JPH10306691A - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stabilize the line shape of a tunnel and prevent breakage of earth and mountain and a liner by expandably providing a machine rearward support means supporting the weight rearward of an excavator at the time of jacking performing excavation by a cutter head in a tunnel excavator slidably providing a gripper for obtaining jacking reaction from the earth and mountain rearward of a main beam in the before and behind direction. SOLUTION: In the case where earth and mountain are inferior and a segment 9 is used to jack a jack 8, a shield jack 8 is utilized. In addition, a machine rearward support device 10 used in the case of an inferior earth and mountain condition is provided on the rear part of a tunnel excavator. In the case where weak ground appears, a gripper 5 is stretched by press force not disturbing tunnel wall or whole compaction is performed to assemble the segment 9 so as to extend the jack 8, reaction is taken for the segment 9 and excavation is performed. At the time of such excavation, a gripper jack 11a is extended to hold the weight of the rear part of the excavator 1. Thus, the line shape of the tunnel is stabilized and breakage of the earth and mountain and a liner is prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator provided with a fuselage rear support device for supporting a rear weight of a fuselage during excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a tunnel excavator for rock excavation, a so-called open type tunnel excavator in which an excavator body is not covered with a skin plate is generally used. In this type of tunnel excavator, FIG.
As shown in the vertical cross-sectional view of (a) and the cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of (a), the front support 102 can be brought into contact with and separated from the tunnel pit wall at the front of the main beam 101. And a gripper 10 at the rear of the main beam 101 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction with respect to the main beam 101.
3 are provided. This gripper 103 and main beam 1
01 are connected by a thrust jack 104, and the thrust jack 10 is rotated while rotating the cutter head 105 with the gripper 103 pressed against the tunnel wall.
4 to extend the excavator body. Next, after the excavation of the predetermined pitch, the pressing of the gripper 103 is released,
The contraction of the thrust jack 104 causes the gripper 10 to move.
3 is advanced with respect to the main beam 101, and excavation is continuously performed by repeating this.

[0003] With such a tunnel excavator, a gripper 10 is provided.
When excavating a weak stratum in which the thrust reaction force cannot be obtained even if 3 is stretched (the ground will be destroyed by pressing the gripper), a segment or liner should be used around the entire tunnel or a part of the tunnel. Support was provided and the main beam 1
The weight of the rear part of the tunnel excavator is supported by stretching the rear support 106 installed at the rear part of the tunnel excavator.

Further, in order to improve the responsiveness to the above-mentioned weak ground, an auxiliary propulsion device such as a hydraulic jack is mounted in a front support (or a front shield) to take a reaction force from a segment or a liner. Some proposals have been made to promote it.

[0005]

However, even when a liner or the like is installed and digging is performed using the auxiliary propulsion jack in front of the gripper as described above, it is necessary to maintain the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator including the gripper portion. It is necessary to put a gripper on. At this time, if the gripper is pressed with a force higher than the strength of the ground, the pit wall will be disturbed.
In order to avoid this disturbance of the pit wall, when excavating with reduced gripping force (without maintaining the weight of the rear part of the tunnel excavator), a downward force acts on the rear part of the tunnel excavator, and as a result, the cutter Head heads up. Therefore, there is a problem that the excavation alignment tends to be upward, and it is difficult to maintain the tunnel alignment. In addition, when the liner or the like is wound around the entire circumference during excavation of the weak layer portion, if the gripper is strongly pressed against the inside of the liner, the liner may be damaged.

Further, when the tunnel excavator is replaced, the rear support can be stretched to support the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator, so that the above-mentioned tendency of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator to be lowered can be avoided. When the tunnel excavator is excavated, the main beam slides in the tunnel axis direction. Therefore, if the rear support is kept stretched, the rear support fixed to the main beam is dragged and damaged.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and can support the rear weight of a tunnel excavator during excavation of the tunnel excavator to stabilize the alignment of the tunnel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tunnel excavator having a body rear support means capable of preventing breakage of a liner.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A tunnel excavator according to the present invention has the following features.
A tunnel excavation in which a cutter head is provided at the front of the main beam via a cutter head support, and a gripper for obtaining a propulsion reaction force from the ground is slidably provided in the front and rear direction behind the main beam. The machine is characterized in that at the time of excavation for excavation by the cutter head, a body rear support means for supporting the weight behind the tunnel excavator is provided so as to be extendable and contractible.

In the present invention, when the gripper is stretched with a pressing force that does not disturb the tunnel pit wall, or when the gripper is contracted, the shield is formed by contracting the gripper. When excavating by taking a reaction force with a jack, the body rear support means is extended toward the lower part of the tunnel pit wall to support the weight of the rear part of the tunnel excavator.

[0010] As described above, by lowering or not applying the gripper pressing force applied to the tunnel pit wall of the weak ground, collapse of the ground (collapse of the segment or the liner) can be prevented. However, the weight of the rear part of the tunnel excavator cannot be supported by the gripper pressing force alone. It is possible to prevent a tendency that the cutter head which is lowered and conversely the front is directed upward and the tunnel alignment is directed upward. For this reason, tunnel alignment can be stabilized.

[0011] In the present invention, it is preferable that the rear body supporting means is constituted by at least two supporting portions, one of the supporting portions is provided on the main beam, and the other is provided on the gripper frame. In this way, at the time of refilling, the supporting portion provided on the main beam is extended to prevent the main beam from lowering, and at the same time, the gripper is contracted and released from the pit wall, and together with the gripper frame. The supporting portion provided is also contracted to advance the gripper frame forward by a predetermined amount. Also,
During excavation, the support provided on the main beam is contracted, and the main beam moves forward by a predetermined amount in synchronization with the cutter head. At this time, the gripper is pressed against the pit wall to support the excavation reaction force. At the same time, the support portion provided on the gripper frame is extended to support the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator. In this way, it is possible to prevent the tendency of the tunnel alignment to be directed upward, and to reduce the gripper pressing force when excavating the weak ground, thereby preventing collapse of the ground.

Further, as another aspect, the body rear support means can be provided on a main beam. In such a configuration, the body rear support means is slidable in the front-rear direction of the tunnel, and is fixed so as to slide rearward with respect to the main beam during excavation. In this way, the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator can be maintained at the time of excavation and refilling, so that the tendency of the tunnel alignment to be upward can be prevented. In addition, since the gripper pressing force can be reduced when excavating the weak ground, the collapse of the ground can be prevented.

Further, as another aspect, the body rear support means may be provided on a gripper frame. In such a configuration, the body rear support means is slidable in the front-rear direction of the tunnel, and is fixed so as to slide rearward with respect to the gripper frame at the time of rearrangement. In this way, the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator can be maintained at the time of excavation and refilling, so that the tendency of the tunnel alignment to be upward can be prevented. In addition, since the gripper pressing force can be reduced when excavating the weak ground, the collapse of the ground can be prevented.

As another aspect, the rear body support means can be slidable relative to the main beam or the gripper frame in a direction substantially perpendicular to the tunnel axis direction. In this way, even when the main beam or the gripper frame moves left and right when the direction of the tunnel excavator is corrected, the rear body supporting means slides in synchronization with the main beam or the gripper frame and stops on the pit wall. Can support the weight behind the tunnel excavator.

[0015]

Next, a specific embodiment of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tunnel excavator 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the tunnel excavator 1 of FIG. Have been.

In the tunnel excavator 1 of the first embodiment, a main beam 2 extends in the front-rear direction of the center. At the front of the main beam 2, a cutter head 4 is rotatably supported via a cutter head support 3.
A gripper 5 is provided at a rear portion of the main beam 2, and a frame (gripper frame 5) of the gripper 5 is provided.
A thrust jack 6 is provided between a) and the cutter head support 3. Further, the cutter head support 3 is provided with a front support 7 for the purpose of stabilizing during excavation and supporting the cutter head support 3 against the tunnel pit wall at the end of excavation.

The front support 7 includes a vertical support shoe, a side support shoe, and a roof support shoe, and can be moved toward and away from a tunnel shaft wall by a front support jack 7a. Further, a shield jack 8 is arranged so as to be embedded in the inner peripheral portion of the front support 7 (vertical support shoe, side support shoe, roof support shoe).

These shield jacks 8 are used when propelling the shield jacks using the segments 9 due to poor ground conditions. Further, an aircraft rear support device 10 used when the ground conditions are poor is provided at the rear of the tunnel excavator 1. The body rear support device 10 includes a gripper auxiliary support 11 and a rear support 12. The gripper auxiliary support 11 is provided on a gripper frame 5a via a gripper support jack 11a, and the rear support 12 is provided on a gripper via a rear support support jack 12a. The main beam 5 at the rear is provided at the lower part of the tunnel pit wall so as to be able to contact and separate.

In the tunnel excavator thus constructed, when excavating a good ground, the thrust jack 6 transmits a propulsive force to the cutter head support 3 while applying a reaction force to the tunnel pit wall by the gripper 5. Excavation is performed by rotating the cutter head 3, and after the excavation at a predetermined pitch, the pressing of the gripper 5 is released, and the gripper 5 is advanced with respect to the main beam 2 by contraction of the thrust jack 6 (replacement is performed). Done),
Excavation is performed continuously by repeating these operations.

On the other hand, if a soft ground requiring the assembly of the segment 9 appears during excavation of such a good ground, the gripper 5 may be stretched with a pressing force that does not disturb the tunnel pit wall, or The segment 9 is assembled by fully contracting the gripper 5 (in a non-use state), and the shield jack 8 is extended to excavate while applying a reaction force to the segment 9. At the time of such excavation, the gripper supporting jack 11a is extended to hold the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator 1 by the gripper auxiliary support 11, and at the time of refilling (when the gripper 5 is advanced with respect to the main beam 2).
In this case, the rear support jack 12a is extended, and the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator 1 is held by the rear support 12. However, the rear support jack 12a is contracted at the time of excavation, and the gripper support jack 11a is contracted at the time of rearrangement.

In such soft ground, the gripper 5 cannot normally hold the rear part of the tunnel excavator 1 because the gripper 5 cannot hold the rear part of the tunnel excavator 1.
2, the rear weight of the tunnel excavator 1 can be supported not only at the time of refilling but also at the time of excavation. For this reason, it is possible to stabilize the shape of the tunnel to be excavated, and it is not necessary to support the weight of the tunnel excavator 1 with the gripper 5, so that the pressing force of the gripper 5 can be reduced. Damage can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to improve the responsiveness to the weak layer portion where no gripper reaction force can be obtained, and
Tunnel linear accuracy can be improved.

In the first embodiment, FIG. 3 shows a partial longitudinal sectional view (a) and a sectional view taken along the line B'-B 'of a tunnel excavator provided with a modified example of the fuselage rear support means 10, as shown in FIG. The gripper supporting jack 11a may be constituted by a fixed bar 11b and a telescopic jack 11c. In this case, the gripper supporting jack 11a can be moved toward and away from the tunnel wall by the expansion and contraction of the telescopic jack 11c.

FIG. 4 shows a tunnel excavator 2 according to a second embodiment.
0 (a) and CC sectional view (b)
Are shown respectively. The overall configuration of the tunnel excavator 20 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the gripper auxiliary support 11 and the gripper support jack 11a of the body rear support device 10 provided in the first embodiment are not provided. , The rear support 21 includes a rear support support jack 21a and a rear support slide jack 22.
And is slidable in the front-rear direction of the tunnel along a guide rail 23 fixed to the main beam 2.

In the second embodiment, good excavation of the ground is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. On the other hand, if a soft ground that requires the assembly of the segment 9 appears during excavation of the ground, the gripper 5 should be stretched with a pressing force that does not disturb the tunnel wall as in the first embodiment. Alternatively, the gripper 5 is fully contracted (in an unused state) to assemble the segment 9,
Excavation is performed while the reaction force is applied to the segment 9 by the shield jack 8.

At the time of excavation, the rear support jack 21a is extended in advance to hold the rear weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator 1 at its own weight.
Since the rear support slide jack 22 is contracted while being synchronized with the advance of the main beam 2, the rear support slide jack 22 is apparently fixed. Thereafter, the gripper 5 is moved forward with respect to the main beam 2 to change the arrangement. In this case, the rear support support jack 21a remains extended, and the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator 1 is maintained. Next, gripper 5
After the tension is applied with a pressing force that does not disturb the tunnel wall, or the gripper 5 is fully contracted, the rear support support jack 21a is contracted and the rear support slide jack 2 is contracted.
2 is extended and rearranged. Excavation is then performed to form a tunnel.

As described above, by making the rear support 21 slidable in the front-rear direction, the self-weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator 1 can be maintained even during excavation and re-arrangement without providing a gripper auxiliary support. Yes, first
The same effect as the effect in the embodiment can be obtained.

FIG. 5 shows a tunnel excavator 3 according to the third embodiment.
0 (a) and a DD line cross-sectional view (b). The overall configuration of this tunnel excavator 30 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that a rear support 12 and a rear support jack 12a of a body rear support device 10 provided in the first embodiment are provided. No, the gripper support 31 is the gripper support jack 31
a and the gripper frame 5a via the gripper auxiliary support slide jack 32.

In the third embodiment, when a soft ground that requires the assembly of the segment 9 appears during excavation of a good ground, the gripper 5 does not disturb the tunnel pit wall as in the second embodiment. Excavation is performed by assembling the segment 9 by stretching it with a slight pressing force or by fully contracting the gripper 5 (in a non-use state).

At the time of such excavation, the gripper supporting jack 31a is extended, and the weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator 1 is held by the gripper auxiliary support 31. After the excavation, the gripper 5 is moved forward with respect to the main beam 2 to perform the refilling. At the time of this change, the gripper auxiliary support slide jack 32 is extended while being synchronized with the advance of the gripper 5, so that the gripper auxiliary support 31 is apparently fixed. After this change, gripper 5
After the gripper 5 is fully contracted, the gripper support jack 31a is contracted to contract the gripper auxiliary support slide jack 32, and the gripper auxiliary support 31 is raised. Make a replacement.

As described above, by making the gripper auxiliary support 31 slidable in the front-rear direction, the self-weight of the rear portion of the tunnel excavator 1 can be maintained even during excavation and re-arrangement. The same effect as the effect can be obtained.

The auxiliary gripper support 11 in the first embodiment, the rear support 21 in the second embodiment, and the gripper support 31 in the third embodiment are arranged with respect to the axis of the tunnel in consideration of the time when the direction of the tunnel excavator is corrected. It may be structured to be slidable in the left-right direction. In the first, second, and third embodiments, the supports are arranged in a vertical or substantially vertical direction. However, the supports may be arranged to be inclined in order to receive a lateral force during steering.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a BB diagram of the tunnel excavator according to the first embodiment;
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view (a) and a sectional view taken along line BB (b) of a tunnel excavator according to a modification of the first embodiment.
It is.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view (a) and a sectional view taken along line CC of a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view (a) and a sectional view taken along line DD of the tunnel excavator of the third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view (a) and a sectional view taken along line AA of a conventional tunnel excavator (b).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tunnel excavator 2 Main beam 3 Kata head support 4 Cutter head 5 Gripper 6 Slide jack 7 Front support 8 Shield jack 9 Segment 10 Aircraft rear support device 11 Gripper auxiliary support 12 Rear support

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A cutter head is provided at a front portion of a main beam via a cutter head support, and a gripper for obtaining a propulsion reaction force from the ground is provided behind the main beam so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction. What is claimed is: 1. A tunnel excavator, comprising: a body rear support means for supporting a weight behind a tunnel excavator when the excavation is performed by the cutter head. 2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the body rear support means is constituted by at least two support portions, one of which is provided on the main beam, and the other of which is provided on the gripper frame. . 3. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the body rear support means is provided on a main beam. 4. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the body rear support means is provided on a gripper frame. 5. The body rear support means is slidable in a direction substantially perpendicular to a tunnel axis direction with respect to a main beam or a gripper frame.
The tunnel excavator according to any one of the above.