JPH10313684A - Method for greening desert - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method capable of controlling flood in a wide range of desert by an easy and inexpensive construction method thereby greening the desert. SOLUTION: A water holding film 1 provided with an easily mater absorptive property and a slight water releasing property is spread in a desert region. Or, a water holding container, which consists of an upper lid provided with plural little supply ports and a side wall and a base plate provided with plural little discharge ports and where a water holding material is sealed inside is embedded in the neighborhood of the ground surface of the desert region. Or a high absorptive layer is provided on the desert surface. Thus, condensed moisture during night and water by rainfall are efficiently taken into the desert together with nutrients, the increase of an effective water area from which a plant can execute absorption is drastically promoted and a harvesting quantity is drastically increased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for greening a desert, and more particularly, to a method for controlling a wide range of deserts by a simple and inexpensive construction method, and as a result, desert greening.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, desertification due to changes in the global environment is a major international issue, and existing deserts existing in Central Asia and Africa are expanding at a tremendous rate. New deserts are also emerging due to unplanned logging of plants in developing countries.

The causes of such desertification are as follows:
One can be considered.

[0004] One is an area where the amount of rainfall is extremely low throughout the year, so that the plants die and become desert. In particular, recently, due to atmospheric fluctuations caused by global warming and the like, the area where the amount of rainfall decreases is increasing, and desertification is accelerating. This problem can only be solved by restoring the global environment to the level of this century or by flood control of the desert to prevent desertification.

[0005] The other is that rain falls fairly, but because there is no water retention on the land, rain flows along with fertilizer, and plants die and desertify. In developing countries, unrestricted logging and incineration of plants are not performed, and no tree planting is carried out on the former sites.Therefore, water retention cannot be maintained even if it rains, and the soil that is rich in nutrients on the surface is washed away. It will be lost.

If left as it is, there is a great risk that almost all of the earth's greenery will become desertified in the near future due to an increase in the earth's population and changes in environmental conditions. Therefore, it is our duty today to prevent the spread and emergence of deserts on a global scale and to pass on the wonderful earth to the next generation of humanity.

At present, countermeasures such as flood control work, planting trees and restricting the cutting of vegetation are being taken internationally as measures against desertification. It is being done.

[0008]

However, the area of the desert to be addressed is enormous, and considering international issues, these countermeasures are not fundamental. In other words, even if flood control works are to be applied to the entire vast desert, it is far from realizable because it requires enormous costs. Therefore, greening is also limited to a limited area.

[0009] It is difficult to limit the cutting and burning of plants unless the lives of people in developing countries are stabilized.

Therefore, it has been desired to realize a desert greening method that can solve these problems.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method that can control floods in a wide range of deserts with a simple and inexpensive method, and as a result, deserts can be planted.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have made intensive research efforts on the problems of flood control and afforestation in the desert, and as a result, have applied superabsorbent plastics and biodegradable plastics. Can easily replenish water and nutrients throughout the year in a desert sand area by a simple method, resulting in a large increase in the available water area that can be absorbed by plants and a large increase in yield I found what I could do.

In the first desert greening method of the present invention, a water retention film having easy water absorption and poor water release is laid in a desert area to utilize condensed water on the ground surface at low temperature at night to easily absorb water. And the condensed water is supplied to the sandy ground to prevent evaporation of the water from the water retaining film at high temperatures in the daytime by using the hard water release.

A second desert greening method according to the present invention comprises a top cover having a plurality of fine water supply ports, a side wall and a bottom plate having a plurality of fine water discharge ports, and a water retention container in which a water retention material is sealed. By burying near the ground surface of the desert area, the moisture taken in and accumulated in the water retention material during rainfall is gradually discharged to the outside through a water discharge port, and constantly keeps supplying water to plants. .

A third desert greening method according to the present invention is characterized in that a high water absorption layer is provided on the surface of a desert to efficiently take in condensed moisture at night or moisture due to rainfall into a sandy land.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

As described above, in the first desert greening method of the present invention, the water-retentive film having easy water absorption and poor water release is spread over the desert area so that the condensed water on the ground surface can be easily removed at low temperature at night. In addition to taking in the water retention film by using water absorption, the condensed water is supplied to the sandy ground, and at high temperature in the daytime, evaporation of the water from the water retention film is prevented by using hard water release.

The temperature in the desert area varies greatly between cold and warm, and is hot during the day and cold at night. Therefore, at night, moisture in the air condenses and becomes dew, covering the ground surface. If this condensed water can be used effectively, it can greatly contribute to flood control of deserts in desert areas where the amount of rainfall is extremely small.

FIG. 1 shows the structure of an easily water-absorbing and water-repellent water-retaining film, wherein 1 is a water-retaining film, 2 is a capillary tissue surface layer, 3 is a water-retaining layer, 4 is a water-retaining layer, 5 is a desert layer. It is sandy ground.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the structure of the capillary tissue surface layer 2. In the structure of FIG. 2, the highly water-absorbing plastic 7 is evenly spread on the first water-absorbing paper 6, and The pulp material 8 is evenly sprayed, and the second water-absorbing paper 9 is further laid on the pulp material 8 and pressed. The configuration shown in FIG. First
And pressed between the second water-absorbing paper 6 and 9.

Each of the capillary tissue surface layers 2 having these structures has both the characteristics of excellent absorption of the superabsorbent plastic 7 and the speed of absorption of the pulp material 8.

As the material of the water retention layer 3 forming the water retention film 1, a super water-absorbent plastic is preferable because it can efficiently take in condensed water from the capillary tissue surface layer 2.

Examples of these superabsorbent plastics include synthetic polymers such as polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylamides and polyoxyethylenes, starches (graft of acrylic acid and acrylonitrile onto starch) and Cellulosic (methylcellulose) and mixtures thereof can be applied,
Considering the effect on the environment, starch-based or cellulose-based superabsorbent plastics are preferred.

Since the water retention film 1 having easy water absorption and poor water release has a structure as shown in FIG. 1, moisture in the air condensed on the ground surface at low temperature at night can be efficiently transferred to the capillary tissue surface layer 2. The water is sucked and accumulated in the internal water retention layer 3, and is supplied to the desert sandy land 5 through the water discharge layer 4.

On the other hand, when the temperature is high in the daytime, the capillary tissue surface layer 2
Owing to the difficult water discharge effect, the movement of moisture from the water retaining layer 3 to the surface is small.

That is, the moisture contained in the air is always the capillary tissue surface layer 2, the water retention layer 3, the water discharge layer 4, and the sand ground 5.
The water is absorbed in the desert in this order, and the water does not move in the opposite direction.

As described above, by laying the water-absorbing film 1 of the present invention having easy water absorption and poor water release in a desert area,
The water can be supplied to the sandy land 5 in the desert without artificially applying water, and the growth of the plant can be assisted.

Needless to say, it is more effective if water is artificially replenished at night or in the morning when the temperature is low.

If a starch-based or cellulose-based superabsorbent plastic is used as a raw material of the superabsorbent plastic 7, it does not affect the environment of the desert even after the greening is achieved, and the starvation does not occur. In the state, it can be recycled as a raw material for processed food.

By laying the water retention film, the temperature difference between the daytime and nighttime of the sand is reduced due to the heat retention effect of the water retention film, and a favorable environment for growing the crop is provided.

A second desert greening method according to the present invention comprises a top cover having a plurality of fine water supply ports, a side wall and a bottom plate having a plurality of fine water discharge ports, and a water retention container in which a water retention material is sealed. By burying near the ground surface of the desert area, the moisture taken in and accumulated in the water retention material during rainfall is gradually discharged to the outside through a water discharge port, and constantly keeps supplying water to plants. .

Here, the desert does not mean that no rain will fall. When it falls, a considerable amount of rain falls, but it runs off because there is no water retention effect on the ground, and when it does not fall, it does not fall at all, so it becomes dry and desertification progresses.

[0033] Therefore, if water from the rain can be effectively accumulated and gradually supplied to the sand throughout the year, it can greatly contribute to flood control in the desert.

FIG. 4 shows the structure of a water retention container enclosing the water retention material, wherein 10 is a water retention container, 11 is an upper lid having a plurality of fine water supply ports 12, and 13 is a plurality of fine water discharge ports. Side wall with 14; 15 with a plurality of fine outlets 1
4 is a bottom plate, 16 is a water retention material enclosed in the container 10, and 17 is a desert sand.

Since the container 10 is configured as shown in FIG. 4, rain and artificially supplied water are absorbed by the water retaining material 16 in the water retainer 10 through the water supply port 12 and accumulated.

The water accumulated in the water retaining material 16 is
Water is gradually supplied to the desert sand through a fine water outlet 14 formed in the bottom plate 15.

In this case, the water-absorbing material 16 is preferably the above-mentioned high water-absorbing plastic. Particularly, if a starch-based or cellulose-based high-water-absorbing plastic is used, it does not adversely affect the desert environment.

In addition, nitrogen, phosphorus,
Mixing fertilizers containing nutrients such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium is more effective for plant growth because these nutrients are absorbed into the sand with moisture.

Examples of such nutrients include household garbage, fallen leaves, and fertile sludge deposited on lakes and river bottoms. These nutrients are preliminarily dehydrated and sealed in a water holding container. Good to keep.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, if the upper lid 11 is provided with a mortar-shaped cover 18, moisture due to rainfall can be efficiently taken into the water retention container 10.

As a material for forming the water retaining container 10, a biodegradable plastic is preferable in consideration of the desert environment.

Examples of the biodegradable plastic include microbial biodegradable plastics such as bacterial cellulose (BC), 3-hydroxybutyric acid / 3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolymer (PHB / V), microbial polysaccharide, and poly (vinyl). Alcohol) (PVA), poly (ε-caprolactone)
(PCL), poly-γ-methyl-L-glutamate)
(PMLG), polylactic acid, polyglycolide, fatty acid polyester (succinic acid and butanediol / ethylene glycol polyester), chitosan and cellulose mixture,
Chemically synthesized biodegradable plastics such as starch / PLC / PVA alloy and starch / polyolefin alloy can be applied.

These biodegradable plastics decompose and return to nature at the stage where greening is achieved, and do not affect the environment of the desert.

The materials constituting the water retention container 10 include poly (sodium acrylate) (PSA), poly (sodium 2-hydroxyacrylate) (PHA),
Acidic polyamide, sodium polyglyoxylate (SP
G), a biodegradable water-soluble plastic such as a high molecular weight dicarboxylated polysaccharide, a polycarboxylate having an ether bond, or a low molecular weight polycarboxylate may be used.

As the water retaining material 16, gelatin may be used.

Gelatin is a type of protein, which swells in cold water and dissolves in warm water to form a highly viscous sol.
% Or more have the property of becoming an elastic gel at room temperature.

The third desert greening method according to the present invention is characterized in that a high water absorption layer is provided on the surface of the desert, so that condensed moisture at night and moisture due to rainfall are efficiently taken into the sand.

The superabsorbent layer in the present invention may be a powdery or particulate superabsorbent plastic uniformly mixed with sand, or a film superabsorbent plastic spread over a desert. .

When the superabsorbent layer is a layer in which powdery or particulate superabsorbent plastic is uniformly mixed with sand, the amount of superabsorbent plastic mixed with the sand is 0.1%.
It is sufficient to mix up to 0.3%.

When the superabsorbent layer is made of a film-like superabsorbent plastic spread over a desert, the method of producing the superabsorbent plastic film includes shearing the swollen superabsorbent plastic gel. After applying force to a viscous state and flowing it to a predetermined size,
The film can be formed by casting.

By taking measures to provide the above-mentioned high water absorption layer in desert sandy land, it is possible to greatly increase the effective water area that can be absorbed by plants, and to greatly increase the yield.

[0052]

[Function] Highly water-absorbing plastic has a threatening water absorption and water retention ability. For example, sodium acrylate or starch / acrylic acid absorbs 1000 times as much water as its own and expands to provide excellent water retention. Show.

The excellent water absorption of such a water-absorbing plastic is expressed by the following principle.

(1) When a water-absorbing plastic having a large number of hydrophilic groups comes into contact with water, the plastic begins to dissolve in water and starts to spread, and the osmotic pressure generated by the ion concentration inside the material is higher than that outside water. Water is absorbed inside the material.

(2) Negative ions of the hydrophilic group repel each other, which further promotes spreading.

(3) Due to the three-dimensional structure, if it spreads to some extent, it will not spread any more, and it will stop as if the fishing net was spread. Water is trapped in each of the polymer networks to generate water absorption.

[0057]

Example 1 A powdery superabsorbent plastic made of starch grafted with acrylonitrile was evenly sprayed on a thick tissue paper, and a finely ground pulp material was evenly sprayed thereon, and then further spread thereon. Thick tissue paper was stacked and pressed to form a capillary tissue surface layer having the configuration shown in FIG.

A thick tissue paper is spread as a water discharge layer on a sandy area of 50 m in a desert area where there is almost no rain throughout the year, and a powdery superabsorbent plastic made of starch grafted with acrylonitrile is spread evenly thickly on the tissue paper. Then, a water retention layer was formed, and the above-mentioned capillary tissue surface layer was further laminated thereon to obtain a water retention film structure having the structure shown in FIG.

Sprout 30 with no sprout on land in this state
After planting the book and initially supplying water, it was left for one month without allowing it to flow naturally.

As a comparison, 30 young trees without buds were planted directly on adjacent sandy grounds of the same size, and after the initial water supply, the water was left to the water and left for one month without water supply. did.

In the sandy ground treated with the water retention film, moisture in the air condensed on the water retention film at night, but this moisture was absorbed by the surface layer of the capillary tissue of the water retention film and moved to the internal water retention layer.

[0062] In the morning, when the water retention film was partially removed, the sandy ground under the film was wet.

In the evening after the high temperature condition in the daytime, when the water retention film was partially removed in the same manner, the sandy ground therebelow was slightly wet, though not so much as in the morning.

On the other hand, in a sandy land where no measures are taken with a water retention film, the water condensed at night becomes slightly moist, but the water condensed evaporates during the day.
From the state.

One month later, on the sandy land covered with the water retention film, all 30 young trees grew and grew lushly.

However, the young tree planted directly on the sandy ground did not sprout, and the young tree itself became dead.

As described above, by taking measures to provide the water retention film on the desert sand, it is possible to efficiently take in the condensed water at night and the water due to rainfall into the sand, and greatly increase the effective water area that the plants can absorb. And increased the yield significantly.

[0068]

Example 2 A 1: 1 mixture of a powdery superabsorbent plastic made of acrylonitrile-grafted starch and a finely ground pulp material was evenly spread on a thick tissue paper, and a thick tissue was placed thereon. The paper was stacked and pressed to form a capillary tissue surface layer having the configuration shown in FIG.

In the same desert area as in Example 1, a thick tissue paper was spread as a water discharge layer on a sandy area of 50 m square.
A water-retentive layer is formed by thickly spraying a powdery superabsorbent plastic made of starch grafted with acrylonitrile, and a water-retentive layer is further formed thereon. And

Thereafter, as in Example 1, 30 young trees were planted on the sand treated with the water-retaining film and on the sand not treated, and the growth of each tree was observed for one month.

One month later, on the sandy land covered with the water retention film, all 30 young trees grew and grew lushly.

However, the young trees planted directly on the sandy ground did not sprout, and the young trees themselves became dead.

As described above, by taking measures to provide the water retention film on the desert sand, the condensed water at night or the water due to the rain can be efficiently taken into the sand, and the effective water area that can be absorbed by the plants is greatly increased. And increased the yield significantly.

[0074]

Example 3 A 1: 1 mixture of powdery superabsorbent plastic made of methylcellulose and finely ground pulp material was evenly spread on a thick tissue paper, and a thick tissue paper was placed thereon. It pressed and formed the capillary tissue surface layer of the structure of FIG.

A thick tissue paper was spread as a water discharge layer on a 50 m square in the same desert sand area as in Example 1.
A water-retentive layer was formed by spraying a powdery superabsorbent plastic made of methylcellulose thickly and evenly thereon, and the above-mentioned capillary tissue surface layer was further laminated thereon to obtain a water-retentive film structure having the structure shown in FIG. .

Thereafter, as in Example 1, 30 young trees were planted on sand treated with the water-retaining film and sand not treated, respectively, and the growth status of each one month was observed.

One month later, on the sandy land covered with the water retention film, all 30 young trees grew and grew lushly.

However, the young trees planted directly on the sandy ground did not sprout, and the young trees themselves became dead.

As described above, by taking a measure to provide the water retention film on the desert sand, the condensed water at night or the water due to the rain can be efficiently taken into the sand, and the effective water area that can be absorbed by the plants is greatly increased. And increased the yield significantly.

[0080]

Example 4 A cylindrical water-holding container having a diameter of 30 cm and a height of 1 m comprising a top cover, side walls and a bottom plate having a structure shown in FIG. 4 was formed from polyvinyl alcohol (PVC) as a raw material, and fertile sludge from a lake water bottom was formed therein. A mixture of dried matter and dead leaves was filled as a water retention material together with powdered starch-based superabsorbent plastic without gaps.

In this case, a mortar-shaped cover having a structure shown in FIG. 5 and having a diameter of 1 m was attached around the upper lid in order to efficiently collect moisture.

Of course, this cover does not have a mouth-piercing structure.

The size of the water supply opening formed in the upper lid was set to be large enough to allow water to flow by precipitation.

The size of the water outlet formed in the side wall and the bottom plate was set to a size sufficient to gradually supply the water and nutrients accumulated in the water retention container to the sandy ground.

The water retention container having such a configuration was embedded at regular intervals in a 50-meter square of a desert area having a rainfall of several hundred mm so that the mortar-shaped cover portion became the ground surface.

[0086] In the land where the water retention container is embedded in this way, 30 young trees without sprout are planted, and after initially supplying water to the water retention material in the water retention container, the water is left to the natural water supply. Left for half a year.

Also, as a comparison, after planting 30 young trees without buds directly on adjacent sandy grounds of the same size, and initially supplying water to the sandy ground, the water was not left to natural water supply. Left for half a year.

During the last six months, this desert area has about 2
There was a rainfall of 00 mm.

One month later, all 30 young trees grew and grew lushly on the sandy ground treated with a water retention container filled with a water retention material.

However, the young tree planted directly on the sandy ground did not sprout, and the young tree itself became dead.

The surface of the PVC constituting the water-holding container was considerably degraded and returned to its natural state. After three years, the PVC was decomposed so that the original shape could not be maintained.

As described above, by taking measures to provide the water retention container on the desert sandy land, the water from rainfall can be efficiently taken into the sandy land together with nutrients, and the effective water area that can be absorbed by plants is greatly increased. As a result, the yield was greatly increased.

[0093]

Example 5 The same experiment as in Example 4 was conducted except that a superabsorbent plastic made of methylcellulose was used as the base of the water retention material.

This experiment was also performed at the same time in the desert in the same place as in Example 4.

In this case as well, after one month, all the 30 young trees grew and grew lushly in the sandy ground, which had been treated with a water retention container filled with methylcellulose, dried sludge, and dead leaves as water retention materials.

However, the young tree planted directly on the sandy ground did not sprout, and the young tree itself became dead.

As described above, by taking measures to provide the water retention container on the desert sandy land, the water due to rainfall can be efficiently taken into the sandy land together with nutrients, and the effective water area that can be absorbed by the plant is greatly increased. As a result, the yield was greatly increased.

[0098]

Example 6 The same experiment as in Example 4 was conducted except that gelatin was used as the base of the water retention material.

This experiment was also performed at the same time in the desert in the same place as in Example 4.

In this case also, one month later, all 30 young trees grew and grew lushly in a sandy ground treated with a container filled with gelatin, dried sludge, and dead leaves as water retention materials.

However, the young tree planted directly on the sandy ground did not sprout, and the young tree itself became dead.

As described above, by taking measures to provide the water retention container on the desert sandy land, it is possible to efficiently take in water due to rainfall into the sandy land together with nutrients, thereby greatly increasing the effective water area that can be absorbed by plants. As a result, the yield was greatly increased.

[0103]

Embodiment 7 At the same time on the same desert surface as in Embodiment 4,
A powdery starch-based superabsorbent plastic was uniformly mixed with sand and a superabsorbent layer having a uniform thickness was provided.

In this case, the mixing amount of the starch-based superabsorbent plastic in the sand was 0.3%.

The desert 5 having the high water absorption layer thus formed
Thirty young trees without sprouting were planted in a square of 0 m, and after water was supplied at the initial stage, the water was left to water naturally and left for half a year.

As a comparison, 30 young trees without buds were planted directly on adjacent sandy grounds of the same size, and water was initially supplied to the sandy land. Left for half a year.

[0107] During the last six months, about 2
There was a rainfall of 00 mm.

Six months later, in the sandy ground where the water-absorbing layer was formed, all 30 young trees grew and grew green.

However, the young trees planted directly on the sandy ground did not sprout, and the young trees themselves became dead.

As described above, by taking measures to provide a high water-absorbing layer on desert sandy land, condensed water at night,
We can take in moisture from rainfall into sand efficiently,
It greatly accelerated the effective water area that can be absorbed by plants and greatly increased the yield.

[0111]

Example 8 At the same time on the same desert surface as in Example 4,
A 50 m-square of a film-type starch-based superabsorbent plastic was laid as a superabsorbent layer, and overlaid with sand to such an extent that the superabsorbent layer was hidden.

As a method for producing such a starch-based superabsorbent plastic film, a swollen starch-based superabsorbent plastic gel is subjected to a shearing force to make it into a viscous state, which is then flown to a predetermined size. After that, a film was formed by casting.

After that, the same experiment as in Example 7 was carried out. As a result, half a year later, in the sandy ground where the high water absorption layer was formed, all 30 young trees grew and grew lushly.

However, the young trees planted directly on the sandy ground did not sprout, and the young trees themselves became dead.

As described above, by taking measures to provide a high water absorption layer in desert sandy land, condensed water at night,
We can take in moisture from rainfall into sand efficiently,
It greatly accelerated the effective water area that can be absorbed by plants and greatly increased the yield.

[0116]

As described above, by adopting the desert greening method of the present invention, condensed water at night,
Water from rainfall could be efficiently taken into the sand with nutrients, and the effective water area that plants could absorb was greatly promoted, and the yield could be greatly increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an easily water-absorbing and hardly-releasing water retention film relating to a desert greening method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a capillary tissue surface layer constituting a water retention film relating to a desert greening method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing another embodiment of the configuration of the capillary tissue surface layer constituting the water retention film relating to the desert greening method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a water retention container relating to a desert greening method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the upper lid of the water retention container relating to the desert greening method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water retention film 2 Capillary tissue surface layer 3 Water retention layer 4 Water discharge layer 5 Desert sandy land 6 First water absorbent paper 7 High water absorbent plastic 8 Pulp 9 Second water absorbent paper 10 Water retainer 11 Top lid 12 Water supply port 13 Side wall 14 Water discharge port 15 Bottom plate 16 Water retention material 17 Desert sandy ground 18 Mortar-shaped cover

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yukio Shimo 3-19-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (72) Inventor Mikio Takeshima 1-3-1 Gotenyama, Musashino City, Tokyo Inside NTT Advanced Technology Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsuro Wada Inside Wamondo Co., Ltd.

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A water retention film having easy water absorption and low water release is laid in a desert area to take in condensed water on the ground surface into the water retention film at low temperature at night by using easy water absorption. Water to the sandy ground,
A desert tree planting method characterized by preventing the evaporation of water from the water retention film by using difficult water release. 2. The desert greening method according to claim 1, wherein the water retention film according to claim 1 comprises a capillary tissue surface layer, a water retention layer and a water discharge layer. 3. The surface layer of the capillary tissue according to claim 2, wherein the superabsorbent polymer is uniformly dispersed on the water-absorbing paper, the pulp material is uniformly dispersed thereon, and the water-absorbing paper is further laminated thereon and pressed. A desert greening method characterized by the fact that 4. A desert characterized in that the capillary tissue surface layer according to claim 2 is a mixture of a highly water-absorbing polymer and a pulp material, which is sandwiched between two sheets of water-absorbing paper. Greening method. 5. A desert greening system, wherein the water retention layer according to claim 2 and the superabsorbent polymer according to claim 3 or 4 are starch or cellulose superabsorbent plastics. 6. A water retention container having an upper lid having a plurality of fine water supply ports, a side wall and a bottom plate having a plurality of fine water discharge ports, and having a water retention material sealed therein is buried near the ground surface in the desert area. A desert greening method characterized by gradually discharging the water taken in and accumulated in the water retention material during rainfall to the outside through a water discharge port to constantly supply water to plants. 7. A desert greening system according to claim 6, wherein the material constituting the water retention container is biodegradable plastic. 8. A desert greening system according to claim 6, wherein the water retention material is a superabsorbent plastic. 9. The superabsorbent plastic according to claim 8,
A desert greening method characterized by being a starch-based or cellulosic super-absorbent plastic. 10. A desert greening method according to claim 6, wherein the water retention material is gelatin. 11. A desert greening system, wherein the water retention material according to claim 6 contains phytonutrients and a large amount of water in advance. 12. A desert greening system according to claim 6, wherein the upper lid has a mortar shape. 13. A desert greening method characterized by providing a highly water-absorbing layer on the surface of a desert to efficiently take in condensed water at night or water from rainfall into a sandy land. 14. A desert greening system, wherein the superabsorbent layer according to claim 13 is a mixture of powdery or particulate superabsorbent plastic and sandy ground. 15. A desert greening method according to claim 13, wherein the super absorbent layer is a film-shaped super absorbent plastic.