JPH1028965A - Water purifying system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use a service water purifier even in case of emergency by providing a once-through tank directly connected to a service water feed line under the ground outside the residential area and furnishing a flow passage provided with a water purifier having the closing mechanism of a water purifying medium storage on the purified water outlet side of the once-through tank. SOLUTION: A water main 1 is branched, and a suction pump 2 having a stop valve V-1 and a check valve V-2 is connected to a once-through tank B through an underground box A. The water introduced into the tank B flows into a water purifier D through an outlet pipe 3 and a branch pipe 4. The water purifier D is packed with a water purifying medium such as activated carbon J, the introduced water flows downward, the org. matter, etc., are reoved, and the water is purified. The purified water is passed through a treated water outlet pipe 5 and distributed into a house. By this constitution, the purified water stored in the tank B is supplied even if the supply of service water is stopped in such a disaster as an earthquake. Besides, the embedded tank B is not broken by the earthquake.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purifier for home use or small-scale apartment buildings, and more particularly to a water purifier for emergency use.

[Prior Art] The quality of drinking water supplied as drinking water has been reduced due to pollution of river water, lake water, etc., which are water sources. The main contaminants are organic substances, the sources of which are domestic wastewater from households, untreated sewage and livestock industry wastewater, and the humic substances contained in the wastewater during the treatment process at the water treatment plant. It reacts with the injected chlorine-based germicide to produce trihalomethane (abbreviated as THM), which is attracting attention as a carcinogen. Organic chlorine compounds, for example, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, or simazine and the like from a field sprayed with pesticides penetrates from a cleaning factory or the like, and remains in the treatment water although a very small amount.

[0003] The treated water is pressurized by a pump from a water purification plant, and supplied to general consumers through a pipeline.
There is still an area where asbestos pipes are used in the pipes, and there is a possibility that water will be supplied as a small amount of foreign substances due to its aging, and depending on the material of the water pipes, red water, white water, etc. May occur. In particular, when the contamination of the water supply source becomes severe, the injection amount of the chlorine disinfectant, which is a disinfectant in the water purification plant, increases, thereby promoting the generation of THM and the generation of red water.

[0004] Against this background, household water purifiers have become widespread in recent years, and activated carbon is used to remove soluble organic substances and free chlorine, and to remove trace amounts of foreign substances, iron oxides that cause red water, and asbestos fibers. A high-tech water purifier combined with a microfiltration membrane is used for the purpose of removal, and is installed around the water in the home.

[0005] However, such conventional home water purifiers cannot be protected against emergency disasters such as earthquakes, storms and floods.
It was not considered at all, especially in the case of an earthquake, where the collapse of a house, a fire, or the catastrophic blow of a water supply line from a water purification plant made it impossible to secure drinking water, which we experienced during the recent Hanshin earthquake. By the way. That is, in the case of an earthquake,
It is necessary to take into account that the water purification system in the house will be completely unusable, and even if there is a public lifeline, water supply by water trucks due to road interruptions, etc.
It is necessary to consider that it is impossible to expect for a long time.

[0006] That is, the conventional water supply to households and the water purification system thereof are not designed for emergency situations.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The problem to be solved by the present invention is that a water supply line provided as a public facility cannot be used due to an emergency disaster, particularly a widespread disaster in a region, particularly an earthquake disaster. As a result, the water purification system in each house cannot be used completely, and safe drinking water cannot be secured for a long period of time.

At present, so-called lifelines promoted by public institutions are provided in a wide area unit. Therefore, once a disaster such as an earthquake occurs over a wide area, the road network cannot be maintained and the lifeline is not maintained. Cannot be used effectively,
Not only does this not only hinder the securing of drinking water for the general public, but also does not provide a water purification function, so it is impossible to deal with accidental contamination from outside the system, especially in the case of contamination by pathogenic bacteria. .

[Means for Solving the Problems]
Provide a water purification system that can be used even if the water supply facilities installed indoors become unavailable due to a disaster in the house, etc., which is not directly affected by the disaster. A flow-through tank directly connected to the water supply line is provided outside the basement, and a disinfectant injection line and a water supply mechanism are provided inside or outside the tank, and an opening / closing mechanism is provided on the outflow side of the treated water. Or a water purification device for accommodating a water purification medium, wherein the water purification device is provided with a flow path provided with a branch path provided with an opening / closing mechanism. It is characterized by attaching a permeable membrane device having at least a disinfecting ability to an indoor water outlet, and further providing a branch on the inflow side of the water purification device to allow non-purified treated water to enter the house. Water supply characterized by enabling water supply A water system.

[Embodiment 1] FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. On / off valve V-1 and check valve V
Underground buried box (A) with -2 attached and lid (E)
And reaches one end in once-through tank (B). Water flowing into the once-through tank ▲ B ▼ via the inlet pipe is the once-through tank ▲
Water purifier ▲ from the other end in B ▼ through outflow pipe and branch pipe
The water flows into the water purifier D from the top of D. The water purifier D is filled with a water purification medium, for example, activated carbon J at an arbitrary height, and flows downward through the activated carbon J at a predetermined flow rate. The flow rate at this time is usually 20 to 600 [l / h], preferably 60 to 300 [l / h].
h].

While passing through the packed bed, THM, other organic substances, organic chlorine compounds, free chlorine and the like existing in the tap water are removed, that is, treated as purified water. The purified water flows out from under the packed bed of activated carbon {J}, passes through a treated water discharge pipe, passes through a branch pipe, and is distributed to a predetermined position in the house. During this time, the emergency opening / closing valves V-6 and V-7 are fully closed, and the opening / closing valve V-4 is used as needed, if necessary.
Also, the pump ▲ P is provided for water supply and pressurization, but in normal times, the water pressure of the tap water flowing through the water main pipe and the inlet pipe is sufficient, so it is not used and merely flows through. .

FIG. 2 shows a destination of purified water passing through a branch pipe.
Will be described. The purified water reaches the permeable membrane module (K) attached to the tip of the faucet (V-3) via a pipe passing through the wall (L) of the house. Pleat type, hollow fiber type, spiral type, rod type,
Various types such as a capillary type and a spaghetti type can be used, but the hollow fiber type is the smallest and convenient for use. In this embodiment, a microfiltration membrane is used for the purpose of removing red rust, fine particles, and microorganisms, and its porosity is several μm.
About 0.05 μm. Also, other permeable membranes with finer pores can be used depending on the purpose. Permeable membrane module ▲
The energy required for filtration in K ▼ is usually sufficient for the water pressure specific to tap water, but in low pressure areas, the pump ▲ P
By operating ▼, it is also possible to obtain sufficient water pressure for filtration. The filtered purified water filtered by the permeable membrane module (K) passes through the discharge pipe, and then flows (H).
It is discharged inside. The length H is provided with a drainage outside system 12 for miscellaneous wastewater. The other place where water is distributed indoors via the branch pipe may be a bath or the like as an example.

[0013] The destinations of tap water that do not require water purification treatment include, for example, toilets and washing machines. The water supply to the washing machine will be described with reference to FIG. That is, if the on-off valve V-4 is opened, the non-purified water is also sent to the washing machine I via the branch pipe and further via the faucet V-5. Water supply and water stop to the washing machine (I) can be performed by operating the faucet V-5. The drainage from the washing machines I and the like is discharged out of the system through a drain pipe.

In an emergency, for example, when a house is collapsed due to a large earthquake and the water supply is stopped completely due to the catastrophic impact of the water supply route from the water purification plant as well as the water in the house, the once-through tank is used. Use purified water stored in ▲ B ▼. Since the once-through tank (B) is buried under the ground (G) in case of emergency, destruction can be avoided even in the event of an earthquake. First, the emergency on-off valve V-7 is opened, and a germicide, for example, 2-
Inject about 5% sodium hypochlorite solution. The injection amount varies depending on the amount of water stored in the once-through tank (B). However, since the volume of the once-through layer (B) is usually about 100 to 500 l, a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution is used in an amount of 20 to 1%.
Injection of 00 ml results in sterilized water of about 2 mg / l as free chlorine. Next, the pump (P) is operated, and the sterilized treatment water in the flow-through layer (B) is sent to the water purifier (D) through the outflow pipe and the branch pipe, and flows through the packed bed of the activated carbon (J) to release. Along with removing chlorine, it is also possible to remove infiltrating contaminants via the inlet tube. The treated water passes through the treated water discharge pipe and is discharged when the emergency on-off valve V-6 is opened. Since it is almost impossible to confirm the situation at the time of the damage of the faucet V-3 of the branch pipe installed indoors or the breakage of the branch pipe, if possible, the on-off valve V-8 is provided near the branch of the branch pipe from the treated water discharge pipe. It is better to attach. In an emergency, it is better to avoid using non-purified water, and it is therefore better to close the on-off valve V-4.
The water purifier D, the pump P, the on-off valve V-4, the emergency on-off valves V-6, V-7, the on-off valve V-8, etc. are located in the basement room C provided under the ground G. Is best stored in The basement (C) is provided with a cover (F), which can be opened during normal times when the water purifying medium in the water purifier (D) is replaced, and in an emergency, can be opened to disinfect the fungicide. The injection and the pump (P) can be operated.

In this embodiment, the pump (P) is provided between the water purifier and the flow-through layer. However, a bypass path may be provided, and many types of pumps may be used as the water supply mechanism used in the present invention. It is possible to use an air pump, such as a centrifugal type, a plunger type, a diaphragm type, etc., and it can be used without limitation, automatically or manually.
In addition, although electric power is convenient as a power source, in an emergency, a water storage mechanism using electric storage such as a battery or human power is desirable.

In this embodiment, an example is shown in which activated carbon is filled as a water purifier. However, there is no limitation on the water purification medium that can be used in the present invention, and two or more kinds of media having different functions may be used. it can. For example, the combined use of a water purification medium having an adsorption effect and a water purification medium having a filtration effect, that is, the use of activated carbon and a permeable membrane is one example. Another example is the use of a water purification medium having a sterilizing effect, for example, the use of a heavy metal or an iodine adsorption resin. These are examples of a water purification medium, and can be widely used such as an adsorption medium containing a resin, an inorganic adsorption medium such as zeolite, diatomaceous earth, and acid clay, a sterilization medium, a filtration medium, and an oxidation-reduction medium.

As the permeable membrane that can be used in the present invention, not only a microfiltration membrane of several μm to 0.05 μm but also a wide range of permeable membranes such as an ultrafiltration membrane, a nanofiltration membrane and a reverse osmosis membrane are used. It can be widely used as a pleat type, a hollow fiber type, a spiral type, a rod type, a capillary type, a spaghetti type, a flat type, a tube type, and the like.

As a bactericide, hydrogen peroxide, an iodine compound, ozone and the like can be used in addition to hypochlorite. Also,
The gaseous chlorine can also be used, and the emergency on-off valve V-7 of the embodiment can be used.
If a chlorine gas cylinder is installed in a row, the once-through layer ▲ B ▼
There is no restriction as long as it can be injected into the clean water inside and can be used very easily.

In the present invention, in addition to activated carbon as an adsorbing medium as a water purifying medium usable in a water purifier, an adsorbing resin as an organic one, and a clay mineral such as zeolite, diatomaceous earth and acid clay as an inorganic one. For the purpose of inhibiting the growth of general bacteria in the water purifier, a medium impregnated with heavy metals such as silver and copper, and a medium containing iodine can also be used.

In the first embodiment, the water purifier (D) is installed independently of the once-through tank (B). However, a water purifier may be provided inside or inside the once-through tank. Next, an example for explaining the mode will be described.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. First, in normal times, once-through tank
The clean water that flows into B ▼ is a water purifier with its own water pressure.
The activated carbon D of D flows upward in the packed bed of J, and is purified and passed through conduits 13 and 14 and the on-off valve V-8,
Furthermore, it is introduced indoors via a branch pipe. During normal times, the emergency on-off valve V-6 is closed and the on-off valve V-8 is open. In addition, the operation of the pump ＰP 不要 is not necessary in normal times.

In the case of an emergency, the house collapses due to the earthquake, and even if the water supply from the service pipe is stopped, the once-through tank B
Use the water inside. At that time, the emergency on-off valve V-7
Is opened, and a germicide is injected from the germicide injection port (10). After the disinfectant has been diffused and mixed into the stored tap water in the once-through tank (B), the on-off valve V-8 is closed, the emergency on-off valve V-6 is opened, and the pump (P) is operated. Water in the once-through tank ▲ B ▼ enters from below the water purification device ▲ D ▼, and activated carbon ▲ J
▼ flows through the packed bed as upward flow. During this time, free chlorine is removed, and even if contaminants enter through the intake pipe, they are absorbed and removed. Thus, the water supply is pipeline ▲ 13
(14), (14), can be discharged and used as emergency water outside the system via the emergency on-off valve V-6. At this time, various pumps can be used for the pump {P} similarly to the first embodiment, and the driving force can be either electric power or human power.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the greatest effect of the present invention is that the water purification system of the present invention is installed underground by combining a once-through tank and a water purifier provided with a water supply mechanism. Therefore, even if water supply is stopped due to the catastrophic impact of the distribution network of public water supply that occurs during an earthquake disaster, the once-through tank that is kept clean by the flow of clean water during normal times is used as a reservoir for clean water. If necessary, a sterilizing agent is injected into the clean water and sent to a water purifier by a water supply mechanism such as a pump provided therewith, whereby clean clean water can be stably obtained even in an emergency.

Further, since the purification system of the present invention is installed underground, it can be used irrespective of the collapse of a house, and the safety in the event of an emergency can completely secure drinking water. In normal times, the inside of the once-through tank acts as a flow path for clean water, and the clean water always flows through it and is discharged from the indoor tap around the water without and / or without a water purifier. It is always kept clean. Therefore, the water supply to the water purifier provided in close proximity is also clean, and the water purifying effect of the water purifier can be sufficiently achieved.It is possible to supply water to a location around the water determined indoors and use it as purified water. This eliminates the need to install a water purifier in a place near the water in a small kitchen as in the past, and even if it is installed, it is sufficient to purify water even with an extremely compact filter such as a permeable membrane module, especially a hollow fiber membrane module. The effect is obtained.

As described above, the present invention is a water purification system having a novel self-help power which has never existed in the past, and exhibits a great effect at the time of a disaster involving house collapse.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an aspect of another embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of sign]

 A Underground buried box B Flow-through tank C Basement room D Water purifier E Lid F Lid G Ground H Naganashi I Washing machine J Activated carbon K Permeable membrane module L Wall M Water purifier hangar N Lid P Pump V-1 Open / close valve V-2 Check valve V-3 Faucet V-4 On-off valve V-5 Faucet V-6 Emergency on-off valve V-7 Emergency on-off valve V-8 On-off valve 1 Water main 2 Pull-in pipe 3 Outflow pipe 4 Branch pipe 5 Drain pipe 6 Branch pipe 7 Discharge pipe 8 Branch pipe 9 Drain pipe 10 Disinfectant inlet 11 Conduit 12 Drain pipe 13 Pipe 14 Pipe

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical indication location C02F 1/50 550 C02F 1/50 550C 550H 560 560B 560E

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An inflow port of a water purification container storing a water purification medium is connected to the drainage path of a once-through tank provided with an on-off valve and a purification water inflow path and a drainage path, which is in contact with the water purification medium. An emergency open / close valve for purified water is attached to an arbitrary position of a discharge main line communicating with an outlet of the purified water treated water, and is installed outdoors and / or underground. Water purification equipment. 2. A disinfectant injection port provided with an on-off valve is provided at an arbitrary position from the once-through tank to an inlet of the water purification container storing a water purification medium. Water purification equipment. 3. A water supply mechanism is provided at an arbitrary position between the drainage passage of the once-through tank and the emergency on-off valve of the purified water, or a detour is provided before and after the water supply mechanism. The water purification device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. The drainage line of the once-through tank is provided with a pipe with an on-off valve that does not pass through the water purification container, and the discharge main line from the outlet of the water purification container to the emergency on-off valve of the purified water is provided. A branch path with an on-off valve is provided at an arbitrary position, the pipe line with an on-off valve and the branch path with an on-off valve are extended to an arbitrary outdoor position, and an on-off valve is attached to each terminal. The water purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3. 5. The water purification apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a permeable membrane-attached filter is provided at an end of the branch passage with an on-off valve extending indoors.