquid outlet 423 is large. In this case, two refrigerant liquid distribution pipes 420a, 42a
The refrigerant liquid is sprayed from 0b.

Two refrigerant liquid distribution pipes 420a, 420b
Is a single-wound coil shape having a height difference at both ends, and is arranged in two layers inside and outside. The above-mentioned distribution inlet pipes 424a and 424b are slightly lower than the middle part of each pipe 420a and 420b. Connected by Refrigerant liquid discharge holes 425 are formed in each of the refrigerant liquid distribution pipes 420a and 420b so as to be distributed upward in each of the annular portions.
Liquid guide fittings 426 each having a groove for guiding the refrigerant liquid discharged upward to drip and drop are fitted in the positions where the respective refrigerant liquid discharge holes 425 are formed.

The refrigerant liquid distribution pipes 420a, 420b
As shown in FIG. 5, each of the refrigerant discharge holes 42 has a height difference at both ends, and the lower portion has a higher refrigerant liquid pressure.
In order to make the amount of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the nozzle 5 uniform, the diameter is set to be smaller at the lower part and larger at the upper part, corresponding to the upper and lower positions of the part where the respective refrigerant discharge holes 425 are formed. . Thereby, each refrigerant discharge hole 425
Without being affected by the refrigerant pressure at the formation of
The discharge amount can be made uniform.

With the above configuration, in the evaporator 4, when the refrigerant liquid (water) is caused to flow down from the refrigerant liquid dispersing tool 42 onto the evaporation coil 41 during the cooling operation, the flowing refrigerant liquid is evaporated by the surface tension. 41 is wetted on the surface to form a film.
In the evaporating / absorbing case 30 of Hg), the evaporating heat is taken from the evaporating coil 41 to evaporate, and the air-conditioning cold / hot water flowing in the evaporating coil 41 is cooled. The bottom 43 of the evaporator 4 is in communication with the bottom of the absorbent partitioning vessel 13 in the medium-concentration absorbent separation cylinder 12 through a heating absorbent flow path L4 having an electromagnetic cooling / heating switching valve 6.

Next, the condenser 5 will be described. The condenser 5 is
A cooling coil 51 in which cooling water for exhaust heat cooled by the cooling tower CT circulates is provided inside the condenser case 50. As shown in FIG. 2, the condenser case 50 closes an opening above the evaporating / absorbing case 30 and forms a bottom plate of the condenser case 50, and forms a condenser chamber covering the boundary plate 52. And a condenser cover plate 53.

Between the cooling coil 51 and the boundary plate 52,
A refrigerant liquid receiving portion 50a for receiving a refrigerant liquid in which the refrigerant vapor cooled by the cooling coil 51 is liquefied in the condenser case 50 is provided, and the refrigerant liquid receiving portion 50a is provided below the boundary plate 52 with an absorber. 3 and a coolant cooler 54 provided for cooling the coolant to be sprayed to the high-concentration absorbent sprayer 32 and the evaporator coil 41 of the evaporator 4 to form a boundary plate assembly. .

The condenser cover plate 53 has a cooling coil 51 provided therein as a coil support fitting 51a, and an eliminator 55 composed of a number of members including a part of the medium-concentration absorbent flow path L1 previously assembled. A condenser assembly is formed. Further, between the condenser 5 and the refrigerant cooler 54 in the evaporator 4, a refrigerant liquid for directly communicating the inside of the condenser case 50 and the refrigerant cooler 54 without passing through the refrigerant liquid receiving portion 50a. A flow path L7 is provided, and the refrigerant liquid flow path L7 is provided with an electromagnetic refrigerant valve 7 that is closed at the time of normal operation and opened at the end of operation or at the start of operation. still,
Both ends of the cooling coil 51 are arranged adjacent to the outer peripheral portion of the condenser cover plate 53 as an inflow portion and an outflow portion to the condenser 5, respectively.

The condenser 5 having the above structure is provided with a refrigerant reservoir 1 of a refrigerant recovery tank 10 through a refrigerant flow path L5 provided with an orifice (not shown) for restricting the flow rate of the refrigerant.
0a, and also communicates with the low-temperature regenerator 2 through the refrigerant vapor outlet 21 and the gap 5A, and the refrigerant is supplied by a pressure difference (about 70 mmHg in the condenser case).

In the condenser 5, the refrigerant vapor supplied into the condenser case 50 is cooled by the cooling coil 51 and liquefied. Refrigerant liquid receiving part 50 provided at the lower part of condenser 5
a and the refrigerant liquid dispersing device 42 disposed above the evaporating coil 41 of the evaporator 4 are communicated with each other through a refrigerant liquid supply path L6.
The liquefied refrigerant liquid is supplied to the refrigerant liquid supply passage L6 and the refrigerant cooler 5
4, and is supplied to the refrigerant liquid dispersing tool 42.

With the above structure, the absorbent is supplied to the high-temperature regenerator 1 → the medium-concentration absorbent flow path L1 → the low-temperature regenerator 2 → the high-concentration absorbent liquid flow path L2 → the high-concentration absorbent liquid sprayer 32 → the absorber 3 → It circulates in the order of the absorbent pump P 1 → the low concentration absorbent flow path L 3 → the high temperature regenerator 1. The refrigerant is a high-temperature regenerator 1 (refrigerant vapor) → refrigerant flow path L5 (refrigerant vapor) or a low-temperature regenerator 2 (refrigerant vapor) → condenser 5 (refrigerant liquid) → refrigerant supply path L6 (refrigerant liquid) → refrigerant It circulates in the order of the liquid sprayer 42 (refrigerant liquid) → evaporator 4 (refrigerant vapor) → absorber 3 (absorbing liquid) → absorbing liquid pump P 1 → low-concentration absorbing liquid flow path L 3 → high temperature regenerator 1.

The above-described absorption coil 31 of the absorber 3 that exchanges heat with the absorption liquid and the cooling coil 51 of the condenser 5 are connected to form a continuous coil. The cooling water circulation path is formed by being connected to the CT. In this cooling water circuit, the absorption coil 3
A cooling water pump P2 for sending cooling water into the continuous coil is provided in a cooling water flow path 34 between the inlet of the cooling tower CT and the cooling tower CT.
The cooling water which passes through the continuous coil by the operation of the cooling water pump P2 absorbs the heat of absorption by the absorption coil 31 and the heat of condensation by the cooling coil 51, and becomes relatively high in temperature. Supplied to CT.

With the above configuration, during the cooling operation, the cooling water in the cooling tower CT is operated in the order of the cooling tower CT → the cooling water pump P2 → the absorbing coil 31 → the cooling coil 51 → the cooling tower CT by the operation of the cooling water pump P2. Circulate. In the cooling tower CT, self-cooling is performed in which the falling cooling water is partially evaporated into the atmosphere to cool the remaining cooling water.
An exhaust heat cycle is formed in which the heat is released into the atmosphere to lower the temperature. Note that the air from the blower S promotes the evaporation of water.

The indoor unit R is provided in the evaporator coil 41 of the evaporator 4.
The air-conditioning heat exchanger 44 provided in U is connected by a cold / hot water flow path 47, and the cold / hot water pump P3
Is provided. With the above configuration, the evaporating coil 41
The low temperature hot and cold water circulates in the order of the evaporating coil 41 → the cold and hot water channel 47 → the air conditioning heat exchanger 44 → the cold and hot water channel 47 → the cold and hot water pump P3 → the evaporating coil 41.

The indoor unit RU is provided with an air-conditioning heat exchanger 44 and a blower 46 for allowing the room air to pass through the heat exchanger 44 and blowing the indoor air again.

The heating absorbent flow path L4 and the cooling / heating switching valve 6 are provided for heating operation. During the heating operation, the cooling / heating switching valve 6 is opened to operate the absorbing liquid pump P1. As a result, the high-temperature medium-concentration absorbing liquid in the absorbing liquid partitioning vessel 13 in the medium-concentration absorbing liquid separating cylinder 12 flows into the evaporator 4, and the cold and hot water in the evaporating coil 41 is heated, and the heated evaporation The cold and hot water in the coil 41 is supplied from the cold and hot water channel 47 to the air conditioning heat exchanger 44 by the operation of the cold and hot water pump P3, and serves as a heat source for heating. The medium-concentration absorbing liquid in the evaporator 4 enters the absorber 3 through the communication port of the partition plate 40, passes through the low-concentration absorbing liquid flow path L3, and passes through the absorbing liquid pump P1.
To return to the heating tank 11.

In the absorption refrigeration system having the above structure, the absorption liquid pump P1 and the cold / hot water pump P3 constitute a tandem pump driven simultaneously by the same motor, and the absorption liquid pump P1 and the cold / hot water pump P3 Always rotates at the same speed. In the cooling operation, the control device 102 that controls the absorption refrigeration apparatus controls the temperature of a cold / hot water temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the temperature of the cold / hot water supplied to the indoor unit RU to be 7 ° C. 1500kc
Adjust the input of gas burner B between al / h and 4800 kcal / h. In addition, as a control of the absorbing liquid pump P1, when the absorbing liquid temperature is low in accordance with the detection temperature of the absorbing liquid temperature sensor (not shown) provided for detecting the absorbing liquid temperature in the heating tank 11, The number of revolutions is proportionally controlled so that the number of revolutions is lower and the number of revolutions is higher as the temperature of the absorbent is higher.

By performing the above control, when the cooling load is large, the absorption liquid pump P1 and the chilled / hot water pump P3 are driven at a high rotation speed, and in each of the regenerators 1 and 2 in the absorption cycle. A large amount of refrigerant is separated and becomes a large amount of refrigerant liquid in the condenser 5 to form a refrigerant liquid sprayer 42.
Supplied to Along with this, a large amount of the absorbing liquid having a high concentration is supplied to the absorber 3. Thereby, a large amount of the refrigerant liquid supplied to the refrigerant liquid storage container 420 of the refrigerant liquid sprayer 42 is stored in the refrigerant liquid storage part 422 because the flow rate is restricted by the orifice 421A of the partition plate 421,
Only the flow rate that can pass through the orifice 421A flows out to the refrigerant liquid outlet 423, and the refrigerant liquid distribution pipes 420a, 420
By b, it flows down to the evaporation coil 41 of the evaporator 4.
The flow rate passing through the orifice 421A increases due to an increase in the water head pressure accompanying an increase in the liquid level in the refrigerant liquid storage section 422. As a result, in the absorption cycle, a large amount of the refrigerant liquid out of the absorption liquid containing the refrigerant is stored in the refrigerant liquid storage section 422 of the refrigerant liquid storage container 420, and the stored refrigerant liquid is stored in the absorption cycle. , The concentration of the entire absorption liquid in the absorption cycle increases.

As described above, when the cooling capacity of the absorption cycle is increased, it is premised that a large amount of refrigerant liquid is stored and the concentration of the absorption liquid in the absorption cycle becomes high, so that the absorption liquid in the entire absorption cycle is increased. By preliminarily reducing the concentration, the concentration of the absorbing solution can be maintained at an appropriately high concentration even during the cooling operation when the cooling load is large.

Conversely, when the cooling load is small, the absorption liquid pump P1 and the cold / hot water pump P3 are driven at a low rotation speed, and the amount of refrigerant separated in each regenerator 1, 2 in the absorption cycle. And the amount of the refrigerant liquid supplied to the refrigerant liquid dispersing tool 42 as the refrigerant liquid in the condenser 5 decreases. In addition, the amount of the absorbing liquid supplied to the absorber 3 with a high concentration also decreases. Accordingly, since the amount of the refrigerant liquid supplied to the refrigerant liquid storage container 420 of the refrigerant liquid sprayer 42 is small, the flow rate is not limited by the orifice 421A of the partition plate 421, and the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied from the condenser 5 remains unchanged. Each refrigerant liquid distribution pipe 42 flows out to the liquid
Oa and 420b flow down to the evaporator coil 41 of the evaporator 4.

As a result, in the absorption cycle, since the orifice 421A does not generate the refrigerant liquid remaining in the refrigerant liquid storage section 422, the amount of the refrigerant in the absorption cycle becomes larger than the capacity, and the amount of the refrigerant in the absorption cycle becomes larger. Concentration becomes lower. As described above, when the cooling capacity of the absorption cycle decreases and the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the absorption cycle decreases, as the concentration of the absorbing liquid decreases, the pressure difference between the components in the absorption cycle decreases, and the absorbing liquid decreases. Circulation amount decreases. For this reason, the amount of heat (sensible heat) required to raise the absorption liquid to the boiling point in the high-temperature regenerator 1 is reduced, and a large amount of heat can be used as heat (latent heat) for evaporating the refrigerant. In addition, since the temperature of the container portion itself of the high-temperature regenerator 1 decreases as the boiling point decreases due to the decrease in the concentration, it is not used for heating the absorbent, and each regenerator 1,
The amount of heat (heat loss) that dissipates heat from 2 to the outside is reduced. For these reasons, the efficiency of the absorption cycle does not decrease.

As described above, according to the present invention, in the refrigerant liquid storage container 420 of the refrigerant liquid sprayer 42 of the flow path for supplying the refrigerant liquid from the condenser 5 to the evaporator 4, the refrigerant receiving the supplied refrigerant liquid is provided. Liquid storage section 422 and refrigerant liquid dispersion pipe 420
a, a refrigerant liquid outflow portion 423 for causing the refrigerant liquid to flow out to 420b
An orifice 421A for restricting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid moving from the refrigerant liquid storage section 422 to the refrigerant liquid outlet section 423 is provided below the partition plate 421 that separates the refrigerant liquid from the condenser 5. In this case, the refrigerant liquid is stored in the refrigerant liquid storage section 422, and the concentration of the absorption liquid in the absorption cycle is adjusted according to the magnitude of the cooling load. When the circulating amount is large, the concentration of the absorbing solution can be increased, and when the heating amount is small and the circulating amount of the absorbing solution is small, the concentration of the absorbing solution can be reduced. Thereby, regardless of the size of the cooling load, the amount of the refrigerant according to the cooling load can be separated from the absorbing liquid in the regenerator. As a result, when the cooling load is large, as in the conventional case, a sufficient cooling capacity is secured, and even when the cooling load is small, the absorption liquid having a low concentration is boiled even with a small heating amount to separate the refrigerant. Therefore, the shortage of the refrigerant does not occur, and the efficiency of the absorption cycle is not reduced.

In the above embodiment, the orifice 421A is formed in the partition plate 421 between the refrigerant liquid storage part 422 and the refrigerant liquid outlet part 423 in the refrigerant storage container 420.
An orifice 421A may be formed at the bottom of the refrigerant liquid storage 422 as long as the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid flowing out of the refrigerant liquid storage 422 can be restricted. In that case, the refrigerant liquid outflow portion 423 is located below the refrigerant liquid storage portion 422. Instead of limiting the flow rate by the orifice to determine the refrigerant storage head, a mechanism may be provided for adjusting the flow rate flowing out at a constant flow rate.

The height of the partition plate 421 between the refrigerant liquid storage part 422 and the refrigerant liquid outlet part 423 is made variable, and the height is changed in proportion to the rotation speed of the absorption liquid pump. By doing so, the amount of the refrigerant liquid stored in the refrigerant liquid storage section 422 may be adjusted. Or,
The height of the partition plate 421 between the refrigerant liquid storage part 422 and the refrigerant liquid outflow part 423 is set lower than the height around the refrigerant storage container 420, and the entire refrigerant storage container 420 is moved from the refrigerant liquid storage part 422 to the refrigerant liquid storage part 422. It is provided so as to be able to be inclinedly driven toward the liquid outflow portion 423, and by changing the inclination in proportion to the rotation speed of the absorption liquid pump, the substantial capacity of the refrigerant liquid storage portion 422 is adjusted. ,
The amount of the refrigerant liquid stored in the refrigerant liquid storage section 422 may be adjusted.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the sealed refrigerant liquid storage container 420 is connected to the condenser case 50.
A suction pipe 430 for communicating the refrigerant liquid storage container 420 with the inside of the evaporation / absorption case 30 is provided above the refrigerant liquid storage container 420 while communicating with the inside of the condenser 5 at the bottom of the container.
In accordance with the pressure difference between the pressure in the condenser case 50 and the pressure in the evaporating / absorbing case 30, the amount of the stored refrigerant is adjusted by sucking the refrigerant liquid in the condenser case 50 into the refrigerant liquid storage container 420. is there. In this embodiment, for example, when operating at a high capacity, the pressure in the condenser case 50 is 5
Condenser case 5 when operated at 0 mmHg, small capacity
The pressure in the evaporating / absorbing case 30 is always 6.5 while the pressure in the case 0 is 30 mmHg, which varies depending on the capacity.
Since the pressure is mmHg, a pressure difference according to the capacity can be obtained. An orifice 431 is provided in the suction pipe 430 for restricting communication between the inside of the evaporation / absorption case 30 and the inside of the condenser case 50, and adjusts the suction capacity.

In the above embodiment, the cooling / heating switching valve 6 is opened during the heating operation and closed during the cooling operation.
After performing the cooling operation, after performing the dilution operation,
The valve may be opened during the dilution operation. In each of the above embodiments, the cooling tower CT of the cooling water channel 34 is an open type in which a part of the cooling water is evaporated and the cooling water is self-cooled.
The cooling water that circulates through the cooling water flow path 34 may be a water cooling device that forms a closed circuit that is not open to the atmosphere. In the above embodiment, only the air conditioner heat exchanger 44 is provided in the indoor unit RU. However, in order to perform the dehumidifying operation without lowering the room temperature, the air once cooled by the air conditioner heat exchanger 44 is heated. The heating heat exchanger may be provided in parallel with the air conditioning heat exchanger 44. Although the air conditioner using the absorption refrigeration apparatus has been described in the above embodiment, the air conditioning apparatus may be used for other refrigeration apparatuses such as a refrigerator and a freezer. In the above embodiment, the double-effect type has been described, but a single-effect type may be used. Also, as the heating source,
An oil burner or an electric heater may be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a refrigerator main body showing a combination part with a condenser and an evaporator in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a refrigerator main body showing a combination part of a refrigerant liquid dispersing tool and an evaporating coil of an evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the coolant sprayer according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the coolant sprayer according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a refrigerator main body in a part combined with a condenser and an evaporator to show another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

101 Refrigerator body (absorption refrigeration apparatus) 1 High temperature regenerator 2 Low temperature regenerator 3 Absorber 4 Evaporator 420 Refrigerant liquid storage container (Concentration adjusting means) 421A Orifice (Refrigerant liquid flow rate adjusting means, Refrigerant liquid flow rate limiting means) 422 Refrigerant liquid storage part (open type refrigerant liquid storage container) 5 Condenser P1 Absorbent liquid pump

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A regenerator that heats an absorbent containing a refrigerant to separate refrigerant vapor from the absorbent, a condenser that cools and condenses the refrigerant vapor separated by the regenerator, An evaporator that evaporates the condensed refrigerant liquid under a low pressure; an absorber that absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated by the evaporator into an absorption liquid supplied from the regenerator; and an absorption liquid from the absorber to the regenerator. An absorption refrigerating apparatus in which an absorption cycle is formed from a return pump and a concentration adjusting means for adjusting the concentration of the absorbent in the regenerator during the absorption cycle. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration adjusting unit is a refrigerant amount adjusting unit that adjusts an amount of a refrigerant circulating in an absorption cycle in a process of being supplied from the condenser to the evaporator. Absorption refrigeration equipment. 3. The absorption refrigeration system according to claim 2, wherein said refrigerant amount adjusting means is a refrigerant liquid flow rate restricting means for restricting a flow rate of a refrigerant liquid supplied from said condenser to said evaporator. apparatus. 4. The refrigerant liquid flow rate limiting means comprises an open-type refrigerant liquid storage container for storing the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser, and an orifice formed at a lower portion of the refrigerant liquid storage container. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: