JPH10288709A - Production of polarizing film - Google Patents
Production of polarizing filmInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10288709A JPH10288709A JP9115323A JP11532397A JPH10288709A JP H10288709 A JPH10288709 A JP H10288709A JP 9115323 A JP9115323 A JP 9115323A JP 11532397 A JP11532397 A JP 11532397A JP H10288709 A JPH10288709 A JP H10288709A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- stretching
- resin
- polarizing
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、偏光フィルムの製
造法に関し、更に詳しくは高偏光度、高透過率を有し、
面内のコントラスト斑の少ない偏光フィルムの製造法に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a polarizing film, and more particularly, to a method for producing a polarizing film having a high degree of polarization and high transmittance
The present invention relates to a method for producing a polarizing film having less in-plane contrast unevenness.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、電子卓上計算機、電子時計、
ワープロ、自動車や機械類の計器類等に液晶表示装置が
用いられており、該液晶表示装置には、偏光板が用いら
れている。該偏光板としては、延伸・染色処理等により
偏光性能が付与されたポリビニルアルコールフィルム等
の偏光フィルムの両面にセルロース系フィルム、例えば
三酢酸セルロースフィルム等の保護層が積層された偏光
板が用いられており、最近は、その偏光性能についても
高偏光度、高透過率等の種々の要求性能が求められてい
るのである。かかる高偏光度あるいは高透過率を満足さ
せるために、重合度が２０００〜１００００のポリビニ
ルアルコールからなるフィルムを乾式で一軸延伸し、染
色後、７０〜８５℃のホウ酸含有水溶液で浸漬処理する
方法（特開平８−２４０７１５号公報）が提案されてお
り、本出願人も偏光板の偏光性能の向上を目指して、ホ
ウ素化合物での処理工程中に２段延伸を行う方法（特開
平４−２１５６０３号公報）や染色工程あるいはそれ以
前の工程での延伸倍率とホウ素化合物処理工程中での延
伸倍率とが特定の関係になるように２段延伸を行う方法
（特開平７−１２０６１８号公報）を提案した。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electronic desk calculators, electronic watches,
2. Description of the Related Art Liquid crystal display devices are used in word processors, instruments of automobiles and machinery, and the like, and polarizing plates are used in the liquid crystal display devices. As the polarizing plate, a polarizing plate in which a protective layer such as a cellulose-based film, for example, a cellulose triacetate film or the like is laminated on both surfaces of a polarizing film such as a polyvinyl alcohol film to which a polarizing property is imparted by stretching or dyeing treatment is used. Recently, various required performances such as a high degree of polarization and a high transmittance are required for the polarization performance. In order to satisfy such a high degree of polarization or high transmittance, a film made of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 2,000 to 10,000 is uniaxially stretched in a dry system, dyed, and then dipped in a boric acid-containing aqueous solution at 70 to 85 ° C. (JP-A-8-240715) has been proposed, and the present applicant also aims at improving the polarizing performance of a polarizing plate by performing a two-stage stretching during the treatment step with a boron compound (JP-A-4-215603). Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-120618) and a method of performing two-stage stretching so that the stretching ratio in the dyeing step or the preceding step and the stretching ratio in the boron compound treatment step have a specific relationship. Proposed.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、特開平
８−２４０７１５号公報開示の方法では、満足できるコ
ントラストが得られず、また、特開平４−２１５６０３
号公報開示の方法や特開平７−１２０６１８号公報開示
の方法では、面内のコントラスト斑については十分に解
消されず、まだまだ改善の余地は残されており、光学特
性に優れ、面内のコントラスト斑の少ない偏光フィルム
が望まれるところである。However, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-240715, a satisfactory contrast cannot be obtained.
In the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H07-120618 and the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-120618, in-plane contrast unevenness is not sufficiently eliminated, and there is still room for improvement, excellent optical characteristics, and excellent in-plane contrast. There is a need for a polarizing film with less spots.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明者は上記
の如き事情に鑑みて鋭意研究した結果、ポリビニルアル
コール系フィルムを乾式で４倍以下に一軸延伸した後、
染色を行い、更にホウ素化合物中で１．５倍以上に延伸
することにより得られた偏光フィルムが高透過率、高偏
光を有し、しかも面内のコントラスト斑が少ないことを
見いだし本発明の完成に至った。尚、上記の面内のコン
トラスト斑とは、より具体的には、得られた偏光フィル
ム（１００ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ）に直線偏光光を入射させ
た時の測定半径が約１ｍｍになるように調整し、かかる
直線偏光光を偏光フィルムの吸収軸に直交する方向に入
射させた時の面内の透過率（％）を縦、横５ｍｍ間隔で
約３６０点測定し、その最大値と最小値の差を意味する
ものである。また、本発明では、偏光フィルム（ポリビ
ニルアルコール系フィルム等の光学フィルムに染色・延
伸等により偏光性能を付与したもの）の少なくとも片面
に保護フィルムが設けられた光学積層体を偏光板と称す
る。Accordingly, the present inventor has conducted intensive studies in view of the above-described circumstances, and as a result, after uniaxially stretching a polyvinyl alcohol-based film to 4 times or less in a dry system,
The polarizing film obtained by performing dyeing and stretching in a boron compound by 1.5 times or more has high transmittance, high polarization, and finds that there is little in-plane contrast unevenness. Reached. Note that the in-plane contrast unevenness is more specifically adjusted so that a measurement radius when linearly polarized light is incident on the obtained polarizing film (100 mm × 100 mm) is about 1 mm. The in-plane transmittance (%) when such linearly polarized light is incident in the direction perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizing film is measured at about 360 points at intervals of 5 mm vertically and horizontally, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is determined. Is what it means. Further, in the present invention, an optical laminate in which a protective film is provided on at least one surface of a polarizing film (an optical film such as a polyvinyl alcohol-based film or the like, which is provided with a polarizing property by dyeing or stretching) is referred to as a polarizing plate.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の偏光フィルムの原料となる樹脂としては、ポリ
ビニルアルコール系樹脂、エチレンビニルアルコール系
樹脂、セルロース系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂など
が挙げられるが、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂が好適に
用いられ、以下該樹脂を用いた製造法について説明する
が、本発明の製造法は、該樹脂に限定されるものではな
い。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Examples of the resin that is a raw material of the polarizing film of the present invention include polyvinyl alcohol-based resins, ethylene vinyl alcohol-based resins, cellulose-based resins, and polycarbonate-based resins, and polyvinyl alcohol-based resins are preferably used. The production method using is described, but the production method of the present invention is not limited to the resin.
【０００６】ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂は、通常、酢
酸ビニルを重合したポリ酢酸ビニルをケン化して製造さ
れるものであるが、本発明では、必ずしもこれに限定さ
れるものではなく、少量の不飽和カルボン酸（塩、エス
テル、アミド、ニトリル等を含む）、オレフィン類、ビ
ニルエーテル類、不飽和スルホン酸塩等、酢酸ビニルと
共重合可能な成分を含有していてもよい。また、ポリビ
ニルアルコール系樹脂を酸の存在下でアルデヒド類と反
応させたポリビニルブチラール樹脂、ポリビニルホルマ
ール樹脂などのいわゆるポリビニルアセタール樹脂及び
その他ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂誘導体も挙げられる
が、これらに限定されるものではない。これらのうちで
は、耐熱性が良好であるという点から、高ケン化度で高
重合度のポリビニルアルコール（系樹脂）が好ましい。
即ち、ケン化度は９５モル％以上が好ましく、更には９
９モル％以上、とくには９９.５モル％以上であって、
（平均）重合度は２６００〜６０００が好ましく、特に
２６００〜５０００のものが好ましく、該重合度が２６
００未満では、十分な光学性能を得ることが難しく、逆
に６０００を越えると延伸時の張力が上昇して製造設備
への負担が大きくなって好ましくない。[0006] The polyvinyl alcohol resin is usually produced by saponifying polyvinyl acetate obtained by polymerizing vinyl acetate. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may contain components copolymerizable with vinyl acetate, such as acids (including salts, esters, amides, nitriles, etc.), olefins, vinyl ethers, unsaturated sulfonates, and the like. Further, polyvinyl butyral resin obtained by reacting a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin with aldehydes in the presence of an acid, a so-called polyvinyl acetal resin such as a polyvinyl formal resin, and other polyvinyl alcohol-based resin derivatives are also exemplified, but are not limited thereto. Absent. Among these, polyvinyl alcohol (based resin) having a high degree of saponification and a high degree of polymerization is preferred from the viewpoint of good heat resistance.
That is, the saponification degree is preferably 95 mol% or more, and more preferably 9 mol%.
9 mol% or more, especially 99.5 mol% or more,
The (average) degree of polymerization is preferably from 2,500 to 6,000, particularly preferably from 2,500 to 5,000.
If it is less than 00, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient optical performance, and if it exceeds 6000, the tension at the time of stretching increases and the load on the manufacturing equipment becomes large, which is not preferable.
【０００７】該ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂を用いた偏
光フィルムの製造法としては、ポリビニルアルコール系
樹脂を水又は有機溶媒に溶解した原液を流延製膜して、
原反フィルムを作製した後、該フィルムに染色・延伸等
の処理を施して、偏光性能を付与する方法が一般的で、
該原液の調製に際して使用される溶媒としては、例えば
水はもちろん、ジメチルスルホキシド（ＤＭＳＯ）、Ｎ
−メチルピロリドン、グリセリン、エチレングリコー
ル、プロピレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ト
リエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ト
リメチロールプロパン等の多価アルコール、エチレンジ
アミン、ジエチレントリアミン等のアミン類及びこれら
の混合物が用いられる。As a method for producing a polarizing film using the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, a stock solution obtained by dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin in water or an organic solvent is cast and formed.
After preparing the raw film, the film is subjected to a treatment such as dyeing and stretching, and a method of imparting polarization performance is generally used.
Examples of the solvent used for preparing the stock solution include water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N
-Polyhydric alcohols such as methylpyrrolidone, glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and trimethylolpropane; amines such as ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine; and mixtures thereof are used.
【０００８】上記有機溶媒中には少量、例えば５〜３０
重量％の水を含有させても差し支えない。原液中のポリ
ビニルアルコール系樹脂の濃度は５〜２０重量％が実用
的である。該溶剤を用いて得られたポリビニルアルコー
ル系樹脂製膜原液は、キャスト法、押出法等任意の方法
で製膜される。製膜方法としては乾・湿式製膜法にて、
即ち、該溶液を口金スリットから一旦空気中、又は窒
素、ヘリウム、アルゴン等の不活性雰囲気中に吐出し、
次いで凝固浴中に導いて未延伸フィルムを形成せしめ
る。又は口金から吐出された製膜溶液は一旦ローラー、
あるいはベルトコンベアー等の上で溶剤を一部乾燥した
後で凝固浴中に導入しても差し支えない。In the above organic solvent, a small amount, for example, 5 to 30
Water may be contained by weight. The practical concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin in the stock solution is 5 to 20% by weight. The undiluted solution of a polyvinyl alcohol resin film obtained using the solvent is formed by any method such as a casting method and an extrusion method. The film forming method is a dry / wet film forming method.
That is, the solution is temporarily discharged from the base slit into the air or into an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen, helium, and argon,
It is then led into a coagulation bath to form an unstretched film. Or the film-forming solution discharged from the die is once a roller,
Alternatively, the solvent may be partially dried on a belt conveyor or the like and then introduced into a coagulation bath.
【０００９】又、凝固浴に用いる溶媒には前記ポリビニ
ルアルコール系樹脂の溶剤と混和性を有するもので、例
えばメタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノー
ル等のアルコール類、アセトン、ベンゼン、トルエン等
が挙げられる。ポリビニルアルコール系原反フィルムを
得る方法としては、その他ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂
の溶液を凝固浴中に導入してフィルム化するいわゆるゲ
ル製膜法等も実施可能である。The solvent used in the coagulation bath is miscible with the solvent of the polyvinyl alcohol resin, and includes, for example, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, acetone, benzene and toluene. As a method for obtaining a polyvinyl alcohol-based raw film, a so-called gel film forming method in which a solution of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is introduced into a coagulation bath to form a film, or the like, can also be performed.
【００１０】原反フィルムとしては、その膜厚は３０〜
１００μｍが好ましく、更には５０〜９０μｍが好まし
く、３０μｍ未満では延伸困難となり、１００μｍを越
えると膜厚精度が低下して好ましくない。上記の如くし
て得られたポリビニルアルコール系原反（未延伸）フィ
ルムは、次に染色、延伸、ホウ素化合物等の処理が施さ
れるわけであるが、本発明では、かかる原反フィルムを
予め乾式で４倍以下に一軸延伸した後、染色を行い、更
にホウ素化合物中で１．５倍以上に延伸することを最大
の特徴とするもので、かかる方法について具体的に説明
する。The film thickness of the raw film is 30 to
The thickness is preferably 100 μm, more preferably 50 to 90 μm, and if it is less than 30 μm, stretching becomes difficult. The polyvinyl alcohol-based raw (unstretched) film obtained as described above is then dyed, stretched, and treated with a boron compound and the like. The biggest feature of the method is that the film is uniaxially stretched to 4 times or less in a dry system, dyed, and further stretched to 1.5 times or more in a boron compound. This method will be specifically described.
【００１１】かかる乾式での延伸は、特に限定されるこ
となく、原反フィルムを一対の加熱ロール間を通過させ
て圧縮延伸させる方法、原反フィルムに後方張力を付与
させながら、駆動する加熱ロールに接触させて延伸させ
る方法等を挙げることができる。かかる延伸時の（加熱
ロール）温度は１００〜１７５℃が好ましく、更には１
２０〜１６０℃が好ましく、該温度が１００℃未満で
は、均一な延伸が難しく、逆に１７５℃を越えると後の
染色工程での染色性が低下して好ましくない。本発明で
は、かかる延伸時の延伸倍率を４倍以下（更には３．５
〜１．５倍）とすることが必要で、該延伸倍率が４倍を
越えるときには、偏光度が低下して、本発明の目的を達
成することはできない。乾式延伸されたポリビニルアル
コール系フィルムは、次いで染色されるわけであるが、
染色前に延伸を保持した状態で、該フィルムと水を接触
させることが好ましい。The stretching in the dry method is not particularly limited, and a method in which the raw film is passed through a pair of heating rolls for compression and stretching, and a heating roll driven while applying a rear tension to the raw film. And a method of stretching the film by contacting the film. The temperature (heating roll) at the time of the stretching is preferably 100 to 175 ° C, and more preferably 1 to 175 ° C.
When the temperature is lower than 100 ° C., uniform stretching is difficult. On the other hand, when the temperature is higher than 175 ° C., the dyeability in the subsequent dyeing step is undesirably reduced. In the present invention, the stretching ratio at the time of such stretching is 4 times or less (further 3.5 times).
When the stretching ratio exceeds 4 times, the degree of polarization decreases, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. The dry-stretched polyvinyl alcohol-based film is then dyed,
It is preferable that the film is brought into contact with water while stretching is maintained before dyeing.
【００１２】その後、該フィルムに偏光素子を含有する
液体を接触させることによって染色が行われる。通常
は、ヨウ素−ヨウ化カリウムの水溶液が用いられ、ヨウ
素の濃度は０．１〜２ｇ／ｌ、ヨウ化カリウムの濃度は
１０〜５０ｇ／ｌ、ヨウ素／ヨウ化カリウムの重量比は
２０〜１００が適当である。染色時間は３０〜５００秒
程度が実用的である。処理浴の温度は５〜５０℃が好ま
しい。水溶媒以外に水と相溶性のある有機溶媒を少量含
有させても差し支えない。接触手段としては浸漬、塗
布、噴霧等の任意の手段が適用できる。Thereafter, dyeing is performed by bringing a liquid containing a polarizing element into contact with the film. Usually, an aqueous solution of iodine-potassium iodide is used. The concentration of iodine is 0.1 to 2 g / l, the concentration of potassium iodide is 10 to 50 g / l, and the weight ratio of iodine / potassium iodide is 20 to 100. Is appropriate. The dyeing time is practically about 30 to 500 seconds. The temperature of the treatment bath is preferably 5 to 50C. A small amount of an organic solvent compatible with water other than the water solvent may be contained. Arbitrary means such as immersion, coating, spraying and the like can be applied as the contact means.
【００１３】染色処理されたフィルムは、次いでホウ素
化合物（水溶液）によって処理された後、水洗されるわ
けであるが、本発明では該ホウ素化合物（処理）中で
１．５倍以上（更には１．５〜４倍）に（一軸）延伸す
ることが必要で、該延伸が１．５倍未満では、面内のコ
ントラスト斑が激しくなって、本発明の目的を達成する
ことはできない。[0013] The dyed film is then treated with a boron compound (aqueous solution) and then washed with water. In the present invention, the dyed film is 1.5 times or more (more preferably 1% or more) in the boron compound (treatment). (1.5 to 4 times) (uniaxial) stretching, and if the stretching is less than 1.5 times, in-plane contrast unevenness becomes severe and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
【００１４】該ホウ素化合物としては、ホウ酸、ホウ砂
が実用的である。ホウ素化合物は水溶液又は水−有機溶
媒混合液の形で、このときのホウ素化合物水溶液（又は
混合液）の濃度は１０〜８０モル／ｌが好ましく、液中
には少量のヨウ化カリウムを共存させるのが実用上望ま
しい。処理法は浸漬法が望ましいが、勿論塗布法、噴霧
法も実施可能である。該ホウ素化合物処理の温度は、３
０〜８０℃が好ましく、更には４０〜７５℃が好まし
い。上記のホウ素化合物処理は２回以上に分けて行うこ
とも可能で、このときは全ホウ素化合物処理での総倍率
を１．５倍以上とすればよい。As the boron compound, boric acid and borax are practical. The boron compound is in the form of an aqueous solution or an aqueous-organic solvent mixture, and the concentration of the aqueous boron compound solution (or mixture) is preferably 10 to 80 mol / l, and a small amount of potassium iodide coexists in the solution. Is practically desirable. The treatment method is preferably an immersion method, but of course, a coating method and a spraying method can also be performed. The temperature of the boron compound treatment is 3
It is preferably from 0 to 80C, more preferably from 40 to 75C. The above boron compound treatment can be performed twice or more, and in this case, the total magnification in all boron compound treatments may be 1.5 times or more.
【００１５】かかる処理により、染色・延伸された偏光
フィルムが得られるわけであるが、一軸方向の総延伸倍
率は４．５〜７．０倍が好ましく、更には５．０〜７．
０倍が好ましい。該総延伸倍率が４．５倍未満では、満
足できる光学特性を得ることが難しく、逆に７．０倍を
越えると延伸中のフィルムの切断が発生し易くなり好ま
しくない。本発明においては、一軸延伸と直角（幅）方
向にも若干の延伸（幅方向の収縮を防止する程度あるい
はそれ以上の延伸）を行っても差し支えない。By this treatment, a dyed and stretched polarizing film is obtained. The total stretching ratio in the uniaxial direction is preferably 4.5 to 7.0 times, and more preferably 5.0 to 7.0.
0 times is preferred. If the total stretching ratio is less than 4.5 times, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory optical properties. On the other hand, if it exceeds 7.0 times, the film tends to be cut during stretching, which is not preferable. In the present invention, slight stretching (extending to a degree that prevents shrinkage in the width direction or more) may be performed in the direction (width) perpendicular to the uniaxial stretching.
【００１６】更に、該水洗処理においては、水温を２０
℃以下で行うことが好ましい。好適には０〜１０℃であ
る。該水温が２０℃を越えると水洗の水量を極端に絞る
必要があり、異物の除去が不完全となり好ましくない。
水洗処理の処理時間は１５分以下、好ましくは１０〜１
２０秒間が適当である。水洗処理後、必要に応じて３０
〜１２０℃で０．５〜１０分間の乾燥処理を施した後、
本発明の偏光フィルムが得られる訳であるが、該偏光フ
ィルムには、その両面又は片面に光学的透明度と機械的
強度に優れた保護フィルムが貼り合わされて偏光板とし
て利用される。Further, in the water washing treatment, the water temperature is set at 20.
It is preferably performed at a temperature of not more than ℃. Preferably it is 0-10 degreeC. If the water temperature exceeds 20 ° C., it is necessary to extremely reduce the amount of water for washing, which is not preferable because the removal of foreign substances is incomplete.
The treatment time of the water washing treatment is 15 minutes or less, preferably 10 to 1
20 seconds is appropriate. After washing with water, if necessary
After performing a drying treatment at ~ 120 ° C for 0.5 to 10 minutes,
The polarizing film of the present invention is obtained, and a protective film having excellent optical transparency and mechanical strength is bonded to both sides or one side of the polarizing film, and is used as a polarizing plate.
【００１７】該保護フィルムとしては酢酸セルロース系
フィルム、アクリル系フィルム、ポリエステル系フィル
ム、ポリオレフィン系フィルム、ポリカーボネート系フ
ィルム、ポリエーテルエーテルケト系フィルム、ポリス
ルホン系フィルム等が挙げられるが、好適には二酢酸セ
ルロースフィルム、三酢酸セルロースフィルム等の酢酸
セルロース系フィルム用いられ、更に、必要に応じて、
上記樹脂フィルムにサリチル酸エステル系化合物、ベン
ゾフェノール系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、
シアノアクリレート系化合物、ニッケル錯塩系化合物等
の紫外線吸収剤を配合させることも可能である。又、該
保護フィルムの表面をアルカリでケン化処理したり、プ
ラズマ処理、グロー放電処理、コロナ放電処理、高周波
処理、電子線処理等を行うと、更に効果的である。又、
偏光フィルムと保護フィルムとの接着に際しては、天然
或いは合成ゴム、アクリル系樹脂、ブチラール系樹脂、
エポキシ系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹
脂、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂等を主成分とする接着
剤ないし粘着剤等を用いて、風乾法、化学硬化法、熱硬
化法、熱熔融法等により接着せしめることができる。Examples of the protective film include a cellulose acetate film, an acrylic film, a polyester film, a polyolefin film, a polycarbonate film, a polyetheretherketo film, and a polysulfone film. Cellulose film, cellulose acetate-based film such as cellulose triacetate film is used, if necessary, further,
Salicylic acid ester compound, benzophenol compound, benzotriazole compound,
An ultraviolet absorber such as a cyanoacrylate-based compound or a nickel complex-based compound may be added. Further, it is more effective if the surface of the protective film is saponified with an alkali, or subjected to plasma treatment, glow discharge treatment, corona discharge treatment, high frequency treatment, electron beam treatment, or the like. or,
When bonding the polarizing film and the protective film, natural or synthetic rubber, acrylic resin, butyral resin,
Using an adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive mainly composed of an epoxy resin, a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, etc., adhere by an air drying method, a chemical curing method, a thermosetting method, a hot melting method, or the like. be able to.
【００１８】上記の偏光板には、その表面に必要に応じ
て透明な粘着剤層を通常知られている方法で設けること
ができる。該粘着剤層としてはアクリル酸エステル、例
えばアクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸
メチル、アクリル酸２−エチルヘキシル等とα−モノオ
レフィンカルボン酸、例えばアクリル酸、マレイン酸、
イタコン酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸等との共重合物
（アクリルニトリル、酢酸ビニル、スチロールの如きビ
ニル単量体を添加したものも含む。）を主体とするもの
が、偏光フィルムの偏光特性を阻害することがないので
特に好ましいが、これに限定されることなく、透明性を
有する粘着剤であれば使用可能で、例えばポリビニルエ
ーテル系、ゴム系等でもよい。The above-mentioned polarizing plate may be provided with a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on its surface as required by a generally known method. As the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, acrylates, for example, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and the like and α-monoolefin carboxylic acid, for example, acrylic acid, maleic acid,
Copolymers with itaconic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, etc. (including those containing vinyl monomers such as acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, and styrene) mainly inhibit the polarizing properties of polarizing films It is particularly preferable because it does not occur. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any transparent adhesive can be used. For example, a polyvinyl ether-based or rubber-based adhesive may be used.
【００１９】又、更に偏光板の片面（上記粘着剤が設け
られていない面）に各種機能層を設けることも可能であ
り、機能層としては、例えばアンチグレア層、ハードコ
ート層、アンチリフレクション層、ハーフリフレクショ
ン層、反射層、蓄光層、エレクトロルミネッセンス層な
どが挙げられ、更に各種２種以上の組み合わせをするこ
とも可能で、例えばアンチグレア層とアンチリフレクシ
ョン層、蓄光層と反射層、蓄光層とハーフリフレクショ
ン層、蓄光層と光拡散層、蓄光層とエレクトロルミネッ
センス層、ハーフリフレクション層とエレクトロルミネ
ッセンス層等の組み合わせが挙げられる。但し、これら
に限定されることはない。Further, it is also possible to provide various functional layers on one surface of the polarizing plate (the surface on which the above-mentioned adhesive is not provided). Examples of the functional layers include an anti-glare layer, a hard coat layer, an anti-reflection layer, and the like. Examples include a half-reflection layer, a reflection layer, a luminous layer, an electroluminescence layer, and the like. Further, a combination of two or more types can be used. Examples include a combination of a reflection layer, a light storage layer and a light diffusion layer, a light storage layer and an electroluminescence layer, and a half reflection layer and an electroluminescence layer. However, it is not limited to these.
【００２０】アンチグレア層とは、偏光板表面への蛍光
灯等の写り込み像を拡散し表示を見やすくしたり、指紋
等の付着を防止するためのもので、具体的には粒子径が
０．１〜２０μｍのシリカビーズ等の無機充填剤やアク
リル、スチレン、ジビニルベンゼン、メラミン、ベンゾ
グアナミン等の有機充填剤を配合したメラミン系樹脂、
ウレタン系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、アルキッド系樹脂、
シリコーン系樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂や多官能アクリル系
の紫外線或いは電子線等のエネルギー線硬化性樹脂等が
用いられ、セルロース系フィルム表面に、バーコート、
ロールコート、グラビアコート、エアナイフコート等の
公知の塗工方法により塗工される。該アンチグレア層の
厚みは１〜２０μｍ程度である。The anti-glare layer is used to diffuse a reflected image of a fluorescent lamp or the like onto the surface of the polarizing plate to make the display easier to see or to prevent the adhesion of fingerprints or the like. Melamine-based resin blended with an inorganic filler such as silica beads of 1 to 20 μm or an organic filler such as acrylic, styrene, divinylbenzene, melamine, benzoguanamine,
Urethane resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin,
A thermosetting resin such as a silicone resin or an energy ray curable resin such as a polyfunctional acrylic ultraviolet ray or an electron beam is used, and a bar coat,
Coating is performed by a known coating method such as roll coating, gravure coating, and air knife coating. The thickness of the antiglare layer is about 1 to 20 μm.
【００２１】ハードコート層とは、表面硬度をＨ（鉛筆
硬度）以上にして耐擦傷性を付与するもので、具体的に
はメラミン系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、
アルキッド系樹脂、シリコーン系樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂
や多官能アクリル系樹脂を主成分とし、紫外線或いは電
子線等によるエネルギー線硬化性樹脂やＳｉＯ2等の金
属酸化物等が用いられ、セルロース系フィルム表面に形
成される。該層の形成方法としては、樹脂の場合にはバ
ーコート、ロールコート、グラビアコート、エアナイフ
コート等の公知の塗工方法が、又金属酸化物の場合には
真空蒸着方法が好適に採用される。該ハードコート層の
厚みは１〜２０μｍ程度である。The hard coat layer has a surface hardness of H (pencil hardness) or more to impart abrasion resistance. Specifically, a melamine resin, a urethane resin, an acrylic resin,
A thermosetting resin such as an alkyd resin, a silicone resin, or a polyfunctional acrylic resin is used as a main component, and an energy ray-curable resin such as an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam or a metal oxide such as SiO 2 is used. Formed on the film surface. As a method for forming the layer, known coating methods such as bar coating, roll coating, gravure coating, and air knife coating are preferably used in the case of a resin, and a vacuum evaporation method is preferably used in the case of a metal oxide. . The thickness of the hard coat layer is about 1 to 20 μm.
【００２２】アンチリフレクション層とは、偏光板表面
での外光反射を抑制し表示を見やすくするためのもの
で、具体的にはフッ素系樹脂やＳｉＯ2、ＭｇＦ2、Ｚｒ
Ｏ2、ＡｌＯ3、ＴｉＯ2等の金属酸化物等が用いられ、
セルロース系フィルム表面に形成される。該層の形成方
法としては、樹脂の場合にはバーコート、ロールコー
ト、グラビアコート、エアナイフコート等の公知の塗工
方法が、又金属酸化物の場合には真空蒸着方法が好適に
採用され、該金属酸化物は２層以上積層されることが多
く、該アンチリフレクション層の厚みは０．０５〜１μ
ｍ程度である。又、アンチリフレクション層とアンチグ
レア層を組み合わせて使用することも有効である。The anti-reflection layer is for suppressing reflection of external light on the surface of the polarizing plate to make the display easier to see. Specifically, the anti-reflection layer is made of fluorine resin, SiO 2 , MgF 2 , Zr.
Metal oxides such as O 2 , AlO 3 and TiO 2 are used,
It is formed on the surface of a cellulosic film. As a method for forming the layer, a known coating method such as bar coating, roll coating, gravure coating, or air knife coating is used in the case of a resin, and a vacuum deposition method is preferably used in the case of a metal oxide. The metal oxide is often laminated in two or more layers, and the thickness of the anti-reflection layer is 0.05 to 1 μm.
m. It is also effective to use a combination of an anti-reflection layer and an anti-glare layer.
【００２３】ハーフリフレクション層とは、昼間は外光
反射を利用し、夜間はバックライトからの透過光を利用
してディスプレイを表示させて低消費電力化を図るため
のもので、具体的には、鱗片状雲母、二酸化チタン被覆
雲母、板状魚鱗箔、六角板状塩基性炭酸鉛、酸塩化ビス
マス等の微細雲母又は真珠顔料、微小ガラスビーズ、ガ
ラス粉砕粒等のガラス製品、プラスチックチップ、プラ
スチック粉砕粒等のプラスチック製品等の透明及び／又
は半透明粒子を含有した粘着剤を用いて、（メタ）アク
リル系樹脂、アセテート、ポリカーボネート、ポリエス
テル、ポリウレタン等の光学的透明性を有する合成樹脂
層を偏光板と貼り合わせたり、上記合成樹脂層上に上記
透明及び／又は半透明粒子を被着したフィルムを粘着剤
を介して偏光板と貼り合わせたりする等の方法が採られ
るが、これに限られるものではない。該ハーフリフレク
ション層付き偏光板は実用的には液晶パネルの下偏光板
として用いられ、ハーフリフレクション層が下層となる
ように、即ちハーフリフレクション層が設けられていな
いセルロース系フィルム面が液晶パネルに貼合される。The half-reflection layer is used to reduce power consumption by displaying a display by using external light reflection during the daytime and by using transmitted light from a backlight at nighttime. , Scale-like mica, titanium dioxide-coated mica, plate-like fish scale foil, hexagonal plate-like basic lead carbonate, bismuth oxychloride, and other fine mica or pearl pigments, glass products such as fine glass beads, ground glass particles, plastic chips, plastic Using an adhesive containing transparent and / or translucent particles such as plastic products such as pulverized particles, a synthetic resin layer having optical transparency such as (meth) acrylic resin, acetate, polycarbonate, polyester, and polyurethane is formed. A film in which the transparent and / or translucent particles are adhered on the synthetic resin layer by bonding to a polarizing plate or a polarizing plate via an adhesive. Ri a method such as to adjust them is taken, the present invention is not limited to this. The polarizing plate with a half-reflection layer is practically used as a lower polarizing plate of a liquid crystal panel, and the cellulose-based film surface on which the half-reflection layer is not provided, that is, the half-reflection layer is not provided, is attached to the liquid crystal panel. Are combined.
【００２４】反射層とは、昼間に外光反射を利用してデ
ィスプレイを表示させてバックライトを省略するための
もので、具体的には三酢酸セルロースフィルム等の酢酸
セルロース系フィルムやポリエチレンテレフタレート
（ＰＥＴ）などの基材上にアルミニウム、銀等の高反射
率を有する金属を蒸着したもので、粘着剤を介して偏光
板（一方のセルロース系フィルム）に貼合される。該反
射層付き偏光板は実用的には液晶パネルの下偏光板とし
て用いられ、反射層が下層となるように、即ち反射層が
設けられていない他方のセルロース系フィルム面が液晶
パネルに貼合される。The reflective layer is used for displaying a display by using external light reflection in the daytime and omitting a backlight, and specifically, a cellulose acetate film such as a cellulose triacetate film or polyethylene terephthalate ( A metal having high reflectance, such as aluminum or silver, is deposited on a substrate such as PET (PET), and is bonded to a polarizing plate (one cellulose-based film) via an adhesive. The polarizing plate with a reflective layer is practically used as a lower polarizer of a liquid crystal panel, and the other cellulose-based film surface without the reflective layer is bonded to the liquid crystal panel so that the reflective layer is a lower layer. Is done.
【００２５】蓄光層とは、昼間に外光を蓄えることで夜
間にはバックライト無しでディスプレイを表示させるこ
とができるためのもので、具体的には、硫化亜鉛、或い
は硫化カルシウムを母体とし、これに賦活剤として銅を
添加し、融剤を混ぜて焼成した緑色の蛍光体がよく用い
られたり、又、該蓄光型の塗料にラジウムやストロンチ
ウム等のα線、β線を放射する元素を微量加えて自ら発
光する発光型の塗料とし用いられる。該蓄光層は偏光板
の片面（一方のセルロース系フィルム）にアクリル樹脂
等のバインダー樹脂とともにコーティングされ、該蓄光
層付き偏光板は実用的には液晶パネルの下偏光板として
用いられ、蓄光層が下層となるように、即ち蓄光層が設
けられていない他方のセルロース系フィルム面が液晶パ
ネルに貼合される。又、蓄光層の下層に反射層を設けた
り、蓄光層と偏光板の間にハーフリフレクション層を設
けたすることも有効である。The light-storing layer is for storing display light during the daytime so that a display can be displayed without a backlight at night. Specifically, the light-storing layer is made of zinc sulfide or calcium sulfide as a base material. A green phosphor obtained by adding copper as an activator thereto, mixing a flux, and sintering the mixture is often used.Also, the phosphorescent paint contains an element that emits α-ray or β-ray such as radium or strontium. It is used as a light-emitting paint that emits light by itself in addition to a trace amount. The phosphorescent layer is coated on one side (one cellulose film) of a polarizing plate together with a binder resin such as an acrylic resin, and the polarizing plate with the phosphorescent layer is practically used as a lower polarizing plate of a liquid crystal panel. The other cellulosic film surface not provided with a luminous layer is bonded to a liquid crystal panel so as to be a lower layer. It is also effective to provide a reflective layer below the luminous layer or to provide a half-reflection layer between the luminous layer and the polarizing plate.
【００２６】エレクトロルミネッセンス層とは、従来の
バックライトに代わり軽量化、薄膜化が図られるための
もので、実用的には液晶パネルの下偏光板の更に下層に
設けられる。エレクトロルミネッセンス材料としては、
無機材料のものと有機材料のものとがあり、無機材料と
しては硫化亜鉛等の蛍光体粒子が挙げられ、有機材料と
してはトリス（８−キノリノラト）アルミニウム錯体、
ビス（ベンゾキノリノラト）ベリリウム錯体等が挙げら
れる。実際の使用に際しては、エレクトロルミネッセン
ス層の片面（偏光板側）にＩＴＯ電極を、もう片面に誘
電体層及び背面電極を設けて、ＩＴＯ電極と背面電極に
電流を通し発光させる。又、エレクトロルミネッセンス
層と偏光板の間に蓄光層又はハーフリフレクション層を
設けたりすることも有効である。The electroluminescent layer is used to reduce the weight and make the film thinner in place of the conventional backlight, and is practically provided further below the lower polarizing plate of the liquid crystal panel. As an electroluminescent material,
There are an inorganic material and an organic material, and the inorganic material includes phosphor particles such as zinc sulfide, and the organic material is tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum complex.
Bis (benzoquinolinolato) beryllium complex and the like can be mentioned. In actual use, an ITO electrode is provided on one side (the polarizing plate side) of the electroluminescent layer, and a dielectric layer and a back electrode are provided on the other side, and current is passed through the ITO electrode and the back electrode to emit light. It is also effective to provide a light storage layer or a half reflection layer between the electroluminescence layer and the polarizing plate.
【００２７】本発明では、上記の各種機能層を偏光板に
設けること、又、各種機能層を上記の如く種々組み合わ
せて偏光板に設けることで、更に各種機能に優れた光学
積層体を得ることができるのである。In the present invention, by providing the above-mentioned various functional layers on the polarizing plate, or by providing the various functional layers in various combinations as described above on the polarizing plate, it is possible to obtain an optical laminate having more excellent various functions. You can do it.
【００２８】かくして、本発明の偏光フィルム（あるい
は偏光板）は、偏光特性に優れ、かつ各種の機能層を積
層することができて、各種機能層の機能を充分に発揮
し、電子卓上計算機、電子時計、ワープロ、自動車や機
械類の計器類等の液晶表示装置、サングラス、防目メガ
ネ、立体メガネ、表示素子（ＣＲＴ、ＬＣＤ等）用反射
低減層、医療機器、建築材料、玩具等に用いられ、特に
自動車や機械類の計器類等の液晶表示装置に有用であ
る。Thus, the polarizing film (or polarizing plate) of the present invention is excellent in polarization characteristics, can laminate various functional layers, fully exerts the functions of various functional layers, and has an electronic desk calculator. Used for liquid crystal display devices such as electronic watches, word processors, instruments for automobiles and machinery, sunglasses, eye-protection glasses, stereoscopic glasses, reflection-reducing layers for display elements (CRT, LCD, etc.), medical equipment, building materials, toys, etc. It is especially useful for liquid crystal display devices such as instruments for automobiles and machinery.
【００２９】[0029]
【実施例】次に実施例を挙げて本発明の偏光フィルムの
製造法を更に詳しく説明する。尚、実施例中「％」とあ
るのは，特に断りのない限り重量基準である。又、本発
明で言う偏光度は次式で示される。 〔（Ｈ11−Ｈ1）／（Ｈ11＋Ｈ1）〕1/2 × １００
（％） ここでＨ11は２枚の偏光フィルムサンプルの重ね合わせ
時において、偏光フィルムの配向方向が同一方向になる
様に重ね合わせた状態で分光光度計を用いて測定した透
過率（％）、Ｈ1は２枚のサンプルの重ね合わせ時にお
いて、偏光フィルムの配向方向が互いに直交する方向に
なる様に重ね合わせた状態で測定した透過率(％)であ
る。EXAMPLES Next, the method for producing the polarizing film of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In the examples, “%” is based on weight unless otherwise specified. The degree of polarization in the present invention is represented by the following equation. [(H 11 -H 1) / ( H 11 + H 1) ] 1/2 × 100
(%) Where H 11 at the time of superposition of two polarizing film sample, transmittance orientation direction was measured using a spectrophotometer in a state superimposed so as to become the same direction of the polarizing film (%) , H 1 at the time of superposition of the two samples, the transmittance orientation direction was measured in the stacked state so as to be mutually orthogonal directions of the polarizing film (%).
【００３０】実施例１ 平均重合度３８００、ケン化度９９．５モル％のポリビ
ニルアルコール系樹脂を水に溶解し、５．０％の溶液を
得た。該溶液をポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上
に流延後乾燥し原反フィルム（厚さ８０μｍ）を得た。
該フィルムをチャックに装着し、１２０℃の雰囲気下で
一軸方向に２倍に乾式延伸を行った。次いで、得られた
延伸フィルムを緊張（延伸）を保持したままで、２０℃
の水槽に５分浸漬後、更にヨウ素０．２ｇ／ｌ、ヨウ化
カリウム３０ｇ／ｌよりなる水溶液中に２０℃にて５分
間浸漬して染色を行った後、更に、ホウ酸６０ｇ／ｌ、
ヨウ化カリウム４０ｇ／ｌの組成からなるホウ酸水溶液
槽（温度５５℃）で更に３倍（総倍率６倍）に一軸延伸
しつつ５分間ホウ素化合物の処理を行った後、１０℃の
純水で１５秒間水洗処理を行い、その後８０℃で２分間
乾燥して本発明の偏光フィルムを得た。Example 1 A polyvinyl alcohol resin having an average polymerization degree of 3800 and a saponification degree of 99.5 mol% was dissolved in water to obtain a 5.0% solution. The solution was cast on a polyethylene terephthalate film and dried to obtain a raw film (80 μm thick).
The film was mounted on a chuck, and was subjected to dry stretching in a uniaxial direction twice in an atmosphere at 120 ° C. Next, the obtained stretched film is kept at 20 ° C. while maintaining the tension (stretching).
After immersion in a water tank for 5 minutes, further immersion in an aqueous solution consisting of 0.2 g / l of iodine and 30 g / l of potassium iodide at 20 ° C. for 5 minutes to perform dyeing, further, 60 g / l of boric acid,
After treating the boron compound for 5 minutes while further uniaxially stretching 3 times (total magnification 6 times) in a boric acid aqueous solution tank (temperature 55 ° C.) having a composition of potassium iodide 40 g / l, pure water at 10 ° C. For 15 seconds, followed by drying at 80 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a polarizing film of the present invention.
【００３１】得られた偏光フィルムの面内のコントラス
ト斑を前記の方法にしたがって、高速多波長複屈折測定
装置（大塚電子（株）製：ＲＥＴＳ−２０００）により
測定したところ、最大値は８８．５４％で、最小値は８
７．７７％で、その差は０．７７％であった。また、透
過率の平均値は４４．１６％であった。また、別途測定
した偏光度は９９．６１％で、該透過率と偏光度より算
出される２色比は５１であった。The contrast unevenness in the plane of the obtained polarizing film was measured by a high-speed multi-wavelength birefringence measuring apparatus (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd .: RETS-2000) according to the method described above. 54% with a minimum of 8
7.77%, the difference being 0.77%. The average value of the transmittance was 44.16%. The degree of polarization measured separately was 99.61%, and the two-color ratio calculated from the transmittance and the degree of polarization was 51.
【００３２】実施例２ 実施例１において、乾式延伸時の温度を１５０℃とした
以外は同様に行って偏光フィルムを得て、同様に測定を
行ったところ、面内のコントラスト斑の最大値は８８．
５３％で、最小値は８７．７３％で、その差は０．８０
％であった。また、透過率の平均値は４３．９８％であ
った。また、別途測定した偏光度は９９．６８％で、該
透過率と偏光度より算出される２色比は５１であった。Example 2 A polarizing film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature at the time of dry stretching was set to 150 ° C., and the same measurement was carried out. 88.
At 53%, the minimum is 87.73%, the difference is 0.80
%Met. The average value of the transmittance was 43.98%. The degree of polarization measured separately was 99.68%, and the two-color ratio calculated from the transmittance and the degree of polarization was 51.
【００３３】実施例３ 実施例１において、乾式延伸時の延伸倍率を３倍とし、
更にホウ酸水溶液槽中での延伸倍率を２倍（総倍率６
倍）とした以外は同様に行って偏光フィルムを得て、同
様に測定を行ったところ、面内のコントラスト斑の最大
値は８８．７９％で、最小値は８８．００％で、その差
は０．７９％であった。また、透過率の平均値は４４．
１７％であった。また、別途測定した偏光度は９９．７
９％で、該透過率と偏光度より算出される２色比は５５
であった。Example 3 In Example 1, the stretching ratio in dry stretching was set to 3 times.
Further, the stretching ratio in the boric acid aqueous solution tank is increased by 2 times (total magnification of 6 times).
The same procedure as above was performed to obtain a polarizing film, and the same measurement was performed. The maximum value of the in-plane contrast unevenness was 88.79%, and the minimum value was 88.00%. Was 0.79%. The average value of the transmittance is 44.
17%. The degree of polarization measured separately was 99.7.
At 9%, the two-color ratio calculated from the transmittance and the degree of polarization is 55.
Met.
【００３４】実施例４ 実施例１において、乾式延伸時の延伸倍率を４倍とし、
更にホウ酸水溶液槽中での延伸倍率を１．５倍（総倍率
６倍）とした以外は同様に行って偏光フィルムを得て、
同様に測定を行ったところ、面内のコントラスト斑の最
大値は８８．２１％で、最小値は８７．７３％で、その
差は０．４８％であった。また、透過率の平均値は４
４．２２％であった。また、別途測定した偏光度は９
９．２４％で、該透過率と偏光度より算出される２色比
は４５であった。Example 4 In Example 1, the stretching ratio in dry stretching was set to 4 times.
Further, a polarizing film was obtained in the same manner except that the stretching ratio in a boric acid aqueous solution tank was set to 1.5 times (total magnification 6 times).
When the measurement was performed similarly, the maximum value of the in-plane contrast unevenness was 88.21%, the minimum value was 87.73%, and the difference was 0.48%. The average value of the transmittance is 4
It was 4.22%. The degree of polarization measured separately was 9
At 9.24%, the two-color ratio calculated from the transmittance and the degree of polarization was 45.
【００３５】比較例１ 実施例１において、乾式延伸に代えて、２０℃の水中で
延伸を行った以外は同様に行って偏光フィルムを得て、
同様に測定を行ったところ、面内のコントラスト斑の最
大値は９０．２０％で、最小値は８８．７３％で、その
差は１．４７％であった。また、透過率の平均値は４
４．６０％であった。また、別途測定した偏光度は９
９．７５％で、該透過率と偏光度より算出される２色比
は５８であった。Comparative Example 1 A polarizing film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that stretching was performed in water at 20 ° C. instead of dry stretching.
When the measurement was performed in the same manner, the maximum value of the in-plane contrast unevenness was 90.20%, the minimum value was 88.73%, and the difference was 1.47%. The average value of the transmittance is 4
4.60%. The degree of polarization measured separately was 9
The two-color ratio calculated from the transmittance and the degree of polarization was 58 at 9.75%.
【００３６】比較例２ 実施例１において、乾式延伸時の延伸倍率を３．９倍と
し、更にホウ酸水溶液槽中での延伸倍率を１．０（総倍
率３．９倍）とした以外は同様に行って偏光フィルムを
得て、同様に測定を行ったところ、面内のコントラスト
斑の最大値は８３．９７％で、最小値は８３．４９％
で、その差は０．４８％であった。また、透過率の平均
値は４２．０４％であった。また、別途測定した偏光度
は９９．２６％で、該透過率と偏光度より算出される２
色比は３２であった。Comparative Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the stretching ratio during dry stretching was 3.9 times and the stretching ratio in a boric acid aqueous solution tank was 1.0 (total 3.9 times). When a polarizing film was obtained in the same manner and the measurement was performed in the same manner, the maximum value of the in-plane contrast unevenness was 83.97%, and the minimum value was 83.49%.
The difference was 0.48%. The average value of the transmittance was 42.04%. The degree of polarization measured separately was 99.26%, and was calculated from the transmittance and the degree of polarization.
The color ratio was 32.
【００３７】比較例３ 実施例１において、乾式延伸時の延伸倍率を５倍とし、
更にホウ酸水溶液槽中での延伸倍率を１．０（総倍率５
倍）とした以外は同様に行って偏光フィルムを得て、同
様に測定を行ったところ、面内のコントラスト斑の最大
値は９０．９８％で、最小値は９０．７８％で、その差
は０．５０％であった。また、透過率の平均値は５６．
７０％であった。また、別途測定した偏光度は５９．６
３％で、該透過率と偏光度より算出される２色比は１５
であった。Comparative Example 3 In Example 1, the stretching ratio in dry stretching was set to 5 times.
Further, the stretching ratio in a boric acid aqueous solution tank is set to 1.0 (total magnification of 5).
The same procedure as above was performed to obtain a polarizing film, and the measurement was performed in the same manner. The maximum value of the in-plane contrast unevenness was 90.98%, and the minimum value was 90.78%. Was 0.50%. The average value of the transmittance is 56.
70%. The degree of polarization measured separately was 59.6.
At 3%, the dichroic ratio calculated from the transmittance and the degree of polarization is 15
Met.
【００３８】比較例４ 実施例１において、乾式延伸時の延伸倍率を５倍とし、
更にホウ酸水溶液槽中での延伸倍率を２．０（総倍率１
０倍）とした以外は同様に行ったところ、ホウ酸水溶液
槽中での延伸時にフィルム切れを起こしたため中断し
た。Comparative Example 4 In Example 1, the stretching ratio in dry stretching was set to 5 times.
Further, the stretching ratio in the boric acid aqueous solution tank is set to 2.0 (total magnification of 1).
The same procedure was carried out except that the film was stretched in a boric acid aqueous solution tank.
【００３９】[0039]
【発明の効果】本発明の偏光フィルムは、透過率の面内
バラツキを特定の範囲にしているため、偏光度に優れ、
２色比及び面内のコントラスト斑にも優れており、更に
は、各種機能層を積層してもその機能を充分に発揮する
ことができ、電子卓上計算機、電子時計、ワープロ、自
動車や機械類の計器類等の液晶表示装置、サングラス、
防目メガネ、立体メガネ、表示素子（ＣＲＴ、ＬＣＤ
等）用反射低減層等に用いられ、特に自動車や機械類の
計器類等の液晶表示装置に有用である。The polarizing film of the present invention has an excellent in-polarization degree because the in-plane variation of the transmittance is in a specific range.
It is excellent in two-color ratio and in-plane contrast unevenness. Furthermore, even if various functional layers are laminated, the function can be sufficiently exhibited, and it can be used in electronic desk calculators, electronic watches, word processors, automobiles and machinery. LCD devices such as instruments, sunglasses,
Eye-resistant glasses, stereo glasses, display elements (CRT, LCD
And the like, and is particularly useful for liquid crystal display devices such as instruments for automobiles and machinery.
Claims (4)
で４倍以下に一軸延伸した後、染色を行い、更にホウ素
化合物中で１．５倍以上に延伸することを特徴とする偏
光フィルムの製造法。1. A method for producing a polarizing film, comprising: uniaxially stretching a polyvinyl alcohol-based film to 4 times or less in a dry system, dyeing the film, and stretching the film in a boron compound 1.5 times or more.
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の偏光フィルムの製造
法。2. The method for producing a polarizing film according to claim 1, wherein the average value of the transmittance is 43.0% or more.
あることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の偏光フィ
ルムの製造法。3. The method for producing a polarizing film according to claim 1, wherein the temperature during the dry stretching is 100 to 175 ° C.
０〜６０００であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３いず
れか記載の偏光フィルムの製造法。4. Polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 260
The method for producing a polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number is from 0 to 6000.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11532397A JP3269002B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 | 1997-04-16 | Manufacturing method of polarizing film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11532397A JP3269002B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 | 1997-04-16 | Manufacturing method of polarizing film |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10288709A true JPH10288709A (en) | 1998-10-27 |
| JP3269002B2 JP3269002B2 (en) | 2002-03-25 |
Family
ID=14659741
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11532397A Expired - Fee Related JP3269002B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 | 1997-04-16 | Manufacturing method of polarizing film |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3269002B2 (en) |
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