JPH10330171A - Brazing material for brazing material poor in wettability and production of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a brazing material capable of excellently brazing a material having poor wettability by dispersing in the brazing material, metal particles having excellent wettability, higher liquidus temperature than brazing temperature and not melting at the temperature. SOLUTION: The brazing is carried out by inserting nozzle body 1, nozzle piece 2 and brazing material 5 filled in a vacuum oven, heating to about 850 deg.C and keeping for 10 minutes, cooling to room temperature. The metal particles 5b in the brazing material has 1500 deg.C of liquidus temperature, 1400 deg.C of solidus temperature, the brazing is carried out below this solidus temperature. In the temperature rising process, the brazing material gradually melts excluding the metal particle 5b, the space between the perforated hole 1a and nozzle piece 2 is filled with the brazing material while intervening the metal particle 5b. The stream of the molten brazing material has no deviation, flows to the desired brazing position, filling the space free from voids. After cooling, the molten brazing material solidifies, the nozzle piece 2 and nozzle body 1 is tightly brazed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brazing material for satisfactorily brazing a material having poor wettability such as ceramics and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, ceramics and the like having excellent heat resistance, wear resistance and the like have been used in various fields, and a brazing method has been proposed for joining them. For example, in a spinning nozzle used for spinning a synthetic fiber, as shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle body 1 is formed of stainless steel or the like having good workability, and a large number of through holes 1a are formed in the nozzle body 1. On the other hand, the nozzle piece 2 is made of ceramic, cermet, cemented carbide, or the like having excellent wear resistance, and a large number of the nozzle pieces 2 are arranged in the through holes 1a. A method of joining the nozzle body 1 and the nozzle piece 2 by filling the gap between the piece 2 with the wax 3 has been put to practical use. However, since ceramics and the like constituting the nozzle piece 2 are chemically stable and have poor wettability of the wax, an active metal coating 4 such as Ti is formed on the surface as shown in FIG. Brazing is enabled by using a brazing material containing an active metal.

[0003]

However, even with a method of coating an active metal on ceramics or the like, there is a limit in improving the wettability, and sufficient brazing properties cannot be obtained. In particular, when the mating material is a material having good wettability, the flow of the wax is deviated, and FIG.
As shown in (1), there is a problem that the unsatisfied portion 3a of the wax is generated and brazing cannot be performed well, and there is also a problem that the work efficiency is poor because the unsatisfied portion is forced to be repaired. Also, in the method of including the active metal in the brazing material, there is a limit to the improvement of the wettability similarly to the above. Further, it is not easy to manufacture a brazing material containing an active metal, and the brazing material itself is expensive, so that there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a brazing material capable of satisfactorily brazing a material having poor wettability and a method of manufacturing the same.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first invention of the brazing material for brazing a material having poor wettability according to the present invention is a material having poor wettability or a material having poor wettability. A brazing material for brazing a material and a material having good wettability, wherein metal particles having good wettability, a liquidus temperature higher than the brazing temperature, and which does not melt at the brazing temperature are contained in the brazing material. It is characterized by being dispersed.

[0005] A second aspect of the present invention is the brazing material according to the first aspect, wherein the material having poor wettability is ceramics, and the brazing material comprises a brazing component and an active metal.
A brazing material according to a third invention is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the brazing material is formed of a sintered body in which metal grains remain granular.

A method for producing a brazing material according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is to mix a metal particle having good wettability, a liquidus temperature higher than the brazing temperature and not melting at the brazing temperature, and a powder brazing material. In a desired shape and thereafter sintering the compact at a temperature lower than the liquidus temperature of the metal particles. A method for producing a brazing material according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fourth aspect, the powder brazing material comprises a brazing component powder and an active metal powder. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a brazing material according to the fourth aspect, the powder brazing material is an alloy powder containing a brazing component and an active metal.

[0007] The brazing material of the present invention is suitable for manufacturing a spinning nozzle which needs to form a large number of nozzles as described above, but its application is not limited to this. It can be applied to any use for brazing a material having poor wettability such as a material having the same. In this case, the material to be brazed may be a material having poor wettability, or a material having relatively poor wettability and a material having good wettability may be joined.

[0008] The brazing material of the present invention may be one containing silver, copper, or the like as a main component, and containing an active metal.
However, since the above brazing component differs depending on the material of the material to be brazed, the type of the present invention is not particularly limited. In addition, as an active metal, Ti, Zr,
Be and the like. The above-mentioned brazing component and active metal can be alloyed to form one alloy.However, by preparing a powder of each of them or a powder of an appropriate component, the components as a whole become the above-mentioned components. It may be. In particular, when powdered materials are used, there is an effect that manufacturing costs can be reduced without difficulty in manufacturing due to alloying.

Next, metal particles are dispersed in the brazing material. The metal particles must have relatively good wettability at least as compared with a material having poor wettability, and more preferably have as good wettability as possible. In particular, when brazing a material with poor wettability and a good material, it is desirable that the material has a wettability equal to or better than that of the material to be brazed having good wettability. In terms of ensuring good wettability, the material cannot be determined uniformly because of compatibility with the solder, but stainless steel is a material having good wettability even with silver braze or the like.

[0010] Further, it is necessary that the metal particles substantially maintain their shape without melting even when the brazing heat is applied. Therefore, it is essential that the liquidus temperature is higher than the brazing temperature. Here, “without melting” naturally excludes those that completely melt, but includes those that substantially maintain the shape even if melting occurs partially. In addition, from the viewpoint of maintaining the shape as much as possible at the time of brazing addition heat, it is preferable that the solidus temperature of the metal particles is near the brazing temperature or higher than the brazing temperature. When partial melting is allowed, metal particles having a solidus temperature equal to or lower than the brazing temperature can be used. Therefore, a material having an appropriate liquidus temperature and solidus temperature can be selected as metal particles in consideration of these.

The desired size of the metal particles is not particularly limited in the present invention since it differs depending on the brazing location, the size of the brazing gap, and the like. Since it is contained in a gap of about 0.5 mm and brazed, the size of the metal particles is 5 to 100.
It is desirable to set the diameter to μm. Further, the amount of the metal particles dispersed in the brazing material is 10 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the brazing material in consideration of sufficiently obtaining the brazing strength and sufficiently improving the flow of the molten metal. Is desirably dispersed. The metal particles can be dispersed by mixing the metal particles in the molten brazing filler metal, but can also be dispersed by mixing the metal particles into the above-mentioned brazing filler metal powder.
When mixing the powders, it is also possible to mix an appropriate solvent or binder.

The mixed powder obtained by mixing the metal particles with the brazing filler metal powder as described above can be placed at the brazing portion as it is, or can be adhered to the brazing portion in a slurry state. Since the density is high and the volume shrinks due to densification when the brazing heat is applied, if the amount and amount of the brazing material is restricted by the shape and position of the brazing part, the brazing material becomes insufficient and unfilled parts Therefore, it is desirable that the brazing material be press-formed or sintered in advance to minimize the volumetric shrinkage during brazing. In particular, by sintering after press-molding to a desired shape according to the brazing portion, the above-mentioned volume shrinkage can be avoided, handling is easy, and the brazing material can be accurately arranged at the brazing portion. Therefore, there is an effect that the work becomes easy and the brazing joint can be appropriately formed.

[0013] When the brazing material is pressed under pressure as described above, it is desirable that the metal grains are not crushed. Therefore, it is desirable that the metal particles in this case are made of a material having an appropriate strength. Further, in order to prevent the metal particles from being crushed, it is also possible to disperse reinforcing metal particles (such as tool steel) having high hardness and high strength together with the metal particles. Although the reinforcing metal particles are not required to be as wet as the metal particles,
It is desirable that the wettability is better than the amount of the brazing material that is considered to have poor wettability. Conversely, it is desirable that the brazing filler metal powder has a small strength so that the brazing filler metal can be molded well during pressure molding. For example, silver braze powder is a material containing silver and copper as components.Since silver powder and copper powder have lower strength, it is possible to use a single powder or a mixed powder thereof from the viewpoint of moldability. desirable. Therefore, in selecting the components of the brazing material, it is also useful to consider formability.

Further, as described above, the above-mentioned mixture can be sintered after it has been formed into a desired shape (preferably under pressure) so as to be easily brazed or to be easily brazed. In addition, the shape of the molded body may be a shape adapted to a specific brazing portion, or a shape formed into chips for general use. During sintering, the metal particles must not be completely melted, and it is necessary to sinter the particles while maintaining their shape almost completely. It must be below the temperature. In sintering, it is optional whether the brazing material powder is liquefied or sintered in a solid phase, and the sintering temperature can be selected from such a viewpoint. However, from the viewpoint of avoiding volume shrinkage during brazing, liquid phase sintering in which the brazing filler metal powder becomes a liquid phase and is densified is desirable.

That is, according to the present invention, the brazing component, the active metal, and the additive are melted during brazing, but the metal particles substantially maintain their shapes and their positions are substantially maintained. As a result, the molten brazing material flows well to a desired brazing portion without being biased to a specific portion in the brazing material disposing portion, and therefore, even a material having poor wettability can be brazed well. Also, the metal particles contained in the brazing material are usually higher in strength than the brazing material,
Therefore, there is also an effect of increasing the strength of the joint. By the above, the active metal is previously coated on the brazing surface of the material having poor wettability, and there is no need to use an active metal in the brazing material, which has the effect of reducing the cost. From the viewpoint of good brazing, it is possible to include applying the above coating and using a brazing material alloyed with an active metal.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Spinning nozzle body 1 is SUS6
It is made of 30 stainless steel and has a large number of cylindrical through holes. Although only one through-hole 1a is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each through-hole has the same shape and the brazing operation of the nozzle piece is similarly applied. The description will be made only for the through hole 1a.

The through-hole 2 has a shape slightly larger in diameter than the cylindrical nozzle piece 2 made of zirconia.
mm gap is formed. On the other hand, each had an average particle size of 8μ.
78 parts by weight of silver brazing powder 5a (brazing component powder)
20 parts by weight of SUS304 powder 5b (metal particles) and 2 parts by weight of Ti powder 5c (active metal powder) were uniformly mixed, and this mixture, that is, the brazing material 5 was filled in the gap between the through hole 1a and the nozzle piece 2. . In addition, the filling amount was set to exceed the gap capacity in consideration of volume shrinkage at the time of adding brazing heat.

At the time of brazing, the spinning nozzle body 1, the nozzle piece 2, and the brazing material 5 are charged and charged into a vacuum heating furnace (not shown) equipped with an exhaust device, and the heating device is operated by operating the exhaust device. Vacuum atmosphere (5 × 10 ^-6 Torr)
Was adjusted. Next, the inside of the furnace was heated at a heating rate of 200 ° C./hour, heated to 850 ° C. and maintained at the same temperature for 10 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 200 ° C./hour and brazed. . The metal particles have a liquidus temperature of 1
The temperature was 500 ° C. and the solidus temperature was 1400 ° C., and the brazing was performed at a temperature equal to or lower than the solidus temperature of the metal particles.

During the heating, the brazing material 5 was gradually melted except for the metal particles 5b, and the gap between the through hole 1a and the nozzle piece 2 was filled with the metal particles 5b. At this time, there was no deviation in the flow of the molten solder, and the molten solder flowed uniformly to the desired brazing position without showing the poor wettability of zirconia, and the gap was filled with the molten solder without gaps. Then, the molten wax solidifies according to the temperature drop after heating,
The nozzle piece 2 and the nozzle body 1 at the predetermined positions were brazed firmly by the solidification braze 50. The spinning nozzle manufactured as described above was taken out of the heating furnace and the state of filling of the gap was examined. As a result, a slight gap was formed in the upper portion, but the nozzle body 1 and the nozzle piece 2 were well joined. In addition, the metal grains 5b were still dispersed in the solidified braze 50, and the strength of the brazed joint was improved. In the above embodiment, the brazing is performed in a vacuum atmosphere. However, the brazing using each of the above materials may be performed in a desired atmosphere (for example, in an inert gas atmosphere) in addition to the air. is there.

(Embodiment 2) Hereinafter, another embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the same nozzle body 1 and nozzle piece 2 as those in the above embodiment are used. 56 parts by weight of silver powder having an average particle size of 8 μm, copper powder 2
2 parts by weight (both of the wax component powder), 20 parts by weight of SUS304 powder (metal particles), and 2 parts by weight of Ti powder (active metal powder) were uniformly mixed. This mixture was press-formed into a cylinder with a pressing force of 1 to 3 GPa (gigapascal) according to the gap between the through hole 1a and the nozzle piece 2. Next, the formed body was heated in a vacuum atmosphere at 750 ° C. for 60 minutes and sintered. Metal particles 15b were uniformly dispersed in the obtained sintered body 15. The sintered body 15 is provided in the through hole 1.
The gap between the nozzle piece a and the nozzle piece 2 was filled and brazed under the same conditions as in Embodiment 1. As a result, the nozzle body 1 and the nozzle piece 2 were satisfactorily brazed as described above. In this embodiment, the shrinkage of the brazing material was small, and no gap was formed in the brazed portion.

[0021]

As described above, according to the brazing material for brazing a material having poor wettability according to the present invention, the wettability is good and the liquidus temperature is higher than the brazing temperature. Since the metal particles that do not melt at the brazing temperature are dispersed in the brazing material, the molten metal and the metal particles are well wetted during brazing, so that the molten solder flows uniformly at the joints without being biased in a specific location or direction. In addition, a material having poor wettability can be satisfactorily brazed.

Further, if the brazing material is prepared by separately preparing the brazing metal and the active metal, there is no need to alloy the brazing metal with the active metal, and the cost of the brazing material can be reduced. Furthermore, if the brazing material is a sintered body in which the metal grains remain in a granular state, the handling of the brazing material becomes easy, and the work is made more efficient,
Volume contraction of the brazing material at the time of brazing can be suppressed as much as possible, and it is possible to prevent a shrinkage gap from being generated at a brazed portion, thereby enabling better brazing.

Also, a metal particle having good wettability and having a liquidus temperature higher than the brazing temperature and not melting at the brazing temperature is mixed with a powder brazing material to form a desired shape. If the compact is sintered at a temperature lower than the liquidus temperature of the metal particles, the brazing material can be obtained easily and efficiently, and the obtained brazing material is easy to handle,
Materials with poor wettability can be satisfactorily brazed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is also a partially enlarged sectional view after brazing.

FIG. 3 is a partially sectional perspective view showing a brazing material according to another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing an example of a conventional method for manufacturing a spinning nozzle.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in which a part is further enlarged.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nozzle main body 1a Through hole 2 Nozzle piece 5 Brazing material 5a Brazing component powder 5b Metal particle 5c Ti powder 15 Sintered brazing material

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hidekatsu Kawamura 1-3-3 Takanodai, Yokkaido, Chiba Japan Steel Works (72) Inventor Ryuji Houjido 1-3-3 Takanodai, Yokkaido, Chiba Japan Inside the steel mill

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A brazing material for brazing materials having poor wettability to each other or a material having poor wettability and a material having good wettability, wherein the wettability is good and the liquidus line is higher than the brazing temperature. A brazing material for brazing a material with poor wettability, characterized by dispersing metal particles that are high in temperature and do not melt at the brazing temperature in the brazing material. 2. A brazing material for brazing a material having poor wettability, wherein the material having poor wettability is ceramics, and the brazing material comprises a brazing component and an active metal. 3. The brazing material for brazing a material having poor wettability according to claim 1, wherein the brazing material comprises a sintered body in which metal grains remain in a granular state. 4. A metal particle having good wettability and having a liquidus temperature higher than the brazing temperature and not melting at the brazing temperature.
Mix with powdered brazing material to form the desired shape, then
Sintering the compact at a temperature lower than the liquidus temperature of the metal particles. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the powdered brazing material comprises a brazing component powder and an active metal powder. 6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the powdered brazing material is an alloy powder containing a brazing component and an active metal.