JPH10295329A - Production of calcium preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a calcium preparation capable of being used as a pharmaceutical or nutritive preparation free from protein residues and fat residues by using animal bones such as fish bones as a raw material. SOLUTION: This method for producing calcium preparation comprises applying operations such as a grinding operation and a waterwashing operation to animal bones preliminarily subjected to a large meat piece-removing treatment, adding an enzyme for decomposing organic materials to the treated animal bones, if necessary, further inoculating one or more kinds of microorganisms selected from bacteria, yeasts and molds in the treated animal bones, aerating and stirring the liquid, simultaneously heating the liquid to decompose the organic materials, washing the treated bones with water, drying the bones, and further repeating the operations once or more. Therein, the obtained animal bone powder is treated with the aqueous solution or dispersion of an amphoteric surfactant and further treated with an oxidizing agent.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fine bone powder rich in calcium containing a large amount of calcium phosphate, which is highly absorbable to the human body, which is obtained by crushing and purifying animal bone such as fish bone. The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a fine powdered calcium agent, and more particularly to a method for deodorizing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, calcium agents as additives for foods or livestock feeds, drugs, nutrients, etc. are synthetic ones, calcium carbonate obtained by crushing shells or calcium phosphates. Some are produced from fish meal, bone meal, etc., which contain as a main component. Of these, those manufactured from fish meal, bone meal, etc. are much more absorbent than synthetic ones or crushed shells,
Fish meal, bone meal and the like are often used. In particular, pure fine bone powder from which residual proteins and fats have been removed has little adverse effects such as spoilage, mold development and deterioration, and is widely used as a calcium agent. In particular, as a method for producing high-purity bone meal with a small amount of impurities, residual protein and residual fat, for example,
No. 9413, a method of heat-decomposing and removing proteins and fats with an aqueous alkali solution, or a method of removing proteins and fats using microorganisms and the like as described in JP-B-55-30831. A method of decomposing and removing the components has been conventionally known, and has been widely used in general. However, the method using an aqueous alkaline solution as described in JP-B-39-9413 is insufficient in the decomposition of the target residual protein and residual fat, and
There is a drawback that the calcium phosphate active ingredient which should be originally left is removed and the yield is reduced.
In the method using microorganisms described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-30831, although active ingredients such as calcium phosphate are not dissolved and removed as in the above-mentioned method, residual proteins and residual Decomposition of fat takes time and there is also a problem of microbial control, so it was hardly a good method. Furthermore, in both methods, the residual protein and residual fat are not sufficiently decomposed, so that bone meal as a product is not completely deodorized, and there is a risk of deterioration or the like during long-term storage.

As a method for improving these, the present inventor has proposed a method of purifying using a protease or a lipolytic enzyme as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-229787, for example. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-229788, methods for purifying the enzyme by using these enzymes in combination with microorganisms have already been proposed. However, these methods also have a sufficient decomposition of residual protein and residual fat. Although problems such as deterioration during long-term storage have been sufficiently solved, for example, when the obtained bone meal is instantaneously heated or poured into hot water, etc., the powder is more specifically contained in the mouth. At that time, a slight fishy odor that is instantaneously felt remains. This is not a problem in applications in which this level of odor is not a problem, but it is not always satisfactory in applications requiring a completely odorless or near-odor level.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and, as a result, have found the method of the present invention. Is a method for producing a fine bone meal as a good calcium agent, in which the decomposition of residual protein and residual fat is complete, and even when taking bone meal as a final product, even a slight fish smell is not felt. More specifically, the present invention discloses an effective method for deodorizing a product in the final stage.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to grind and wash water from animal bones from which large pieces of meat have been removed in advance, add organic decomposing enzymes, and add bacteria, if necessary. Calcium that inoculates one or more of microorganisms consisting of yeast or filamentous fungi, heats the solution while aerating and stirring it, decomposes organic matter, and then rinses and drains it once or more. In the method for producing an agent, the method can be achieved by a method for producing a calcium agent, which comprises treating the obtained animal bone powder in an aqueous solution of an amphoteric surfactant or an emulsion thereof, followed by treatment with an oxidizing agent.

In the above-mentioned method, the surfactant used is preferably an amphoteric surfactant, of which a glycine type is particularly preferable, and the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide or hypochlorous acid or a salt thereof. It is preferably an aqueous solution.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The details of the present invention will be specifically described below. In the present invention, the treatment of removing large pieces of meat in advance means that, in a conventional method of producing a calcium agent from this kind of animal bone, first, a meat piece or the like remaining in the animal bone from which edible meat has been removed is removed. It means that the well-known method adopted in the above is applied, for example, manual cleaning with a brush or the like or washing with a jet water flow,
Animal bone from which proteins and the like adhering to the animal bone are roughly removed by a pretreatment method such as alkali treatment, steaming, and washing is used as a raw material. That is, in the method of the present invention, a relatively large fish such as salmon, tuna, bonito, etc., the edible part and the head, the tail, the fish bones from which the internal organs and the like have been removed are used, and those obtained by the above-described treatment are used. Raw material and crush it.

[0008] In the pulverizing step, first, pulverization is performed using, for example, a chopper or the like to pulverize to a powder of about 2 to 5 mm. By crushing in this way, bone marrow fluid and fat present in the bone tissue can be eluted into water, and separation and decomposition in subsequent operations can be facilitated.

Next, fine bone meal and other liquid components are separated. At this time, most of bone marrow fluid, fat and the like which are eluted or mixed in suspension in water can be separated. The method of separation includes, but is not particularly limited to, various methods such as filtration, squeezing, sedimentation, centrifugation, or a combination thereof. It is relatively preferred to use the centrifugal method because the concentration is set high and the state of the fine bone meal is not destroyed. Further, if necessary, the separated fine bone meal may be further washed several times with water, centrifuged, or the like to increase the degree of purification.

[0010] The obtained bone meal still contains trace amounts of proteins, fats and the like, and is inadequate as a final product because it has a strong odor and is liable to deteriorate. Therefore, the decomposition and removal by the organic degrading enzyme, or the action of microorganisms in the presence of the organic degrading enzyme, are performed to decompose and remove residual proteins and fats. As the organic enzyme, a proteolytic enzyme suitable for proteolysis and a lipolytic enzyme suitable for fat decomposition may be used alone or in combination.
Bacteria, yeasts or filamentous fungi can be appropriately used as the microorganism.

When these organic degrading enzymes and microorganisms are used, their use concentration naturally varies depending on the amount and type of the remaining organic substances, but the average value is about 0.01 to 1% based on the weight of the fish bone. And the temperature is the temperature at which the activity of enzymes and microorganisms is most effective, specifically 3
It is generally performed at about 0 to 60 ° C. In particular, when a microorganism is used in combination, it is preferable to proceed while performing aeration and stirring. As a result of these decompositions, residual proteins and fats become water, carbon dioxide, or other simple molecules and are volatilized and removed into the liquid or the atmosphere.

The bone meal thus obtained is further pulverized,
The product obtained by repeating the processes such as separation, dehydration, and drying has almost completely removed the small amount of protein and fat remaining on the surface, and has no coloring or odor. Although it is of a quality without deterioration, etc., when it is thrown into hot water or put in the mouth, a still unrecognizable fish odor is still sensed, so by performing the following operation, To eliminate.

After the enzyme or the enzyme and the microorganism are decomposed, a treatment with an amphoteric surfactant is carried out.
The removal of the remaining trace components that cause the trace odor is removed. The amphoteric surfactant has both an anionic dissociative group and a cationic dissociative group in the same molecule and exhibits strong surface activity against water. Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include betaine type, sulfobetaine type, glycine type, and alanine type, and the amphoteric surfactant used in the method of the present invention particularly has a bactericidal effect on proteins. An excellent glycine type is preferred. The glycine-type amphoteric surfactant has both a carboxyl group and an amino group in the molecule and has a long-chain alkyl group. The surfactant is dissolved or dispersed in water to form a good emulsion. In the present invention, the surfactant is used as an aqueous solution or emulsion of about 0.5-5%. In addition, the use temperature is a temperature at which a stable emulsion can be maintained and an effective treatment can be performed, specifically, about 30 to 60 ° C.

After the treatment with the amphoteric surfactant,
In order to remove the peculiar odor of the activator itself, a treatment with an oxidant is performed. Oxidants that are relatively mild and do not contain elements or atomic groups that are unsuitable as pharmaceuticals,
For example, aqueous hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid or salts thereof are used. The use concentration is preferably about 0.5-5%. The treatment with the oxidizing agent also has a ripple effect of leading to bleaching of the product and improving the quality of the product.
As a treatment method, after the bone dispersion treated with the amphoteric surfactant is washed with water and drained, it is immersed in a dilute solution of the oxidizing solution having the above-described concentration and left at a temperature of about 30-60 ° C. for several hours. It suffices to repeat this operation to enhance the effect.

After performing such operations, the liquid is removed, dried, pulverized, etc., to obtain the desired ultrafine purified bone powder. However, if necessary, alkali treatment, extraction with alcohol, ether, or the like, or boiling, washing, etc. Other operations may be added, and the bone meal thus obtained has no residual odor and does not feel uncomfortable when contained in the mouth. Therefore, there is no problem when used as a food or a chemical additive. Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0016]

【Example】

Example 1 Salmon was selected as a crude material, and the edible meat, skin, internal organs, head, and tail of which were removed were used as starting materials. After removing the remaining fish meat by processing such as rubbing and brushing,
It was crushed to a size of about 2-5 mm using a chopper and washed. To this aqueous dispersion, Alcalase which is a protease is added so as to have a concentration of 0.3% by weight with respect to the fish bone, and the mixture is almost neutral and maintained at a temperature of 40-50 ° C for 5 hours. Processing was performed. This was washed and boiled to remove fat, and further treated at 60 ° C. with a 2% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution for 30 minutes to remove residual fat. Next, a 2% aqueous solution of Obanol 516 (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) containing a glycine-type amphoteric surfactant was prepared, and the bone powder subjected to the above treatment was added thereto, followed by treatment at 40 ° C. for 30 minutes. Done. Obanol 51 here
Reference numeral 6 denotes an amphoteric surfactant containing di (octylaminoethyl) glycine as a main component. After that, washing was performed to remove obanol, and the mixture was pulverized using a grind mill under wet conditions, and the treatment with a 2% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution adjusted to 40 ° C. was repeated twice. During and after each treatment with the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, washing was sufficiently performed to remove chlorine. The temperature condition of water washing is 60-70 ° C,
One washing time was about 1 hour. Thereafter, dehydration drying was performed, and finally pulverization was performed in a dry manner to break caking generated during the drying operation. A part of the sample before and after the obanol treatment was collected, commercialized, and evaluated for residual odor. Table 1 shows the results. In Table 1, A
Represents bone powder after enzymatic decomposition, B represents bone powder after treatment with Obanol, and C represents bone powder after treatment with an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite.

[0017]

[Table 1]

Example 2 As amphoteric surfactant, betaine-type obanol BC
(Coconut oil alkyl betaine; manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
A manufacturing experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using, for evaluation. Table 2 shows the results. In Table 2, D indicates the bone meal after the enzymatic decomposition, E indicates the bone powder after the ovanol treatment, and F indicates the bone meal after the treatment with the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution.

[0019]

[Table 2]

As is clear from the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, the effect of the amphoteric surfactant in detecting subtle fishy odor is clear, and the effect is more remarkable when an oxidizing agent is used in combination. Becomes Further, from the difference between Table 1 and Table 2, it was found that the glycine-type amphoteric activator exhibited a more remarkable effect.

[0021]

As described above, according to the method of the present invention,
A high-quality calcium agent containing calcium phosphate as a main component can be obtained stably in large quantities and at low cost by using fish bones which are conventionally to be treated as industrial waste. Conventionally, these bone meals made from discarded fish bone do not necessarily have a high degree of refining and, in particular, are insufficiently deodorized and have a utility value of at most as much as additives to fertilizers, livestock feed, and fish culture feed. However, the completion of the method of the present invention has made it possible to expand to the fields of food and medicine. Furthermore, considering the effective use of fish bones that have been treated as industrial waste, it can be said that the benefits are extremely high not only in industry but also in terms of environmental protection.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An animal bone from which large pieces of meat have been removed in advance is subjected to operations such as grinding and washing with water, to which organic degrading enzymes are added, and, if necessary, microorganisms comprising bacteria, yeasts or filamentous fungi. In a method for producing a calcium agent obtained by inoculating one or more of them, heating the solution while aerating and stirring the solution to decompose organic matter, and washing or dewatering the solution one or more times. A method for producing a calcium agent, comprising treating an animal bone powder in an aqueous solution of an amphoteric surfactant or a dispersion thereof, and further treating the powder with an oxidizing agent. 2. The method for producing a calcium agent according to claim 1, wherein the amphoteric surfactant used is a glycine-type amphoteric surfactant. 3. The method for producing a calcium agent according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent to be used is aqueous hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid or a salt thereof.