JPH10306778A - Pump head and reciprocating pump using it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pump head easy to manufacture and assemble/ disassemble, lightweight and high in reliability, and a reciprocating pump using the pump head. SOLUTION: A pump head is provided with a plurality of plunger cases 5 respectively pierced with a plurality of plungers 3, a support frame 9 removably fixed to a crankcase so as to support the plunger cases 5 in a parallel arranged state, and head plates 10 individually arranged on the tip side of the respective plunger cases 5 and formed of cover members clamp-fixed to the support frame 9 through the plunger cases 5 in such a way that one end of a passage 10b provided at each cover member in correspondence with the plunger case 5 is communicated with a pump chamber 5c in the plunger case 5, while the other end of the passage 10b is formed as a valve connecting joint, and the drum part internal wall of the plunger case 5 and the plunger 3 are sealed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pump head applied to a high-pressure pump for generating a high pressure and an ultra-high pressure in a liquid phase, and a reciprocating pump using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a reciprocating pump reciprocates a plunger in a cylinder, and correspondingly opens and closes a flow path to a suction pipe or a discharge pipe via a valve to change the volume of fluid in the pump chamber. By doing so, the fluid is sent to the high pressure side.

This type of reciprocating pump is used for cleaning drains, ships and the like in chemical plants, food processing factories and buildings, or for maintenance and cleaning of civil engineering and construction machines. It is used by being incorporated into a jet processing machine or an electronic component cleaning device.

As shown in FIG. 4, a general configuration of a reciprocating pump includes a crankshaft 61 provided in a crankcase 60 and a connecting rod 62 having one end connected to the crankshaft 61. A plunger 64 connected to the other end of the connecting rod 62 and reciprocating in the cylinder 63; and a valve case 65 attached to the distal end of the crankcase 60 so as to close the opening of the crankcase 60.
It is mainly composed of

[0005] In the suction stroke, the plunger 64 moves to the left in the suction stroke, the volume in the valve case 65 increases by the moved volume, and the pressure is reduced. Fluid is sucked from the water supply port 66 by the force of the air pressure, and the valve case 65 is
Fluid is taken in. In the discharge stroke,
As shown in b), the plunger 64 moves rightward, and the fluid in front of the plunger 64 pushes the discharge side valve 68 open and is discharged from the discharge port 69.

In the configuration in which the plunger 64 reciprocates, the pressure and the flow rate fluctuate in the discharge flow. Therefore, in general, an accumulator for absorbing pressure pulsation is provided in the discharge pipe to reduce pulsation. By increasing the number of cylinders, the number of discharges during one rotation of the crankshaft is increased and the flow is averaged by using a so-called multiple type.

[0007]

However, a conventional valve case is usually formed of a block-shaped heavy object integrally formed by casting or forging, and is subjected to precision cutting by a machine tool. Inside the pressure chamber 65a, the suction passage 65b, and the discharge passage 65c are formed in a complicated manner. Therefore, it is not easy to manufacture the pressurizing chamber and the valve section, and when assembling or disassembling and performing repair, even if the reciprocating pump has a relatively small shape, a multiple pressurizing chamber is used. And the valves are all one-piece heavy objects, so multiple workers must handle them using a crane, and they must handle them carefully so as not to damage or damage the plunger or packing. However, there is a problem that workability is poor. Furthermore, there is also a disadvantage that the entire valve case must be removed from the crankcase every time repair is performed.

In the conventional valve case, the pressure chamber 6
5a, when the suction passage 65b and the discharge passage 65c are cut, the suction passage 65b or the discharge passage 65c is orthogonal to the pressurizing chamber 65a in the valve case 65, and the portion where the pressurizing chamber and the passage intersect Will be formed with corners. If the corner of the reciprocating pump is exposed to a high-pressure or ultra-high-pressure pulsating flow, low-cycle fatigue failure is likely to occur from the corner, and the valve case 65 may be broken.

In order to prevent breakage, it is conceivable to use a more expensive high-strength material or to select a hard member that has been subjected to a treatment such as quenching. Lightening will be hindered,
Processing becomes difficult and handling becomes more difficult.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional reciprocating pump, and has a simple and lightweight pump head which is easy to manufacture, assemble, disassemble, and has high reliability. And a reciprocating pump using the same.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A pump head according to the present invention comprises a reciprocating pump for reciprocating a plunger in a cylinder, opening and closing a suction flow passage or a discharge flow passage by a valve in response to the reciprocating movement of the plunger. In the pump head, (a) a plurality of plunger cases each of which allows a plurality of plungers projecting from the crankcase to pass through the shaft,
(b) a support portion for supporting the plurality of plunger cases in a state of being arranged in parallel with each other, and an attachment portion extending from the support portion and fixing the support portion to the crankcase in a detachable manner. A support frame, and (c) a lid-like member which is individually arranged at the tip end side of each plunger case and is fixedly fastened to the support portion via the plunger case, and a passage formed in the lid-like member is formed. A head plate having one end communicating with the pump chamber in the plunger case and a coupling portion for valve connection formed at the other end of the passage; and (d)
The gist of the invention is to provide a sealing means for sealing the inner wall of the plunger case with the plunger. The fluid in the present invention refers to a liquid fluid including a liquid and a material composed of powder.

In the pump head according to the present invention, each plunger case is composed of a cylinder whose outer diameter decreases stepwise in the mounting direction, and these cylinders are inserted into the support portion of the support frame. Through holes are arranged,
It is preferable that the insertion depth of the plunger case is determined by contacting the large-diameter end of the cylinder with the periphery of the through hole. Further, it is preferable that the mounting portion and the head plate of the support frame are fixed to the crankcase and the support portion using bolts.

Preferably, the sealing means is formed by alternately stacking a large number of ramie seals and resin backup rings in the axial direction of the plunger. According to such a seal structure, the liquid tightness between the inner wall of the plunger case and the plunger is improved, and the liquid tightness is ensured even when the slurry is handled at a high pressure.

The gist of the reciprocating pump of the present invention is that a head plate is constituted so as to cover each plunger case independently, and a valve is connected to each head plate.

Further, in the reciprocating pump of the present invention, a head plate is formed in an integral structure so as to cover the plunger case in common, and a valve is connected to a valve connection joint of the head plate. The gist is to become

According to the pump head of the present invention, the valve for sucking and discharging the fluid and the pressurizing chamber for pressurizing the fluid are formed separately, and the plunger reciprocates in the cylinder for the pump head. Since only a simple pressurizing function is performed, the drilling of an orthogonal hole in which a corner is left in a portion of the pump head exposed to a high-pressure or ultra-high-pressure pulsating flow is eliminated.

Further, since a pump head is provided independently for each plunger and a joint is formed so that a valve can be connected to each head plate, a reciprocating pump having a valve connected to the joint of the head plate is provided. According to the above, the pump head can be easily attached to and detached from the crankcase, and the valve can be easily attached and detached to and from the pump head, making it easy to manufacture, assemble and disassemble and repair the reciprocating pump. become.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention. In the description, the head side of the reciprocating pump will be described as the front, and the crankcase side will be described as the rear. In the figure, the rear end of the drive unit piston 1 is connected to a crankshaft in a crankcase via a connecting rod (not shown), and the front end of the drive unit piston 1 is connected to the front end of the drive unit piston 1 via an automatic alignment mechanism 2. A plunger 3 with a ceramic cylindrical sleeve or a cylindrical plunger 3 is connected. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the drive unit piston 1 is located at the top dead center.

The plunger 3 is inserted into a cylindrical plunger case 5 via a spring receiver 4 formed of a sleeve, and the inner wall of the body of the plunger case 5 formed by inserting the spring receiver 4. A seal portion 6 as a sealing means is provided in a gap between the plunger 3 and the body of the plunger 3. The seal portion 6 is urged in the direction of arrow A by a compression coil spring 7 supporting the spring receiver 4, so that the liquid tightness can be maintained for a long time.

As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the seal portion 6 alternately includes a ramie seal 6a as a gland packing and a resin ring 6b as a packing spacer, which are arranged so that the plunger 3 passes through the shaft. It is configured by laminating a plurality of sheets. The ramie seal 6a is a packing in which hemp is impregnated with a Teflon resin or a silicone resin, and is formed by connecting a band-shaped material into a ring shape. The connecting portions are arranged in a state of being shifted by 90 ° (in the cross section in the diameter direction of the plunger) so that the connecting positions are not aligned in the axial direction of the plunger 3 when the plunger 3 is passed through the shaft. And

On the other hand, the resin ring 6b is made of, for example, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polybutylene having excellent solvent resistance, toughness and moldability. It is formed in a ring shape by using one or more of terephthalate, polysulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyamide imide, fluorine-based resin, silicon-based resin and the like. Note that these exemplified resins are properly used depending on the processing fluid.

A spring receiving seat 8 is inserted between the spring 7 and the resin ring 6b. According to the configuration in which the ramie seal 6a and the resin ring 6b are alternately combined as described above, the slurry containing alumina, calcium carbonate, and the like can be fed under pressure while the liquid-tight state is reliably maintained. In FIG. 2, reference numeral B ₁ denotes a tip position of the plunger 3 when the driving unit piston 1 is located at the top dead center, and reference numeral B ₂ denotes a tip end of the plunger 3 when the driving unit piston 1 is also located at the bottom dead center. Indicates the position.

In FIG. 1, the plunger case 5 is fixed to a crankcase (not shown) via a window frame-shaped support frame 9 (see FIG. 3). The case 5 can be assembled by fitting the case 5 into a through hole 9b formed in the support portion 9a of the support frame 9.

More specifically, the plunger case 5 has a large-diameter portion and a small-diameter portion whose outer diameter gradually decreases in the mounting direction (the direction of arrow A), and the small-diameter portion 5a is formed in the through hole 9b. And the stepped end face, which is the boundary between the small-diameter portion 5a and the large-diameter portion 5b, is locked to the peripheral edge of the opening of the through hole 9b so that the insertion depth of the plunger case 5, that is, positioning can be performed. Has become.

The plunger case 5 positioned on the support frame 9 has a plunger case 5
The head plate 10 is arranged so as to close the front end of the head plate 10, and the head plate 10 is fastened and fixed to the support portion 9 a using mounting bolts 11. The head plate 10 is formed with four through holes 10a for allowing the mounting bolts 11 to pass therethrough.
, The head plate 10 is brought into contact with the front end surface of the plunger case 5, and the nut 11 a is attached to the mounting bolt 11.
The support portion 9a, the plunger case 5 and the head plate 10 are integrated with each other by screwing into and tightening. Also, the plunger case 5
A pressurized chamber is formed therein.

A passage 10b is formed in the head plate 10 at a position corresponding to the tip of the plunger 3, and the inlet as one end of the passage 10b is connected to the pump chamber 5a.
The other end of the passage 10b communicates with a joint 10c for connecting a valve case as a valve described later.

A valve case 14 is connected to the joint portion 10c via a connection pipe 13. The plunger 3 moves in the direction of arrow A to move the check valve 14b from the suction port 14a.
Is discharged from the discharge port 14d through the check valve 14c when the plunger 3 moves in the direction of arrow B.

The head plate 10 can be removed from the plunger case 5 by removing the nut 11a. Then, when the plunger case 5 is removed from the support 9a, the plunger 3 appears. Further, if the nut 12a screwed to the bolt 12 planted in the crankcase is removed, the support frame 9 can be removed from the crankcase.

Next, the operation of the reciprocating pump having the above configuration will be described. In the suction stroke, the plunger 3 moves in the direction of arrow A to expand the volume of the pump chamber 5c,
The check valve 14a is opened, the fluid is sucked from the suction port 14a, and the fluid is introduced into the pump chamber 5c. At this time, the check valve 14c is in a closed state.

In the compression stroke, the plunger 3 moves in the direction of arrow B, and the volume in the pump chamber 5c is reduced, so that the pressure in the pump chamber 5c increases, the check valve 14c opens, and the fluid is discharged from the discharge port 14d. Is pumped. At this time, the check valve 14a is in a closed state.

In the conventional reciprocating pump, the plunger case 5 and the valve case 14, which constitute the pressurizing chamber, are integrally formed. First, the valve part is disassembled to disassemble the plunger part. To disassemble the valve, remove the blind plug of the valve using a socket wrench,
The valve assembly is removed from the manifold using a plier or the like. When removing the valve case, all the nuts of the manifold are removed from the crankcase, whereby the valve case is removed from the crankcase. At this time, sufficient care must be taken not to damage or break the plunger and the packing with the manifold.

In assembling the valve case thus removed, after carefully positioning each plunger projecting from the crankcase so that the plunger is correctly inserted into the plunger guide cylindrical portion of the valve case, It must be assembled without damaging the plunger and packing.

On the other hand, in the reciprocating pump of the present embodiment, since the pressurizing chamber and the valve case are formed independently for each plunger, the reciprocating pump is disassembled due to, for example, a decrease in the pressure in the discharge passage. When it is necessary to perform inspection, first, only the valve case can be removed from the plunger pump for inspection, and the pressurizing chamber can be removed from the crankcase and disassembled as necessary. As described above, in the present embodiment, it is not necessary to always remove the entire valve portion from the crankcase as in the conventional configuration, and the proper engagement between the plunger and the plunger case is individually adjusted for each plunger. Therefore, assembly and disassembly can be performed in a short time and easily.

In the above embodiment, the support portion of the present invention is constituted by a frame-like frame. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any support member can be used as long as the plunger case can be fixed to the crankcase. Frame.

In the above embodiment, the head plate is provided independently for each plunger case, and the valve case is connected to each head plate. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It can also be configured as an integral structure with a lid. It should be noted that a valve case of an integral structure having a built-in suction part and a discharge part corresponding to each plunger can be connected to the head plate.

In the above embodiment, the end of the large-diameter portion 5b of the plunger case 5 is positioned in contact with the peripheral edge of the through hole 9b of the support portion 9a. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Positioning can also be performed by subjecting the portion 9b to counterbore processing and inserting a cylindrical plunger case into contact with the counterbore-processed bottom surface. The pump head of the present invention and a reciprocating pump using the same can be used for any high-pressure pump that generates high pressure and ultra-high pressure in the liquid phase.

[0037]

As is apparent from the above description,
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, there is an advantage that a manufacturing and assembling are easy, and a lightweight and highly reliable pump head and a reciprocating pump using the same can be provided.

In addition, since the pressurizing chamber and the valve section are separately configured, the structure of the pump head can be simplified, and only the portion exposed to high pressure needs to be formed of a high-strength member, and wear is reduced. Even in this case, it is not necessary to replace the entire valve section, so that the cost of the pump head and the reciprocating pump using the pump head can be reduced.

In the conventional multiple pump, the entire pump is disassembled even if the seal is replaced for one cylinder. However, in the present invention, the seal can be replaced individually for each cylinder. There is an advantage that most pump repair work is simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front vertical sectional view showing a configuration of a reciprocating pump of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a structure of a seal part in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a conventional reciprocating pump.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drive part piston 2 Self-centering mechanism 3 Plunger 4 Spring receiver 5 Plunger case 6 Seal part 7 Coil spring 8 Spring receiving seat 9 Support frame 10 Head plate 11 Mounting bolt 14 Valve case

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A pump head of a reciprocating pump for reciprocating a plunger in a cylinder, opening and closing a suction flow passage or a discharge flow passage by a valve corresponding to the plunger, and pumping a fluid. A plurality of plunger cases each of which allows a plurality of plungers to pass through; a support portion for supporting the plurality of plunger cases arranged in parallel with each other; and a support extending from the support portion and supporting the plurality of plunger cases. A support frame having a mounting portion for detachably fixing the portion to the crankcase; and (c) the support portion is individually disposed at the tip end side of each of the plunger cases and is attached to the support portion via the plunger case. One end of a passage formed in the cover is fastened and fixed, and one end of a passage formed in the cover communicates with the pump chamber of the plunger case, and the other end of the passage is provided. A pump head comprising: a head plate having a joint portion for valve connection formed at an end; and (d) sealing means for sealing between the inner wall of the plunger case and the plunger. 2. Each of the plunger cases comprises a cylinder having an outer diameter gradually decreasing in a mounting direction, and a through-hole into which the cylinder is inserted is arranged in a support portion of the support frame. 2. The pump head according to claim 1, wherein an insertion depth of said plunger case is determined by a large-diameter end portion of said cylinder abutting a peripheral edge of said through hole. 3. The pump head according to claim 1, wherein the mounting portion of the support frame and the head plate are fixed to the crankcase and the support portion using bolts. 4. The pump head according to claim 1, wherein said sealing means is formed by alternately stacking a large number of ramie seals and resin backup rings in the axial direction of said plunger. 5. The head plate according to claim 1, wherein the head plate is configured to cover each of the plunger cases independently, and a valve is connected to each of the head plates. Characteristic reciprocating pump. 6. The head plate according to claim 1, wherein the head plate has an integral structure that covers the plunger case in common, and a valve is connected to a joint for valve connection of the head plate. A reciprocating pump characterized by being connected.