JPH10330183A - Initiator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain an initiator stable at higher temperatures and capable of working being activated at lower temperatures to higher temperatures with an extraordinarily high reliability, by removing any initiating substance such as azide and styphnate and by containing an oxide and fuel in combination with a sensitizer. CONSTITUTION: The composition for this initiator comprises (A) 40-42 wt.% of basic lead styphnate, (B) 20-22 wt.% of lead azide, (C) 15-20 wt.% of antimony sulfide, (D) 15-20 wt.% of barium nitride and (E) 1-3 wt.% of carborundum, and 15-20 g of this composition as the initiating explosive is consolidated under the pressure of 70-100 k p.s.i. Glass powder or pure quartz sand may be substituted for the carborundum. The initiator composition for a booster is assembled into a detonator/a booster which can bear aging at temperatures ranging from -40 deg.C to 100 deg.C, and has the reliability of 99.99% at the reliability level of 95% and the sensitivity of 2-3 inch.ounce.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention is stable at high temperatures up to 100.degree.
The present invention relates to a method of producing a priming agent which fires, has an impact sensitivity of 1.0 inch ounce or less and has a high degree of reliability.

More specifically, the present invention operates extremely reliably from temperatures as low as -140.degree. C. to temperatures as high as 100.degree. C. or more, and operates equally well with changes in ambient temperature. The total ignition sensitivity to impact in the above temperature range is 1.0 inch ounce or less;
Development of initiators.

[0003]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The pyrotechnic industry uses various explosives. Basically, these devices consist of an explosive component that is detonated by a stub (friction) or impact, an intermediate explosive composition that is detonated by the detonating composition, and an actuation that detonates another explosive device in the firing train. And a secondary drug such as RDX or HMX to provide the desired output required to complete the vehicle. One common low input energy detonator is the M55 detonator, which is widely used in weapons for anti-personnel and anti-vehicle ammunition devices. The composition of these primers is as follows: (a) basic lead styphnate, dextrinized lead azide (dextrinated lead azide)
e) an explosive composition comprising antimony sulfide, barium nitrate, and tetracene; (b) an intermediate explosive consisting of RD1333 lead azide; and (c) RDX as a secondary medicine.

[0004] These initiators explode due to the stub action of the firing pin and have a reliability of 9% at a reliability level of 95%.
It exhibits a sensitivity of about 0.80 inch ounce at 9.99%.
In this detonator, basic lead styphnate and dextrinized / azide azide play the role of primary explosive. Barium nitrate serves to supply oxygen to the device, and antimony sulfide has a high melting point and thus serves as a fuel cumulative work sensitizer. However, it is Tetracene that plays a unique and important role. Tetracene forms device operation with an input sensitivity or energy of less than one inch ounce.

[0005] Tetracene is an excellent sensitizer and is one of the best products developed by explosives researchers, but its inherent weakness is that it is difficult to detonate at temperatures above 85 ° C. With heat aging above 85 ° C., tetracene begins to decompose and leaks from the priming. Sensitivity begins to drop at 95 ° C., and after 100 hours, the required impact energy has increased by at least a factor of three.

A high firing speed (high cyclic f)
There are a number of uses for detonators that operate reliably at temperatures of 100 ° C. or higher, such as irrigation cannons, but for civilian applications, to protect occupants in vehicles in the event of a collision in a motor vehicle. There is a car crash airbag. In a self-contained airbag module with mechanical sensors, a priming charge is used to ignite the propulsion device, which generates gas to inflate the airbag. According to automotive industry standards, air bag devices operate reliably at high temperatures of 100 ° C, while at the same time at -40 ° C.
Also requires reliable operation.
The standard also requires a high degree of reliability and long shelf life.

To satisfy the foregoing, the operating parameters expected of a detonator are summarized together with similar requirements.
It looks like this: (I) The composition used for the priming must be easy to manufacture and loadable on automatic industrial machines for the production of priming. (II) Explosives must be safe to handle. ,
Particularly in devices using lead styphnate, security against static electricity is an important safety factor. (III) The detonator must be sufficiently stable at a high temperature of 100 ° C and operate reliably at a low temperature of -40 ° C. (IV) For devices that utilize stub action energy to explode the device, the total firing energy required to explode the device must be 1 inch ounce or less. The same is true of the total firing energy required for a primer using tetracene as a sensitizer. Here, the value of the total firing sensitivity is statistically 99.99 for the entire system.
% And a reliability level of 95%.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide:
It is an object of the present invention to provide an assembling condition and manufacturing method for a primer / explosive detonator having high sensitivity and high reliability to a stub action.

Another object is to remove both tetracene, which has the inherent limitation of decomposing at temperatures above 85 ° C., and to improve the impact sensitivity and temperature aging by adding sand, glass powder, Another object is to provide a method using a mechanical sensitizer such as carborundum.

Yet another object is to provide a method of the above form by co-precipitating a mechanical sensitizer with an explosive to improve homogeneity and sensitivity.

Yet another object is to provide a composition using a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium chloride as a sensitizer.

Yet another object is to achieve a high sensitivity, high reliability and temperature aging properties without using initiators such as azides and styphnates, mechanical sensitizers and chemical sensitizers. It is to provide a composition that uses an oxidizing agent and a fuel such as potassium chloride and antimony sulfide in combination with a sensitizer.

[0013] It is another important object to provide a priming of the above type which withstands extreme temperatures using high energy fuels such as selenium and titanium.

Yet another important objective is a 95% confidence level.
The present invention provides a method for producing a highly reliable initiator having a reliability of 90% to 99.99% at a temperature of from -40 ° C to 200 ° C and a temperature cycle of 95 ° C to -40 ° C.
It is to provide a primer having a temperature aging characteristic capable of withstanding 5% humidity and a sensitivity of 0.8 inch ounce to 3.0 inch ounce.

[0015] The above operating parameters exclude tetracene with an intrinsic constraint that decomposes at temperatures above 85 ° C,
This can be achieved by substituting mechanical sensitizers or developing entirely different composition constructions that use components that are extremely stable at the temperature for which the device is designed.

[0016]

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the following examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Composition of the Explosive Ignition Charge Basic lead styphnate-40 to 42% 15 to 25 mg Lead azide-20 to 22%, antimony sulfide-15 to 20% 70 to 100 Kpsi Barium nitride Compacting at 15-20%. Carborundum-1-3%

The intermediate charge and the charge may be from standard intermediate lead azide and a charge such as PETN, RDX or HMX.
It may vary to low power charges such as basic lead styphnate, barium nitride and antimony sulfide or titanium-potassium perchlorate or potassium-zirconium perchlorate.

When a primer of the above composition is detonated with a standard firing rod, it withstands aging at 100 ° C. and has a sensitivity of 2-3 inches-ounce with a reliability of 99% at a reliability level of 95%.

Example 2 Same as Example 1, except that carborundum was replaced with glass powder.
Alternatively, pure silica sand-like Ottawa sand is used, and has the same sieve particle size distribution as the carborundum of Example 1, and has a desired output charge. When the weight of the charge and the consolidation pressure are the same as those in Example 1, the reliability is 2% at 90% reliability at a reliability level of 95%.
A sensitivity of 3 inches ounce is obtained.

Example 3 When a mechanical sensitizer such as carborundum, sand and glass powder is mixed, the reliability can be remarkably improved, and therefore, the co-precipitation of the primer and the mechanical sensitizer can be achieved. Thus, the overall reliability is improved by enclosing the sensitizer in the initiator. As an example, lead styphnate and a mechanical sensitizer, such as carborundum, sand, or glass powder, can be co-precipitated to the ratio present in the final composition. The manufacturing method is as follows.

The solution of magnesium styphnate is neutralized with magnesium oxide of styphnic acid, and excess magnesium oxide is removed by filtration. The mechanical sensitizer is suspended in a solution of magnesium styphnate in the proportions present in the final mixture. The lead nitrate or lead acetate solution is poured into a mixture of magnesium styphnate and a mechanical sensitizer. The mixture is kept stirring at 50 ° C. The coprecipitated magnesium styphnate-mechanical sensitizer is digested for a further 10 minutes at 50 ° C., washed and filtered three times with distilled water and used for the preparation of a priming agent.

The initiator prepared by the above-described coprecipitation mixing and the same method as in Example 1 is excellent in homogeneity, and the generated initiator is 3-3.5 inches with a reliability of 99.99% at a reliability level of 95%.・ It has ounce sensitivity.

Example 4 The mixture of Example 1 can be sensitized by using a stronger oxidizing agent instead of tetracene. A typical mixture consists of the following composition: Lead styphnate-40% Lead azide-20% Antimony sulfide-15% Barium nitride-20% Potassium chlorate 5% The composition of Example 4 can be used in place of the basic mixture of Example 1; Similarly, 25 mg of the detonation composition
And a compaction at 100 Kspi yields a primer with a sensitivity of 9 inches and a sensitivity of 3.1 inch ounces at a reliability level of 95%.

Example 5 The sensitivity is improved by a completely new method which is not included in ordinary explosives. in this way,
High sensitivity is achieved by using a combination of mechanical and chemical sensitizers. Typical examples of this mode include the following. Potassium chlorate-35 to 37% Antimony sulfide-52 to 56% Glass powder-2 to 3% Sulfur-3 to 4% Lead thiocyanate-4 to 6%

Using the detonation mixture described above, a detonator made by compacting 15 to 25 mg of the mixture at 70 to 100 kpsi has a reliability of 99.99% at a 95% confidence level.
It has a total firing stub sensitivity of 0.80 inch ounces at 99%. The charge can be varied to accommodate the desired output. The initiator exhibits reliable operation even after prolonged aging at -40 ° C and 100 ° C, and does not show any significant reduction in sensitivity.

Example 6 The sulfur of Example 5 can be replaced with a high energy fuel such as selenium, titanium, or zirconium. If these substances are used, not only the sensitivity does not change but also 200 ° C.
It can be used without a decrease in sensitivity.

The scope of the present invention is not limited to the materials, processing conditions and priming assemblies described above. For example, co-precipitation of lead azide and lead styphnate in the proportions present in the composition can achieve high sensitivity or use the oxidizing agent of Example 1 in Example 3
In the presence of a stronger oxidizing agent. Conjugative binding of the components results in high sensitivity and high power. Similarly, with the new design of the firing pin, changing the included angle from the standard needle 26 to 14 to make it sharper, or adding more edges to the firing pin to further increase the detonation hot spot, make the device smaller. It will operate with impact energy.

Thus, several of the objects and advantages set forth above are most effectively obtained by the present invention and have important applications in the fields of weapons, car crash airbags, and other priming applications. With. Although several embodiments have been disclosed in detail, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims (18)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A composition free of explosives, such as azide and styphnate, comprising an oxidizer and a fuel sensitizer to achieve excellent sensitivity, reliability and temperature aging characteristics. A priming agent characterized by including in combination with: 2. A method for producing an explosive detoning composition comprising basic lead styphnate, lead azide, antimony sulfide, barium nitride, and carborundum, comprising 15 to 25 gm of the same composition as the above composition. A method for producing a composition for detonation, comprising the step of consolidating at 70 to 100 kpsi by using as an initiator. 3. A detonator detonation composition which is assembled into a primer / detonator to withstand aging at a temperature in the range of -40.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and a reliability of 99.99% at a reliability level of 95%. 3. A composition having a sensitivity of 2 to 3 inch ounces.
The manufacturing method as described. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein said explosive is combined with a relatively weak output charge, said output charge being a mixture selected from the group consisting of basic lead styphnate, barium nitride and antimony sulfide. Method. 5. The explosive charge is combined with a relatively weak output charge, wherein the output charge is titanium-potassium perchlorate, titanium-potassium perchlorate and zirconium perchlorate.
3. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the output charge is selected from the group including potassium. 6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the carborundum is replaced by glass powder. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein the carborundum is replaced with pure silica sand. 8. The method of claim 2 wherein potassium chlorate is used in place of carborundum and the mixture is consolidated at 100 kpsi. 9. A method for improving the overall reliability of a detonator / primer by enclosing the sensitizer in the primer by co-precipitation of the primer and the sensitizer. 10. A method for incorporating a mechanical sensitizer into a priming charge by co-precipitation in a proportion present in the final composition, comprising: a. By neutralizing styphnic acid and magnesium oxide,
Producing a solution of magnesium styphnate and filtering off excess magnesium oxide; b. Suspending the mechanical sensitizer in a magnesium styphnate solution in the proportion present in the final composition; c. Adding a solution selected from the group consisting of lead nitrate and lead acetate to a mixture of magnesium styphnate and a mechanical sensitizer, and stirring and heating at 50 ° C. for 10 minutes. . 11. A method for forming an explosive detonating composition, the composition comprising potassium chlorate, antimony sulfide, glass powder, sulfur and lead thiocyanate, and a mixture compacted at 70-100 kpsi as an explosive. 15-25m
A forming method using g. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the sulfur is replaced by a high energy fuel. 13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the sulfur is replaced by selenium. 14. The method according to claim 11, wherein the sulfur is replaced by titanium. 15. The method according to claim 11, wherein the sulfur is replaced by zirconium. 16. A compacted mixture of an explosive detonating composition comprising a basic lead styphnate, lead azide, antimony sulfide, barium nitride, and a group consisting of carborundum, glass powder, pure silica sand and potassium nitrate. A compacted mixture comprising one selected material. 17. A compacted mixture of an explosive detonating composition, comprising potassium nitrate, antimony sulfide, glass powder, lead thiocyanate, and one material selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, titanium and zirconium. A consolidated mixture characterized by comprising: 18. A detonator detonation composition which is assembled into a primer / detonator to withstand aging at temperatures in the range of -40 ° C. to 200 ° C. and a reliability of 99.9 at a reliability level of 95%.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the composition has a sensitivity of 0.8 inch ounce at 9%.