JPH10329493A - Method for transferring curved surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently manufacture a decorative material having excellent surface physical properties while effectively transferring a transfer sheet to a three-dimensional convexo-concave surface. SOLUTION: A transfer layer side of a transfer sheet S having a support 1 and a transfer layer 2 is opposed to a surface executed with a layer 3 such as a primary layer and adhesive layer at a convexo-concave surface side of a base material B to be transferred, solid particles P are collided with the support side of the sheet, and the sheet is brought into pressure contact with the material B by the collision pressure, then the support 1 is released and removed, and further a top coating layer 4 is executed. In this case, the layer 2 is formed of thermoplastic resin having reactive functional group, and crosslinking agent is contained in resin reagent in the layer 4 in contact with the layer 2 on front and rear surfaces, and the layer 3 such as the adhesive layer or primary layer provided at the material B side. And, the functional group of the layers is chemically bonded to the reactive functional group in the layer 2 to integrate the layers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative material for exterior and interior materials of a house, furniture, home electric appliances and the like, in particular, a decorative material having a durable uneven surface which is decorated and suitable for exterior use. And a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, decorative boards having decorations such as pictures on a substrate surface of the decorative board by a direct printing method, a laminating method, a transfer method or the like have been used for various purposes. In this case, if the surface of the base material is flat, the decoration of the picture can be easily made, but the decoration of the pattern is applied to the uneven surface by a special device. For example, in the case of a columnar shape such as a window frame or a surface border material, the base material decoration surface is a two-dimensional unevenness (a shape having a curvature only in one direction (a direction perpendicular to the generating line or the height direction) like a cylinder). One applicable curved surface decoration technique is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895. That is, the technology of the publication is a surface decoration method by a laminating method, in which a surface-coated sheet coated with an adhesive on one side is supplied, while the base material is horizontally conveyed at a speed synchronized with a supply speed of the surface-mounted sheet, and is installed side by side. While maintaining the state in which the end of the facing sheet is not adhered by the large number of holding jigs, the adhesive-applied surface side of the facing sheet is gradually pressed against the base material for each small area, and the It is to be adhered by heating to the material surface. This method is called a lapping method. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097 proposes a curved surface decoration technique applicable to the case where the surface unevenness is a three-dimensional unevenness such as an embossed shape (that is, a shape having a curvature in two directions like a hemisphere). Have been. That is, the technology of the same publication is a surface decoration method by a transfer method, a thermoplastic resin film is used as a support of a transfer sheet, and a release layer, a pattern layer, and an adhesive layer are sequentially provided on the support. The transfer sheet is placed on a substrate having an uneven surface, and is pressed from the back surface of the support with a heat roller made of rubber having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less to transfer a picture, thereby obtaining a decorative plate. Further, a foamed layer which foams by heat during transfer is provided between the support and the release layer, and the foaming is also utilized to follow the uneven surface of the substrate.

[0003] In addition, since a decorative material for exterior use such as siding is required to have durability such as water resistance, conventionally, a two-pack curable paint made of a urethane resin or the like is used, and the paint is directly applied to the base material. Painting. However, only simple decoration can be done by painting, and when decorating by printing,
When the substrate has a three-dimensional uneven surface, the above-described method is used.

[0004]

However, in the above-described conventional method, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895 can only handle a two-dimensional curved surface. Although the technology proposed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H08-27139 can handle three-dimensional curved surfaces, it basically uses elastic deformation of the rotating heat roller by rubber to follow the surface irregularities. Not applicable to irregularities. In addition, the soft rubber roller is liable to be worn by the corners of the unevenness of the transfer-receiving substrate. Also,
In a configuration in which the foam layer is provided on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet becomes too complicated and expensive. In addition, there is a problem that the substrate is limited to a flat substrate as a whole. Further, when high physical properties are required in terms of durability and the like, when a transfer sheet employing a transfer layer of a cured product of a two-component curable resin such as a urethane-based resin is used, if the transfer surface is flat, Although good, the transfer layer cannot follow the uneven surface, and cracks occur. In addition, if the transfer layer is an uncured material such as a one-component curable resin and still exhibits thermoplasticity, it can be transferred to an uneven surface, and if cured after transfer, the transfer layer will have high physical properties. However, in the case where the base material treatment layer is applied to the base material to be transferred by undercoating or the like prior to the transfer and the top coat layer is further applied after the transfer, even if the transfer layer itself has high physical properties, these base material treatment layers Or the adhesion between the top coat layer and the transfer layer is insufficient, and high physical properties cannot be obtained in terms of water resistance and solvent resistance. Furthermore, if the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off in a state where the initial adhesive force immediately after the transfer is low and the adhesion is insufficient, there is a problem that the transfer layer remains on the support and a problem that the transfer is not easily performed is likely to occur.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a decorative material which can be transferred to a large three-dimensional uneven surface and has excellent surface decoration and durability, and does not require a specially shaped jig for pressing the transfer pressure. There is no need to replace rubber rollers and other parts due to wear.
An object of the present invention is to provide a curved surface transfer method and apparatus.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the curved surface transfer method according to the present invention employs, as a means for pressing a transfer sheet including a support and a transfer layer against a transfer-receiving substrate by pressing the transfer sheet. Solid particles collided with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure was used. That is, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet including the support and the transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving base material having the uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure Using
The transfer sheet is pressed onto the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and after the transfer layer adheres to the transfer substrate, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to transfer the transfer layer to the transfer substrate. I made it. At this time, a transfer sheet having a transfer layer made of a thermoplastic resin was used as the transfer sheet, and the followability to the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred was improved. Further, in the present invention, before the transfer layer is transferred to the transfer substrate, the undercoat layer or /
And when an adhesive layer is provided, and after the transfer to this, when providing the top coat layer on the transferred transfer layer, the thermoplastic resin constituting the transfer layer has a reactive functional group, and at least the transfer layer The top coat layer and the undercoat layer or the adhesive layer, which are the layers in contact with the front and back, contain a crosslinking agent in the resin main agent, and the reactive functional groups of the resin main agent or the crosslinking agent in these layers in contact with the transfer layer And a reactive functional group of the transfer layer so as to cause a chemical bond. As a result, the adhesion between the transfer layer and the front and back layers was improved, and both transfer to the uneven surface and excellent physical properties such as water resistance and solvent resistance were realized.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the curved surface transfer method of the present invention will be described below. First, FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. That is, a transfer sheet in which the transfer layer 2 is made of a thermoplastic resin is used as the transfer sheet S made of the support 1 and the transfer layer 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
The base material to be transferred B has an undercoat layer or /
And a base material treatment layer 3 composed of an adhesive layer and the like. Then, the transfer layer 2 side of the transfer sheet S is opposed to the uneven surface side of the base material treatment layer 3 on which the base material treatment layer 3 has already been provided [FIG. A large number of solid particles P collide against the side, and by utilizing the collision pressure, the transfer sheet S is pressed against the substrate B to be transferred, and the transfer sheet S is formed following the irregular surface of the substrate B to be transferred. The transfer sheet S is pressed against the base material B to be transferred (FIG. 1B). The adhesion of the transfer layer to the substrate to be transferred is performed by thermal fusion of at least a thermoplastic resin constituting the transfer layer. Then, after the transfer layer 2 of the transfer sheet is adhered to the transfer substrate B, the support 1 of the transfer sheet S is peeled off from the transfer substrate B, so that the transfer layer 2 The temporary decorative material D transferred (on the substrate treatment layer) of the uneven surface of B is obtained [FIG. 1 (C)]. Since the transfer layer is made of a thermoplastic resin, the transfer is performed with good shape followability to the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred.

Although the cosmetic material D may be used as it is, a top coat layer is further applied on the transfer layer after the transfer. On this occasion,
The undercoat layer or the adhesive layer and the top coat layer that are in contact with the back side of the transfer layer and serve as the base material treatment layer contain a crosslinking agent, and a resin having a reactive functional group is used as the thermoplastic resin of the transfer layer. The cross-linking agent in the layer that is in contact with the transfer layer on the front and back sides of the transfer layer is used to react with the reactive functional group of the transfer layer to form a chemical bond, and the transfer layer and these layers are integrated by a chemical bond. [FIG. 1 (D)]. The undercoat layer is, for example, a layer for the purpose of filling and improving adhesiveness.Chemical bonds such as covalent bonds have a larger binding energy than hydrogen bonds between polar groups expected to occur in general adhesion. ,
As a result, a much stronger interlayer adhesion can be realized. For this reason, the adhesion between the transfer layer and the front and back layers can be strengthened, and both transfer to the uneven surface and excellent physical properties such as water resistance, solvent resistance and heat resistance can be realized.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

[Substrate to be transferred] First, the substrate to be transferred B of the present invention can of course be applied to a flat surface to be transferred. In particular, the substrate to be transferred has three-dimensional irregularities. Conventional rotary contact holding jig
No. 1-5895) or a transfer roller made of rubber (see the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-13997) essentially has directionality due to the rotation axis thereof, and therefore, the applicable surface irregularity shape is limited. Be constrained. That is, the former is limited to two-dimensional irregularities having a curvature only in one axial direction, and the latter is capable of transferring to three-dimensional irregularities having a curvature in two axial directions, but the three-dimensional shape is in any direction. Cannot be applied homogeneously. For example, unless the longitudinal direction of the wood grain conduit pattern is parallel to the feed direction of the transfer sheet, it cannot be successfully transferred to the concave portion of the conduit. Moreover, in the latter case, the shape of the base material is practically limited to a flat plate shape, and otherwise, it is impossible unless a transfer roller having a special shape tailored to each base material shape is used. However, in the present invention, as described later, since the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that can behave fluidly is utilized, the planar direction of the pressure application region is essentially required for the three-dimensional shape of the surface irregularities. Do not have. (This directionality is the direction of the temporal position change of a point on the transfer-receiving substrate to which pressure is applied.) Therefore, a shape having irregularities in the transfer direction of the transfer sheet or the transfer-receiving substrate is considered. The substrate to be transferred may be used. In other words, it means that the present invention can be applied to two-dimensional unevenness having unevenness only in one direction such as only the feed direction or width direction, and three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in two directions such as both the feed direction and the width direction. The point that the collision pressure of the solid particles does not have any direction is that the ejector that ejects the solid particles is moved so that the sheet-by-sheet transfer sheet is placed on the substrate to be transferred and pressed into contact one by one. Alternatively, it can be easily understood by considering the manner in which the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate are moved with the ejector fixed to move the region to which the collision pressure is applied.

The substrate to be transferred is not limited to a flat plate material (having an envelope shape) as a whole, but has a two-dimensional unevenness whose cross section is convex or concave in an arc shape and curved in the feeding direction or width direction. The curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, it is possible to arbitrarily determine whether to transfer the two-dimensional irregularities such as the arc shape of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction, in consideration of workability and the like. Further, a transferred substrate having an uneven surface superimposed on large pattern unevenness and having fine unevenness, or a transferred substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the uneven surface is also possible. The large irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, as shown in FIG. 12B, the irregularities of the substrate to be transferred are composed of large irregularities 401 and 402 and minute irregularities 403 on the convex portions 402. The large irregularities have a step of 1 to 10 mm, the width of the concave is 1 to 10 mm, and the width of the convex is 5 mm or more. The fine irregularities are large irregularities in both the step and the width. Specifically, the step is about 0.1 to 5 mm, the width of the concave portion and the width of the convex portion are 0.1 mm or more, and is less than about １ ／ of the width of the convex portion having a large irregular shape. Specific examples of the uneven pattern of the decorative material having a combination of large irregularities and fine irregularities and having three-dimensional surface irregularities include, for example, tiles and bricks having joints and grooves as large irregularities. , Stones and other two-dimensional array patterns, and fine irregularities on the spray-painted surface such as stucco and lysine, as well as stones such as cleaved surfaces of granite and stone surfaces such as travertine marble boards Wood-grained uneven pattern with a contoured pattern, or a large-sized uneven pattern, such as a paneling pattern having grooves, grooves, saury, sane, etc., a floating wood grain pattern, and a conduit groove, a hairline, etc. as fine irregularities thereon Is mentioned. In addition, each surface which forms the uneven surface is not limited to a flat surface, may be a curved surface alone, or may be a combination of a flat surface and a curved surface. Therefore, the curved surface on the substrate to be transferred according to the present invention also means a concavo-convex surface having no curved surface composed of only a plurality of flat surfaces, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature in the present invention includes a case where the curvature is infinite (the radius of curvature = 0) which is angular like the periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube. In order to make the surface of the substrate to be transferred into a desired unevenness, a pressing process, an embossing process, an extrusion process, a cutting process, a forming process, or the like may be used.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
Non-porcelain ceramic plates such as calcium silicate plate, extruded cement plate, ALC (lightweight foamed concrete) plate, GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) plate, veneer veneer, wood plywood, particle board, or wood Wood plates such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), metal plates such as iron, aluminum and copper, ceramics such as ceramics and glass,
A resin molded product such as polypropylene, ABS resin, and phenol resin may be used. When a liquid is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid as described later, a substance that is insoluble and non-absorbable in the liquid is preferable. For example, a metal plate, a resin molded product, ceramics such as ceramics and glass, and the like are used.

[Undercoat layer]
An undercoat layer (base coat) can be provided.
The undercoat layer protects the substrate to be transferred (prevents seepage of moisture and the like from the outside), blocks outflow components (moisture, alkalis, plasticizers, etc.) from the inside of the substrate to be transferred, and fills irregularities and porous materials (Filler) smoothing (sealer layer), imparting concealment,
This layer is intended for at least one of decoration, improvement of adhesion to a transfer layer (e.g., an easily-adhesive primer layer), and absorption and relaxation of stress. The undercoat layer may be a layer that also serves as the function of the adhesive layer. When such an undercoat layer is provided with an adhesive layer thereon and then transferred by pressing the transfer sheet, that is, when the transfer sheet is not in direct contact with the transfer layer, an acrylic resin or a vinyl acetate resin is used. Ordinary thermoplastic resin such as may be used, but without providing an adhesive layer on the substrate to be transferred, when directly contacting with a transfer layer made of a thermoplastic resin having a reactive functional group, the undercoat layer, The point that high physical properties can be obtained after transfer by being composed of a resin main agent and a cross-linking agent, and having the resin main agent or the cross-linking agent have a reactive functional group that forms a chemical bond with a reactive functional group in the transfer layer. Is preferred. In order to make the undercoat layer a layer containing a reactive functional group that chemically bonds to the reactive functional group in the transfer layer, for example, the resin base material and the crosslinking agent are chemically bonded to each other and crosslinked.
It is preferable to use a liquid-curable resin and not to completely cure the resin, but to allow a partially unreacted crosslinking agent to remain when the transfer sheet is pressed. In this case, the undercoat layer itself becomes a cured resin layer having excellent durability due to intra-layer cross-linking, and the adhesion with the transfer layer becomes a strong one in which both layers are cross-linked by chemical bonding. Incidentally, even if a cross-linking agent that does not react with the thermoplastic resin is contained in a normal thermoplastic resin, the cross-linking agent can be chemically bonded to a reactive functional group of the thermoplastic resin in the transfer layer, In this case, the thermoplastic resin itself of the undercoat layer remains as a thermoplastic resin as it is, so that the undercoat layer itself also becomes a curable resin layer, so that the durability is excellent. The two-part curable resin specifically includes an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a urethane resin, a fluororesin, a vinyl chloride resin, a vinyl acetate resin having a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a mercapto group or the like as a reactive functional group. A composition in which a resin such as a resin is used as a main component and a compound having a reactive functional group having an isocyanate group, an epoxy group, or the like as a crosslinking agent is used. In order to leave at least a part of the cross-linking agent unreacted, the reaction of the cross-linking agent is suppressed as much as possible at the stage of forming the undercoat layer, and the reaction component with the reactive functional group with the transfer layer is left. Good to put. Alternatively, a method in which the cross-linking agent has an equivalent number larger than that of the reactive functional group in the resin base material that reacts with the cross-linking agent is also an effective means. Also,
When the undercoat layer is also used as an adhesive layer, it is preferable that the undercoat layer be plasticized by a certain degree of heating or the like so as to exhibit adhesiveness, and that the transfer layer adheres by pressing.

The isocyanate group-containing compound as the crosslinking agent includes aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates conventionally known in the field of polyurethane. For example, divalent isocyanates such as 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, and xylene diisocyanate, or , Desmoshur R (Ba
Yer, trade name of tolylene diisocyanate adduct), Desmosur L (Bayer, trade name of tolylene diisocyanate adduct), etc. 4 such as body polymer
And isocyanates having a valency or higher. Examples of the epoxy group-containing compound as the cross-linking agent include various conventionally known epoxy resins such as bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

In order to form the undercoat layer, when the unevenness of the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred is large, a coating method such as a roll coat using a soft rubber roller or a sponge roller, a flow coat, a spray coat or the like is preferable.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet S is composed of a support and a transfer layer that transfers and transfers. The transfer layer is made of a thermoplastic resin. This transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer. Further, an adhesive made of a thermoplastic resin may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer. It is also a preferable embodiment to use a resin having a reactive functional group as the thermoplastic resin constituting the transfer layer. In this embodiment, a cross-linking agent is contained in the top coat layer, the undercoat layer, or the adhesive layer that comes into contact with the front and back of the transfer layer after the transfer, and the reactive functional group and the cross-linking agent are chemically bonded. This is because the transfer layer and the layer in contact with the front and back sides can be integrated. When a liquid is used as the solid particle acceleration fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid, an insoluble substance for the liquid is used for the support and the transfer layer. For example, if the liquid is water, a water-soluble resin or the like is used.

(Support) If the substrate to be transferred is a two-dimensional uneven surface, the support is made of non-stretchable paper (however, if the solid particle accelerating fluid is a liquid, Although it is possible to select an insoluble material), the present invention using a thermoplastic resin for the transfer layer of the transfer sheet has stretchability at least at the time of transfer in order to apply it to a three-dimensional uneven surface that exhibits its true value. Use a support. Due to the stretchability, when the collision pressure of the solid particles is applied, the transfer sheet can be closely adhered and transferred to the inside of the concave portion on the surface of the transfer-receiving substrate. The stretchability of the entire transfer sheet is mainly governed by the stretchability of the support. Therefore, in addition to a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film, a rubber film that can be stretched even at normal temperature can be used as the support. In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, when forming a transfer layer such as a decorative layer, there is almost no stretchability, and during transfer, a sufficient stretchability is exhibited by heating, and after cooling, the deformed shape is maintained, and the shape due to elasticity is maintained. As a transfer sheet that does not cause restoration, a transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be prepared as easily as a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet. As a specific example of the support, in terms of stretchability, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, can provide sufficient and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions and the like depending on the surface unevenness. Because it can be expressed, curved surface transfer is possible, but low temperature, low pressure, easy to develop stretchability, for example, polybutylene terephthalate, or copolymer polyester film such as terephthalate isophthalate copolymer, polypropylene film, polyethylene Films, polyolefin-based films such as polymethylpentene films, low-stretch or non-stretch films such as polyvinyl chloride resin films and nylon films, and rubber (elastomer) films such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, urethane elastomers, and olefin-based elastomers Favorable support It is. The thickness of the support is usually from 20 to 200 μm.

When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, it is possible to use a resin film which swells but is insoluble with respect to the liquid in contact with the transfer. As an example of such a swellable and insoluble resin film, when water or an aqueous solution is used as a liquid, see JP-A-54-1.
No. 50208, JP-B-61-3276, etc. are polyvinyl alcohol-based films having an average degree of polymerization of 300 to 3000 and a degree of saponification of 65 to 97 m.
ol%, and a film having a thickness of 20 to 200 μm is typical. The support may be provided with a release layer on the transfer layer side, if necessary, in order to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. The release layer is removed together with the support from the transfer layer when the support is released. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used.

If an uneven pattern is provided on the surface of the support that is in contact with the transfer layer, the uneven pattern can be formed on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. The uneven pattern is, for example,
There are hairline, line-shaped groove, uneven pattern of cleavage face of granite, wood grain conduit groove, wood grain ring pattern, cloth texture surface texture, skin squeezing, characters, geometric pattern and so on. The uneven pattern may be formed by embossing, sandblasting, or hairline processing the resin sheet of the support by hot pressing, or by using an ink (2) using a resin having releasability as a binder on the support. A liquid-curable urethane, a silicone resin, or the like) to form a support having a shaping layer by embossing and printing the desired concavo-convex pattern by silk screen printing or the like. The shaping layer has the function of the release layer.

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer made of a thermoplastic resin is composed of at least a decorative layer,
An adhesive layer or the like may also be a component of the transfer layer. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer. The decorative layer is a conventionally known method such as gravure printing, silk screen printing, offset printing, etc., a layer formed partially or entirely on a picture layer printed with a picture or the like using a material,
Use the one that suits your application. A wood pattern, a stone pattern, a cloth pattern, a tile pattern, a brick pattern, a leather pattern, a character, a geometric pattern, a solid pattern, or the like is used as the pattern according to the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. The ink may be solvent-based or water-based. For the binder, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate resin, butyral resin, thermoplastic polyester resin,
A single thermoplastic resin such as a cellulose resin, a thermoplastic polyurethane resin, a fluororesin, a chlorinated polyolefin, or a mixture containing these is used. In addition, although it depends on the resin system, a thermoplastic resin having a glass transition temperature of about 50 to 90 ° C. is used so that the transfer sheet does not block when stored in a roll state and can sufficiently follow the elongation of the transfer sheet during transfer. preferable. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used.

Further, the release layer is used to adjust the releasability between the support or the release layer and the decorative layer, and to protect the surface of the decorative layer after transfer (when the top coat layer is not provided). ), Etc., are provided between these layers in the same manner as a conventionally known transfer sheet. For the release layer, for example, the thermoplastic resin mentioned as the binder resin for the ink for a picture layer is used. The release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate together with the decorative layer during transfer, and covers the surface of the decorative layer. Further, among the transfer layers, a layer which is on the surface side after transfer is provided with a top coat layer later, and at the time of coating the top coat layer, for the purpose of improving the adhesive force by seepage of the coating liquid, the extender pigment is used. May be added. As the extender, barium sulfate, silica, calcium carbonate or the like is used. The reactive functional group of the thermoplastic resin constituting the transfer layer as a release layer, a decoration layer, an adhesive layer, or the like includes, for example, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a mercapto group, an isocyanate group, and the like. Thermoplastic resins having these reactive functional groups,
A thermoplastic resin in which these reactive functional groups are introduced by modifying various thermoplastic resins or by copolymerization such as graft copolymerization using a copolymerizable monomer may be used. Further, as a means for easily removing air remaining between the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate at the time of transfer, a large number of small holes penetrating all layers of the transfer sheet may be formed in the transfer sheet as necessary. .

[Adhesive] The adhesive may be used as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or as an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred, before or immediately before transfer, by online coating or offline coating. Apply in. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. The adhesive used is
The liquid may be appropriately selected depending on the use, required physical properties, and the like.

When used as an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred, for example, a heat-sensitive adhesive, a moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, a hot-melt adhesive, a moisture-curable hot-melt adhesive, a two-component curable adhesive Various adhesives such as an adhesive, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive, a water-based adhesive, or a pressure-sensitive adhesive using an adhesive can be used. When water is used for the solid particle accelerating fluid, a moisture-curable adhesive or an aqueous adhesive should be avoided.
As the heat-sensitive adhesive, any of conventionally known heat-fusible adhesives using a thermoplastic resin (heat-sensitive adhesive) and thermosetting adhesives using a thermosetting resin can be used. . As the thermoplastic resin used for the heat-sealing adhesive,
For example, polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin,
A thermoplastic urethane resin, a polyamide resin obtained by condensation polymerization of dimer acid and ethylenediamine, and the like are used. As the thermosetting resin used for the thermosetting adhesive, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, a thermosetting urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like is used. However, from the viewpoint that the bonding is completed in a short time, a heat-fusion adhesive is preferable. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the undercoat layer has a decorative function consisting of a solid ink layer on the entire surface.

In the case where a resin having a reactive functional group is used as the thermoplastic resin in the transfer layer on the transfer sheet side, the adhesive used as the adhesive layer on the substrate to be transferred may be any of the various types listed above. In the adhesive of (1), the adhesive is composed of a resin main agent and a cross-linking agent, and an adhesive layer in which the resin main agent or the cross-linking agent has a reactive functional group chemically bonded to a reactive functional group in the transfer layer is provided. Is preferred. By doing so, the adhesive layer itself becomes a cured resin layer having excellent durability due to intra-layer cross-linking, and the adhesion to the transfer layer becomes a strong one in which both layers are cross-linked by chemical bonding. Examples of the cross-linking agent include a compound having an isocyanate group or an epoxy group as a reactive functional group of the cross-linking agent, or a melamine resin. Even if a normal thermoplastic resin contains a crosslinking agent that does not react with the thermoplastic resin, the crosslinking agent can be chemically bonded to the reactive functional group of the thermoplastic resin in the transfer layer. Since the thermoplastic resin itself of the adhesive layer remains as a thermoplastic resin as it is,
When the adhesive layer itself is also a curable resin layer, the durability is excellent. As such an adhesive, for example, a two-component curable adhesive in which a resin base material and a cross-linking agent are chemically bonded to each other and cross-linked can be used. Examples of the two-component curable resin include a resin such as an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a (thermoplastic) urethane resin, a fluororesin, a vinyl chloride resin, and a vinyl acetate resin, which are modified or used as a reactive functional group. A resin having a reactive functional group such as a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, or a mercapto group is used as a main agent by copolymerization such as graft copolymerization using a coalesced monomer, and the reaction is performed as a crosslinking agent. A composition in which a compound having a functional functional group having an isocyanate group or an epoxy group is mixed. Specific examples of such an adhesive include a two-component curable urethane resin and a melamine resin. In order to leave at least a part of the crosslinking agent unreacted,
In the step of forming the adhesive layer, it is preferable to suppress the reaction of the crosslinking agent as much as possible and to leave a reaction component between the transfer layer and the reactive functional group. Alternatively, a method in which the cross-linking agent has an equivalent number larger than that of the reactive functional group in the resin base material that reacts with the cross-linking agent is also an effective means.

Specific examples of the crosslinking agent include, for example, aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates conventionally known in the field of polyurethane as the isocyanate group-containing compound. For example, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate,
Isophorone diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalenediisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate,
Divalent isocyanates such as 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate and xylene diisocyanate; Trivalent isocyanates such as isocyanate adducts) and tetravalent or higher isocyanates such as trimer polymers of tolylene diisocyanate. Examples of the epoxy group-containing compound as the cross-linking agent include various conventionally known epoxy resins such as bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

Specific examples of the resin having a reactive functional group in the adhesive include, for example, polyols conventionally known in the polyurethane field as compounds having a hydroxyl group as the reactive functional group. Examples of the polyol include poly (ethylene adipate), poly (butylene adipate), poly (neopentyl adipate), poly (hexamethylene adipate), poly (butylene azelate), poly (butylene sebacate) and polycaprolactone. Polyol polyols such as polyester polyol, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, and poly (tetramethylene ether); polycarbonate polyols such as poly (butylene carbonate) and poly (hexamethylene carbonate); and acrylic polyols.

In the case of the adhesive of the composition comprising the above-mentioned polyisocyanate and polyol, a composition obtained by mixing these is used in an amount equivalent to an excess of isocyanate groups relative to hydroxyl groups, or is used without completing the reaction. For example, it is possible to form an adhesive layer in which an isocyanate group is left as a reactive functional group of a crosslinking agent that chemically bonds to a reactive functional group in the transfer layer. Alternatively, if the hydroxyl group is used in an excess equivalent number to the isocyanate group, an adhesive layer in which the hydroxyl group remains as a reactive functional group of the resin chemically bonded to the reactive functional group in the transfer layer can be formed.

Next, when an adhesive is used as the adhesive layer of the transfer layer, an adhesive made of a thermoplastic resin is used. For example, as the heat-sensitive adhesive, a heat-fusion adhesive (heat-melt adhesive) is used. Alternatively, an adhesive using a thermoplastic resin such as a hot-melt adhesive, a water-based adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive using an adhesive, or the like is used. When a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the adhesive layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer on the entire surface. As the heat-sensitive adhesive, polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer,
Conventionally known adhesives such as an acrylic resin, a thermoplastic polyester resin, a thermoplastic urethane resin, and a polyamide resin obtained by condensation polymerization of dimer acid and ethylenediamine can be used. Such an adhesive layer, after providing another adhesive layer or undercoat layer in advance on the substrate to be transferred,
When the transfer sheet is pressed against and transferred, and the adhesive layer or the undercoat layer on the side of the substrate to be transferred, which is in direct contact with the adhesive layer of the transfer layer, is a layer containing a resin main agent and a crosslinking agent. It is preferable to use a thermoplastic resin having a reactive functional group chemically bonded to a reactive functional group of the resin base or the cross-linking agent, since high physical properties can be obtained after transfer. In this case, the adhesive layer itself of the transfer layer becomes a cured resin layer having excellent durability due to intra-layer crosslinking, and the adhesion between the adhesive layer and the undercoat layer on the side of the substrate to be transferred is cross-linked by chemical bonding. The two layers are integrated into a solid structure. In this case, a thermoplastic resin having, for example, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a mercapto group, an isocyanate group, or the like as the reactive functional group is used as described above for the decoration layer and the like. Thermoplastic resins having these reactive functional groups may be modified thermoplastic resins in which these reactive functional groups are introduced by modifying various thermoplastic resins or by copolymerization such as graft copolymerization using a copolymerizable monomer. .

Incidentally, various additives may be further added to the above-mentioned various resins used for the adhesive applied to the base material to be transferred or the transfer sheet side, if necessary. Examples of these additives include calcium carbonate, barium sulfate,
An extender (filler) composed of fine powders such as silica and alumina, and a thixotropic agent such as organic bentonite (particularly when applied to a substrate to be transferred having a large uneven step, the adhesive flows from the convex portion to the concave portion. It is advisable to add it to prevent it.)

In order to apply the adhesive to a sheet such as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred, a solution (or dispersion) dissolved (or dispersed) in a solvent (or dispersion medium) such as water or an organic solvent depending on the kind of the adhesive is used. Or a dispersion liquid), or a thermoplastic composition that has been melted by heat, or an uncured resin that is liquid at room temperature is applied in the form of a solvent-free resin liquid (when applied to a substrate to be transferred). As a coating method, a solution coating by a gravure roll coat or the like, which is a conventionally known coating method, or a melt coating by an applicator or the like (melt coating).
It may be applied by law. If used without adding a diluting solvent,
No solvent drying is required. For example, a heat-sensitive adhesive is
Each can be used as a solventless hot melt adhesive. If the adhesive layer is on the transfer substrate side, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive or the like can be applied without a solvent. When used as a hot melt adhesive, it is solventless,
High-speed production is possible without solvent drying even immediately before transfer. The application amount of the adhesive varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the substrate to be transferred, and the surface condition, but is usually 10 to 200 g.
/ M ² (solid content). When the adhesive is applied to the substrate to be transferred, since the surface to be applied is an uneven surface, especially when the unevenness is large, a roll coat using a soft rubber roller or a sponge roller, a flow coat, a spray coat, etc. Is a preferred coating method. Also, if only the protrusions on the uneven surface are partially coated with a roll coat or the like, partial transfer in which the transfer layer is transferred only to the coated portion can be performed.

When the adhesive is used as a hot-melt adhesive, and when the transfer sheet is further modified to follow the irregular shape of the substrate to be transferred and transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is necessarily made of polypropylene. It is necessary to select a material exhibiting thermoplasticity or rubber elasticity at room temperature or in a heated state, such as a thermoplastic resin sheet such as a system resin. However, from another viewpoint, a material having low heat resistance should be selected for the support. Means that you don't get it. Therefore, when the adhesive is melt-coated to form a transfer sheet, when the adhesive layer is thickly applied, the support is softened by heat during the melt coating, and the adhesive is heated in an adhesive coating apparatus. The sheet may stick to the applicator roller and may be stretched, distorted, or entangled by dragging. Therefore, in such a case, the transfer sheet may be formed by applying an adhesive via a release sheet (separator) instead of directly applying the adhesive to the sheet by melt coating. That is, the adhesive is heated and melt-coated on a release sheet having heat resistance and release properties, and then the release sheet and the sheet to be the transfer sheet are temporarily laminated by a nip roller or the like with the applied adhesive. Then, by peeling only the release sheet from the sheet by a peeling roller or the like,
The transfer sheet having the adhesive layer formed thereon can be obtained by reducing heat damage to the sheet. The release sheet does not need to be stretchable. A heat-resistant resin sheet such as biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate sheet, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, or polyimide, or paper is used as a base material. For example, a conventionally known release sheet subjected to a release treatment by such coating can be used. The thickness of the release sheet is usually about 50 to 200 μm.

In addition, when a heat-sensitive adhesive such as a heat-melting adhesive is used as the adhesive, the timing for heating to activate and heat-bond the adhesive is before applying the collision pressure, during the application of the collision pressure,
Alternatively, it may be before or during the application of the collision pressure.
The heating of the adhesive is performed by heating the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred. Materials to which adhesive has been applied (transfer sheet and substrate to be transferred)
May be heated, the material on the side where the adhesive is not applied may be heated, or both materials may be heated. Further, for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles or a fluid for accelerating the solid particles may be used as the heating fluid. On the other hand, if the transfer sheet follows the surface shape of the substrate to be transferred and is formed, and the adhesive is sufficiently activated, cooling of the adhesive may be promoted by cooling means such as cold air. Cold air is blown from the transfer sheet side or the transfer-receiving substrate side. In the present invention,
As this cold air, part or all of the cooling gas blown to the transfer sheet support side for removing solid particles is also used. In addition, cooling solid particles and cooling fluid can also be used as cooling means. The promotion of cooling also prevents the transfer sheet formed following the inside of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the transfer-receiving substrate from returning to the case where there is a restoring force after releasing the collision pressure.

[Top Coat Layer] A transparent top coat layer may be coated on the surface of the decorative material after the transfer in order to impart durability or a design feeling. Examples of paints for forming such a top coat layer include fluorine resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, silicone resins, acrylic silicone resins, polyester resins, and alkyd resins. Alternatively, a paint using one or more of two-component curable resin such as urethane resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin or the like as a binder resin or an inorganic paint composed of siloxane or the like is used. When a resin having a reactive functional group is used as the thermoplastic resin of the transfer layer, the top coat layer is composed of a resin base material and a crosslinking agent, and the reactive functional group in the transfer layer is used. It is preferable that the resin main agent or the cross-linking agent has a reactive functional group that forms a chemical bond with the group, since the layer has high durability and high physical properties such as surface physical properties. By doing so, the top coat layer itself becomes a cured resin layer having excellent durability due to intra-layer cross-linking, and the adhesion with the transfer layer becomes a strong one in which both layers are cross-linked by chemical bonding and integrated. As a crosslinking agent,
A compound having an isocyanate group, an epoxy group, a hydroxyl group, or the like as the reactive functional group, a melamine resin, or the like is used. For example, a paint made of a two-component curable resin, such as a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or a melamine resin, which is crosslinked by a chemical bond between a resin base and a crosslinking agent is used. Examples of the compound having an isocyanate group or an epoxy group include the compounds listed for the undercoat layer and the adhesive described above. And, among the above-mentioned resins, in the thermoplastic resin, it is also possible to use a paint using a composition to which these cross-linking agents are added, but in this case, the thermoplastic resin remains as it is as a thermoplastic resin, so that it is preferable. Having a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a mercapto group or the like as a reactive functional group, an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a urethane resin,
A coating material is used which uses a thermoplastic resin such as a fluororesin, a vinyl chloride resin, or a vinyl acetate resin as a main component, and a compound obtained by mixing a compound having an isocyanate group, an epoxy group, or the like as a crosslinking agent. The cross-linking agent has a larger equivalent number than the reactive functional group capable of reacting with the cross-linking agent in the top coat layer in order to chemically bond with the reactive functional group in the transfer layer.

In the paint used for the top coat layer, if necessary, an ultraviolet absorber such as benzotriazole or ultrafine cerium oxide, a light stabilizer such as a hindered amine radical scavenger, a coloring pigment, an extender pigment, A lubricant or the like may be added. Coating is spray coating, flow coating,
A roll coat using a soft rubber roll or a sponge roll is used. The thickness of the top coat layer is 1 to 100 μm
It is about. (Hereafter, following the next document file)

[Solid Particles] As the solid particles P, glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, alundum beads,
Non-metallic inorganic particles that are inorganic powders such as corundum beads,
Iron, carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum,
Or metal particles such as metal alloys such as aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium and zinc, or fluorine resin beads, nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads,
Organic particles such as resin beads such as crosslinked rubber beads can be used. When liquid water is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, the solid particles are preferably non-metals such as stainless beads, glass beads, ceramic beads, and resin beads that do not rust or corrode with water. The shape is preferably spherical, but spheroidal, polyhedral, scaly, amorphous, and other shapes can also be used. The particle size of the solid particles is usually about 10 to 1000 μm.

Incidentally, the solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. When heated solid particles are used, the activation of the adhesive by heating and the promotion of crosslinking and curing thereof, or the improvement of the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet can be performed together with the pressing of the transfer sheet. In this case, the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred may be heated to some extent by another heating method before the application of the collision pressure. For the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after the heated solid particles collide with the cooled solid particles.
In addition, the transfer sheet, the base material to be transferred, the adhesive, etc., which need to be heated by another heating method, are sufficiently heated, and the cooling solid particles are used for the formation, adhesion and cooling of the transfer sheet. It can be done at the same time. In order to cool or cool the solid particles, when the storage of the solid particles is stored in a tank such as a hopper or the like, a heating means, a cooling means, or the like provided by an electric heater, heated steam, or a refrigerant provided in the tank or on the outer wall of the tank. You can do it in Further, these means may be provided on the outer wall of the solid particle transport pipe, and heating or cooling may be performed in the transport pipe. Alternatively, when a fluid is used for accelerating the solid particles, a cooled or heated fluid may be used to cool or heat the solid particles by heat conduction from the fluid. In this case, by causing the fluid to collide with the transfer sheet, the fluid can be used as a heating or cooling unit together with the solid. Alternatively, when the fluid is a liquid and a tank for storing solid particles together with the liquid is used, the solid particles and the liquid may be cooled and heated during storage.

[Application of Impact Pressure by Solid Particles] In order to strike the solid particles against the transfer sheet and apply the impact pressure to press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, the solid particles are ejected from the solid particle ejection means for ejecting the solid particles. The particles are ejected toward the transfer sheet, and an impact pressure is applied to the transfer sheet. As the solid particle ejecting means, for example, an ejector using a rotating impeller or an ejector using an ejection nozzle is used as a particle accelerator. The ejector using the impeller accelerates and ejects solid particles by rotation of the impeller. The ejector using the ejection nozzle accelerates and transports solid particles with a high-speed fluid flow using a solid particle acceleration fluid, and ejects the solid particles together with the fluid. Sandblasting, shot blasting, shot peening and the like used in the blasting field can be used for the impeller and the blowing nozzle. For example, a centrifugal blast device is used for the impeller, and a pressurized or suction blast device, a wet blast device, or the like is used for the blowing nozzle. The centrifugal blast device accelerates and ejects solid particles by the rotational force of the impeller. A pressurized blasting device ejects solid particles together with air while being mixed with compressed air. The suction-type blast device sucks solid particles into a negative pressure portion generated by a high-speed flow of compressed air, and ejects the solid particles together with the air. The wet blast device mixes and ejects solid particles with a liquid. In addition to the blowing nozzle and the impeller, a method of accelerating solid particles using free fall due to gravity, a method of accelerating magnetic particles by a magnetic field, and the like can be adopted as the solid particle ejecting means. is there. In the case of an impeller, a gravitational force, and a magnetic field ejecting means using a magnetic field, the solid particles can be ejected toward the transfer sheet in a vacuum.

[Impeller] FIGS. 2 to 5 show conceptual diagrams of an example of an impeller that can be used as a particle accelerator of an ejector. These correspond to centrifugal blasting devices used in the blasting field. In the drawing, the impeller 812 has a plurality of blades 813 fixed on both sides by two side plates 814, and a rotation center portion is a hollow portion 815 without the blades 813. Further, the direction controller 8 is provided in the hollow portion 815.
16 are inherent. The direction controller 816 has an opening 817 that is partially open in the circumferential direction, has a hollow cylindrical shape, and has the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812, and rotates independently of the impeller. It is free. When the impeller is actually used, the opening is fixed in an appropriate direction. Further, inside the directional controller, another impeller, which is hollow inside and has the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812, is provided as a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 4). The spreader 818 rotates with the outer impeller 812. A rotation shaft 819 is fixed to the center of rotation of the side plate 814.
The impeller 812 is rotatably supported by a bearing 820 and driven and rotated by a rotation power source (not shown) such as an electric motor. The rotating shaft 819 has a blade 813 between them.
It does not penetrate between the side plates 814 and forms a space without a shaft. Then, the solid particles P are supplied into the sprayer 818 from a hopper or the like through a transport pipe. Normal,
The solid particles are supplied from above (directly or obliquely above) the impeller. The solid particles supplied into the sprayer are scattered outward by the impeller of the sprayer. The scattered solid particles are emitted only in the direction allowed by the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 and supplied between the blades 813 of the outer impeller 812. Then, it collides with the impeller 813, is accelerated by the rotational force of the impeller 812, and ejects from the impeller.

The ejection direction of the solid particles is shown in FIGS.
, But may be horizontal or obliquely downward (not shown) as shown in FIG. FIGS. 5A and 5B are conceptual diagrams of ejection direction control for adjusting the ejection direction of solid particles by setting the direction of the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 (FIGS. 5A and 5B). In), the direction controllers are each fixed in the position shown). Note that the direction controller 816 can also adjust the ejection amount of the solid particles by adjusting the size of the opening in the circumferential direction and the width direction. In FIG. 3, the rotating shaft 819 is connected to the side plate 81.
4 and does not penetrate to the hollow portion 815, but in addition, a rotating shaft smaller than the diameter of the hollow portion may be penetrated to the hollow portion, or an opening for passing solid particles through the outer periphery. A configuration may be adopted in which the inside of the hollow cylindrical rotary shaft provided with the portion is a hollow portion (not shown). The shape of the blade 813 is typically a rectangular flat plate (a rectangular parallelepiped) as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. , Select according to purpose. The number of blades is usually selected from a range of 2 to 10 blades. Impeller shape, number, rotation speed,
And the combination of the mass and supply speed and supply direction of the solid particles, the supply direction and the opening size and direction of the directional controller, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density,
Adjust the divergence angle etc.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the impeller. The impeller 812a shown in the drawing has a structure in which a plurality of flat blades 813a are fixed on both sides by two side plates 814a. Usually, the solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller. Also, the side plate 814
a also regulates the jetting direction in the width direction with respect to the rotating shaft 819a. By adjusting the shape, the number, the rotation speed, the mass of the solid particles, the supply speed and the supply direction of the impellers, the direction of the ejection (spout) of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density, the ejection diffusion angle, etc. are adjusted. . The ejection direction of the solid particles can be vertically downward (not shown), horizontal (FIG. 6), obliquely downward (not shown), or the like. In addition, the above-described impeller 81
2, 812a, etc., if necessary,
By providing an ejection guide (not shown) that opens only the ejection and extraction portion of solid particles and covers the periphery of the other impeller,
The ejection direction of the solid particles can be aligned, and the ejection direction of the solid particles can be controlled. The shape of the opening of the ejection guide is, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, or the like. The ejection guide may have a single opening, or may have an interior partitioned into a honeycomb shape.

The dimensions of the impellers such as the impellers 812 and 812a are usually about 5 to 60 cm in diameter, and the width of the impeller is 5 to 20c.
m, the length of the impeller is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is about 500-5000 [rpm]. The ejection speed of the solid particles is about 10 to 50 [m / s], and the projection density is about 10 to 150 [kg / m ² ].

The material of the blades of the impeller may be appropriately selected from ceramics, metals such as steel, high chromium cast steel, titanium, and titanium alloy. Since the solid particles are accelerated upon contact with the blade, it is preferable to use a high chromium cast steel or ceramic having good wear resistance for the blade.

[Blowing Nozzle] FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a blowing device 840 using a blowing nozzle as a solid particle blowing means for blowing solid particles together with a fluid. Note that the ejector 840 shown in the figure uses gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid,
It is an example of an ejector in a form in which the gas and the solid particles are mixed and ejected when the solid particles are ejected. The ejector 840 shown in the figure includes an induction chamber 841 for mixing the solid particles P and the fluid F, and an induction chamber 8
The nozzle 41 includes an internal nozzle 842 for ejecting the fluid F into the nozzle 41, and an ejection nozzle 844 for ejecting the solid particles P and the fluid F from the nozzle opening 843. Compressor or blower (not shown)
Fluid F sent from a pressure tank (not shown)
Is ejected from the nozzle 844 of the nozzle 844 by jetting from the internal nozzle 842 through the induction chamber 841, a negative pressure is created by the action of the fluid flow flowing at high speed in the induction chamber 841 in the ejector. The negative pressure guides and mixes the solid particles into the fluid flow, accelerates and transports the solid particles with the fluid flow,
44 is ejected together with the fluid flow from the nozzle opening 843. It should be noted that the blowing nozzle includes a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid. For liquids,
For example, a pump (not shown, when the fluid is a liquid) mixes and stores the fluid and the solid particles in a pressurized tank (not shown), and ejects the mixed solution from the nozzle opening of the blowing nozzle. used.

As the shape of the nozzle opening, a hollow cylindrical shape, polygonal column shape, conical shape, polygonal pyramid shape, fish tail shape or the like is used. The blowing nozzle may have a single opening, or may have an inside partitioned into a honeycomb shape. Fluid pressure is spraying pressure, usually 0.1-100k
g / cm ² . The flow velocity of the fluid flow is usually about 1 to 20 m / sec for the liquid flow, and is usually about 5 to 80 m / sec for the air flow. The material of the ejector such as the induction chamber and the nozzle portion may be appropriately selected from ceramics, steel, titanium, titanium alloy and the like according to the type of fluid. Since the solid particles pass through the inner wall of the ejector, when metal beads or inorganic particles are used as the solid particles, the particles are hard, and therefore, a ceramic having good wear resistance is preferably used. If the fluid is a liquid,
Select a material that does not cause rust, dissolution, corrosion, etc. For example, if the fluid is water, stainless steel, titanium, a titanium alloy, a synthetic resin, or ceramic is used. However, steel or the like may be used if the surface is waterproofed.

[Fluid] The fluid F is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid when the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow and the solid particles are ejected together with the fluid from the solid particle ejecting means (eg, an ejection nozzle). . The fluid F is a solid particle acceleration fluid for accelerating the solid particles. As the fluid, both gas and liquid can be used, but usually, gas which is easy to handle is used. Air is a typical gas, but carbon dioxide,
Nitrogen or the like may be used. Although the liquid is not necessarily limited, water is one of the preferred materials because of its nonflammability, ease of drying, non-toxicity, low cost, availability, and the like. In addition,
Nonflammable liquids such as chlorofluorocarbon, glycerin, and silicone oil can also be used. A liquid (as well as a gas) can be impinged on the transfer sheet along with the solid particles. Naturally, liquid has a higher density than gas, so liquid is easier to accelerate when solid particles are accelerated by a fluid flow than gas, and when liquid collides with a transfer sheet, Even at the same collision speed, the collision pressure is higher than that of gas and a practical collision pressure can be obtained. (Since the difference in density from the solid particles is small, the solid particles can be easily transported.) Therefore, in the case of a liquid, in addition to the collision pressure of the solid particles, the collision pressure of the liquid can be used as the transfer pressure. A transfer pressure can be applied, and as a result, a large effect can be obtained by molding the transfer sheet by following the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. Further, when a fluid is used as the heating or cooling means when the collision pressure is applied, the liquid has a higher specific heat than the gas, so that a greater heating or cooling effect can be obtained. In addition, when the liquid is an electric conductor such as water, explosion-proof measures against electrostatic charging are easier than in the case of a gas.

[Collision Pressure Applied Form] Although only one jetting device can be used depending on the area of the collision pressure applying area, if the required area is large, a plurality of ejectors are used to eject solid particles colliding with the transfer sheet. Preferably, the collision area has a desired shape. For example, a plurality of rows are arranged in a straight line in the width direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving base material to form a wide and band-shaped collision region in the width direction. Alternatively, the arrangement of the ejectors 32 in FIG. 8A is a staggered arrangement, and FIG. 8B is arranged in a row, but the center in the width direction is arranged so as to collide on the upstream side in the feed direction. It is. FIG.
In the arrangement (B), the pressing of the transfer sheet against the transfer-receiving substrate by the collision pressure starts from the center in the width direction and is sequentially pressed toward both ends in the width direction. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet from closely adhering to the transfer-receiving substrate while holding the air in the center in the width direction. When a plurality of ejectors are arranged in the width direction as shown in FIG. 8, it is preferable that the pressurizing regions of the individual ejectors partially overlap each other and are arranged so that the ejectors can be pressurized without fail over the entire width. FIG. 8B shows an example of such an arrangement. In the figure, the dotted line indicates the pressure area. In addition, in order to lengthen the collision pressure application time,
It is preferable that the ejectors are arranged in two or more rows in the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred.

Further, it is not always necessary to make the collision pressure all uniform in the collision area. FIG. 9 is a setting example of a mountain-shaped pressure distribution in which the center portion in the width direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the transfer sheet has the maximum collision pressure, and the collision pressure decreases toward both ends in the width direction. This setting assists the pressure welding to proceed in a stepwise manner from a place where the pressure is high (the center part in the figure) to a place where the pressure is low (the both sides in the figure). However, when the pressure distribution is as shown in FIG. 9, the impact pressure on the transfer-receiving substrate is such that the transfer onto the desired uneven surface can be completely performed, the transfer sheet is distorted due to excessive pressure, and the transfer Adjust so that it is all within the appropriate pressure range that does not cause deformation or breakage of the material. In the curved surface transfer method using a rubber transfer roller, if the diameter of the center portion of the transfer roller is increased, the center portion can be strengthened in terms of pressure, but the circumferential length differs between the center portion and both end portions. Contact is applied and pressure is applied, so that the transfer sheet cannot be fed uniformly. The collision pressure is adjusted by controlling the speed of the solid particles colliding from the ejector with the transfer sheet, the number of colliding solid particles per unit time, the projection amount, and the mass of one particle. Of these, to adjust the speed of solid particles,
For example, in the case of an ejector using an impeller, adjustment is performed by the rotation speed of the impeller, the diameter of the impeller, and the like. In the case of an ejector using an ejection nozzle, the opening and closing amount of a valve, the size of the inner diameter of a pipe for conveying solid particles connected to the valve, the fluid pressure (fluid By controlling the velocity of the ejected solid particles and the flow of the fluid, the adjustment is performed by controlling the single particles or the mixture of the fluid and the solid particles.

[Method of arranging ejector with respect to substrate to be transferred]
In the case of an ejector using an impeller, the ejection direction of solid particles does not spread in principle in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the impeller, but tends to spread in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. On the other hand, in the case of the blowing nozzle, the spread of the ejected solid particles is smaller than that in the case of the ejector using the impeller, and even if it spreads, it is usually uniform and isotropic in any direction. The arrangement of the ejectors may be determined in consideration of such characteristics of the ejectors. However, when the size of the desired collision area cannot be achieved with one ejector, a plurality of ejectors may be used. Like this
When a plurality of ejectors are arranged with respect to the surface to be transferred of the substrate to be transferred, each ejector is parallel to the substrate to be transferred, and the ejection direction of each ejector is in the normal direction of the substrate to be transferred. The basic arrangement is as follows. This is because such a parallel arrangement allows the solid particles to collide perpendicularly to the envelope surface of the surface to be transferred of the substrate to be transferred, and basically allows the collision pressure to be used most effectively. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, if the envelope surface (the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the transport direction) of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving base material B is a cylindrical convex curved surface having a circular shape, a plurality of ejectors can be used. 32, and the direction of the ejector is set so that the direction of the ejector is close to the individual collision surface (tangent plane of the convex curved surface) which each ejector mainly serves so that the solid particles collide almost perpendicularly. It is good to arrange in the normal direction of the envelope surface. In this manner, the ejector may be arranged so that the ejecting direction of the ejector is such that the solid particles collide as perpendicularly as possible according to the uneven shape of the target substrate to be transferred. However, the direction of the ejector need not necessarily be perpendicular to the side surface of the transfer sheet support. Further, a large number of ejectors may be provided, and some ejectors may be stopped depending on the substrate to be transferred.

[One Form of Continuous Transfer Using Chamber] When solid particles are actually used, as described above, it is preferable that the solid particles are not scattered in the surrounding atmosphere and are circulated and reused. . Then, next, as one mode of the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, FIG. 11 shows a conceptual diagram of an example of a curved surface transfer device that performs continuous transfer while preventing scattering and circulating reuse of solid particles by using a chamber. The present invention will be described in further detail.

The apparatus shown in the figure is an apparatus which uses a long transfer sheet S to successively and successively transfer a decorative layer and the like to a flat substrate B having an uneven surface. The apparatus includes a substrate transporting device 10 that transports a substrate to be transferred B as a substrate transporting device, a sheet feeding device 20 that feeds a transfer sheet S as a sheet feeding device, and solid particles P in a chamber 33. A collision pressure application unit 30 is a collision pressure application unit that ejects a jet from an ejection unit 32 that is a particle ejection unit, collides with a support side of a transfer sheet to sequentially apply a collision pressure, and presses the transfer sheet against a transfer target substrate. Is provided. The ejector 32 uses, for example, the above-described impeller. Chamber 33
Except for the entrance of the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred, except for the transfer sheet and the base material to be exposed to the collision pressure, at least the opening of the ejector is covered from the outside, and the solid particles are not leaked into the outside working atmosphere. Like that. For this reason, the pressure inside the chamber is preferably lower than that outside (negative pressure).
I do.

Further, in the apparatus shown in the figure, a sheet heating device 40 composed of a heating roller for heating a transfer sheet is provided upstream of the chamber, and a substrate heating device 41 for heating a substrate to be transferred is provided upstream of the chamber. A substrate coating device 50 for appropriately applying an adhesive or a base coat to the substrate is provided on the upstream side of the substrate heating device, the peeling roller 60 is provided on the downstream side of the chamber, and the chamber downstream side is provided on the upstream side of the peeling roller. Removal device 70 for blowing off solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet (cooling device 7 by air cooling)
0).

First, in the apparatus shown in the figure, a plate-shaped substrate to be transferred B is transported one by one by a substrate transporting device 10 comprising a row of driving rotary rollers and the like. An adhesive layer is applied and formed on desired portions. If the coating liquid contains a solvent, the substrate to be transferred and the adhesive are heated by the next substrate heating device 41, and the evaporated components are evaporated and dried. Note that a plurality of the substrate coating devices 50 and the substrate heating devices 41 may be connected to each other, and the coating of the undercoat layer and the adhesive layer may be continuously performed simultaneously with the transfer. Then, the substrate to be transferred B
After being heated by the heating device 41, it is conveyed and supplied into the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30. At this time, when a crosslinking agent is contained in the undercoat layer or the adhesive layer formed on the transfer-receiving substrate, the heating is performed so that the crosslinking agent does not completely react and remains.

The transfer sheet S is tensioned by a sheet feeding device 20 including a sheet feeding device 21, a temporary fixing roller 22, a sheet discharging device 23, and the like.
After being unwound from a supply roll set in 1 and heated by a heating roller as a sheet heating device 40, a temporary fixing roller 2 made of an elastic roller such as rubber or sponge is used.
2, after being pressed against the substrate to be transferred heated by the heating device 41 and contacted and temporarily fixed at least at the convex portion thereof,
It enters the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30. In the case where the adhesive is applied to the transfer sheet at the time of transfer, while the transfer sheet reaches the sheet heating device 40 from the sheet feeding device 21,
If the adhesive is applied by an adhesive coating device (not shown) and further drying with a solvent is required, after drying the drying device (not shown),
It is supplied to the collision pressure applying unit.

The transfer sheet is heated and softened by the transfer substrate heated by the sheet heating device 40 and the substrate heating device 41 before the impact pressure is applied, and is easily stretched when the impact pressure is applied. .

On the other hand, the solid particles P are supplied from the hopper 31 to the ejection device 32 in the chamber 33, where they are accelerated by the impeller shown in FIGS. I do. Then, the transfer sheet is exposed to collision of solid particles ejected from the ejector.
The change in the momentum of the solid particles per unit time at the time of collision is the collision pressure for pressing the transfer sheet against the transfer-receiving substrate. Here, since the envelope surface of the substrate to be transferred is substantially flat,
The main component of the solid particles collides substantially perpendicularly to the support side of the transfer sheet is the main component, and the entire width in which the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet are conveyed is the collision area. Then, as the transfer base material and the transfer sheet are conveyed, the entire region in the longitudinal direction is sequentially exposed to the collision pressure. And the transfer sheet is
The transfer sheet is pressed against the substrate to be transferred by the impact pressure of solid particles, and the transfer sheet is also extended and deformed into the concave portions of the surface of the substrate to be transferred. Then, the transfer layer is brought into close contact with the substrate to be transferred by the activated adhesive. The substrate to which the transfer sheet is in close contact is cooled by cooling or the like before the impact pressure is released and before the transfer sheet comes out of the chamber.

On the other hand, the solid particles that have been subjected to the collision with the transfer sheet partially fall to the lower portion of the chamber 33 bypassing both ends of the transfer sheet. Further, after the remaining portion is transported to the downstream side while being placed on the transfer sheet support, it enters the second chamber 71 which is separated from the chamber 33 only in the upper part of the substrate transfer device 10 by a separate chamber. Then, there is a slit nozzle-shaped removing device (cum cooling device) 7.
Air is blown from 0 onto the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred, and solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet are blown down from the end of the transfer sheet to the lower portion of the second chamber 71. Air at room temperature is used as the air blown out from the removing device 70, and the air is used as cold air to cool the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet to a temperature at which the support of the transfer sheet can be peeled at the same time as the solid particles are removed. Let it. Therefore, the removing device also plays a role of a cooling device for the transfer sheet, the adhesive, the substrate to be transferred, and the like. The solid particles collected in the lower part of the chamber are sucked from there by the drain tube 34 and collected in the original hopper 31. The air in the chamber for collecting and transporting the solid particles is also sucked by the drain tube 34 together with the solid particles, and is transported to the airflow and solid particle separation device 35 above the hopper. The separation device 35
As shown in the figure, the solid particles that have been conveyed by the airflow are discharged into the device cavity in the horizontal direction, and the solid particles having a high density relative to the gas fall down under their own weight, and the gas flows horizontally as it is, The remaining solid particles that are going to move with the airflow are filtered by the filter, and then discharged out of the system by the vacuum pump 36. In this way, the solid particles are prevented from flowing out to the surroundings together with air from the chamber entrance opening through which the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred enter and exit. Further, in order to prevent the solid particles from flowing out of the chamber system and to prevent the solid particles from flowing back from the chamber to the hopper, it is preferable that the pressure in the chamber be lower than that of the outside. The pressure of the chamber is adjusted by adjusting the exhaust amount of the vacuum pump 36, the amount of gas flowing out of the chamber due to the exhaust amount and the like by connecting an exhaust fan (not shown) to the chamber, and the solid particles from the ejector. The amount of gas entering the chamber (especially in the case of an ejector such as a blowing nozzle using gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid), and the amount of gas entering the chamber by connecting a blower (not shown) as appropriate to the chamber (particularly, This is done by adjusting the balance with the impeller (in the case of an impeller using an impeller).

When a blowing nozzle using liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid is used as an ejector, a dryer is provided separately above or downstream from the cooling device, or also as the cooling device itself. The liquid is dried or blown off by blowing air at room temperature or warm air to remove it. When using an ionizing radiation-curable resin for the adhesive or the like and curing, an ionizing radiation irradiating device such as a mercury lamp (ultraviolet light source) is provided between the ejector and the peeling roller to cure at least to the extent that it can be peeled off.

The adhered transfer substrate and the transfer sheet are removed from the transfer sheet by a peeling roller 60 after the transfer sheet (support) is removed by solid removal and forced cooling by the removing device 70. Remove. As a result, first, the decorative material D is obtained in a state where a decorative layer or the like is transferred and formed as a transfer layer of the transfer sheet on the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred. on the other hand,
The transfer sheet that has passed through the peeling roller (the support) is taken up by a sheet discharge device 23 as a discharge roll.

Further, in order to provide a top coat layer on the surface of this cosmetic agent D, the top coat layer is formed by applying a coating device (not shown) provided on another line or on the same line. And, as the thermoplastic resin constituting the transfer layer, a resin having a reactive functional group is used, and the top coat layer in contact with the transfer layer, and the adhesive layer or the undercoat layer provided on the transfer-receiving substrate side. When a cross-linking agent that chemically bonds with the reactive functional group is contained, the cross-linking agent and the reactive functional group in the transfer layer undergo a chemical reaction by leaving at room temperature and curing by heating. And a process of integrating the transfer layer and the front and back layers is performed to obtain a final decorative material.

[Method of heating adhesive or the like when using chamber]
As described above, as an embodiment of the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, an example of the curved surface transfer method in which solid particles collide in a chamber has been described. The heating method will be further described.

The transfer sheet may be heated by any means. For example, heater heating, infrared heating,
Dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, or the like is used. The apparatus shown in FIG. 11 is an example in which the heating before the application of the collision pressure is performed on the upstream side outside the chamber 33. Sheet heating device 4 by induction heating, hot air heating, etc.
It may be heated at 0. However, in the case where heating is performed in the chamber and hot air heating is used as the heating means (the same applies to heating of a substrate to be transferred, which will be described later), it is better to reduce the amount of blowing air. This will cause air to enter the chamber, increase the load on the vacuum pump for collecting solid particles, including using air for accelerating solid particles, and disrupt the flow of solid particles. It is. In addition to the sheet heating performed outside the chamber 33 as illustrated in FIG. 11, the sheet heating may be performed inside the chamber or both inside and outside the chamber. Heating may be performed from any of the back side, front side, and front and back sides of the transfer sheet. In addition, sheet heating, if it has interfered with the conveyance of the sheet by heating softening,
It is preferable that the transfer sheet, which is wider than the base material to be transferred, be conveyed while being supported, for example, by sandwiching both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet with a rotating belt or the like. Next, in the heating means during the application of the collision pressure, when a heated solid particle or a fluid for accelerating solid particles is used, the heated fluid can also be used. Further, heating may be performed by providing a heat source dispersed in the gap between the ejectors. Of course, heating during and before the application of the collision pressure can be used together,
In some cases, only heating during the application of the collision pressure is performed.

If an undercoat layer or an adhesive layer is applied to the substrate to be transferred and the solvent is heated and dried by the substrate heating device 41 or the like, the substrate to be transferred is heated and then heated. The transfer sheet can also be heated to some extent indirectly from the substrate to be transferred. Therefore, even when heating of the transfer sheet is necessary, if the indirect heating from the transfer-receiving substrate or the heating by the solid particles or the solid particle accelerating fluid is sufficient, the sheet heating device dedicated to the transfer sheet is omitted. Can also.

Next, the substrate to be transferred may be heated before the collision pressure is applied, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. By heating the transfer-receiving substrate, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the temperature of the heated transfer sheet when the transfer sheet is heated to improve the stretchability. Further, the transfer sheet can be heated from the side of the substrate to be transferred. The substrate to be transferred may be heated outside or inside the chamber, or outside and inside. External and internal heating can be accomplished using long transport distances, even when sufficient preheating is required. If the internal volume of the chamber itself becomes large in order to provide a long substrate heating device inside the chamber, it is better to provide a part or all of the substrate heating device outside the chamber and reduce the internal volume of the chamber. However, it is advantageous in terms of handling in consideration of scattering and recovery of solid particles. The advantage of heating inside the chamber is that it can be heated just before the collision pressure is applied, or even during the application of the collision pressure. Particularly, it is intended to effectively preheat the transfer substrate having a large heat capacity only in the vicinity of the transfer surface. And so on. In addition, in the case of a substrate heating device that also has a role of evaporating a solvent or moisture in order to dry the coating and the adhesive by the substrate coating device disposed on the upstream side, it is preferable that the substrate heating device be disposed inside the chamber. Absent. A means for exhausting the evaporated solvent or moisture filled in the chamber is required, and in the case of a solvent, it is necessary to consider explosion-proof measures. The substrate heating device for such purpose is
Even if it is arranged outside or inside the chamber, it is preferable to separately arrange a substrate heating device (drying furnace) for evaporation outside. Of course, if the application of the undercoat layer is performed on a separate line, it is not necessary to use the substrate heating device as a drying device. As a heating means for the transfer-receiving substrate, induction heating and dielectric heating can be heated from the inside of the substrate.
As for the heater heating, infrared heating and hot air heating, heating from the uneven surface side is efficient. The substrate to be transferred may also be heated from the back side. If the substrate to be transferred is heated to just before or during the application of the collision pressure after the substrate to be transferred is conveyed to the opening of the chamber, the heating from the back side of the substrate is also preferable from the viewpoint of the apparatus space. As for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, in addition to the heating on the upstream side of the collision pressure application unit, a heat source may be provided dispersedly in the gap between the ejectors (heating through the transfer sheet).

[Forced Cooling of Adhesive] When the adhesive is of the heat-sealing type, if the adhesive is forcibly cooled after the transfer sheet is in close contact with the base material to be transferred, the adhesive is formed to follow the inside of the recess. It promotes the fixation of the transfer sheet, prevents the transfer sheet from returning to its original shape after pressure release when the transfer sheet has a restoring force, and allows the transfer sheet (support) to be separated and removed more quickly. Therefore, transfer omission can be prevented and production speed can be improved.
For this purpose, during the application of the collision pressure, the cooling solid particles are used without releasing the collision pressure, or when using the solid particle acceleration fluid, the cooling fluid is used. It is preferable to cool the adhesive layer using cooling means.
When the heat capacity of the transferred substrate is large, in addition to the cooling solid particles and the cooling fluid, the transferred substrate can be cooled from the back surface by spraying a low-temperature fluid and cooling the rollers and belt conveyor for transferring the substrate. . Alternatively, after the cooling in the chamber, the cooling may be performed by blowing cool air from the front or back, or the like, outside the chamber after cooling inside the chamber, or without cooling inside the chamber, only outside the chamber.

[Peeling of the support] The timing of peeling the support is such that after the release of the collision pressure, the support is cooled to such an extent that the support does not undergo cutting or plastic deformation due to the stress at the time of peeling, and the adhesive layer is cooled or cooled. It may be performed after the transfer sheet is solidified by the curing reaction and fixed to the transfer substrate.

[Air Vent] If the adhesive to be the transfer layer or the adhesive layer on the substrate to be transferred is heated before the collision pressure is applied, if the adhesive is not activated, or if the adhesive is not activated, If the time process can be used, non-adhesive contact between the transfer substrate and the transfer sheet can be performed, so the transfer sheet is brought into contact with the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate It is advisable to perform “air bleeding” by forcibly removing the air in the gap. By removing the air, the air between the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred can be prevented from remaining “at the time of transfer”, and the transfer can be prevented. The air bleeding is performed by a suction and exhaust device including, for example, a suction and exhaust nozzle and a vacuum pump. The suction / exhaust nozzles are provided in the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet, and on both sides adjacent to both sides along the transfer direction of the transferred base material to be transferred along the transfer direction of the transfer base material. The air between the substrates may be sucked and exhausted by a vacuum pump. The outer periphery of the opening of the suction / exhaust nozzle is surrounded by, for example, a brush, and if the tip of the brush is brought into contact with the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet, the air can be vented without any trouble in transporting the base material and the transfer sheet. Further, it is preferable that the air be removed until the collision pressure is applied. In addition,
The timing of the air release and the preheating of the transfer sheet may be started first, or both may be started simultaneously, depending on the speed at which the transfer sheet is preheated and softened, and the degree of softening. Air bleeding is effective when the surface to be transferred of the base material to be transferred has a rough surface such as a rock surface tone or a stucco tone.

[Others] The curved surface transfer method of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above description. For example, in the description of the curved surface transfer method using the apparatus in FIG. 11, the transfer sheet is pressed against the transfer base material by using a long strip-shaped transfer sheet and a single-sheet transfer base material, and transporting and transferring the both integrally. While the fixed particle ejector was used to continuously apply the solid particle collision pressure, the transfer sheet was pressed against the transfer substrate only when the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate were stopped. It may be performed intermittently one by one (for example, the ejector is moved to these). Also,
Both the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet may be supplied in the form of a single sheet. Further, the positional relationship between the ejecting direction of the solid particles of the ejector and the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred is not limited to the positional relationship in which the solid particles are both placed in a horizontal plane and eject the solid particles vertically downward from above. Even if the side of the transfer sheet support and the ejection direction maintain the vertical relationship, the placement or conveyance direction of the transfer sheet is not only in the horizontal plane but also in the slope, in the vertical plane (FIG. 6B), and the like. Further, even when the transfer sheet is in a horizontal plane, solid particles may be ejected from the support side to the lower side, that is, from the bottom to the upper side, and collide. of course,
Solid particles may be ejected at an angle to the transfer sheet support surface. Further, before applying the collision pressure, the transfer sheet may be preliminarily pressed against the transfer base material by the elastic roller. Further, when the chamber is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen and an ionizing radiation-curable resin (before curing) is used for a base coat layer of the transfer layer, oxygen, water vapor, etc. in the air may be filled with the resin. May be prevented from hindering the curing.

[Cosmetic Materials] The cosmetic materials obtained by the present invention include exterior materials such as outer walls, fences, roofs, gates and gable plates, architectural interior materials such as walls and ceilings, window frames, doors, handrails, sills, and Kamoi. Fittings such as
It can be used in various fields such as a surface material of furniture such as a chest, a cabinet of light electric / OA equipment, and a vehicle interior material such as an automobile.

[0069]

Next, the present invention will be further described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

(Example) First, as a transfer substrate B having three-dimensional surface irregularities, a plan view of FIG.
Groove-shaped concave portion 401 having a depth of 1.5 mm and an opening width of 5 mm as large irregularities as exemplified in the perspective view of the main part of FIG.
And a flat protruding portion 402 having a brickwork pattern, and having a pear-finish fine unevenness 403 having a depth distributed in a range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm on the flat protruding portion as fine unevenness. A 12 mm thick cement slag ceramic panel having three-dimensional surface irregularities in which irregularities and fine irregularities overlap each other was prepared. Then, the transfer-receiving substrate is heated to 60 ° C., and as a two-part curable urethane paint, “Seran Base # 1000” (trade name, manufactured by Dainippon Paint Co., Ltd.) (a weight ratio of acrylic polyol and isocyanate of 10: 1) is used. Mixture), spray-dried, and dried by heating at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes.
An undercoat layer of m ² (based on solid content) was formed. Further, on the undercoat layer, as an adhesive layer, a trade name “Acridic A-810” (trade name, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) (a mixture of acrylic polyol and isocyanate at a weight ratio of 10: 1, glass transition temperature of 60) ° C) on the entire surface by roll coating using a sponge roller.
After drying for 20 minutes, an adhesive layer having an isocyanate compound as a crosslinking agent of 20 g / m ² (based on solid content) was formed. The undercoat layer and the adhesive layer were formed off-line by another apparatus.

The transfer sheet S has a thickness of 100
On one surface of a polypropylene thermoplastic elastomer film having a thickness of μm, a brick-like pattern having cement joints whose positions were synchronized with the shape of the uneven surface was sequentially gravure-printed as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer. Acrylic polyol (glass transition temperature: 60 ° C., hydroxyl value: 20) was used as the resin for the binder of the picture ink, and reddish, isoindolinone, carbon black, and titanium white were used as the coloring pigments.

Next, in an apparatus as shown in FIG. 11, an ejector using an impeller as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. The adhesive and the substrate to be transferred are heated to 80 ° C. by the substrate heating device 41 using the radiant heat from the heating wire heater, which is placed on the substrate transporting device 10 composed of a row of transporting rollers and transported. Then, after the transfer sheet is temporarily fixed by the temporary fixing roller 22, the collision pressure applying unit 30
Supplied. On the other hand, the transfer sheet S is also
Thus, the support was supplied to the collision pressure applying unit with the support side facing upward. At this time, first, the transfer sheet S is 100
C., and then temporarily fixed by being brought into contact with the transfer-substrate surface heated to 80.degree. C. by a temporary fixing roller 22 made of a heat-resistant rubber-made elastic roller. It was supplied to the chamber 33 of the application section.

Next, as the solid particles P, an average particle size of 0.4
A spherical zinc ball having a diameter of 1 mm was ejected from the ejector 32 to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the transfer sheet was pressed against the substrate to be transferred. The rotation speed of the impeller of the ejector is 3600 [rpm
m], and the ejection speed of the solid particles was 40 [m / s].
Then, the transfer sheet is extended into the joint concave portion and thermally fused, and the cooling device 70 blows cold air at 20 ° C. in the small chamber 71 provided downstream from the chamber 33, After cooling the adhesive to a temperature lower than the bonding temperature, solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet are removed by dropping from the end of the transfer sheet toward the lower part of the chamber, and then removed.
The support of the transfer sheet was peeled off by the peeling roller 60 to obtain a decorative material D in which the top coat layer was not formed. The pattern was transferred to the decorative material following the surface irregularities.

Further, on the surface of the transfer layer of this decorative material, "V-Selan TP # 1000" (trade name, manufactured by Dainippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was applied.
(Weight ratio of acrylic polyol to isocyanate 1
0: 1 mixture), spray-coated on the entire surface,
For 10 minutes to form a top coat layer of 100 g / m ² (solid basis). After curing for one week,
The hydroxyl group in the transfer layer and the cross-linking agent in the adhesive layer and the top coat layer undergo a chemical reaction to generate a chemical bond,
It was the final cosmetic material.

Comparative Example 1 In Example, a mixture of an acrylic resin and a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (in place of acrylic polyol) was used as the binder resin of the pattern ink used for forming the decorative layer of the transfer sheet. A decorative material with a top coat layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example except that the glass transition temperature was 80 ° C). The pattern was transferred to the decorative material following the surface irregularities.

(Comparative Example 2) In the example, an acrylic resin (glass transition temperature: 70 ° C) was used instead of acrylic polyol as the resin of the binder of the pattern ink used for forming the decorative layer of the transfer sheet. In the same manner as in the example, a decorative material with a top coat layer was obtained. The pattern was transferred to the decorative material following the surface irregularities.

(Performance comparison) Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the durability of the examples and comparative examples. In addition, each evaluation item evaluated the test as follows. Thinner resistance: The appearance was visually observed by dropping the thinner. Water resistance: After immersion in water, the appearance after standing for 30 days was visually observed. Warm water resistance: The operation of immersing in hot water at 60 ° C. for 8 hours, taking it out, and allowing it to stand at room temperature for 16 hours was repeated 10 cycles, and the appearance was visually observed.

[0078]

[Table 1] ○: good △: somewhat good ×: bad

As shown in Table 1, the reactive functional groups in the transfer layer
In Example 1 in which the transfer layer was chemically bonded to the cross-linking agent in the layer in contact with the front and back surfaces, good results were obtained with any of the evaluation items. However, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, in which a reactive functional group that forms a chemical bond with this was not present in the transfer layer, satisfactory performance was not obtained.

[0080]

According to the present invention, a decorative material having a large three-dimensional uneven surface decorated can be easily obtained. Of course, two-dimensional irregularities such as window frames and sashes are also possible.
It can be easily obtained even if it has a wavy shape (envelope surface shape) as a whole, or a convex or concave curved shape like a tile. In addition, it is possible to transfer on the convex portion of the large irregular surface and also inside the concave portion (the bottom portion or the side surface which is the connecting portion between the convex portion and the bottom portion). Also,
On the convex part of large irregularities, a finer irregular pattern (for example,
Even if there is a hairline, satin finish, etc., it is possible to decorate by transfer even in the concave portion of the fine unevenness. Furthermore, since a thermoplastic resin is used for the transfer layer, the transfer layer can be reliably transferred to the inside of the concave portion on the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred. Further, after providing an undercoat layer or an adhesive layer on the transfer-receiving substrate side, the transfer layer is transferred, and thereafter, a top coat layer is provided on the transfer layer, and the front and back of the transfer layer are sandwiched between these layers. Using a resin having a reactive functional group as the thermoplastic resin of the transfer layer, the undercoat layer, the adhesive layer, and the top coat layer contacting on the front and back of the transfer layer contain a resin base material and a cross-linking agent. It is provided as a layer to be formed. Therefore, if the reactive functional group in the transfer layer and the reactive functional group of the crosslinking agent or the resin main agent are chemically bonded and reacted so as to cause interlayer crosslinking, the conformability to the surface irregularities and the formability are maintained. While obtaining a cosmetic material having excellent surface properties. In particular, in the present invention, since solid particle collision pressure capable of transferring to large surface irregularities that cannot be transferred by the conventional transfer roller is used as the transfer pressure, the ability to follow the large surface irregularities, formability and surface physical properties are improved. Is a more difficult problem than the conventional transfer roller, but this can be easily solved. Further, unlike the conventional rubber roller pressing method, there is no wear of parts such as the roller due to the concave and convex portions of the substrate to be transferred. As a result, a decorative material having an extremely excellent design property is obtained, which has never been obtained before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram (front view) illustrating one embodiment of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an impeller part of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the inside of the impeller of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for adjusting the ejection direction with an impeller.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are conceptual diagrams illustrating another embodiment of an ejector using an impeller, wherein FIG. 6A is a front view and FIG. 6B is a side view.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of an ejector using an ejection nozzle.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing various arrangement forms of the ejector. (A) is an arrangement arranged in a houndstooth check pattern, (B) is an arrangement in which the central portion is on the upstream side, and is shifted to the downstream side toward both ends.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram in which the collision pressure is provided with a width distribution.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing one aspect of the ejector viewed from the flow direction.

11A and 11B are conceptual views of one embodiment of a curved surface transfer device capable of implementing the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, wherein FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic device diagram of the ejector portion of FIG.

FIGS. 12A and 12B are explanatory views showing an example of three-dimensional surface irregularities of a transfer-receiving base material, wherein FIG. 12A is a plan view and FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 support 2 transfer layer 3 undercoat layer, adhesive layer 4 top coat layer 10 substrate transport device 20 sheet feeding device 21 sheet feeding device 22 temporary fixing roller 23 sheet discharging device 30 collision pressure applying unit 31 hopper 32 jetting device 33 chamber 34 Drain tube 35 Separation device 36 Vacuum pump 40 Sheet heating device 41 Substrate heating device 50 Substrate coating device 60 Peeling roller 70 Removal device (also cooling device) 71 Second chamber 401 Groove-shaped concave portion 402 Flat convex portion 403 Fine unevenness 812, 812a Impeller 813, 813a Blade 814, 814a Side plate 815 Hollow portion 816 Direction controller 817 Opening 818 Sprayer 819, 819a Rotating shaft 820 Bearing 840 Sprayer using blowing nozzle 841 Induction chamber 842 Nozzle Internal nozzle 84 Opening 844 Nozzle B Rolled Substrate D decorative material F fluid P solid particles S transfer sheet

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yu Okamoto 1-1-1, Ichigaya Kagacho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Haruo Miyashita 1-1-1, Ichigaga-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 1 Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to a transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer, and solid particles are caused to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. Utilizing the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and after the transfer layer adheres to the transfer substrate, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to remove the transfer layer. A method of transferring a curved surface onto a substrate to be transferred, wherein the transfer layer uses a transfer sheet made of a thermoplastic resin. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transfer layer is transferred to the transfer substrate by providing the undercoat layer and / or the adhesive layer on the transfer substrate. A curved surface transfer method for providing a top coat layer on a layer, wherein the thermoplastic resin constituting the transfer layer has a reactive functional group,
And at least a top coat layer and an undercoat layer or an adhesive layer which are layers in contact with the front and back of the transfer layer contain a cross-linking agent in the resin main agent, and the resin main agent or the cross-linking agent in these layers in contact with the transfer layer A curved surface transfer method in which a reactive functional group and a reactive functional group of a transfer layer are reacted so as to form a chemical bond.