CN114837682A

CN114837682A - Shield formula TBM

Info

Publication number: CN114837682A
Application number: CN202210406207.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺飞; 范书恒; 陈威明; 李龙飞; 张啸
Original assignee: China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd CREG
Current assignee: China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd CREG
Priority date: 2022-04-18
Filing date: 2022-04-18
Publication date: 2022-08-02

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling machines, in particular to a shield type TBM (tunnel boring machine), which comprises a cutter head, a front shield, a main propulsion device and a support shield, wherein the cutter head, the front shield, the main propulsion device and the support shield are sequentially arranged from front to back; when the stabilizer or the main supporting shoe cannot support the underground wall tightly, the auxiliary supporting shoe supports the underground wall tightly so as to change the steps through the auxiliary propelling device or provide reaction points through the auxiliary propelling device for tunneling. When the front shield stabilizer of the conventional shield type TBM cannot support the underground wall tightly, the auxiliary propulsion device is used for changing the steps; when the supporting shoes of the conventional shield type TBM cannot support the wall of the underground tunnel, the auxiliary propulsion device provides reaction points for tunneling, no pipe sheet is installed in the tunnel, and tunneling or step changing can be realized under the condition of weak and broken surrounding rocks, so that normal tunneling operation is ensured.

Description

Shield formula TBM

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heading machines, in particular to a shield type TBM.

Background

A rock Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is a construction method for underground excavation of a Tunnel in a rock stratum by using the rock Tunnel Boring Machine, and generally, a rotary cutter head is used, and a hob on the cutter head cuts (or breaks) a rock surface by means of the acting force of a propelling device so as to achieve the purpose of breaking rocks and excavating the Tunnel (hole), and the TBM is classified into an open type and a shield type.

For example, the chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN202510121U discloses a hard rock heading machine, which comprises a cutter head, a main bearing, a front shield, a main drive, a telescopic shield, a hinged cylinder, a support shield, a main propulsion system, an auxiliary propulsion system and the like, wherein a stabilizer and an auxiliary support are arranged on the front shield, the stabilizer is used for limiting the vibration generated during heading, and the auxiliary support coaction can be used for supporting the tunnel wall to fix the front shield when the propulsion system resets. The main propulsion system provides thrust for the cutter head when in normal tunneling mode; the auxiliary propulsion system is supported on the pipe sheet arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the counter force and the counter torque in the tunneling process are overcome, and the support shield and other post-equipment are pushed to move forward and reset.

The hard rock heading machine is suitable for tunnels with duct pieces required to be installed after excavation, the auxiliary propulsion system can be jacked on the duct pieces, but the duct pieces are not required to be installed, the tunnel which is simply sprayed and supported in a mixed mode is only required, and the auxiliary propulsion system can be omitted due to the fact that supporting points are lost. The TBM drives the tunnel by providing reaction points through the supporting shoe supporting tunnel wall, and after one cycle of driving, the front shield stabilizer moves after supporting the tunnel wall. Under the condition of weak and broken surrounding rock, the underground wall around the supporting shoe forms a collapsed cavity, and the supporting shoe cannot be supported to the underground wall to form a reaction point and cannot be tunneled; in addition, when the top of the front shield is broken to form a collapsed cavity, the front shield stabilizer cannot be propped to the underground cave wall to change the steps, and great difficulty is brought to tunneling operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a shield type TBM (tunnel boring machine) to solve the problem that a supporting shoe or a stabilizer of the existing TBM cannot be supported to a tunnel wall under the condition of weak and broken surrounding rocks, so that tunneling cannot be carried out or steps cannot be changed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the shield type TBM adopts the following technical scheme:

a shield type TBM comprises a cutter head, a front shield, a main propulsion device and a support shield which are sequentially arranged from front to back, wherein a stabilizer is arranged on the front shield, a main support shoe is arranged on the support shield, the main propulsion device is connected between the support shield and the front shield, a reaction ring is arranged at the rear side of the support shield, a torque beam extending in the front-back direction is fixed at the rear end of the support shield, the torque beam penetrates through the reaction ring and is in guide fit with the reaction ring, an auxiliary propulsion device is connected between the reaction ring and the support shield, and an auxiliary support shoe is arranged on the reaction ring; when the stabilizer or the main supporting shoe cannot support the underground wall tightly, the auxiliary supporting shoe supports the underground wall tightly so as to change the steps through the auxiliary propelling device or provide reaction points through the auxiliary propelling device for tunneling.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the invention sets up the reaction ring in the rear side of the support shield, and connect the auxiliary propulsion unit between reaction ring and support shield, install the auxiliary shoe on the reaction ring at the same time, thus under the weak broken country rock situation, when the stabilizer can't prop up the cave wall and change steps, can prop up the cave wall through the auxiliary shoe, then promote the support shield to move forward by the auxiliary propulsion unit, realize changing steps; when the main supporting shoes cannot support the underground wall to conduct tunneling, the underground wall can be supported tightly through the auxiliary supporting shoes, then the auxiliary propelling device provides reaction points for the supporting shield, and the main propelling device can push the cutter head to move forwards to achieve tunneling. Meanwhile, a torque beam extending in the front-back direction is fixed at the rear end of the support shield, penetrates through the reaction ring and is in guide fit with the reaction ring, so that torque caused by rotation of the cutter head can be resisted, and normal work of the shield type TBM can be guaranteed.

In conclusion, the shield type TBM provided by the invention has the advantages that the TBM can still realize tunneling or step changing without installing pipe sheets in a tunnel and under the condition of weak and broken surrounding rocks, and the normal tunneling operation is ensured.

Further, the two torsion beams are arranged and arranged in bilateral symmetry.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the supporting and guiding effects are better.

Further, the auxiliary shoe is completely exposed outside the shield type TBM.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the auxiliary shoe supporting and tight supporting cave wall is convenient, and the problem treatment is relatively flexible.

Furthermore, the reaction ring is formed by splicing and fixing at least two arc-shaped sections.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the processing and the manufacturing are convenient.

Furthermore, the supporting area of the auxiliary supporting boots is smaller than that of the main supporting boots, and the number of the auxiliary supporting boots is larger than that of the main supporting boots.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: by properly reducing the supporting area and increasing the supporting points, the auxiliary supporting shoes are convenient to support the underground wall tightly.

Furthermore, the auxiliary supporting boots are four and are arranged in a group of two-by-two left-right symmetry mode.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the number and the layout are reasonable, when the cave is locally collapsed, other supporting shoes can still support the cave wall to work, and the using effect is good.

Further, the supporting area of the auxiliary shoe is larger than that of the stabilizer.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the auxiliary supporting shoes are convenient to support the underground cave wall tightly, and the risk of jacking the underground cave wall to be broken is reduced.

Furthermore, the end face of the auxiliary shoe facing the reaction ring is a first plane, and a second plane corresponding to the first plane is arranged on the reaction ring.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the auxiliary supporting shoes can be retracted conveniently, the protruding degree of the retracted auxiliary supporting shoes is reduced, and the reaction ring can move forwards in the tunnel conveniently.

Furthermore, shield formula TBM still includes nested flexible outer shield and flexible inner shield together, and main advancing device is located the inboard of flexible outer shield and flexible inner shield, and flexible outer shield is connected with the anterior shield, and flexible inner shield is connected with the support shield.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the setting of flexible outer shield and flexible interior shield makes the protecting effect better, makes shield formula TBM possess single shield mode and two shield modes simultaneously, uses more in a flexible way.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one state of the shield TBM of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another state of the shield TBM of the present invention;

figure 3 is a side view of the reaction ring of the shield TBM of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a cutter head; 2. anterior shield; 3. a stabilizer; 4. telescoping outer shield; 5. telescoping the inner shield; 6. a support shield; 7. a main support boot; 8. an auxiliary propulsion cylinder; 9. a main propulsion cylinder; 10. a reaction ring; 11. auxiliary supporting boots; 12. a torsion beam.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, which may be present, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …," or the like, does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

One embodiment of the shield-type TBM of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and comprises a cutter head 1, a front shield 2, a main propulsion device and a support shield 6 which are arranged in sequence from front to back. Wherein, the front shield 2 is provided with a stabilizer 3, the support shield 6 is provided with a main support shoe 7, and the main propulsion device is a main propulsion cylinder 9 connected between the support shield 6 and the front shield 2. The shield type TBM further comprises a telescopic outer shield 4 and a telescopic inner shield 5 which are nested together, a main propulsion oil cylinder 9 is positioned on the inner sides of the telescopic outer shield 4 and the telescopic inner shield 5, the telescopic outer shield 4 is connected with the front shield 2, and the telescopic inner shield 5 is connected with the support shield 6.

The shield type TBM further comprises a reaction ring 10 arranged at the rear side of the support shield 6, and an auxiliary propulsion device is connected between the reaction ring 10 and the support shield 6, wherein the auxiliary propulsion device in the embodiment is an auxiliary propulsion oil cylinder 8. As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, a torque beam 12 extending in the front-rear direction is fixed to the rear end of the support shield 6, and the torque beam 12 penetrates the reaction ring 10 and is guided to engage with the reaction ring 10. Also, the torsion beams 12 are provided in two, and the two torsion beams 12 are arranged in bilateral symmetry. The torque beam 12 is matched with the reaction ring 10, so that the torque caused by the rotation of the cutter head can be resisted, and the shield type TBM can work normally.

As shown in fig. 3, the reaction ring 10 is formed by splicing and fixing at least two arc-shaped segments, which are four segments in this embodiment. The auxiliary supporting shoes 11 are installed on the reaction ring 10, the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 are completely exposed outside the shield type TBM, the supporting area of the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 is smaller than that of the main supporting shoes 7, the number of the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 is larger than that of the main supporting shoes 7, and the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 can support the chamber wall conveniently and tightly by properly reducing the supporting area and increasing the supporting points. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the auxiliary shoe 11 is provided with four, and two of the auxiliary shoes are arranged in a group in a left-right symmetrical manner, while the main shoe 7 is generally arranged in two and in a left-right symmetrical manner.

Meanwhile, the supporting area of the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 is larger than that of the stabilizer 3, so that the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 can support the underground cave wall conveniently, and the risk of crushing the underground cave wall is reduced. As shown in fig. 3, the end surface of the auxiliary shoe 11 facing the reaction ring 10 is a first plane, and a second plane corresponding to the first plane is disposed on the reaction ring 10, so that the auxiliary shoe 11 can be retracted conveniently, the protruding degree of the retracted auxiliary shoe 11 is reduced, and the reaction ring 10 can move forward in the tunnel conveniently.

According to the invention, by arranging the reaction ring 10, the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 and the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinder 8, under the condition of weak and broken surrounding rocks, when a cavity is formed by the cave wall around the main supporting shoe 7, the main supporting shoe 7 cannot support the cave wall, and tunneling cannot be carried out, the main supporting shoe 7 is inconvenient to process due to the fact that the supporting shield 6 is wrapped, the auxiliary supporting shoe 11 at the rear part is completely exposed outside, the problem is relatively flexible to process, after the surrounding rocks around the auxiliary supporting shoe 11 are processed, the auxiliary supporting shoe 11 supports the cave wall tightly, and the main propulsion oil cylinder 9 extends out for tunneling. Meanwhile, under the condition of weak and broken surrounding rocks, when the top of the current shield 2 is broken to form a collapsed cavity and the stabilizer 3 cannot prop the underground wall, the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 prop the underground wall tightly and the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinder 8 stretches out to carry out step changing.

Therefore, the shield-type TBM can realize the following two working modes:

single shield mode (telescopic shield not working in this mode): when surrounding rocks are broken, after the walls around the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 are processed, the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 tightly support the walls, the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinders 8 extend out to push the front supporting shield 6, the main propulsion oil cylinder 9, the front shield 2 and the cutterhead 1 to integrally move forward for tunneling, and after one cycle of tunneling, the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinders 8 are recovered to finish the step changing.

Double shield mode: when the surrounding rock is stable, the main supporting shoes 7 tightly support the wall of the cave, and the main propelling oil cylinder 9 extends out to start tunneling; after a cycle of tunneling, the main supporting shoes 7 are recovered, the stabilizers 3 on the front shield 2 prop the chamber wall tightly, and the main propulsion oil cylinders 9 are recovered for step changing, and the process is the same as the prior art; when surrounding rocks are broken, after the walls around the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 are processed, the auxiliary supporting shoes 11 support and tighten the walls, the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinders 8 provide reaction points for the supporting shield 6 at the moment, so that the main propulsion oil cylinder 9 can extend out for tunneling, after a cycle of tunneling, the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinders 8 extend out to push the supporting shield 6 to move forwards, and meanwhile, the main propulsion oil cylinder 9 is recovered to finish the step changing.

Therefore, the shield type TBM provided by the invention can change the steps through the auxiliary propelling device under the condition of weak surrounding rock crushing when a front shield stabilizer of the conventional shield type TBM cannot support the underground wall and cannot change the steps; meanwhile, when the supporting shoes of the conventional shield type TBM cannot support the wall of the tunnel, the auxiliary propulsion device provides reaction points for tunneling, namely, the tunneling or the step changing can be still realized without mounting pipe sheets in the tunnel and under the condition of weak and broken surrounding rocks, so that the normal tunneling operation is ensured.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the shield-type TBM may not include a telescoping outer shield and a telescoping inner shield.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the end face of the auxiliary shoe facing the reaction ring can also be an arc face, and the reaction ring is provided with a corresponding arc face at the moment.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the support area of the auxiliary shoe may also be equal to the support area of the stabilizer.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the number of the auxiliary supporting boots is not required to be four, but can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the supporting area of the auxiliary supporting shoes can also be equal to that of the main supporting shoes, and the number of the auxiliary supporting shoes can also be equal to that of the main supporting shoes.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the reaction ring may also be a one-piece ring.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the auxiliary supporting boots are not completely exposed outside the shield-type TBM, but are provided with a shield outside.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the number of the torsion beams may be one.

In other embodiments of the shield-type TBM: the main propelling device and the auxiliary propelling device can be replaced by air cylinders or electric push rods.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a shield formula TBM, includes by preceding blade disc (1), anterior shield (2), the main advancing device that arranges in proper order after, support shield (6), installs stabilizer (3) on anterior shield (2), installs main boots (7) that prop on support shield (6), and main advancing device connects between support shield (6) and anterior shield (2), its characterized in that: a reaction ring (10) is arranged on the rear side of the support shield (6), a torque beam (12) extending in the front-rear direction is fixed on the rear end of the support shield (6), the torque beam (12) penetrates through the reaction ring (10) and is in guide fit with the reaction ring (10), an auxiliary propulsion device is connected between the reaction ring (10) and the support shield (6), and an auxiliary support shoe (11) is arranged on the reaction ring (10); when the stabilizer (3) or the main supporting shoe (7) cannot support the wall, the auxiliary supporting shoe (11) supports the wall to change the steps through the auxiliary propelling device or provide a reaction point through the auxiliary propelling device for tunneling.

2. The shield-style TBM of claim 1, wherein: the two torsion beams (12) are arranged, and the two torsion beams (12) are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode.

3. The shield-type TBM of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the auxiliary supporting boots (11) are completely exposed outside the shield type TBM.

4. The shield-type TBM of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the reaction ring (10) is formed by splicing and fixing at least two arc-shaped sections.

5. The shield-type TBM of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the supporting area of the auxiliary supporting boots (11) is smaller than that of the main supporting boots (7), and the number of the auxiliary supporting boots (11) is larger than that of the main supporting boots (7).

6. The shield-type TBM of claim 5, wherein: the auxiliary supporting boots (11) are four in number and are arranged in a group of two in a bilateral symmetry mode.

7. The shield-type TBM of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the supporting area of the auxiliary supporting shoe (11) is larger than that of the stabilizer (3).

8. The shield-type TBM of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the end face of the auxiliary supporting shoe (11) facing the reaction ring (10) is a first plane, and a second plane corresponding to the first plane is arranged on the reaction ring (10).

9. The shield-type TBM of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the shield type TBM further comprises a telescopic outer shield (4) and a telescopic inner shield (5) which are nested together, the main propulsion device is located on the inner sides of the telescopic outer shield (4) and the telescopic inner shield (5), the telescopic outer shield (4) is connected with the front shield (2), and the telescopic inner shield (5) is connected with the support shield (6).