JPH10288155A - Oscillating type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control a stroke central position of a piston, to provide extensive capacity as a compressor and to control the capacity in an oscillating type compressor to be used for a refrigerating cycle, etc. SOLUTION: This compressor can prevent collision of a piston 5 with a cylinder head 7 and generation of noise, and pressure rise shortage and efficiency lowering even when an amplitude central position of the piston 5 changes as a part of this compressor is constituted of an elastic element 15 fixed on a movable element 11 and a movable mechanism 13 connected to the elastic element 15 and to move the elastic element 15 in the axial direction. Additionally, it is possible to freely vary capacity of the compressor and to provide extensive capacity (performance).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibrating compressor used for a refrigeration cycle or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional vibration compressors are disclosed in
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-347460. Hereinafter, the conventional vibrating compressor will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a conventional configuration. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional vibrating compressor, and FIG.
It is principal part sectional drawing of A line. 6 and 7, reference numeral 1 denotes a closed casing, and 2 denotes a main body. The main body 2 has a motor 3
It comprises a cylinder 4, a piston 5, a block 6, a cylinder head 7, and an elastic element 8, and is elastically supported in the closed casing 1 by a suspension spring (not shown).

The motor 3 includes a stator 3a formed of pure iron and a mover 3b formed of a coil, and a permanent magnet 3c is fixed to the stator 3a. The mover 3 b is connected to the piston 5 via the mover connecting member 9.
Is connected and fixed.

[0005] 11 is a piston 5, a mover 3 of a motor 3
b, a movable element composed of a mover coupling member 9 and the like; 12 is a fixed element composed of a cylinder 4, a stator 3a of the motor 3, a block 6, and the like.

The elastic element 8 is formed by stacking a plurality of elastic bodies 8a. The inner peripheral portion 8b of the elastic element 8 is fixed to the piston 5, and the outer peripheral portion 8c is fixed to the block 6. Further, the elastic body 8a has a plurality of spiral slits 8d.
Therefore, it functions as an elastic body, for example, a spring.

The piston 5 is supported by the cylinder 4 and the elastic element 8 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. Reference numeral 10 denotes a compression chamber, which is formed by the cylinder 4 and the piston 5.

Next, the mechanism of the vibrating compressor will be described. The mover 3b (coil) of the motor 3 by the AC power supply
When a current is applied to the movable member 3c, a force for reciprocating in the axial direction is generated in the mover 3b (coil) due to the action of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 3c. By the force, the piston 5 connected to the mover 3b via the mover connecting member 9
Deforms the elastic element 8 and the elastic element 8
The reciprocating motion in the axial direction is efficiently repeated while utilizing the repulsive force of.

When the inner peripheral portion 8b of the elastic body 8a is displaced upward and downward in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 7, the inner peripheral portion 8b of the elastic body 8a moves in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. To rotate. Accordingly, the piston 5 fixed to the inner peripheral portion 8b of the elastic body 8a also rotates with the displacement of the elastic body 8a, and the piston 5 reciprocates while rotating while changing its direction.

[0010] Refrigerant gas from a cooling system (not shown) is guided to a low-pressure chamber 7 a of a cylinder head 7 via a suction pipe (not shown), and reaches a compression chamber 10 in the cylinder 4.
The refrigerant gas that has reached the compression chamber 10 is compressed by the reciprocating motion of the piston 5 described above. The compressed refrigerant gas is supplied to a discharge valve (not shown) provided in the cylinder head 7.
Once discharged into the high-pressure chamber 7b in the cylinder head 7 through the discharge pipe (not shown).

[0011]

However, in the above-described conventional configuration, when the operating pressure condition of the compressor changes, the center position (stroke center) in the axial direction at which the piston 5 and the mover 3b of the motor 3 reciprocate. ) Changes.

When the stroke center position of the piston 5 changes and moves toward the compression chamber 10, the piston 5 collides with the cylinder head 7, which may damage the piston 5 and the cylinder head 7 or increase noise. Was. further,
The deformation amount (displacement amount) of the elastic element 8 becomes excessively large, and there is a possibility that the elastic element 8 may be damaged or the reliability may be reduced even if the elastic element 8 is not damaged.

When the stroke center position of the piston 5 moves toward the anti-compression chamber 10, the piston 5 does not reach the top dead center. Therefore, the pressure of the refrigerant gas sucked into the compression chamber 10 cannot be sufficiently increased due to the reciprocating motion of the piston 5, and the re-expansion volume increases, so that the performance and efficiency of the compressor may decrease.

The present invention solves the conventional problems.
Due to changes in the operating pressure conditions of the compressor, etc., the stroke center position of the piston and the mover of the motor changes, preventing the piston from colliding with the cylinder head even if the stroke center position moves to the compression chamber side. Prevents pistons and cylinder heads from being damaged and increasing noise.

Further, even if the stroke center position of the piston moves toward the non-compression chamber side, the piston always reaches the top dead center, thereby preventing insufficient pressure increase of the refrigerant gas and increase in the re-expansion volume.

In addition, regardless of whether or not there is a change in the operating pressure condition, the center position of the stroke of the piston is variably controlled, so that the effective cylinder volume of the compressor is varied and the stroke of the piston is further controlled. When used together with a mechanism that performs compression, the cylinder capacity and capacity of the compressor can be freely changed, that is, capacity control is performed, and a wide range of capacity can be obtained with one compressor.

In the above-described conventional configuration, when the cylinder 4, the piston 5, and the elastic element 8 are machined and assembled with their axes shifted from each other, local sliding occurs in the sliding portion between the piston 5 and the cylinder 4. There was a possibility that dynamics and prying occurred, the efficiency of the compressor was reduced due to an increase in sliding loss, and the reliability was reduced such as abrasion of sliding parts. Further, if the processing accuracy and the assembly accuracy of the parts are improved to avoid the above-mentioned possibility, the cost of the parts and the compressor may be increased.

An elastic body 8a to which the piston 5 is fixed
In the inner peripheral portion 8b, the axial center misalignment causes an excessive deformation in the radial direction of the elastic body 8a, causing an excessive stress to the elastic body 8a, and reliability such as fatigue and breakage of the elastic body 8a and the elastic element 8. There was a possibility of decline.

Further, when the elastic element 8 is deformed in the axial direction, the movable element 12 including the inner peripheral portion 8b of the elastic body 8a and the piston 5 rotates while changing the direction. Therefore, when the rotation direction changes, the inertial force due to the rotation of the movable element 12 causes excessive deformation accompanying the rotation to occur in the elastic body 8a.
An excessive stress is generated in the elastic body 8a, and there is a possibility that the reliability of the elastic body 8a such as fatigue or breakage may be reduced.

Further, in the sliding portion between the piston 5 and the cylinder 4, the rotation loss of the piston 5 generated when the elastic element 8 is deformed causes an increase in a sliding loss for rotation, thereby reducing the efficiency of the compressor. There was a possibility that the reliability was reduced such that the sliding portion was worn.

The present invention solves the conventional problems.
Even if the cylinder, piston, and elastic element are processed and assembled with the axis shifted, the local sliding and twisting of the sliding part between the piston and cylinder is prevented, and the compressor efficiency is increased by increasing the sliding loss. Prevention of reliability and deterioration of reliability such as wear of sliding parts. Also, in the inner peripheral portion of the elastic element to which the piston is fixed, by preventing excessive deformation in the radial direction of the elastic element due to axial misalignment, and preventing excessive stress from being generated in the elastic element, the elastic element Prevent reliability deterioration such as fatigue and destruction.

Further, the above-mentioned conventional problems can be solved without significantly increasing the cost by improving the processing accuracy and assembly accuracy of parts.

Further, when the rotational direction of the movable element changes with the reciprocating motion of the piston, the elastic element and the elastic body become excessively large with the rotation even if inertia force due to the mass and rotational speed of the movable element acts. By preventing excessive stress from acting on the elastic element and elastic body.
Improve the reliability of elastic elements and elastic bodies.

Further, the efficiency of the compressor is improved by reducing the rotation of the piston and reducing the relative speed in the rotational direction between the piston and the cylinder.

In the above-described conventional configuration, the elastic stiffness (spring constant, etc.) of the elastic element 8 and the elastic body 8a is such that the elastic body 8a is kept in a compression stroke in which the elastic body 8a is deformed toward the compression chamber 10 side. This is substantially the same during the suction stroke in which the deformation toward the anti-compression chamber 10 side occurs.

In the thrust of the motor 3 for reciprocating the piston 5 while deforming the elastic body 8a, the thrust is particularly required in the latter half of the compression stroke.
The thrust is most unnecessary in the first half of the suction stroke.

For this reason, when the piston 5 is at the top dead center position, it is not necessary to store much elastic force due to deformation in the elastic body 8a. Conversely, when the piston 5 is at the bottom dead center position, the elastic force due to deformation is stored in the elastic body 8a. Need to store a lot.

However, the elastic rigidity of the elastic body 8a is
In the conventional configuration described above, which is substantially the same during both the compression stroke and the suction stroke, the elastic force due to deformation becomes excessive when the piston 5 is at the top dead center position, or conversely, when the piston 5 is at the bottom dead center position. The elastic force due to the deformation becomes insufficient, and the efficiency of the compressor may be reduced.

The present invention solves the conventional problems.
By making the elastic stiffness of the elastic element and elastic body larger when displaced in the opposite direction of the cylinder than when displaced in the cylinder direction, it is optimized for the elastic element and elastic body with the reciprocating motion of the piston. The efficiency of the compressor is improved by accumulating elastic force and optimizing and reducing the motor thrust without excess or shortage.

In the above-described conventional configuration, when a part of the elastic element 8 receives resistance from, for example, lubricating oil during the reciprocating movement of the piston 5, the elastic element 8 is inclined and deformed. In this case, the elastic body 8 to which the piston 5 is fixed
Excessive deformation and excessive stress due to the inclination are generated in the inner peripheral portion 8b of a, and there is a possibility that reliability such as fatigue and breakage of the elastic body 8a and the elastic element 8 may be reduced.

Further, since one elastic element 8 is provided, the axial length of the elastic element 8 for obtaining a predetermined elastic rigidity is increased, and there is a possibility that the size of the compressor is increased. .

The present invention solves the conventional problems,
Even if a part of the elastic element receives some resistance during the reciprocation of the piston, it prevents the elastic element from tilting and deforming, thereby preventing excessive deformation and excessive stress due to the tilt. In addition, deterioration of reliability such as fatigue and destruction of the elastic body and the elastic element is prevented.

Further, the size of the compressor is reduced by shortening the axial length of the elastic element for obtaining a predetermined elastic rigidity.

[0034]

In order to achieve this object, a vibration type compressor according to the present invention comprises a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor comprising a stator and a mover. , A fixed element composed of a cylinder or motor stator, a movable element composed of a motor mover, etc., an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element, and an elastic element connected to the elastic element A movable mechanism for moving the element in the axial direction.

This prevents the piston from colliding with the cylinder head even if the stroke center position of the piston and the mover of the motor moves toward the compression chamber due to a change in the operating pressure condition of the compressor. To prevent damage to the cylinder and cylinder head and increase in noise.

Also, even if the stroke center position of the piston moves toward the non-compression chamber side, the piston always reaches the top dead center, thereby preventing insufficient pressurization of the refrigerant gas and increase in the re-expansion volume.

In addition, regardless of whether or not there is a change in the operating pressure condition or the like, the center position of the piston stroke is variably controlled to vary the substantially effective cylinder volume of the compressor and further control the piston stroke. By using this mechanism together, the cylinder capacity and capacity of the compressor can be freely changed, that is, capacity control is performed, and a wide range of capacity can be obtained with one compressor.

Further, a motor composed of an airtight casing, a cylinder housed in the airtight casing, a stator and a movable element, a stationary element composed of a cylinder and a stator of the motor, and a movable element of the motor The movable element includes a movable element and a resilient element that is partially connected to the movable element in the axial direction with a radial gap and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element.

Thus, even if the cylinder, piston, and elastic element are processed and assembled with their axes shifted from each other, local sliding and twisting at the sliding portion between the piston and the cylinder can be prevented, and the sliding loss can be reduced. Compressor efficiency decreases due to increase,
Prevents deterioration of reliability such as wear of sliding parts. In addition, in the inner peripheral portion of the elastic element to which the piston is fixed, by preventing excessive deformation in the radial direction of the elastic element due to axial misalignment, by preventing excessive stress from being generated in the elastic element, Prevent reliability deterioration such as fatigue and destruction.

Further, the above-mentioned conventional problems can be solved without significantly increasing the cost by improving the processing accuracy and assembly accuracy of parts.

Further, when the rotational direction of the movable element changes with the reciprocating motion of the piston, the elastic element and the elastic body become excessive with the rotation even if an inertial force due to the mass and the rotational speed of the movable element acts. By preventing excessive stress from acting on the elastic element and elastic body.
Improve the reliability of elastic elements and elastic bodies.

Further, the efficiency of the compressor is improved by reducing the rotation of the piston and reducing the relative speed in the rotational direction between the piston and the cylinder.

Also, a motor composed of a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a stator and a movable element, a fixed element composed of a cylinder and a stator of the motor, and a movable element of the motor The movable element is composed of a movable element, and an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element.The elastic rigidity of the elastic element is opposite to the cylinder. The displacement is larger than the displacement in the cylinder direction.

As a result, an optimum elastic force is stored in the elastic element and the elastic body in accordance with the reciprocating motion of the piston, and the efficiency of the compressor is improved by optimizing and reducing the motor thrust without excess or deficiency.

Also, a motor composed of a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a stator and a mover, a fixed element composed of a cylinder, a stator of the motor, and the like, A movable element constituted by a child, etc., and an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element, the elastic element being perpendicular to the axial direction of the movable element. The centers of the elastic elements are respectively disposed on vertices of a regular polygon whose center of gravity coincides with the axial center of the piston.

Thus, even if a part of the elastic element receives some resistance during the reciprocating movement of the piston, the elastic element is prevented from being inclined and deformed, so that excessive deformation and excessive stress due to the inclined deformation are prevented. To prevent the occurrence of
Prevents deterioration of reliability such as fatigue and destruction of elastic bodies and elastic elements.

The size of the compressor is reduced by shortening the axial length of the elastic element for obtaining a predetermined elastic rigidity.

[0048]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is directed to a motor including a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a stator and a mover, and a cylinder and a motor. A fixed element composed of a stator, a movable element composed of a motor mover, an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element, and an elastic element connected to the elastic element in the axial direction. And a movable mechanism for moving the piston, the stroke center position of the mover of the piston and the motor changes due to a change in the operating pressure condition of the compressor, and the stroke center position moves to the compression chamber side. This has the effect of preventing the piston from colliding with the cylinder head and preventing the piston and the cylinder head from being damaged and increasing noise.

Even when the stroke center position of the piston moves toward the non-compression chamber side, the piston always reaches the top dead center, thereby preventing insufficient pressurization of the refrigerant gas and increase in the re-expansion volume. Have.

Also, irrespective of whether there is a change in the operating pressure condition or the like, by variably controlling the center position of the stroke of the piston, a substantially effective cylinder volume of the compressor is changed, and the stroke of the piston is further controlled. When used in combination with a mechanism that performs the function, the cylinder capacity and capacity of the compressor can be freely changed, that is, capacity control is performed, and a wide range of capacity can be obtained with one compressor.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor including a stator and a mover, and a stationary section including a cylinder and a stator of the motor. An element, a movable element constituted by a mover of a motor, and an elastic element partially connected to the movable element in the axial direction with a radial gap and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element. Even if the cylinders, pistons, and elastic elements are processed and assembled with misaligned axes, local sliding and twisting at the sliding parts between the piston and cylinder are prevented, and sliding It has an effect of preventing a decrease in compressor efficiency due to an increase in loss and a decrease in reliability such as wear of a sliding portion.

Further, in the inner peripheral portion of the elastic element to which the piston is fixed, excessive deformation in the radial direction of the elastic element due to axial misalignment is prevented, and excessive stress is prevented from being generated in the elastic element. It has the effect of preventing a decrease in reliability such as fatigue and destruction of the elastic element.

Further, when the rotation direction of the movable element changes with the reciprocating motion of the piston, the elastic element and the elastic body become excessive with the rotation even if inertia force due to the mass and the rotation speed of the movable element acts. By preventing excessive stress from acting on the elastic element and elastic body.
This has the effect of improving the reliability of the elastic element and the elastic body.

Also, the rotation of the piston is reduced, and the relative speed in the rotation direction between the piston and the cylinder is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the compressor.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor comprising a stator and a mover, and a stationary body comprising a cylinder and a stator of the motor. Element, a movable element constituted by a mover of a motor and the like, and an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element. When the piston is displaced in the opposite direction, it is larger than when the cylinder is displaced in the cylinder direction. With the reciprocation of the piston, the elastic element and the elastic body store the optimal elastic force, and the motor thrust. Has the effect of improving the efficiency of the compressor by optimizing and reducing the excess and deficiency.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor comprising a hermetically sealed casing, a cylinder housed in the hermetically sealed casing, a stator and a mover, and a stationary part comprising a cylinder and a stator of the motor. Element, a movable element constituted by a mover of a motor, and an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element. A plurality of elastic elements are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction.Each center of the elastic element is arranged on a vertex of a regular polygon whose center of gravity coincides with the axial center of the piston, and during the reciprocating movement of the piston, Even if a part of the elastic element or the movable element receives some resistance, by preventing the elastic element from being inclined and deformed, it is possible to prevent excessive deformation and excessive stress due to the inclination from being generated, Sex body, has the effect of preventing reliability deterioration such as fatigue and breakage of the elastic element.

Further, by shortening the axial length of the elastic element for obtaining a predetermined elastic rigidity, there is an effect that the compressor can be downsized.

[0058]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. The same components as those of the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 denotes an elastic element, and an outer peripheral portion 15a is fitted to the block 6 in the radial direction so as to be movable in the axial direction. Further, the inner peripheral portion 15b is fixed to the piston 5.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a movable mechanism.
4 is connected to the outer peripheral portion 15 a of the elastic element 15. Further, the movable mechanism 13 is a mechanism capable of moving the outer peripheral portion 15a of the elastic element 15 in the axial direction of the piston 5 via the movable element connecting member 14, for example, an actuator or a solenoid.

The operation of the vibrating compressor configured as described above will be described below. First, the gas pressure load acting on the end face 5a of the piston 5 decreases when the operating pressure condition of the compressor changes and the evaporation temperature and the condensation temperature decrease, and the stroke center position of the piston 5 becomes
The case of moving to the 0 side will be described.

When the stroke center position of the piston 5 moves toward the compression chamber 10, the piston 5 is likely to collide with the cylinder head 7. At this time, the movable mechanism 13 moves the movable mechanism connecting member 14 toward the anti-compression chamber 10 side, so that the outer peripheral portion 15 of the elastic element 15 is moved through the movable mechanism connecting member 14.
a also moves to the anti-compression chamber 10 side. Therefore, the position of the elastic element 15 in the axial direction moves toward the anti-compression chamber 10 side.

Then, as the elastic element 15 moves toward the anti-compression chamber 10, the center position of the stroke of the piston 5 also moves toward the anti-compression chamber 10, and the piston 5 moves beyond the top dead center to reach the cylinder head. The stroke to the side 7 is eliminated. At this time, the stroke amount of the piston 5 hardly changes.

Therefore, even if the operating pressure condition of the compressor changes and the stroke center position of the piston 5 moves toward the compression chamber 10, the movable element 13 moves the elastic element 15 toward the anti-compression chamber 10. Thus, the stroke amount of the piston 5 does not change, but the stroke center position of the piston 5 moves toward the anti-compression chamber 10 side, preventing the piston 5 from colliding with the cylinder head 7 and damaging the piston 5 and the cylinder head 7 Can be prevented, and generation of noise due to collision can be prevented.

Next, the operating pressure conditions and the like of the compressor change.
A case where the gas pressure load acting on the end face 5a of the piston 5 increases when the evaporation temperature or the condensation temperature increases, and the stroke center position of the piston 5 moves toward the non-compression chamber 10 will be described.

When the stroke center position of the piston 5 moves toward the compression chamber 10, the piston 5 does not reach the top dead center. At this time, the movable mechanism 13 is
4 is moved toward the compression chamber 10, and the outer peripheral portion 15 e of the elastic element 15 is also moved toward the anti-compression chamber 10 via the movable mechanism connecting member 14. Therefore, the position of the elastic element 15 in the axial direction is
It will move to the 0 side.

As the elastic element 15 moves toward the compression chamber 10, the stroke center position of the piston 5 also moves toward the compression chamber 10, and the piston 5 reaches the top dead center. Also at this time, the stroke amount of the piston 5 hardly changes.

Therefore, the operating pressure condition of the compressor changes,
Even if the stroke center position of the piston 5 moves to the side opposite to the compression chamber 10, the movable element 13 causes the elastic element 15 to move the compression chamber 1.
By moving to the 0 side, the stroke amount of the piston 5 does not change, but the center of the stroke of the piston 5 moves to the compression chamber 10 side, and the piston 5 can reach the top dead center, and the pressure of the refrigerant gas increases. Insufficiency and increase of the re-expansion volume can be prevented.

Next, the capacity control will be described. As described above, the position of the elastic element 15 in the axial direction is controlled by the movable mechanism 13, and the center position of the stroke of the piston 5 can be freely changed. Therefore, regardless of whether there is a change in the operating pressure condition or the like, the movable mechanism 13 moves the center position of the stroke of the piston 5 toward the anti-compression chamber 10 so that the piston 5 does not reach the top dead center. The re-expansion volume in the compression chamber 10 is increased,
The substantially effective volume of zero can be reduced. For example, in a refrigeration cycle, efficient operation can be performed by performing the above control when the capacity of the compressor is not so necessary.

Further, regardless of whether or not there is a change in the operating pressure condition or the like, the movable mechanism 13 moves the center position of the stroke of the piston 5 toward the compression chamber 10 within a range not exceeding the top dead center. The re-expansion volume of the interior of the compression chamber 10 can be reduced and the substantially effective volume of the compression chamber 10 can be increased. For example, in a refrigeration cycle, the above-described control is performed when the capacity of the compressor is required, so that the capacity of the refrigeration cycle can be increased.

Therefore, it is possible to control the compressor so as to obtain the necessary capacity for the refrigeration cycle, and to perform the capacity control,
Capability control can be performed.

Further, by controlling the stroke of the piston 5 such that the drive voltage of the motor 3 is varied, the capacity control range of the compressor can be further widened.

As described above, the vibratory compressor of the present embodiment includes the closed casing 1, the cylinder 4 housed in the closed casing 1, the motor 3 including the stator 3a and the movable element 3b. , A fixed element 12 constituted by a cylinder 4 and a stator 3a of the motor 3, etc.
Element 11 constituted by a movable element 3b and the like, and an elastic element 15 partially fixed or connected to the movable element 11
And the movable mechanism 13 connected to the elastic element 15 to move the elastic element 15 in the axial direction. Therefore, the operating pressure condition of the compressor changes, and the piston 5 and the movable element 3b
Prevents the piston 5 from colliding with the cylinder head 7, the suction valve and the discharge valve even if the stroke center position of the piston 5 moves toward the compression chamber 10, and the piston 5, the cylinder head 7, the suction valve and the discharge valve are damaged. And noise can be prevented from increasing.

Further, even if the stroke center position of the piston 5 and the mover 3b moves toward the anti-compression chamber 10, the piston 5 always reaches the top dead center, thereby causing insufficient pressure increase of the refrigerant gas and reduction of the re-expansion volume. An increase can be prevented.

In addition, regardless of whether or not there is a change in the operating pressure condition or the like, by controlling the center of the stroke of the piston 5, the effective cylinder volume of the compressor can be varied, and the stroke of the piston 5 is further controlled. When used together with a mechanism that performs the compression, the cylinder capacity and capacity of the compressor can be freely changed, that is, capacity control is performed, and a wide range of capacity can be obtained with one compressor.

In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is connected to the movable mechanism 13 via the movable mechanism connecting member 14. However, the movable mechanism can move the center of the stroke of the piston 5 in the axial direction. For example, other movable mechanisms and other configurations can be similarly implemented.

In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is configured to be fitted in the radial direction of the block 6 and movable in the axial direction. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to the fixed element 12 other than the block 6. .

Further, in this embodiment, the motor 3 is
Although it is composed of a and the mover 3b, it can be similarly implemented as long as it has a motor configuration that performs a reciprocating motion.

In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is directly fixed to the piston 5. However, the elastic element 15 may be fixed by using another member or may be connected in the axial direction without fixing. It is feasible.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of a vibrating compressor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 16 denotes an elastic element, an outer peripheral portion 16a of which is fixed to the block 6;
b is axially connected to the piston 5 with a gap in the radial direction.

The operation of the above-described vibrating compressor will be described below. During operation of the compressor, the inner peripheral portion 16b of the elastic element 16 always rotates while reversing its direction with the displacement in the axial direction. At this time, the piston 5 and the block 6 also try to rotate via the elastic element 16, but the inner peripheral portion 16b of the elastic element 16 and the piston 5 are connected in the axial direction, but have a gap in the radial direction. And are relatively rotatable. Therefore, the rotational force accompanying the rotation of the elastic element 16 is not transmitted to the piston 5 and the block 6 so much that the rotation of the piston 5 is reduced.

Therefore, even if the inner peripheral portion 16b rotates while the elastic element 16 is displaced in the axial direction, the rotation of the piston 5 and the movable element 11 such as the mover 3b of the motor 3 and the fixed element 12 such as the block 6 rotate. The transmission of force can be reduced and the fixing element 1
2, rotational vibrations of the main body 2 and the compressor can be reduced.

Further, since the relative speed in the rotational direction between the piston 5 and the cylinder 4 can be reduced, the sliding loss between the piston 5 and the cylinder 4 due to the rotation can be reduced, and the reliability such as wear of the sliding portion is reduced. Can be prevented.

The rotation of the movable element 11 including the mover 3b of the motor 3, the piston 5 and the like due to the reciprocating motion can be reduced, and the inertial force of the rotation by the movable element 11 can be reduced. Can be prevented from being excessively deformed, and the generation of excessive stress on the elastic element 16 can be prevented. For this reason, it is possible to prevent a decrease in reliability of the elastic element 16 such as fatigue or breakage.

Further, the inner peripheral portion 16b of the elastic element 16
Since there is a gap in the radial direction with respect to the piston 5,
During operation of the compressor, the piston 5 moves with the elastic element 16 in the radial direction so that the axis of the cylinder 5 coincides with the axis of the cylinder 4. Then, the piston 5 repeats reciprocating motion in the cylinder 4 in a state where the axes coincide with each other, and sucks and compresses the refrigerant gas.

Therefore, even if the cylinder 4, the piston 5, and the elastic element 16 are machined and assembled with the axis shifted, or if some force acts so that the axis is shifted, the sliding portion between the piston 5 and the cylinder 4 may be displaced. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of local sliding and twisting, and to prevent a decrease in the efficiency of the compressor due to an increase in the sliding loss and a decrease in reliability such as wear of the sliding portion.

Further, since the elastic element 16 is prevented from being excessively deformed in the radial direction, and an excessive stress is applied to the elastic element 16, the reliability of the elastic element 16 such as fatigue and destruction is prevented. can do.

As described above, the vibration type compressor according to the present embodiment includes the closed casing 1, the cylinder 4 housed in the closed casing 1, the motor 3 composed of the stator 3a and the movable element 3b. , A fixed element 12 constituted by a cylinder 4 and a stator 3a of the motor 3, etc.
The movable element 11 constituted by the movable element 3b and the like, and an elastic element 16 partially connected to the movable element 11 in the axial direction with a radial gap and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element 12 Even if the cylinder 4, the piston 5, and the elastic element 16 are machined and assembled with the axes shifted, or if any force acts so that the axes shift, the piston 5 and the cylinder 4 slide. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of local sliding and twisting in the sliding portion, and to prevent a decrease in the efficiency of the compressor due to an increase in sliding loss and a decrease in reliability such as abrasion of the sliding portion.

The elastic element 1 to which the piston 5 is fixed
In the inner peripheral portion 16b of the elastic member 6, the elastic element 1
By preventing excessive deformation in the radial direction of the elastic element 6 and preventing excessive stress from being generated in the elastic element 16, it is possible to prevent a reduction in reliability such as fatigue and breakage of the elastic element 16.

Further, when the rotational direction of the movable element 11 changes with the reciprocating motion of the piston 5, even if inertia force due to the mass and the rotation speed of the movable element 11 acts, the elastic element 16 rotates with the rotation. By preventing excessive deformation and preventing excessive stress from acting on the elastic element 16, the reliability of the elastic element 16 can be improved.

Further, the efficiency of the compressor can be improved by reducing the rotation of the piston 5 and the relative speed in the rotational direction between the piston 5 and the cylinder 4.

Although the elastic element 16 is connected in the axial direction of the piston 5 in this embodiment, the elastic element 16 may be fixed to another movable element 11 or connected in the axial direction without being fixed. Can be similarly implemented.

In this embodiment, the elastic element 16 is fixed to the block 6. However, the elastic element 16 may be fixed to another fixing element 12 or may be connected axially without fixing. It is possible.

In this embodiment, the motor 3 is the stator 3
Although it is composed of a and the mover 3b, it can be similarly implemented as long as it has a motor configuration that performs a reciprocating motion.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 17 denotes an elastic element, which comprises an elastic body 18 and an auxiliary elastic body 19. An outer peripheral portion 18a of the elastic body 18 is fixed to the block 6,
The inner peripheral portion 18b is fixed to the piston 5.

The end 19a of the auxiliary elastic body 19 is fixed to the block 6, and the end 19b is in contact with the piston 5 when the compressor is stopped.

The operation of the vibrating compressor constructed as described above will be described below. Motor 3 for reciprocating piston 5 while deforming elastic element 17
Of the axial thrust, the thrust of the motor 3 is particularly necessary because the gas pressure in the compression chamber 10 rises and the piston 5
Is the second half of the compression stroke in which a large gas pressure load acts on
Thrust is most unnecessary in the first half of the suction stroke.

Therefore, when the piston 5 is at the top dead center position, it is not necessary to store much elastic force due to the deformation in the elastic element 17. Conversely, when the piston 5 is at the bottom dead center position, the elastic force due to the deformation is stored in the elastic element 17. Need to store a lot.

When the piston 5 is at the top dead center position, only the elastic body 18 of the elastic element 17 is deformed in the axial direction.
8, the piston 5 uses the accumulated elastic force to generate a slight thrust of the motor 3 with the start of the suction stroke in which the piston 5 starts to move from the top dead center position to the bottom dead center side. It is movable with.

In the latter half of the suction stroke, the elastic body 18 and the auxiliary elastic body 19 are both displaced in the axial direction as the piston 5 moves in the axial direction, and the maximum elastic force is exerted at the position of the piston 5 or at the bottom dead center. It is stored in the elastic body 18 and the auxiliary elastic body 19.

Therefore, the elastic force when the piston 5 is located at the bottom dead center position is at least the elastic force accumulated in the auxiliary elastic body 19, compared to the elastic force when the piston 5 is located at the top dead center position. growing.

In the first half of the compression stroke, the piston 5 is moved by a small thrust of the motor 3 using the large elastic force stored in the elastic body 18 and the auxiliary elastic body 19.
Can move to the side. In the latter half of the compression stroke, the auxiliary elastic body 19 is not displaced even if the piston 5 moves toward the compression chamber 10, so that the thrust of the motor 3 for deforming the auxiliary elastic body 19 in the axial direction becomes unnecessary. .

Therefore, in the axial thrust of the motor 3, in the compression stroke, the elastic body 18 and the auxiliary elastic body 1
The piston 5 moves toward the compression chamber 10 by a slight thrust of the motor 3 using the large elastic force stored in the piston 9. Then, in the latter half of the compression stroke, the thrust of the motor 3 for deforming the auxiliary elastic body 19 becomes unnecessary, and the thrust of the motor 3 can be reduced.

As described above, the closed casing 1, the cylinder 4 housed in the closed casing 1, the stator 3a
, A stationary element 12 composed of the cylinder 4 and the stator 3a of the motor 3, a movable element 11 composed of the movable element 3b of the motor 3, etc. Is fixed or connected to the movable element 11 and partly includes an elastic element 17 fixed or connected to the fixed element 12. The elastic rigidity of the elastic element 17 is
The displacement in the opposite direction of the cylinder 4 is larger than the displacement in the direction of the cylinder 4, and the resilient movement of the piston 5 stores the optimal elastic force in the elastic element 17 and the thrust of the motor 3. Can be improved and optimized without any excess or deficiency, thereby improving the efficiency of the compressor.

In this embodiment, the elastic element 17
Is constituted by the elastic body 18 and the auxiliary elastic body 19, but the elastic rigidity of the elastic element 17 is larger when the elastic element 17 is displaced in the opposite direction of the cylinder 4 than when it is displaced in the cylinder 4 direction. For example, other member configurations can be similarly implemented.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibrating compressor according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and FIG.
It is principal part sectional drawing of A line.

4 and 5, 20a, 20b, 2
Numeral 0c denotes an elastic element, which is disposed on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the movable element 11, and has a plurality of elastic elements 20a, 20b,
The center of 20c is disposed at the vertex of an equilateral triangle whose center of gravity coincides with the axial center of the piston 5. In addition, each elastic element 20
Parts a, 20b, and 20c are fixed to the mover connecting member 9 that is the movable element 11, and partly fixed to the block 6 that is the fixed element 12.

The operation of the vibrating compressor configured as described above will be described below. During operation of the compressor, some of the elastic elements 20a, 20b, 20c and the movable element 11 may receive some resistance. For example, when any or a part of the elastic elements 20a, 20b, and 20c is immersed in the lubricating oil and receives resistance to reciprocation and deformation from the lubricating oil.

At this time, the elastic elements 20a, 20b, 20
A force is applied to c and the movable element 11 so as to tilt with respect to the plane on which they are arranged. However, each elastic element 2
0a, 20b, 20c are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the movable element 11, and each of the elastic elements 20a, 20b,
Since the center of 20c is disposed at the vertex of an equilateral triangle whose center of gravity coincides with the axial center of the piston 5, rigidity against inclination is high.

For this reason, the elastic elements 20a, 20b, 20
c and a part of the movable element 11 are hardly inclined with respect to the reciprocating movement direction of the piston 5 even if the movable element 11 receives the axial resistance to the reciprocating movement and the deformation. Difficult to tilt with respect to 12.

Therefore, during operation of the compressor, the piston 5 tilts with respect to the cylinder 4 even if a part of the elastic elements 20a, 20b, 20c and the movable element 11 receives axial resistance to reciprocation and deformation. Can be prevented,
It is possible to prevent local sliding and twisting in the sliding portion between the piston 4 and the cylinder 5, and to prevent a decrease in compressor efficiency due to an increase in sliding loss and a decrease in reliability such as wear of the sliding portion. it can.

The elastic element 2 to which the piston 5 is connected
0a, 20b, and 20c are prevented from being deformed while being inclined in the axial direction, and by preventing excessive stress from being generated in the elastic elements 20a, 20b, and 20c.
It is possible to prevent a decrease in reliability such as fatigue and destruction of a, 20b, and 20c.

Further, a plurality of elastic elements 20a, 20b,
20c in parallel, each elastic element 20c
In order to obtain a predetermined elastic stiffness as a sum of a, 20b, and 20c, the elastic stiffness of each of the elastic elements 20a, 20b, and 20c may be small.
The axial lengths of b and 20c can be reduced, and the compressor can be reduced in size.

As described above, the closed casing 1, the cylinder 4 housed in the closed casing 1, the stator 3a
, A stationary element 12 composed of the cylinder 4 and the stator 3a of the motor 3, a movable element 11 composed of the movable element 3b of the motor 3, etc. Are fixed or connected to the movable element 11 and partially include elastic elements 20a, 20b, and 20c fixed or connected to the fixed element 12. The elastic elements 20a, 20b, and 20c are arranged in the axial direction of the movable element 11. The elastic elements 20a, 20b,
Each center of 20c is disposed on a vertex of a regular polygon whose center of gravity coincides with the axial center of the piston 5, and during operation of the compressor, one of the elastic elements 20a, 20b, 20c and the movable element 11 The piston 5 can be prevented from inclining with respect to the cylinder 4 even if the portion receives axial resistance to reciprocation or deformation, so that local sliding or prying occurs in the sliding portion between the piston 4 and the cylinder 5. , And a decrease in the efficiency of the compressor due to an increase in the sliding loss and a decrease in the reliability such as wear of the sliding portion can be prevented.

The elastic element 2 to which the piston 5 is connected
0a, 20b, and 20c are prevented from being deformed while being inclined in the axial direction, and by preventing excessive stress from being generated in the elastic elements 20a, 20b, and 20c.
It is possible to prevent a decrease in reliability such as fatigue and destruction of a, 20b, and 20c.

Further, a plurality of elastic elements 20a, 20b,
20c in parallel, each elastic element 20c
In order to obtain a predetermined elastic stiffness as a sum of a, 20b, and 20c, the elastic stiffness of each of the elastic elements 20a, 20b, and 20c may be small.
The axial lengths of b and 20c can be reduced, and the compressor can be reduced in size.

In this embodiment, the elastic element 20
Although a, 20b and 20c are coil springs, elastic elements of other types and configurations can be similarly implemented.

In this embodiment, the elastic element 20
Although the centers of a, 20b, and 20c are arranged at the vertices of an equilateral triangle whose center of gravity coincides with the axial center of the piston 5, the same can be implemented by arranging them at the vertices of a regular polygon such as a square. .

In this embodiment, the elastic element 20
Although a, 20b, and 20c are fixed to the mover connecting member 9 and the block 6, it is similarly possible to fix or connect to the other movable element 11 and the fixed element 12 in the axial direction.

[0123]

As described above, the first aspect of the present invention provides a motor including a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a stator and a mover, a cylinder and a motor. A fixed element composed of a stator, a movable element composed of a motor mover, an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element, and an elastic element connected to the elastic element in the axial direction. Since it has a movable mechanism for moving, even if the operating pressure condition of the compressor changes and the stroke center position of the piston and the mover moves to the compression chamber side, the piston moves the cylinder head, the suction valve, Collision with the discharge valve can be prevented, and damage to the piston, cylinder head, suction valve, and discharge valve, and increase in noise can be prevented.

Even if the stroke center position of the piston and the mover moves toward the anti-compression chamber side, the piston always reaches the top dead center, thereby preventing insufficient pressurization of the refrigerant gas and increase in the re-expansion volume. be able to.

A mechanism for controlling the center of the stroke of the piston, regardless of whether there is a change in the operating pressure condition or the like, changes the substantially effective cylinder volume of the compressor, and further controls the stroke of the piston. , The cylinder capacity and capacity of the compressor can be freely changed. That is, the capacity can be controlled, and a wide range of performance can be obtained with a single compressor.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 comprises a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor constituted by a stator and a mover, a cylinder and a stator of the motor. A fixed element, a movable element constituted by a motor mover, and the like, a part of which is axially connected to the movable element with a radial gap and a part of which is fixed or connected to the fixed element And cylinder, piston,
Even if the elastic element is processed or assembled with the axis shifted, or even if some force acts to shift the axis, local sliding or prying at the sliding part between the piston and cylinder is prevented, and the sliding is performed. It is possible to prevent a decrease in compressor efficiency due to an increase in dynamic loss and a decrease in reliability such as wear of a sliding portion.

Further, at the inner peripheral portion of the elastic element to which the piston is fixed, excessive deformation in the radial direction of the elastic element due to axial misalignment is prevented, and excessive stress is prevented from being generated in the elastic element. In addition, it is possible to prevent a decrease in reliability such as fatigue and breakage of the elastic element.

Further, when the rotational direction of the movable element changes with the reciprocating motion of the piston, the elastic element is excessively deformed with the rotation even if inertia force due to the mass and the rotation speed of the movable element acts. This prevents the stress from acting on the elastic element, thereby improving the reliability of the elastic element.

Further, the efficiency of the compressor can be improved by reducing the rotation of the piston and the relative speed in the rotational direction between the piston and the cylinder.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a cylinder housed in a closed casing, a motor constituted by a stator and a mover, and a fixed element constituted by a cylinder and a stator of the motor. , A movable element constituted by a mover of a motor, and an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element. The displacement in the opposite direction is larger than the displacement in the cylinder direction.According to the reciprocation of the piston, the optimal elastic force is stored in the elastic element, and the motor thrust is optimized without excess or deficiency. , The efficiency of the compressor can be improved.

The invention according to claim 4 comprises a closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor including a stator and a mover, and a cylinder and a stator of the motor. Fixed element, a movable element constituted by a mover of a motor, and an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element. The centers of the elastic elements are arranged on vertices of a regular polygon whose center of gravity coincides with the axis center of the piston, and are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the element. Even if a part of the elastic element or movable element receives axial resistance to reciprocating motion or deformation, the piston can be prevented from tilting with respect to the cylinder, Kicking preventing local sliding and prying occurs, increasing the efficiency reduction of the compressor and by the sliding loss, the reliability deterioration such as wear of the sliding portion can be prevented.

Further, the elastic element to which the piston is connected is prevented from being deformed by being inclined in the axial direction, and the occurrence of excessive stress on the elastic element is prevented. The drop can be prevented.

Further, by providing a plurality of elastic elements in parallel, a predetermined elastic rigidity can be obtained as a total of the elastic elements, and the elastic rigidity of each elastic element can be small. Can be shortened, and the size of the compressor can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibration compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the vibration compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibration compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibration compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part taken along line BB of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional vibrating compressor.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part taken along line AA of FIG. 6;

[Description of Signs] 1 Closed casing 3 Motor 3a Stator 3b Mover 4 Cylinder 11 Movable element 12 Fixed element 13 Movable mechanism 15, 16, 17, 20a, 20b, 20c Elastic element

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor constituted by a stator and a mover, and a stationary element constituted by the cylinder and a stator of the motor, etc. It comprises a movable element constituted by a mover of the motor, an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element, and a movable mechanism connected to the elastic element and moving the elastic element in the axial direction. Vibrating compressor. 2. A closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor constituted by a stator and a mover, and a fixed element constituted by the cylinder, a stator of the motor, and the like. A movable element constituted by a mover of the motor or the like, and an elastic element partially connected to the movable element in the axial direction with a radial gap and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element. A vibrating compressor. 3. A closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor constituted by a stator and a mover, and a fixed element constituted by the cylinder, a stator of the motor, and the like. A movable element constituted by a mover of the motor and an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element, the elastic rigidity of the elastic element; Is a vibratory compressor which is larger when displaced in the opposite direction of the cylinder than when displaced in the cylinder direction. 4. A closed casing, a cylinder housed in the closed casing, a motor constituted by a stator and a mover, and a fixed element constituted by the cylinder, a stator of the motor, and the like. A movable element constituted by a mover of the motor and an elastic element partially fixed or connected to the movable element and partially fixed or connected to the fixed element; A plurality of vibrating compressors are disposed on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the element, and each center of the elastic element is disposed on a vertex of a regular polygon whose center of gravity coincides with the axial center of the piston. .