JPH10329532A - Vehicular air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent frosting as much as possible and increase a heating performance effectively. SOLUTION: An outdoor heat exchanger 64 has a header part 90 provided directly by approaching mutually a first passage 84 for pouring a cooling medium and a second passage 88 for pouring a cooling water changed to a high temperature by cooling a drive system at the warming operation time. Therefore, the cooling medium introduced to the first passage 84 can absorb the exhaust heat generated around this first passage 84 as a vaporized heat and a warming efficiency can be increased extremely and also the frosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 64 can be obstructed surely.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner having a compressor for compressing and sending out a heat medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, various types of air conditioners such as a semi-auto air conditioner system, a full auto air conditioner system, and a reheat system are employed for performing air conditioning in a vehicle cabin.

In a refrigeration cycle of this type of air conditioner, a cooling medium is generally compressed by a compressor and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent to an outdoor heat exchanger. After being condensed, the cooling medium in the form of a low-temperature and low-pressure mist is supplied to an evaporator (indoor heat exchanger) through an expansion valve (or a capillary tube) as an expansion means. Therefore, the cooling medium absorbs heat from the air around the evaporator, evaporates, becomes a gaseous refrigerant, and is sucked into the compressor again.

When the above-described air conditioner is used in a heating mode, the outdoor heat exchanger exchanges heat with the outside air to absorb heat, so that the temperature of the outside air decreases and frost forms on the outdoor heat exchanger. Is easily caused. As a result, the amount of heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger may decrease, and the heating capacity may decrease. Therefore, the defrosting operation is usually performed. However, during the defrosting operation, the heating operation is stopped, and there is a disadvantage that it takes a considerable time from the end of the defrosting operation to a stable heating operation.

Therefore, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-258548
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H10-115, there is known a technique in which a first passage for flowing a first fluid and a second passage for flowing a second fluid are provided inside an outdoor heat exchanger. Therefore, for example, when a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and a coolant for a heat-generating component such as a drive motor are caused to flow through the first and second passages, heat exchange between them is performed using a metal having high heat conductivity as a medium. It is stated that frost formation can be prevented.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, since heat exchange between two kinds of fluids is performed indirectly using a metal as a medium, the metal is a material having a high thermal conductivity. However, it is difficult to quickly heat the frosted portion. As a result, a problem has been pointed out that the defrosting operation is not efficiently performed, and it is not possible to immediately shift from the defrosting operation to a desired heating operation.

[0007] The present invention is to solve this kind of problem, and to provide an air conditioner for a vehicle that can prevent frost formation as much as possible and can effectively improve heating performance. With the goal.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, a heat exchanger that evaporates a heat medium and absorbs heat during a heating operation flows the heat medium. And a second passage for flowing cooling water that has cooled the heat source during the heating operation, are provided directly adjacent to each other. For this reason, the surrounding temperature of the first passage quickly and reliably rises through the exhaust heat from the heat source, and it is possible to effectively prevent the heat exchanger from frosting. In addition, since the heat medium absorbs waste heat generated around the first passage as evaporation heat, the heating efficiency is greatly improved.

Furthermore, since the first passage and the second passage are set to have a double hollow structure, the heat medium can reliably and efficiently absorb the waste heat from the heat source as evaporation heat. become. The heat source has a traveling motor,
It can be effectively applied to an electric vehicle air conditioner.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory view of an automotive air conditioner (air conditioner) 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

The auto air conditioner 10 has a duct body 14 for blowing air of which temperature and humidity have been adjusted into the vehicle interior, and heat exchange between the air flowing through the duct body 14 and a cooling medium (heat medium). A cooling medium circuit for cooling the air, a heating medium circuit for heating the air by exchanging heat between air flowing through the duct body and hot water, and a heating medium circuit disposed in the duct body; And an air mixing means 20 for performing air mix control of cold air and hot air.

The duct main body 14 is disposed on the front side of the vehicle cabin via an instrument panel (not shown), and at the upstream side of the duct main body 14, inside air for introducing air in the vehicle cabin is introduced. An opening 24 and an outside air inlet 26 for introducing air outside the vehicle compartment are provided to be freely opened and closed via a switching damper 28.

The switching damper 2 is provided in the duct body 14.
The blower 30 is disposed adjacent to the side of the blower 30.
An evaporator (indoor heat exchanger) 32 that forms the cooling medium circuit 16 is disposed downstream of the evaporator. Evaporator 32
A heater core 34 constituting the heating medium circuit 18 is provided downstream of the heater core 34, and an air mixing means 20 is mounted on the inlet side of the heater core 34. The air mix means 20 includes an air mix damper 36, and the air mix damper 36 is rotatable via an air mix motor 38 to an arbitrary angle within a range from a position of 0% opening to a position of 100% opening. It is.

Downstream of the duct body 14, a differential outlet 40 for blowing air toward the inner surface of the front windshield of the electric vehicle, a face outlet 42 for blowing air toward the head of the occupant, And a foot outlet 44 for blowing air toward the foot of the user. A differential damper 46, a face damper 48, and a foot damper 50 are provided in the differential outlet 40, the face outlet 42, and the foot outlet 44, respectively.
Is rotatably mounted.

The evaporator 32 evaporates the cooling medium by exchanging heat between the cooling medium flowing into the inside and the air sent from the blower 30 into the duct body 14, and cools the air. It has a function to do. The cooling medium circuit 16 including the evaporator 32
Is equipped with an electric compressor 52, and an accumulator 5 is connected to a refrigerant line 54a on the low pressure side connecting the suction side of the electric compressor 52 and the outlet side of the evaporator 32.
6 are interposed.

The electric compressor 52 compresses a cooling medium (gas refrigerant) sucked into the inside from the suction port and discharges it as a high-temperature, high-pressure cooling medium from the discharge port side to the refrigerant pipe 54b side. The accumulator 56 separates the cooling medium into a liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant, and separates only the gas refrigerant from the electric compressor 5.
2 is provided.

The refrigerant pipe 54b branches at its distal end into refrigerant pipes 54c and 54d.
c branches into refrigerant pipes 54e and 54f. Refrigerant line 54
A first solenoid valve 60 is provided in c, a second solenoid valve 62 is provided in the refrigerant line 54f, and the refrigerant line 54f is connected to the refrigerant line 54a. Refrigerant line 54
e, an outdoor heat exchanger 64 is disposed. The outdoor heat exchanger 64 exchanges heat between a cooling medium in a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state and outside air blown by an outdoor fan 66 during a heating operation. While the cooling medium is evaporated and vaporized, the cooling medium has a function of exchanging heat between a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant and outside air blown by the outdoor fan 66 during a cooling operation to condense and liquefy the gas refrigerant.

A first capillary tube 70 for heating is provided in the refrigerant line 54d.
d and the refrigerant pipe 54e are integrated as a refrigerant pipe 54g and connected to the introduction side of the evaporator 32. A third solenoid valve 68 and a second capillary tube 72 for cooling are arranged in parallel with the refrigerant pipe 54g.

The heating medium circuit 18 has a hot water circulating path 74 for circulating and supplying hot water to the heater core 34. The hot water circulating path 74 includes a water pump 76 and a combustion heater 7.
8 are provided. A part of the hot water circulation path 74 is provided with an outer pipe section 80 having a double pipe structure surrounding the refrigerant pipe 54b of the cooling medium circuit 16 over a predetermined length, and the refrigerant pipe 54b and the outer pipe section 80 are provided. A medium heat exchanger 82 is constituted by the pipe section 80. When the high-temperature, high-pressure cooling medium discharged from the electric compressor 52 and flowing to the refrigerant pipe 54b flows through the refrigerant pipe 54b, the medium heat exchanger 82 includes the hot water as a heating medium passing through the outer pipe 80 of the hot water circulation path 74 and the above-described hot water. It has a function of heating the hot water by exchanging heat with a cooling medium.

As shown in FIG. 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 64 comprises
A first passage 84 for flowing a cooling medium and a second passage 88 for cooling a driving system (heat source) 86 that has become high temperature by flowing a high-temperature cooling water during a heating operation are provided directly adjacent to each other. And a pair of header portions (piping members) 90. FIG.
As shown in the figure, a first passage 84 for a cooling medium having a circular cross section is provided in a central portion of the header portion 90, and a plurality of second passages 88 for a cooling water having a substantially oval cross section.
Is provided around the first passage 84 so that the header section 90 is set to have a double hollow structure.

A plurality of flat tubes 92 are arranged parallel to each other and connected to both ends of each header portion 90, while both ends of a water pipe 94 are fixed to the lower end of the header portion 90. Is done. A large number of fins 96 are provided in the tube 92, and a coolant passage 98 for flowing a cooling medium is formed in the tube 92. The coolant passage 98 is connected to the first passage 84 of each header 90. Communicate. The second passage 88 of each header section 90 is connected to the water pipe 9
4.

The first passage 84 of each header section 90 communicates with the refrigerant pipe 54e, and the second passage 88 of each header section 90 communicates with a cooling circuit 100 forming a drive system 86 via a tank section 99. Communicate with As shown in FIG. 4, the drive system 86 includes a traveling motor 102 and a battery 104 for supplying electric energy to the motor 102, and a cooling system for circulating and supplying cooling water to the motor 102 and the battery 104. A circuit 100 is provided.

The cooling circuit 100 includes a cooling water circuit 106
The cooling water is circulated along the cooling water circulation path 106, and the radiator 108, the motor 102, and the battery 1
And a pump 112 for supplying the cooling water into a battery storage box 110 for storing the cooling water. The cooling water circulation passage 106 is connected to the water passage 1 branched through the three-way valve 114.
16 and the waterway 116 is provided with each header 9
0 second passage 88.

The thus configured auto air conditioner 10
Will be described below.

First, the operation modes are cooling operation, heating operation,
Table 1 shows the routes of the respective cooling medium circuits 16 in the case of the dehumidifying operation and the air blowing operation.

[0026]

[Table 1]

Therefore, when the operation mode is the heating operation, Table 1
As shown in FIG. 1 and the first and third solenoid valves 60,
68 is closed, and the second solenoid valve 62 is opened. For this reason, the cooling medium discharged from the electric compressor 52 is decompressed from the refrigerant pipes 54b and 54d through the first capillary tube 70 and vaporized through the outdoor heat exchanger 64 in a gas-liquid two-phase state. The refrigerant is circulated from the accumulator 56 to the electric compressor 52 through the second solenoid valve 62 and the refrigerant pipes 54f and 54a.

At this time, in the heating medium circuit 18, the hot water is circulated along the hot water circulation path 74 under the driving action of the water pump 76, and the hot water is supplied to the outer tube 80 constituting the medium heat exchanger 82. Supplied. Therefore, the outer tube portion 80
The hot water in the outer pipe portion 80 is heated by flowing a high-temperature and high-pressure cooling medium through the refrigerant pipe 54b inward. This hot water is introduced into the heater core 34,
The air passing through the heater core 34 is heated to a predetermined temperature.

On the other hand, during running, as shown in FIG. 4, a motor 102 is driven by electric energy supplied from a battery 104, and a cooling circuit 100 for cooling the battery 104 and the motor 102 is provided. Is driven. That is, the cooling water is circulated along the cooling water circulation path 106 under the driving action of the pump 112 (see a two-dot chain line arrow in FIG. 4). Thereby, the motor 102
In addition, since the cooling water that has become high temperature after cooling the battery 104 and the like passes through the radiator 108 and exchanges heat with the outside air to have a low temperature, the cooling of the motor 102 and the battery 104 and the like are continuously performed. be able to.

When the heating operation is performed by the automatic air conditioner 10, the gas-liquid two-phase cooling medium exchanges heat with the outside air when passing through the refrigerant passage 98 of the tube 92 constituting the outdoor heat exchanger 64. As a result, heat is absorbed and vaporized. For this reason, the outside air temperature is reduced, and frost is easily generated around the tube 92 and the fins 96 and the like.

However, in the first embodiment, the header portion 90 constituting the outdoor heat exchanger 64 cools the first passage 84 through which the cooling medium flows and the drive system 86 during the heating operation to reach a high temperature. Passage 88 for flowing the cooled water
Are provided directly adjacent to each other. Therefore, during the heating operation, as shown in FIG. 4, the water passage 116 forms a cooling water circulation passage of the drive system 86 including the pump 112 via the three-way valve 114, and the motor 102 and the battery 104
Cooling water that has been cooled to a high temperature is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 64 (see a two-point solid line arrow in FIG. 4).

As a result, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cooling medium is introduced into the first passage 84 provided in the central portion of the header section 90, while the high-temperature cooling water flows through the first passage 84. It is introduced into a plurality of second passages 88 provided around the periphery. Therefore, the header portion 90 itself can be directly heated via the exhaust heat from the drive system 86, and the ambient temperature of the first passage 84 is quickly and reliably increased. For this reason, the cooling medium introduced into the first passage 84 can absorb the exhaust heat generated around the first passage 84 as evaporation heat, thereby greatly improving the heating efficiency and the outdoor heat. The effect is obtained that the exchanger 64 can be reliably prevented from forming frost.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural explanatory view of an outdoor heat exchanger 120 constituting an automatic air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. is there.

The outdoor heat exchanger 120 has a flat tube 122 meandering in the vertical direction, and the tube 122 is provided with a large number of fins 123. Tube 1
Inside 22, a water passage 124 for flowing a high-temperature cooling water by cooling a drive system (not shown) during the heating operation and a plurality of refrigerant passages 126 circulating around the water passage 124 are provided. The tube 122 has a double hollow structure.

As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG.
The water passage 124 protrudes outward by a predetermined length at both ends of the water passage 22.
Are connected. The refrigerant passage 126 is connected to the tube 122
Are connected to the tank 130 at both ends thereof, and the refrigerant pipe 54e is connected to the tank 130.

In the second embodiment configured as described above, the tube 122 constituting the outdoor heat exchanger 120 is
A water passage 124 is provided at a central portion, and a plurality of refrigerant passages 126 are provided around the water passage 124 to form a double hollow structure. For this reason, at the time of the heating operation, high-temperature cooling water is introduced into the water passage 124, while the cooling medium is introduced into a plurality of refrigerant passages 126 provided around the water passage 124.

As a result, the tube 122 itself is directly heated via the exhaust heat from the drive system, the surrounding temperature of the refrigerant passage 126 is rapidly increased, and the cooling medium introduced into the refrigerant passage 126 is cooled by the refrigerant. The exhaust heat generated around the passage 126 can be absorbed as evaporation heat. Therefore, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, for example, the heating efficiency is greatly improved, and frost formation can be reliably prevented.

In the first embodiment, only the header portion 90 constituting the outdoor heat exchanger 64 is set to have a double hollow structure. However, the tube 92 constituting the outdoor heat exchanger 64 is Similarly to the tube 122 according to the second embodiment, a double hollow structure may be set.

[0039]

As described above, in the vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, during the heating operation, the heat medium flows through the first passage of the pipe member while the heat source is cooled in the second passage of the pipe member. By flowing the cooling water, the ambient temperature of the first passage increases quickly and reliably via the exhaust heat from the heat source,
It is possible to effectively prevent the heat exchanger from being frosted. In addition, since the heat medium absorbs the exhaust heat generated around the first passage as evaporation heat, the heating efficiency is greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory view of a vehicular auto air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural explanatory view of an outdoor heat exchanger constituting the automatic air conditioner.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cooling circuit of a drive system.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration explanatory view of an outdoor heat exchanger that constitutes a vehicle automatic air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5;

7 is an enlarged sectional view of an end of a tube constituting the outdoor heat exchanger shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Automatic air conditioner 16 ... Cooling medium circuit 18 ... Heating medium circuit 52 ... Electric compressor 64 ... Outdoor heat exchanger 84 ... First passage 86 ... Drive system 88 ... Second passage 90 ... Header 92 ... Tube 94 ... Water conduit 98 ... refrigerant passage 100 ... cooling circuit 102 ... motor 104 ... battery 106 ... cooling water circulation path 108 ... radiator 112 ... pump 114 ... three-way valve 116 ... water path 120 ... outdoor heat exchanger 122 ... tube 124 ... water path 126 ... refrigerant path

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A compressor for compressing and sending out a heat medium, and dissipating heat by condensing the heat medium discharged from the compressor during a cooling operation, and evaporating the heat medium during a heating operation. A heat exchanger that absorbs heat, wherein the heat exchanger has a first passage for flowing the heat medium,
Second for flowing cooling water that has cooled the heat source during heating operation
An air conditioner for a vehicle, wherein the passage has a pipe member provided directly adjacent to each other. 2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the first passage and the second passage are set to have a double hollow structure in which one is centered and the other is arranged around the one. A vehicle air conditioner characterized by the above-mentioned. 3. An air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said heat source includes a traveling motor.