JPH10325190A - Structure of roof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent radiation of heat to an attic and corrosion of a tilting board to enhance the durability of an entire roof by providing a ventilating layer in a gap formed when a metallic-plate roof is floated from the top of a waterproofing material extended over a bed, placing an air vent between the tilting board and a fascia board, and communicating the air vent with the ventilating layer. SOLUTION: Each second spacer member is installed on the outdoor surface of a fascia board 7 or gable board and in a position such that one plane of the spacer member 2 is higher than the lower surface of a tilting board 6. The second spacer member 2 is laid on the tilting board 6, and a hole is bored through the second spacer member 2 by a screw 10 or the like to form an air vent 12. First spacer members 1 are arranged in vertical and horizontal positions and stuck to the upper surface of a bed plate 9 over which a waterproof sheet 24 is spread. In this case, nails 14 or the like are more narrowly spaced than before to correspond to wind pressure in case of a typhoon, and, if the distance of the roof pitch is long or in an area where a large amount of water may flow, the height of the fascia board 7 or the tilting board 6 is increased. Flashing is provided at the lower end of a metallic plate 3a enclosing the fascia board 6, to prevent entrance of rain in a typhoon. Therefore, construction work can easily be achieved a reduced cost.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation structure for a building roof, which is covered with a metal plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a roof structure in which a metal plate is laid on a wooden base plate has a structure in which a waterproof sheet is stretched on the upper surface of the base plate of the roof or a plate-like heat insulating material is laid, and then a joint is directly formed. However, it was impossible to form a ventilation structure with the above roof.

[0003] In the following description, horizontal roofing means that a long metal plate is roofed at right angles to a roof gradient, and vertical roofing means that a long metal plate is mounted at a roof gradient. It is used as a term that means roofing in parallel.

[0004]

The metal sheet of the roof is made of a material which is easily affected by the temperature difference.
Even if there is a slight gap between the metal plate and the waterproof sheet or the plate-shaped heat insulating material, dew condensation occurs on the lower surface of the metal plate, and condensed water adheres. In particular, in the case of the existing roofing, as shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention, a gap is formed over the entire surface of the roof between the lower surface of the metal plate of the roof and the upper surface of the waterproof sheet. The air in the gap is warmed, the metal plate cools from night to the next morning, and the moist air in the gap becomes condensed water and adheres to the lower surface of the metal plate. Furthermore, in the case of horizontal roofing, after a storm or heavy rain, the joints of the horizontally parallel joints of the metal plates may collect rainwater over the entire length, and part of the collected rainwater may be a metal plate and a waterproof sheet. Or, it is released as moisture in the gap with the plate-shaped heat insulating material, dew condensation adheres to the back surface of the metal plate, the wet state lasts for a long time, and eventually rust occurs, and furthermore, it was installed at the eaves tip Wooden dods are located at the lowest point of the roof where dew condensation tends to collect, and when the entire dod is completely surrounded by a metal plate, no moisture or dew is released and it is the fastest corroded building. However, there was a problem that did not appear on the surface of the building. In addition, in the case of the metal sheet roofing in the summer, the hot air of the metal sheet on the roof upper surface penetrates through the base plate and migrates, and is collected in the back of the hut or in the room.

[0005] A particular problem is that when a spacer member is arranged and installed in a gap in which a metal plate roof is floated from the upper surface of a waterproof material stretched on a roof base to provide a ventilation layer, the thickness is large. Is a 3.5 mm to 4.0 mm thick iron metal plate for general use on the roof. If the spacing between the spacer members supporting the heavy pressure of people and snow is too small, the ventilation action is impaired. If it is too wide, it will crush the ventilation layer and metal plate of the roof from above. In the heat insulating and ventilating structure of a building by the framework method of JP-A-7-42258, there is a problem as described above when a metal plate is laid on the roof. The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the above conventional example,
Its purpose is to provide a roof structure in which a ventilation layer is provided on the underside of a metal-plated roof to discharge hot air to the back of the hut and condensation formed on the underside of the metal plate, An object of the present invention is to prevent corrosion such as edge dross and to increase the durability of the entire roof.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problem.
This is a roof ventilation structure in which a ventilation layer 5 and a ventilation opening 12 are formed on the lower surface of the metal plate roof 3 while solving the problem of crushing from the upper surface due to the heavy pressure caused by snowfall and the like. That is, the metal sheet roof 3 of claim 1 and claim 2 is
It is a vertical roof, and the combination of the first spacer member 1 and the second spacer member 2 allows the metal sheet roof 3 to be stretched on the base plate 9 or the waterproof sheet 4 floating from the base plate 9 to allow ventilation. A plurality of rods 1a parallel to the other direction are provided on the upper surface of a plurality of rods 1b parallel to one direction in a gap easily formed.
A ventilation layer 5 is provided with a first spacer member 1 formed in such a shape that the lower surfaces thereof are overlapped and fixed so as to be perpendicular to each other, a gap between the dove 6 and the gust plate 8, and a dove 6 and a blindfold 7 are provided. The second spacer member is interposed in the gap between
Is formed, and the ventilation layer 5 and the ventilation port 12 are communicated. Claims 1 and 3 are mainly horizontal roofs,
By combining the first spacer member 11 and the second spacer member 2, the metal plate roof 3 is floated from the upper surface of the waterproof sheet 4 stretched on the base plate 9, and a plurality of gaps are formed on the upper surface in a gap where ventilation is easy. 1a spacer 1 having groove 13 formed therein
The first groove 13 is interposed in parallel with the roof gradient upward, and the ventilation layer 5 is formed in the gap between the upper surface of the first spacer member 11 and the lower surface of the metal plate roof 3. And a gap between the tongue 6 and the fascia 7, a ventilation hole 12 formed by interposing the second spacer member 2,
This is a roof ventilation structure which communicates with the roof ventilation layer 5 and has such a configuration. However, in some cases, the waterproof sheet 4 is not stretched, and the sides are closely attached to each other and directly mounted on the base plate 9 with only the 1a spacer member 11 of the waterproof plate-like heat insulating material.

[0007]

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention described above, the first spacer member 1 and the second spacer member 2 are combined in a vertical roof and a horizontal roof. From the upper surface of the laid waterproof sheet 4, the lower surface of the plurality of rods 1a parallel to the other direction is superimposed on the upper surface of the plurality of rods 1b parallel to one direction at a position where the metal plate roof 3 is floated. The first formed in a shape fixed so as to be orthogonal to
In the gap between the lower surface of the metal sheet roof 3 and the waterproof sheet 4, the ventilation layer 5
And a ventilation layer perpendicular to the roof slope,
The air gap 12 is formed in the gap between the air gap 12 and the gap between the tongue 6 and the fascia 7 with a second spacer member interposed therebetween, and the air gap 5 and the air gap 12 are communicated with each other. Further, in the first and third aspects, the first spacer member 11 and the second
A groove 13 on the upper surface of the waterproof sheet 4 laid on the upper surface of the base plate 9 and a groove 13 on the upper surface in parallel with the roof gradient at a position where the metal plate roof 3 is lifted. A plurality of ventilation layers 5 parallel to the slope of the roof are formed on the lower surface of the metal plate roof 3 and the upper surface of the first a spacer member 11 so that the metal plate 3 A plurality of ventilation layers between the existing horizontal sheaves on the lower surface are orthogonal to each other, thereby forming a ventilation layer 5 having a size of the entire surface of the roof.
A ventilation hole 12 is formed in the gap between the airbag and the nose cover 7 with a second spacer member interposed therebetween, and the ventilation layer 5 and the ventilation hole 12 are communicated with each other. As described above, the first spacer member 1 or the 1a-th spacer member 11 allows the metal plate roof 3 to protect the metal plate roof 3 from the pressure caused by snow or snow, while the vent 12 surrounds the entire circumference of the roof in a headband shape. Therefore, the roof has a ventilation structure corresponding to the wind direction in all directions, and the ventilation layer 5 communicating with the ventilation port 12 takes in the outside air into the ventilation layer 5 by utilizing the air pressure, the temperature difference, and the wind direction, or generates waste heat and , Dehumidify.

[0008]

Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, a practical example 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, wherein the most commonly used thickness is 3.5 mm to 4.0 mm.
An embodiment using the iron metal plate roof 3 mm will be described in detail.
The first spacer member 1 is made of a foamed plate-like heat insulating material, is a horizontally long quadrilateral having an overall size of 1,820 mm × 910 mm, and has upper surfaces of a plurality of rods 1 b parallel to one direction. The lower surfaces of a plurality of rods 1a having the same cross section are orthogonally stacked and fixed, and the rods 1a and 1b
Is formed into a lattice-shaped first spacer member 1 with a step, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the cut ends of the rods 1a and 1b are both 10 mm in height and 20 mm in width. The interval between the gaps between the plurality of rods 1a or 1b is 25 mm, and the iron metal plate roof 3 has a dimension 2 at the intersection of the rods 1a and 1b.
The iron metal plate roof 3 is supported by columns having a large number of fulcrums of 0 mm × 20 mm × 20 mm. The second spacer member 2 interposed between the tongue 6, the gable plate 8 and the nose shield 7 is made of a waterproof synthetic resin in consideration of the antiseptic property, the ventilation performance, the invasion of birds, and the wind pressure during a typhoon. Using a material, make the diameter 10 mm to 15 mm smaller than the height of the
The vent hole 12 is formed by forming and installing a disk having a diameter of 5 mm to reduce the air resistance. Further, the form of the second spacer member 2 is not limited to a disk shape, and may be an antiseptic plate material having an outer diameter smaller than the height of the dovetail 6 and a constant thickness. Using the second spacer member 2 and the first spacer member 1 having such a configuration, the thickness is 3.5 mm to 4.0 mm for the vertical roof or the horizontal roof.
The iron metal roof 3 is used.

In other words, the ventilation work process of the vertical roofing and the horizontal roofing of the first embodiment covers one of the individual second spacer members 2 over the entire length of the outdoor surface of the gable plate 8 and the fascia 7 already installed. Is placed at a height of about 10 mm above the lower surface of the tongue 6 at intervals of 200 mm or less, and the tongue 6 is overlaid on the second spacer member 2 and penetrated through the second spacer member 2 with beads 10 or the like. The vent 12 was formed by the installation. Then, the waterproof sheet 4 on the upper surface of the base plate 9 was fixed to the upper surface where the entire surface of the base plate 9 was stretched, and the first spacer members 1 were arranged in a vertical or horizontal position with nails 14 or the like. In the case of horizontal roofing, iron metal plates with a thickness of 3.5 mm to 4.0 mm are sequentially laid in the ridge direction from the horizontal position of the lower end of the eaves, and in the case of vertical roofing, the thickness is 3.5 mm to 4.0 mm.
mm iron metal plates are sequentially laid from one side edge of the roof. At this time, the position of nails 14 for fixing the iron metal plate roof 3 to the base plate 9 is determined by both vertical roofing and horizontal roofing. In addition, it is necessary to make the interval smaller than in the conventional example in accordance with the wind pressure during a typhoon. In addition, since the beads 10 penetrate the second spacer member 2, they do not come into direct contact with moisture or dew water, thereby preventing rust. Further, when the second spacer member 2 is installed on the gable plate 8 and the cover of the nose 7, the reason why the lower surface of the second spacer member 2 is higher by about 10 mm than the lower surface of the doddle 6 is that the drainage of rainwater is performed. When wrapping the gable plate 8 and the fascia 7 with the metal plate 3a, it is necessary to raise the upper end position of the metal plate 3a as high as possible to prevent the backflow of the storm. If the distance of the slope is long or there is a lot of water flow, the height of the fascia 7 and the dodge 6 may be increased, or the lower end of the metal plate 3a surrounding the fascia 7 may be drained to prevent the entry of storms. It is important to do.

[0010]

Embodiment 2 Hereinafter, a practical example 2 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8. FIG. The 1a spacer member 11 includes:
25mm thick, 1820mm long foam foam
X A flat plate having a width of 910 mm and a groove 13 extending over the entire upper surface in parallel with the long side or the short side, and having a width of 25 mm.
mm × depth 15 mm, and a plurality of grooves 13 are formed in parallel at 25 mm intervals, and the total length of the plurality of grooves 13 parallel to the upper surface of the first-a spacer member 11 is parallel to the roof gradient. Install on top. Then, the second spacer member 2 interposed between the tongue 6 and the gable plate 8 and the nose cover 7
Taking into account the antiseptic properties, ventilation performance, bird invasion, wind pressure during typhoons, etc., using a waterproof synthetic resin material, make the diameter 10 mm to 15 mm smaller than the height of the dodge 6, The vent hole 12 is formed by forming and setting a disk shape having a height of 15 mm to reduce air resistance. Further, the form of the second spacer member 2 is not limited to a disk shape, and may be an antiseptic plate material having a constant thickness. Using the second spacer member 2 and the 1a-th spacer member 11 having such a configuration, a thickness of 3.
The iron metal roof 3 of 5 mm to 4.0 mm is used.

[0011] In the ventilation work process of the second embodiment, each of the second bleeding plates 8 and the fascias 7 are individually extended over the entire outdoor surface.
One of the flat surfaces of the spacer member 2 is placed at a distance of about 200 mm or less, at a position about 10 mm higher than the lower surface of the dodge 6,
The tongue 6 is overlaid on the second spacer member 2 to bead 15 or the like.
Then, the second spacer member 2 is penetrated and installed to form a vent 12, and the waterproof sheet 4 is
On the entire surface of the roof, a groove 13 on the upper surface of the first spacer member 11 is installed in close contact with the roof gradient in parallel with the roof gradient, and fixed with nails or the like 14 to provide a joint portion. 3.5
The metal metal roof 3 mm to 40 mm is sequentially laid sideways in the ridge direction from the horizontal position of the eaves, and the position where the metal metal roof 3 is fixed to the base plate 9 corresponds to the wind pressure during a typhoon. Therefore, it is necessary to make the interval smaller than in the conventional example. Further, when the second spacer member 2 is installed on the gable plate 8 and the cover of the nose 7, the reason why the lower surface of the second spacer member 2 is higher by about 10 mm than the lower surface of the doddle 6 is that the drainage of rainwater is performed. When wrapping the gable plate 8 and the fascia 7 with the metal plate 3a, it is necessary to raise the upper end position of the metal plate 3a as much as possible to prevent the backflow of the storm. When the distance is long, or in areas where there is a lot of water flow, the height of the fascia 7 and the dodge 6 can be increased, or the lower end of the metal plate 3a surrounding the fascia 7 can be drained to prevent the entry of storms. It is important to do. In addition, since the above-mentioned beads 10 penetrate the second spacer member 2,
Prevents rust because it does not come into direct contact with moisture or dew.

[0012]

Third Embodiment The shape of the first spacer member 1 and the first spacer member 11 is not limited, and the metal plate roof 3 can be floated and supported. In addition, the ventilation layer 5 communicates with the ventilation port 12. Then, if the upper surface of the metal plate roof 3 and the ventilation layer 5 are prevented from being crushed by snow pressure or the pressure of a person or the like, the upper surface of the metal plate roof 3 may have another shape. Is also good. Also, as for the second spacer member 2, the beads 10 can easily penetrate the second spacer member 2, each has a constant thickness, and withstands pressure bonding when attaching the tongue 6.
Further, any preservative material may be used. As a method of preventing corrosion of the dodge 6, although not shown, a member of the dodge 6 made of wood, synthetic resin, or the like which is resistant to corrosion is used.
If you use the characteristic dent provided with a plurality of convex portions over the entire length in the longitudinal direction at the required position on the side surface that contacts the
If the convex portion has the same function as the second spacer member 2 to form the ventilation port 12, the roof has a ventilation structure communicating with the ventilation layer 5.

Further, the ventilation effect may vary depending on the form of the roof. In the case of a roof having a rectangular shape or a ridge, the position of the ventilation opening 12 from the position of the roof ridge decreases as the slope becomes steeper. Although not shown, it is not shown in the figure, but a separate vent is provided on the small roof that communicates with the ventilation layer 5 in the roof ridge, or a forced ventilation fan is installed on the outer wall, etc., and the connection layer connects the ventilation layer 5 with ventilation. It is also necessary to enhance the action. Furthermore, in order to enhance the ventilation effect, the ventilation layer 5 of the roof structure of the present invention and, as a generally known structure, the entire periphery of the building where the upper end position of the ventilation layer of the outer wall ventilation structure which is often implemented in northern Japan intersects. Since the positions can be easily connected and communicated with each other, the ventilation of the outer wall ventilation structure and the ventilation layer 5 of the roof can be integrated into a ventilation structure. In addition, the first spacer member 1 and the second spacer member 2 shown in the third embodiment.
Although not shown, the mounting method is the same as in the first and second embodiments. When the first a spacer member 11 is used, when the roof surface is steep or the length of the slope is short, only the first spacer member 1 and the first a spacer member 11 are used. Even if you omit the stretch of the waterproof sheet 4,
There is a ventilation effect similar to that described above. In addition, when a large number of grooves orthogonal to the grooves 13 of the first spacer member 11 are newly formed, the lateral ventilation can be further enhanced.

[0014]

The first, second, and third embodiments described above.
Have the following effects. Any construction method other than a wooden hut can be applied to any roof that uses a wooden foundation plate 9, as well as a steep roof with a wooden foundation, a single-sided roof,
Applicable to flat roof. Also, the first spacer member 1,
In particular, the first base member 11a is a metal plate roof 3 made of iron.
To prevent the hot air from penetrating to the back of the hut and to prevent the ventilation layer 5 of the roof and the metal sheet roof 3 from being crushed by a person or the like placed on the metal sheet roof 3 or by the heavy pressure due to the snow and the like. Further, the construction cost is low, the construction is very simple, and the roof covering the metal plate roof 3 and the waterproof sheet 4
The lower surface of the metal plate roof 3 is always in a dry state because dew condensation and moisture between the metal plate 3 and the metal plate 3a are easily discharged, and the rust generated by corrosion from the cut surface of the rear surface of the metal plate roof 3 or the joint of the metal plate 3a. Of the wooden building, and the wooden corridor 6, which is the fastest corroded eaves among the wooden buildings, can be protected from moisture, dew condensation water, and corrosion. In addition, when the metal plate roof 3 is replaced with a tiled roof and the 1a spacer member 11 made of a plate-like heat insulating material having a thickness of 50 mm or more is used to make the metal plate roof 3 a horizontal roof, the heat insulating effect from the roof to the back of the shed is further improved. Furthermore, since the entire roof is lighter, the effect of the building on seismic resistance is great, and the construction cost can be competitive with that of the roofing work, making it extremely inexpensive. Example 3
The tongue 6 provided with a plurality of convex portions over the entire length in the longitudinal direction further simplifies roof construction. In particular, if each ventilation layer is communicated at a position where the roof structure of the present invention and the conventional outer wall ventilation structure intersect, the cool air from under the base of the outdoor building due to the temperature difference of the outside air is reduced to the outer wall. The ventilation structure of the outer wall and the ventilation structure of the roof have extremely higher ventilation efficiencies than the ventilation structure of a single structure, because the ventilation structure is passed through the ventilation layer of the roof and further discharged to the outside by being guided by the ventilation layer 5 of the warm roof. That is, the entire roof and the entire outer wall of the building are surrounded by the integral ventilation layer 5, so that the ventilation effect can be enhanced more than before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part using a first spacer member 1 and a second spacer member 2 for a nose cover 7 showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part using a first spacer member 1 and a second spacer member for a gable plate 8 showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part in which a first spacer member 1 and a second spacer member are used for a steep roof showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of a single-flow roof showing an embodiment of the present invention, using a first spacer member 1 and a second spacer member.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first spacer member 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a second spacer member 2 showing the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows a 1a spacer member 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention.
1 and a perspective view using a second spacer member

FIG. 8 shows a 1a spacer member 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention.
1 perspective view

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st spacer member 1a Rod 1b Rod 2 2nd spacer member 3 Metal plate roof 3a Metal plate 4 Waterproof sheet 5 Vent layer 6 Dove 7 Nose concealment 8 Gout plate 9 Base plate 10 Bees etc. 11 1a spacer Member 12 Vent 13 Groove 14 Nail

Claims (3)

[Claims] A first spacer member interposed at a position where a gap formed by floating the entire metal plate of the roof from an upper surface of a waterproof material stretched on a roof base material is provided on a roof covered with a metal plate; The ventilation layer is formed, and a ventilation hole is formed at an appropriate interval between a gap between the stagnant plate and the gable plate and a gap between the stasis and the fascia with a second spacer member interposed therebetween. The roof structure is characterized by communicating with the roof. 2. A first spacer member and a plate-shaped second spacer molded into a shape in which the lower surfaces of a plurality of rods parallel to the other direction are superposed and fixed on the upper surfaces of a plurality of rods parallel to one direction. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the member is made of a member. 3. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein a first spacer member having a plurality of grooves formed on the upper surface of the plate body in parallel with the roof gradient and a plate-shaped second spacer member are used.