JPH10328907A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve rigidity on the tool supporting side and positioning accuracy at the time of turning, and rotate to position a tool spindle rapidly at a fine indexing angle at the time of rotary machining in a machine tool mounted with a turning tool and a rotating tool for use. SOLUTION: A main spindle fitting part 30 has a fixing coupling 57, and a main spindle support body 35 has a rotating part coupling 56 in a corresponding form. Coupling drive mechanism 25 is provided in such a way that the couplings 56, 57 can be engaged with each other and released from engagement every specified angle around a shaft center CT2. A fixed side friction face 65a is formed at the main spindle fitting part 30, and a rotating side friction face 56c is formed at the main spindle support body 35 in a corresponding form. Clamp face drive mechanism 27 is provided in such a way that the friction faces 56c, 65a can be brought into contact with each other and released form contact in an optional angle position around the shaft center CT2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool which can use a turning tool or a rotary tool by supporting it on a tool support, wherein the tool support is rotatable and positionable about a predetermined rotation axis. About machine tools that have become.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a machine tool such as a CNC lathe, for example, various turning tools or various rotary tools are detachably attached to a tool spindle of a tool support.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned machine tool, in order to perform various machining operations, the tool support is moved around another rotation axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool spindle or the like. There is proposed and used a mechanism provided with a mechanism capable of rotating and positioning freely at a predetermined indexing angle in a circumferential direction (ie, the B-axis direction). In such a mechanism, during turning or the like, the rigidity of the tool support supporting the turning tool is improved as much as possible, thereby improving the positioning accuracy, and a main spindle for a tool that supports the rotating tool at the time of rotary machining or the like. Has been a problem to be able to quickly turn and position in the B-axis direction at as small an index angle as possible.

[0004] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can improve the rigidity of the tool support side during turning or the like as much as possible in a turning tool or a machine tool to which a rotating tool is attached, and can improve the positioning accuracy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool which can be improved and can rotate and position the tool support quickly in the B-axis direction at the smallest possible index angle at the time of rotary machining or the like.

[0005]

That is, a first aspect of the present invention has a tool rest main body (30) and the tool rest main body (3).
0), the tool support (35) is attached to a predetermined rotation axis (CT).
A tool spindle (32) provided rotatably around a 2) via a tool support rotating drive mechanism (50), and a rotating tool (60B) being detachably attached to the tool support (35). Machine tool (1) provided with a turning tool holding mechanism (34) in which the turning tool is rotatably supported and the turning tool is detachable.
In the tool post body (30), a first coupling member (57) is provided, and the tool support (35) is configured to connect a second coupling member (56) to the first coupling member (57). And a coupling drive mechanism (25) having a corresponding shape, wherein the first and second coupling members (57,
56) The tool rest main body (3) is provided so as to be freely engaged and disengaged at predetermined angles about the rotation axis (CT2).
0), a first friction clamping surface (65a) is formed on the tool support (35), and a second friction clamping surface (5) is formed on the tool support (35).
6c) is formed in a shape corresponding to the first friction clamp surface (65a), and the clamp surface drive mechanism (27) is connected to the first friction clamp surface (65a).
And the second friction clamp surfaces (65a, 56c) are provided so as to be able to abut and release the abutment at an arbitrary angular position about the rotation axis (CT2).

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool of the first aspect, the coupling drive mechanism (2
5) are the first and second coupling members (57, 5).
6) has a third coupling member (61) that can be simultaneously engaged and disengaged with respect to the first and second coupling members (57, 56). Third
This is performed via a coupling member (61).

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the first aspect, the second coupling member (5) is provided.
6) is disposed annularly around the rotation axis (CT2), and the tool support rotation drive mechanism (50) is capable of transmitting a driving force from a power source to the tool support (35). A driving force transmission mechanism (30a);
a) includes the second coupling member (56).

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool of the first aspect, the second friction clamping surface (56) is provided.
c) is formed on the second coupling member (56).

Note that the numbers in parentheses are for convenience of indicating corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore the present description is not limited to the description on the drawings. The same applies to the following “action” column.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the tool support (35) with respect to the tool post main body (30) is provided.
The side clamping is performed by mutual engagement of the first and second coupling members (57, 56) during turning with a turning tool, and the first and second frictions during turning with a rotating tool (60B). The clamp surfaces (65a, 56c) are brought into contact with each other.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a tool rest body (30) of a tool support (35) during turning.
Is realized by a three-piece coupling composed of the first, second and third coupling members (57, 56, 61).

In a third aspect of the present invention, the second coupling member (56) also serves as a means for receiving the driving force from the driving force transmitting mechanism (30a) on the tool support (35) side. ing.

In a fourth aspect of the present invention, the second coupling member (56) also serves as a portion forming the second friction clamp surface (56c) on the tool support (35) side.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a machine tool according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the vicinity of a spindle mounting portion of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a spindle mounting portion shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing details of the head clamp mechanism, showing a head clamp state of the head clamp mechanism. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the head clamp mechanism shown in FIG. 3, showing the head unclamped state. 5 and FIG. 5 are side sectional views of the head clamping mechanism shown in FIG. 3, showing a simplified clamping state of the head, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the inside of the front door of the machine tool shown in FIG. It is.

As shown in FIG. 1, a machine tool 1 such as a CNC lathe has a rectangular parallelepiped frame 2 extending in the directions of arrows H and I in FIG. A front door 3 is provided on the front side (ie, the front side in FIG. 1) of the front door 2 so as to be freely opened and closed in the directions of the arrows H and I. A headstock 6 is installed inside the frame 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, and a work spindle 7 is mounted on the headstock 6 in the directions of arrows H and I, which are Z-axis directions. The CTs 1 are arranged in parallel, and are supported so as to be rotatable about the axis CT1 in the directions of arrows Q and R in the figure. A chuck 9 is provided on the arrow I side of the work spindle 7 so that the work 10 to be machined can be gripped by a plurality of chuck claws 9b. That is, the work spindle 7
The chuck 9 (and the work 10 gripped by the chuck 9) provided on the shaft 9 is rotatable in the directions of arrows Q and R.

As shown in FIG. 6, a first linear motion guide device 20 extending in the directions of arrows H and I is laid inside the frame 2 at the position of the work spindle 7 on the arrow I side. The first linear motion guide device 20 is provided with a tail stock 21 that is slidably movable in the directions of arrows H and I, that is, in the Z-axis direction. The tailstock 21 is provided with a tailstock shaft 22 capable of supporting the work 10 gripped by the chuck 9 on the arrow I side according to the size and shape of the work 10 to be processed or the manner of processing.

Further, a known tool magazine 5 is installed in the frame 2 on the back side of FIG. 1 with respect to the work spindle 7 and the like. The tool magazine 5 includes a plurality of types of turning tool units and rotary tools. Tools such as units are held and stored. In the vicinity of the tool magazine 5, a known automatic tool changer 17 (ATC device) takes out the tool unit held and stored in the tool magazine 5 and mounts it on a spindle 32 described later. It is installed in such a manner that the tool unit mounted on the main shaft 32 can be removed and held in the tool magazine 5.

As shown in FIG. 6, the inside of the frame 2 is at a position on the arrow I side of the work spindle 7, at a position obliquely above the first linear motion guide device 20 in FIG. A second linear motion guide device 11 extending in the directions of arrows H and I is laid at a position on the near side of FIG. 1 with respect to the tool magazine 5 and the automatic tool changer 17.
1, a tool rest base 12 is provided so as to be slidably movable in the directions of arrows H and I, that is, in the Z-axis direction. On the other hand, the tool rest base 12 has a third shape extending in the directions of arrows D and E in FIGS. 1 and 6 which are X-axis directions perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and slightly inclined from the vertical direction. The linear motion guide device 15 is laid (the third linear motion guide device 15 is inclined toward the back side of the paper in FIGS. 1 and 6), and the third linear motion guide device 15 has a tool post 13. Are slidably movable in the directions of arrows D and E, that is, in the X-axis direction.

FIG. 2 shows the tip of the tool rest 13 on the arrow D side.
As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 6, a spindle mounting portion 30 is formed so as to form a part of the tool rest main body, and a spindle support 35 is provided on the spindle mounting portion 30 in the X-axis direction (arrows D and E directions). ) And the arrow T in the figure, which is the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction (the directions of the arrows H and I), and the arrow T and the U direction (the B-axis direction) in the figure centered on the axis CT2 parallel to the directions C and C. Are rotatably driven via a head rotation drive mechanism 50. The head rotation drive mechanism 50 includes an appropriate rotation drive motor (not shown) built in the tool rest 13 as a power source, and a gear that can transmit the driving force from the rotation drive motor to the main shaft support 35. The power transmission mechanism 30a includes a power transmission mechanism 30a and a shaft (not shown). In addition, the spindle mounting portion 30 has a headstock 31 that serves as a casing for supporting the spindle 32. 2 to 5, for convenience of description, an example of a boundary between the spindle mounting portion 30 and the spindle support body 35 is shown by a dashed line, and a boundary on the spindle mounting portion 30 side is a symbol KK1 in the drawings. Spindle support 35
The boundary on the side is indicated by the symbol KK2 in the figure.

Further, a head clamp mechanism 55 is provided between the spindle mounting portion 30 and the spindle support 35. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the head clamp mechanism 55 has a rotating portion coupling 56 fixedly provided as a part of the main shaft support 35. Rotating part coupling 56
Is a ring-shaped base portion 56 centered on the axis CT2.
a, a plurality of projections 56b are provided on the surface of the base 56a facing the direction of the arrow A so as to protrude in the direction of the arrow A. Each of the protrusions 56b has the axis C
It is formed at a predetermined pitch in a streak shape radially extending around T2. Further, the head clamp mechanism 55 includes a fixing coupling 57 fixedly provided on the spindle mounting portion 30.
have. The fixing coupling 57 is connected to the shaft center C.
It has an annular base portion 57a centered on T2, and the base portion 57a is
6 are arranged corresponding to the inner peripheral side. Base part 57a
A plurality of protrusions 57b are provided on the surface facing in the direction of arrow A, in such a manner as to protrude in the direction of arrow A. Each protrusion 57b is formed at a predetermined pitch in a streak shape extending radially around the axis CT2.

Further, the head clamp mechanism 55 includes a coupling drive mechanism 25 that enables the fixing coupling 57 and the rotating portion coupling 56 to freely engage and disengage at predetermined angles about the axis CT2. Have. That is, the coupling drive mechanism 25 has a hollow cylinder 59 provided at a position on the arrow A side of the fixing coupling 57 in the main shaft mounting portion 30.
Has an annular shape centered on the axis CT2.
The coupling drive mechanism 25 is provided with the cylinder 59
Has a clamp coupling 61 provided therein.
That is, the clamp coupling 61 is basically a piston body that can be moved and driven in the directions of arrows A and C by hydraulic oil or the like in the cylinder 59. On the arrow C side of the clamp coupling 61, an opposing portion 61a having an annular plane facing the direction of the arrow C is formed.
“a” is formed in a size and a position facing the rotating portion coupling 56 and the fixing coupling 57 in the direction of the arrow C. A plurality of protrusions 61b projecting in the direction of arrow C are provided on the surface of the facing portion 61a facing in the direction of arrow C.
Is provided. Each protrusion 61b is formed at a predetermined pitch in a streak shape extending radially around the axis CT2.

That is, when the clamp coupling 61 is driven to move in the direction of arrow C and is located at the predetermined head clamp position HC1 as shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of projections 61b provided on the facing portion 61a are Rotating part coupling 5
6, the plurality of protrusions 56b and the plurality of protrusions 57b of the fixing coupling 57 are simultaneously meshed at a predetermined angle corresponding to the pitch at which the protrusions 56b and the protrusions 57b are formed. In this manner, the rotating portion coupling 56 is engaged with the fixing coupling 57 and is clamped. In other words, the spindle support 35 provided with the rotating portion coupling 56 is clamped and fixed to the spindle mounting portion 30 so as to restrict the rotation in the directions of the arrows T and U. Further, when the clamp coupling 61 is driven to move in the direction of arrow A and is disposed at a predetermined head unclamping position HC2 as shown in FIG.
1b is disengaged from the projection 42b of the rotating coupling 56 and the projection 57b of the fixing coupling 57, and the rotating coupling 56 is disengaged from the fixing coupling 57, thereby unclamping. Is done. That is,
The restraint against the rotation in the directions of the arrows T and U is released from the main shaft support 35, and the main shaft support 35 can be turned in the directions of the arrows T and U.

A gear portion 56d is threaded on the outer peripheral side of the base portion 56a of the rotating portion coupling 56, and the gear portion 56d meshes with the gear 30b of the power transmission mechanism 30a. doing. That is, the rotating portion coupling 56 is included in the power transmission mechanism 30a. As a result, the power transmission mechanism 30a pivots the pivot coupling 56 via the gear 30b, and as a result, the entire main shaft support 35 can be rotationally driven in the directions of arrows T and U around the axis CT2. It has become.

Further, a simple clamp mechanism 63 is provided between the spindle mounting portion 30 and the spindle support 35. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the simple clamping mechanism 63 includes a rotation-side friction surface 56c which is an annular flat surface formed in the direction of arrow C in the base portion 56a of the rotation-portion coupling 56. Further, it has a fixed-side friction surface 65 a which is disposed opposite to the rotation-side friction surface 56 c in the directions of arrows A and C and is an annular plane formed in the main spindle mounting portion 30. The state between the rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a includes a simple clamp state KC1 in which the rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a press each other with a predetermined contact pressure.
The contact pressure is not substantially applied between the rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a. Therefore, the rotation can be changed between the contact-released simple clamp release state KC2.

Further, the simple clamp mechanism 63 has a clamp surface drive mechanism 27. That is, the clamp surface driving mechanism 2
Reference numeral 7 denotes the rotating portion coupling 56 and the urging means 6 described above.
9. The biasing means 69 has a hollow cylinder 66 formed at a position on the arrow A side with respect to the above-described rotating portion coupling 56. The cylinder 66 has a ring shape centered on the axis CT2. No. Also,
The urging means 69 has a pressing body 67 provided in the cylinder 66. The pressing body 67 is movable in the directions of arrows A and C by hydraulic oil or the like in the cylinder 66. It is a piston body. On the arrow C side of the pressing body 67, a pressing portion 67a which is in contact with the base portion 56a of the rotating portion coupling 56 is formed.

That is, when the pressing body 67 is driven to move in the direction of arrow C as shown in FIG. 5, the pressing portion 67a of the pressing body 67 moves the base portion 56a of the rotary coupling 56 in the direction of arrow C. As a result, the turning-side friction surface 56c of the base portion 56a is pressed against the fixed-side friction surface 65a to be brought into the simple clamp state KC1 (note that this state is the turning-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a). The contact between the rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a is possible at an arbitrary angular position about the axis CT2.) In other words, the rotating portion coupling 56 is clamped by the frictional force between the rotating side friction surface 56c and the fixed side friction surface 65a with respect to the spindle mounting portion 30, so that the rotating portion coupling 56 is provided. The main spindle support 35 side is clamped and fixed to the main spindle mounting part 30 side in such a manner that its rotation in the directions of arrows T and U is restricted. Further, the pressing body 67 is
As shown in FIG. 4, it is driven to move in the direction of arrow A (however, in this case, the head clamp mechanism 55 is in the unclamped state), and the pressing portion 67 a of the pressing body 67 is moved to the base portion of the rotating portion coupling 56. A simple clamp release state KC in which the contact is released from the rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a of the base portion 56a in the direction of arrow A away from the base 56a.
It becomes 2. That is, since almost no frictional force is generated between the rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a, the rotation-port coupling 56 is unclamped with respect to the spindle mounting portion 30, so that the rotation-port coupling The main shaft support 35 side on which the ring 56 is provided is in a state capable of rotating in the directions of the arrows T and U. The rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a are arranged outside the rotation-portion coupling 56 and the fixing coupling 57 with respect to the axis CT2.

On the other hand, the headstock 31 has a substantially cylindrical shape opened at least in the direction of arrow F. Inside the headstock 31, a main shaft 32 is provided with an axis CT3 in the directions of arrows F and G as the center. Are supported so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows J and K. The main shaft 32 has a shape extending in the directions indicated by arrows F and G (the axial direction of the main shaft 32) in the head stock 31. As described above, the head stock 31 is rotatable in the directions indicated by the arrows T and U with respect to the main shaft mounting portion 30, so that the main shaft 32 provided on the head stock 31 is similarly driven by the arrows T and U. It is rotatable in the direction. Therefore, the main shaft 32 is
2 can be freely arranged at a position such that the tip thereof is directed in the direction of arrow H in the drawing, a position such that it is directed in the direction of arrow D in the drawing, or any other position that is directed in various directions along the B axis. Has become.

The main shaft 32 is supported by a head stock 31 via a bearing unit 37 so as to be rotatable about the axis CT3 in the directions of arrows J and K (in FIG. 2, the head stock 31). 31 and a part of the spindle 32 are indicated by broken lines.
As shown by a solid line in FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes one casing body formed by combining a plurality of components. Of course, the broken line portion of the head stock 31 in FIG. 2 is also a single casing body made of a plurality of components, but is simplified in the drawing. ). Note that the bearing unit 37 is
A thrust bearing device 37a disposed on the arrow F side, which is the front end side, and a ball bearing device 37b disposed on the arrow G side, which is the rear end side of the main shaft 32.

The main shaft 32 is provided with a tool holding mechanism 34. As shown in FIG. 2, the tool holding mechanism 34 has a tool mounting portion 33 basically formed in a substantially cylindrical shape on the tip end side of the main shaft 32 (that is, the arrow F side in the drawing). As shown in FIG. 6, a rotary tool unit 60B (or a turning tool unit (not shown)) is detachably attached to the portion 33 (in FIG. 2, the rotary tool unit 60B and the turning tool unit are both attached to the main shaft 32). It shows a state where it is not mounted.) The tool holding mechanism 34
Also includes a lock rod device and the like. Also,
A suitable spindle driving motor (not shown) is built in the tool post 13, and an appropriate power transmission composed of a gear (only part of which is shown), a shaft, or the like is provided between the spindle driving motor and the spindle 32. The means 32a transmits the power from the motor for driving the spindle to move the spindle 32 to the axis CT.
3, and can be driven to rotate in the directions indicated by arrows J and K in the figure. That is, the rotating tool unit 60B is attached to the tip of the spindle 32.
By rotating the main shaft 32 in the directions of the arrows J and K with the shaft mounted, rotary machining such as milling can be performed.

A coupling clamp mechanism 40 is provided between the headstock 31 and the main shaft 32 in the vicinity of the above-described thrust bearing device 37a and at a position on the arrow F side thereof. That is, the coupling clamp mechanism 40 is, as shown in FIG.
2 has a main shaft coupling 42 fixedly provided. The main shaft coupling 42 is formed in a flange shape on the outer peripheral side of the main shaft 32, that is, in an annular plate shape substantially perpendicular to the directions of the arrows F and G, and a mating projection is formed on a surface facing the direction of the arrow F. They are provided at a predetermined pitch. Further, the coupling clamp mechanism 40 has a fixing coupling 45 provided on the head stock 31. The fixing coupling 45 is arranged corresponding to the outer peripheral side of the spindle coupling 42 described above, is formed in a ring shape surrounding the outside of the spindle coupling 42, and is formed in a plate shape substantially perpendicular to the directions of arrows F and G. I have. Engaging projections are provided at a predetermined pitch on a surface of the fixing coupling 45 facing the direction of arrow F.

Further, at a position on the arrow F side of the above-described fixing coupling 45 in the head stock 31, a hollow cylinder 4 provided in the head stock 31 and having a shape is provided.
1 is formed. The cylinder 41 is arranged radially outward of the main shaft 32 and has a ring shape concentric with the main shaft 32. And the coupling clamp mechanism 40
Has a clamp coupling 43 supported by the headstock 31 via the cylinder 41.
That is, the clamp coupling 43 is basically a piston body which can be moved and driven in the directions of arrows F and G by hydraulic oil or the like in the cylinder 41. The clamp coupling 43 has a ring shape concentric with the main shaft 32, and the main shaft coupling 42 and the fixing coupling 45 are arranged so as to face in the arrow G direction.
On the surface of the clamp coupling 43 facing in the direction of arrow G, engagement projections are provided at a predetermined pitch.

That is, when the clamp coupling 43 is driven to move in the direction of arrow G and is disposed at a predetermined spindle clamping position, the clamp coupling 43 is connected to the fixing coupling 45 in the manner of a known three-piece coupling. The main shaft coupling 42 is engaged with the main shaft coupling 42 at the same time, and the main shaft coupling 42 is clamped to the fixing coupling 45 via the clamp coupling 43. That is, the spindle 32 provided with the spindle coupling 42
Is clamped and fixed to the headstock 31 side so as to restrict the rotation in the directions of the arrows J and K. Further, when the clamp coupling 43 is driven to move in the direction of arrow F and is disposed at a predetermined spindle unclamping position, the clamp coupling 43 releases the meshing engagement from the fixing coupling 45 and the spindle coupling 42, The main shaft coupling 42 is unclamped with respect to the fixing coupling 45. That is, the constraint on the rotation of the main shaft 32 in the directions of the arrows J and K is released, and the main shaft 32 becomes rotatable in the directions of the arrows J and K.

Since the machine tool 1 and the like are configured as described above, in order to process the work 10 by the machine tool 1, the work 10 is first gripped by the chuck 9 (or the work gripped by the chuck 9). The arrow I side of 10 is a tailstock 22
Support). Next, the spindle 32 equipped with the turning tool unit or the rotating tool unit 60B is
Arrow T of the headstock 31 with respect to the spindle mounting portion 30,
By rotating and positioning in the U direction, the tool post base 12 is arranged in a desired direction, and the tool post base 12 is moved in the directions indicated by the arrows H and I and the tool post 13 is moved in the directions indicated by the arrows D and E. Machining proceeds while changing the relative position between the tip of the mounted turning tool unit or rotary tool unit 60B and the work 10 in the X-axis direction or the Z-axis direction.

When the turning tool unit is mounted on the spindle 32, the C-axis control state of the work spindle 7 is released to the normal rotation speed control state, and the work spindle 7 is moved in the directions of arrows Q and R. By rotating the shaft, the work 10 gripped by the chuck 9 is rotated in the directions of arrows Q and R. On the other hand, on the tool post 13 side, the main shaft 32 is not rotated, and the clamp coupling 43 is disposed at a predetermined main shaft clamping position in the coupling clamp mechanism 40 in the head stock 31, so that the main shaft 32 is moved in the directions of arrows J and K. Is clamped and fixed to the head stock 31 in a form that restricts the rotation of. During the turning operation, the clamp coupling 61 is moved and driven in the direction of arrow C by the head clamp mechanism 55 to be disposed at the head clamp position HC1, as shown in FIG.
1 and rotating part coupling 56 and fixing coupling 5
7 is engaged with the fixing coupling 57 at a desired angular position so that the rotating portion coupling 56 is clamped, and the main shaft 32 of the main shaft support 35 is rotated in the directions of arrows T and U. Is clamped and fixed to the spindle mounting portion 30 side in a form that restricts the rotation. Thus, the turning (the outer diameter processing, the end face processing, and the like) of the work 10 is performed with high accuracy while the tip of the turning tool unit mounted on the main shaft 32 is fixed to the tool rest 13 or the like.

The rotary tool unit 60B is attached to the main shaft 32.
Is mounted, the work spindle 7 is kept in a rotation angle control state, that is, a C-axis control state. During the rotation processing, on the tool rest 13 side, the clamp coupling 43 is arranged at a predetermined spindle unclamping position in the coupling clamp mechanism 40 in the head stock 31, and the spindle 32 is moved. After being unclamped so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows J and K, the main shaft 32 is
The shaft 10 is driven to rotate in the direction B, and the tip of the rotary tool unit mounted on the main shaft 32 is driven to rotate in the directions indicated by the arrows J and K. In this case, the head clamp mechanism 5
5, the clamp coupling 6 as shown in FIG.
1 is located at the head unclamping position HC2,
The main shaft 32 of the main shaft support 35 is unclamped so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows T and U. In the simple clamping mechanism 63, the pressing body 67 moves in the direction of arrow C as shown in FIG. Driven, rotating part coupling 5
6 and the fixed-side friction surface 65a of the spindle mounting portion 30 are in the simple clamp state KC1. That is, the rotating portion coupling 56 is clamped by the frictional force between the rotating side friction surface 56c and the fixed side friction surface 65a with respect to the spindle mounting portion 30, and the headstock 31 on the spindle support body 35 is removed. It is clamped and fixed so as to restrict the rotation in the directions of arrows T and U. In this way, in the rotary machining of the work 10, the spindle 32 is prevented from being carelessly moved in the directions of arrows T and U.

In the middle of the work (for example, when the machining mode is changed, when the tool is changed, etc.), the position of the tip of the main shaft 32 is changed to a position facing the direction of arrow H in the figure or the direction of arrow D in the figure. In some cases, the positioning may be performed again at a position where the head is directed, or at a position where the head is directed in various directions along the B axis. In this case, it is necessary to move the position of the main shaft 32 along the B axis. That is, the head clamp mechanism 55
In FIG. 4, as shown in FIG.
1 in the head unclamping position HC2, and in the simple clamping mechanism 63, the pressing body 67 is driven to move in the direction of arrow A as shown in FIG.
c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a are in a simple clamp release state KC2.
And let That is, the head clamp mechanism 55 and the simple clamp mechanism 63 are both unclamped, the main shaft support 35 is unclamped with respect to the main shaft mounting portion 30, and the main shaft 32 is rotatable in the directions of the arrows T and U. And let In this state, the head stock 31 side is rotated in the directions of arrows T and U via the power transmission mechanism 30a and the like, and
The position of the tip 2 is positioned so as to face various directions along the B-axis, and the position is clamped again via the head clamp mechanism 55 or the simple clamp mechanism 63.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, a method of clamping the spindle support 35 to the spindle mounting portion 30 is as follows.
Clamping by engagement of the head clamp mechanism 55 and clamping by surface friction of the simple clamp mechanism 63
Since it can be selectively adopted according to the form of processing such as turning or rotation processing, rigidity when supporting the main shaft 32 side with a clamp by engagement during turning is improved as much as possible,
Positioning accuracy can be improved, and at the time of rotary processing, clamping and unclamping can be easily and quickly performed by clamping using surface friction, and indexing can be performed at an arbitrary angle position. Can be quickly rotated and positioned). In addition, the spindle mounting portion 3 of the spindle support 35 during the turning process
0 is realized by the head clamp mechanism 55 which is the above-mentioned three-coupling mechanism, unlike the two-coupling in which the main shaft support 35 moves during clamping, unlike the two-coupling coupling. Since the main shaft support 35 does not need to move, the accuracy of the clamp is improved, and the clamp / unclamp operation can be performed quickly. It is only necessary to drive in the C direction, and it is not necessary to move the entire spindle support 35, so that the mechanism is simplified and advantageous. (Of course, if these effects are not expected, the two-piece coupling described above can be adopted as another embodiment of the present invention.)

Further, as described above, the power transmission mechanism 30a
Includes the rotating portion coupling 56 as a part thereof,
There is no need to provide a means for receiving the driving force from the power transmission mechanism 30a on the main shaft support 35 side separately from the rotating portion coupling 56, so that members can be saved, and the size of the machine can be reduced accordingly. This is advantageous because the weight and space can be reduced. In addition, since the rotation side friction surface 56c is also formed on the rotation portion coupling 56, the main spindle support 3
It is not necessary to provide a portion for forming the rotation-side friction surface 56c on the fifth side separately from the rotation-portion coupling 56, so that members can be saved, and further, the size and weight of the machine can be reduced.
This is convenient because space can be saved.

Further, since the rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a are formed in an annular shape about the axis CT2, the rotation-side friction surface 56c and the fixed-side friction surface 65a are in contact with each other. Since the clamping by the contact is performed over the entire circumference centering on the axis CT2, the area of the friction surface can be as large as possible, the reliability of the clamp is high, and the position of the friction surface is not locally located. Since it extends around the circumference, it can be clamped with a uniform force to provide a stable clamping state. Further, since the rotating portion coupling 56 and the fixing coupling 57 are formed in an annular shape about the axis CT2, the rotating portion coupling 56 and the fixing coupling 57 are engaged with each other. Since the clamp is performed over the entire circumference centered on the axis CT2, the engagement position can be secured as much as possible, the reliability of the clamp is high, and the engagement position is not disposed locally but over the entire circumference. As a result, it is possible to provide a stable clamping state by being clamped with a uniform force.

Further, since the rotating portion coupling 56 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fixing coupling 57, the rotating portion coupling 56 is arranged as far as possible from the axis CT2. Therefore, the rotating part coupling 5
6 and the fixed-side friction surface 65c.
Since the clamping by the contact with a is performed as far as possible from the axis CT2, the frictional force between the rotating friction surface 56c and the fixed friction surface 65a required for the clamping can be minimized. Thereby, the reliability of the clamp due to the friction between the rotation side friction surface 56c and the fixed side friction surface 65a is improved. Further, the force for bringing the rotating side friction surface 56c and the fixed side friction surface 65a into contact with each other is small, and the size of the mechanism can be reduced, which is convenient. Further, since the clamp surface driving mechanism 27 has the urging means 69 capable of urging / releasing the rotating portion coupling 56, another biasing force is applied to the fixed friction surface 65a side. There is no need to provide an urging means.
Therefore, the mechanism is particularly simplified on the side of the spindle mounting portion 30, which is convenient.

According to the present embodiment, the clamping of the main shaft 32 to the headstock 31 at the time of turning is realized by the coupling clamp mechanism 40 which is a three-coupling clamp mechanism as described above. The spindle 32 can be clamped and fixed with higher rigidity than when the spindle is clamped and fixed by a mechanism such as a disc brake. That is, the spindle 3 supporting the turning tool unit
2 can secure good stiffness. Also,
Unlike the conventional two-coupling clamp mechanism in which the main shaft moves during clamping, the main shaft 32 does not need to move during clamping, so that the main shaft 32 can be clamped with high precision. Therefore, the turning tool unit can be supported with high precision. Further, the coupling clamp mechanism 40, which is a three-piece coupling clamp mechanism, includes a main shaft 3
Since it is provided between the headstock 31 and the headstock 31 and is not provided in the turning tool unit or the like, it is not necessary to adopt a specially-specified turning tool unit, and a general-purpose product can be used, so that it is convenient. is there.

Also, the rotation of the main shaft 32 generates heat from the bearing unit 37, and the heat causes the main shaft 32 to extend in the directions of the arrows F and G, which are the axial directions thereof, and to be thermally displaced. The mechanism 40 is arranged in the vicinity of the thrust bearing device 37a of the bearing unit 37, that is, in the vicinity of the heat source, so that the main shaft 3
In 2, the thermal displacement with respect to the head stock 31 is located at a position as small as possible. That is, in the coupling clamp mechanism 40, the displacement of the main shaft coupling 42 with respect to the clamp coupling 43 and the like is as small as possible. . In addition, since the thrust bearing device 37a is disposed on the tip side of the spindle 32, the thermal displacement of the tip of the spindle 32 with respect to the headstock 31 and the like is reduced by that much, and the turning tool unit can be highly accurately adjusted by the spindle 32. Can be supported.

In the embodiment described above, one spindle 32
Is used as a spindle common to turning tools and rotary tools, and only one spindle 32 is disposed on the spindle support 35. For this reason, in the machine tool 1 of the present embodiment, upsizing of a tool post or the like is avoided as much as possible, as compared with a machine tool of a type in which a tool holder dedicated to a turning tool and a spindle dedicated to a rotary tool are separately provided. As a result, the tip portion of the spindle support 35 does not interfere with the workpiece 10 to be processed as much as possible, and smooth processing can be performed. Further, since the spindle 32 is used for both the turning tool and the rotary tool, the mounting position of the turning tool unit and the mounting position of the rotary tool unit 60B become the tool mounting portion 33 of the main spindle 32 at the same position, and the automatic tool changing device 17 The tool change operation is faster as much as possible. Further, since one spindle 32 is used as a spindle common to a turning tool and a rotary tool, the spindle 32 is used during machining operation.
Is not vacant. In other words, in the case of a machine tool in which a tool holder dedicated to turning tools and a spindle dedicated to rotary tools are separately provided, it is possible to prevent chips and the like from entering the tool mounting part where no tool is mounted during machining operation etc. The machine tool 1 of the present embodiment
In this case, since there is no tool mounting portion where no tool is mounted at the time of a machining operation or the like, there is no need to install a cover or the like. (Note that, as another embodiment of the present invention, a machine tool of a type in which a spindle for a rotary tool and a tool holding portion for a turning tool are separately provided in one turret is also effective. On the other hand, as in the above-described embodiment, the turret, which is a tool support, is clamped while selectively using a clamp by engagement and a clamp by surface friction to perform turning and rotation. )

Further, as shown in the above-described embodiment, in the machine tool 1, the first friction clamping surface such as the fixed friction surface 65a and the second friction clamping surface such as the rotating friction surface 56c have the shaft center CT2. And so on, so that the first and second friction clamping surfaces are clamped over the entire circumference around the rotation axis because the first and second friction clamp surfaces are in contact with each other. As a result, the area of the friction surface can be as large as possible, and the reliability of the clamp is high. The position of the friction surface is not localized and extends over the entire circumference. Can be provided.

Further, as shown in the above-described embodiment, in the machine tool 1, the first coupling member such as the fixing coupling 57 and the second coupling member such as the rotating portion coupling 56 have the shaft center CT2. And so on, so that the first and second coupling members are clamped by the engagement between the first and second coupling members over the entire circumference around the rotation axis. As a result, as many engaging positions as possible can be secured as much as possible, and the reliability of the clamp is high. Since the engaging positions are not arranged locally but are arranged over the entire circumference, the clamped state is clamped with a uniform force and a stable clamping state. Can be provided.

Further, as shown in the above-described embodiment, in the machine tool 1, the second coupling member such as the rotating portion coupling 56 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first coupling member such as the fixing coupling 57. Since it is arranged, the second coupling member is arranged at a position as far as possible from the rotation axis such as the axis CT2. Therefore, the clamping by the contact between the second friction clamping surface such as the rotating friction surface 56c formed on the second coupling member and the first friction clamping surface such as the fixed friction surface 65a is performed from the rotation axis. Since it is performed at a position as far as possible, the frictional force between the first and second friction clamp surfaces required for clamping can be minimized. Thereby, the reliability of the clamp due to friction between the first and second friction clamp surfaces is improved. In addition, the force for bringing the first and second friction clamp surfaces into contact with each other is small, and the size of the mechanism can be reduced, which is convenient.

Further, as shown in the above embodiment, in the machine tool 1, the first friction clamp surface such as the fixed friction surface 65a and the second friction clamp surface such as the rotating friction surface 56c are fixed. Since they are arranged outside the first coupling member such as the coupling 57 and the second coupling member such as the rotating portion coupling 56, the positions of the first and second friction clamp surfaces, and therefore, the contact between them, The position where the frictional force is generated is located as far as possible from the rotation axis such as the axis CT2. Accordingly, the first and second friction clamp surfaces are clamped by contact with each other at a position as far as possible from the rotation axis, so that the friction force between the first and second friction clamp surfaces required for clamping is minimized. Small enough. Thereby, the reliability of the clamp due to friction between the first and second friction clamp surfaces is improved. In addition, these first and second
The force of contact between the friction clamp surfaces can be reduced, and the size of the mechanism can be reduced, which is convenient.

Further, as shown in the above-described embodiment, in the machine tool 1, the clamp surface drive mechanism such as the clamp surface drive mechanism 27 uses the second coupling member such as the rotating portion coupling 56 for the second coupling member. The second friction clamping surface such as the rotating friction surface 56c of the two-coupling member is a fixed friction surface 65a.
, Etc., so as to be able to come into contact with and release from the first friction clamp surface. The side does not need to be provided with another biasing means for biasing this. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide another urging means on the first friction clamp surface side, so that members can be saved, and the mechanism is particularly simplified and advantageous on the tool rest main body side.

Further, as shown in the above embodiment, in the machine tool 1, the turning tool holding mechanism such as the tool holding mechanism 34 is provided on the tool spindle such as the spindle 32.
This tool spindle is a common spindle for turning tools and rotary tools. Accordingly, the number of times that the turning tool and the rotary tool are detached and exchanged increases accordingly, and the number of times that the tool spindle is positioned with respect to the ATC or the like increases. However, as described above, the tool spindle is quickly clamped / unfastened by the surface friction clamp via the first friction clamp surface such as the fixed friction surface 65a and the second friction clamp surface such as the rotation friction surface 56c. Since it can be clamped and thus can be quickly rotated and positioned in the B-axis direction, an increase in the processing time due to an increase in the number of times of positioning of the tool spindle is advantageously suppressed.

[0050]

As described above, the first aspect of the present invention has a tool rest body such as a spindle mounting portion 30 and a tool support such as a spindle support 35 is provided on the tool rest main body. Heart CT2
A rotatable tool such as a rotary tool unit 60B is provided on the tool support so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis such as a head rotation drive mechanism 50 or the like via a tool support rotation drive mechanism. A machine tool provided with a turning tool holding mechanism such as a tool holding mechanism 34 in which a tool spindle such as a detachable spindle 32 and the like is rotatably supported and a turning tool is detachably provided, wherein the tool post body is provided. Has a first coupling member such as a fixing coupling 57, and the tool support has a second coupling member such as a rotating portion coupling 56 in a form corresponding to the first coupling member. And a coupling drive mechanism such as a coupling drive mechanism 25 is provided so that the first and second coupling members can be engaged and disengaged from each other at predetermined angles about the rotation axis. Fixed side friction surface 6 a first friction clamp surface such as a, and a second friction clamp surface such as a rotation-side friction surface 56c is formed on the tool support in a form corresponding to the first friction clamp surface. Since the clamp surface driving mechanism such as the mechanism 27 is provided so that the first and second friction clamp surfaces can be freely contacted and released at an arbitrary angle position about the rotation axis, the tool rest main body is provided. The clamping of the tool support side with respect to the side is performed by engagement of the first and second coupling members during turning with a turning tool, and between the first and second friction clamping surfaces during rotation with a rotating tool. It is done by contact. As described above, as a clamping method, a clamp by engagement and a clamp by surface friction can be selectively adopted in accordance with a processing form such as turning or rotation processing. Can improve the rigidity of supporting the tool support with the clamp as much as possible, improve the positioning accuracy, and easily and quickly clamp /
This is a convenient machine tool that can perform unclamping and indexing at an arbitrary angle position (that is, the tool support can be quickly rotated and positioned in the B-axis direction at the smallest possible indexing angle).

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the first aspect, the coupling drive mechanism comprises:
A third coupling member such as a clamp coupling 61 which can simultaneously engage and disengage with the first and second coupling members; Since the disengagement is performed via the third coupling member, the clamp of the tool support to the tool rest body during the turning operation is performed by the first and second clamps described above.
And a three-piece coupling composed of a third coupling member. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the first invention, unlike the two-piece coupling in which the tool support side moves at the time of clamping, the present invention does not require the tool support side to move at the time of clamping. The accuracy of the clamp is improved, the clamp / unclamp operation can be performed quickly, and the entire tool support side does not need to be moved, so that the mechanism is simplified and advantageous.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the first aspect, the second coupling member is annularly arranged around the rotation axis, and the tool support member is driven to rotate. The mechanism has a driving force transmission mechanism such as a power transmission mechanism 30a capable of transmitting a driving force from a power source to the tool support, and the power transmission mechanism includes the second coupling member. In addition to the effect of the invention, it is not necessary to provide a means for receiving the driving force from the driving force transmission mechanism side on the tool support side separately from the second coupling member, so that the members can be saved, and the component can be saved accordingly. This is advantageous because the size, weight and space of the machine can be reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the first aspect, the second friction clamping surface is formed on the second coupling member. Therefore, in addition to the effects of the first aspect, it is not necessary to provide a portion for forming the second friction clamping surface on the tool support side separately from the second coupling member, so that members can be saved, and the portion can be saved accordingly. This is advantageous because the size, weight and space of the machine can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the vicinity of a spindle mounting portion of the machine tool shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing details of a head clamp mechanism of the spindle mounting portion shown in FIG. 2, and is a diagram showing a head clamp state thereof.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the head clamp mechanism shown in FIG. 3, showing a head unclamped state;

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the head clamp mechanism shown in FIG. 3, showing a simplified head clamping state thereof.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the inside of the front door of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machine tool 25 ... Coupling drive mechanism 27 ... Clamp surface drive mechanism 30 ... Turret base body (spindle mounting part) 30a ... Drive force transmission mechanism (power transmission mechanism) 32 ... Tool spindle (spindle) ) 34 turning tool holding mechanism (tool holding mechanism) 35 tool support (spindle support) 50 tool support rotating drive mechanism (head rotating drive mechanism) 56 second coupling member ( Rotating part coupling) 56c Second friction clamping surface (rotating friction surface) 57 First coupling member (fixing coupling) 60B Rotating tool (rotating tool unit) 61 Third Coupling member (clamp coupling) 65a First friction clamping surface (fixed friction surface) 69 Biasing means CT2 Rotation axis (axis)

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yukio Morita 1st station, Oguchi-machi, Oguchi-cho, Niwa-gun, Aichi Prefecture Inside Yamazaki Mazak Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tool support main body, wherein a tool support is rotatably provided on the tool support main body around a predetermined rotation axis via a tool support rotation drive mechanism. A machine tool provided with a turning tool holding mechanism in which a rotating tool is rotatably supported and a turning spindle is provided on a body and a turning tool is detachably mounted, wherein the tool rest body is a first cup; A ring member, the tool support having a second coupling member in a form corresponding to the first coupling member, and a coupling drive mechanism for rotating the first and second coupling members between the first and second coupling members. A first friction clamping surface is formed on the tool rest body, and a second friction clamping surface is formed on the tool support, the first friction clamping surface being provided on the tool support body at a predetermined angle about the dynamic axis.
It is formed in a form corresponding to the friction clamp surface, and the clamp surface drive mechanism is configured such that the first and second friction clamp surfaces are provided so as to be able to abut and release the abutment at an arbitrary angle position about the rotation axis. Machine tool. 2. The coupling drive mechanism has a third coupling member which can be simultaneously engaged and disengaged with the first and second coupling members, and wherein the first and second coupling members are provided.
The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the engagement and disengagement of the coupling members are performed via the third coupling member. 3. The second coupling member is disposed annularly around the rotation axis, and the tool support rotation drive mechanism is capable of transmitting a driving force from a power source to the tool support. The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a driving force transmission mechanism, wherein the power transmission mechanism includes the second coupling member. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said second friction clamping surface is formed on said second coupling member.
The described machine tool.