JPH1028416A - Direct seeding of paddy rice and direct seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for direct seeding of paddy rice intended to prevent seed rice from floating and flowing when plunged into water, from being subjected to bird injury, and from falling after grown in a star-burst fashion, and also keep an oxygen generator (calper) from having to be used. SOLUTION: This method for direct seeding of paddy rice has such scheme that, in a frame 1 with many pot-shaped small chambers each provided with an extrusion hole at the bottom arranged at specified intervals, soil and seed rice sufficient for one stock are put into each of the chambers followed by pouring a solidifying liquid onto the contents to form a solidified form composed of the soil and seed rice in each of the chambers; the resultant frame 1 is then set up on the frame stand 19 of a seeder free to travel on the field; thereafter, the pot-shaped solidified forms (i) are extruded from the chambers corresponding to one row in the frame with an extrusion rod 25 equipped can a seeding section 17, and put on a conveyor belt 27 through a receiver 26, and then allowed to fall successively onto a guide plate 28 can the terminal end of the conveyance; the solidified-forms (i) thus fallen are pushed down with rotating pawls 20 and allowed to fall onto the bottom of furrows made by a furrower 21 set up on a float 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a direct sowing method and a direct sowing machine for paddy rice, and more particularly, to a direct sowing method and a direct sowing machine suitable for a paddy field (wet paddy) where a high moisture condition occurs at the time of sowing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a direct sowing method of this kind of paddy rice, a method of spraying from aerial helicopter or ridge from a cultivated or raked field scene with a power granulator or the like (flooding and spraying method), cultivation, slashing Various methods have been proposed, such as a method of seeding rice seeds coated with an oxygen generating agent (calper) while traveling in a cultivated field (direct sowing in flooded soil).

[0003]

However, there are various bottlenecks in these conventional methods, and long-term test research has been repeated, but they have not been practically used yet. For example, in the aerial spraying method of sowing from the air with a helicopter, etc., after the seed rice is sowed on the surface of the field, it is not covered with soil, so it floats when it enters the water, it is floated by duck, sparrows, etc. It grows in a foot state and falls down in a typhoon. In addition, in order to solve such problems, an oxygen generator (Calper) was added to the seed rice.
Cultivation, cultivation, direct sowing in the soil, in which the seeds that had been dressed were buried in the soil instead of the surface of the raked field were proposed, but the position of the seeds in the soil (seeding depth) is not strictly controlled. At present, it is difficult to control the seeding depth in practice, so that germination is not stable and has not spread.

[0004] Further, in any of the above-mentioned air-spraying method and the direct sowing method in the soil, an oxygen generating agent (calper) is added to the seed rice.
Must be dressed, so the oxygen generator (Culper) must be dressed, but the oxygen generator is expensive, and the rotating Tarai-type dressing machine used for dressing is handled by farmers. However, it has a very difficult disadvantage. The present invention is aimed at eliminating the above bottlenecks and disadvantages,
Even in high-moisture fields (wet fields), stable germination and establishment of seedlings can be obtained, bird damage can be avoided, there is no need to use an oxygen generator (calper), and furthermore, paddy rice that can improve lodging resistance The direct sowing method and its machine are to be provided.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for direct sowing of rice, wherein a plurality of pot-shaped small chambers each having an extrusion hole on a bottom surface are arranged at a predetermined interval with each of the small chambers of a frame. After putting seed rice for one stock, wrapping the seed rice in the soil at this time, irrigating the solidified liquid to form solidified soil and seed rice in the small room, and then moving this frame freely in the field A pot-like solidified body is extruded from each small chamber of the frame by an extruding rod mounted on the seeding machine, and the solidified body is sequentially sown at appropriate intervals in a field scene.
In the above method, the pot-like solidified body extruded line by line from each of the small chambers of the frame is placed on a conveyor belt, and the solidified body that sequentially falls at the end position of the conveyor belt is naturally dropped or pressed down with a rotating claw to reduce the field. Preferable embodiments include sowing on a surface and forming a groove in a field scene with a sowing machine and sowing the pot-like solidified body in the groove.

Further, in the direct sowing machine according to the present invention, a solidified body of the soil and the seed rice is extruded from the small chamber of the frame in which a large number of pot-shaped small chambers provided with extrusion holes on the bottom face are arranged at regular intervals.
A free-running direct sowing machine having a sowing unit for sequentially sowing the solidified body in a field scene, comprising a groove generator for forming a groove of a predetermined depth in the field scene in front of the seeding position. And As an embodiment of the direct sowing machine, there is a method in which the above-mentioned groove generator is installed on a float so that the vertical position can be adjusted.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to FIGS. First, FIGS. 1 to 3 are views showing the structure of the frame 1, and the present applicant has already published
34247 and the like. 1 to 3, reference numeral 2 denotes a pot-shaped small chamber arranged in a grid pattern at regular intervals, and reference numeral 3 denotes an extrusion hole formed in the bottom surface. Komuro 2
Is a cylindrical shape having a loose taper, and the extrusion hole 3 is provided as a Y-shaped cut which can be freely opened and closed. The frame 1 is a molded article of plastics or the like, which is highly flexible and integrally formed so as to be entirely curved, and is used as a nursery box for transplanting paddy rice and vegetables.

FIG. 4 is a process diagram of a seeding operation of the frame 1 into the small chamber 2, and FIG. 5 shows a seeding device for continuously performing the seeding operation. The small chamber 2 of the frame 1 is filled with floor soil a, slab cut b, earth retainer c, sowing d of seed rice s for one plant (3 to 4 grains), cover soil e, slab cut f shown in FIG.
The work is performed in the order of the earth presser g. The seed paddy s is surrounded by the floor soil and the covering soil in a sandwich shape, and the soil holding g is performed from above the covering soil e to lower the surface from the upper end surface of the small chamber 2. The same soil should be used for the floor soil and the covering soil.

The seeding apparatus 5 shown in FIG. 5 has a guide roller 6 on which the frame body 1 is placed and continuously moved, and a guide roller 6 on the guide roller 6 in order.
Hopper 7a for storing floor soil and conveyor 7 for feeding out
b, a mulling machine 7, a slab 8, a soil presser roll 9,
Seeding machine 10, soil covering machine 11 consisting of hopper 11a containing soil covering and conveyor 11b for feeding out, cutting board 1
2. The earth presser roll 13 is installed, and the operations of a to g of FIG. 4 are sequentially performed (a to g of FIG.
A to g). The sowing machine 10 is a hopper 10
a, a seeding roll 10b provided on the outer periphery corresponding to the small chamber 2 of the frame 1 for receiving a seed paddy paddy, and integrally rotating with the seeding roll 10b to engage with positioning holes on both sides of the frame 1; Seeding roll sprocket 10c, seeding roll cover 1 for preventing seeds from falling off in the recesses of seeding roll 10b
0d, each chamber 2 without leaving seeds in the recesses of the sowing roll 10b
10e, sowing roll 10b
Rotating brush 10f for sweeping out excess seeds from the recesses, seeding amount adjusting knob 10g for adjusting the amount of seeds removed, paddy receiving box 10 for storing seeds having swept branches, awns and the like
h, a fixed brush 10i for allowing the seeding roll 10b to pump a certain amount of seed rice, an adjusting screw 10j thereof, and the like (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-16405, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-57).
No. 16406).

[0010] Next, a series of operations from floor soil filling a to earth holding g is performed on the small chamber 2 of the frame body 1 in this manner.
The solidification solution is irrigated from above to solidify. As the solidification liquid, an alginate aqueous solution disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-335826 filed by the present applicant or a liquid obtained by adding a penetrant thereto can be suitably used. The floor soil and the cover soil are composed of peat moss, granular soil, etc. so that this alginate aqueous solution can easily penetrate downward gradually,
It preferably contains calcium (eg, Ca (OH) ₂ ) as a component that reacts with alginate to coagulate it.

In this way, the alginate aqueous solution is irrigated and penetrated, and the soil (floor soil,
The solidified soil covering) is mounted on the direct seeding machine together with the frame, and while traveling in the field, the pushing rod provided on the direct seeding machine is protruded from behind the extrusion hole 3 on the bottom surface of the frame 1 to form a pot. The solidified body i is extruded, and the solidified body i is sequentially sown on the field scene. In the direct sowing machine of the present invention, a solidified body i formed by a method in which a coagulant is mixed in advance into a floor soil and a cover soil (see JP-A-61-135510) can also be used.

As a direct sowing machine for sowing the solidified body i, a rice transplanter manufactured and sold by the present applicant and known as a pot seedling transplanter can be used almost as it is. This pot seedling transplanter is disclosed in JP-B-55-38082 and JP-B-56-34247.
JP, JP-B-57-18873, JP-B-57-187-
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 22288, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-51722, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-75725, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-36332, etc., each of the frame bodies 1 shown in FIGS. Pot seedlings grown independently for each strain in the pot chamber 2 are set in this rice transplanter as a frame, and one row of pot seedlings are mechanically pushed out of the frame by an extruding rod.
This is placed on a conveyor belt, carried to the planting section, and the pot seedlings falling from the end of the conveyor belt are pushed down by the rotating planting claws and are sequentially planted in the field.

The direct sowing machine 15 according to the present invention is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 2 (showing a four-row sowing direct sowing machine), a seeding unit 17 is supported at the center of a freely movable body 16 so as to be able to move up and down similarly to the pot seedling planting machine.
8 are installed. The seeding unit 17 mechanically extrudes a row of pot-like solidified bodies i from the small chambers 2 of the frame 1 set on the frame mounting table 19, which will be described later in detail, and places the solidified bodies i on a conveyor belt. The solidified body i falling from the end of the conveyor belt is pushed down by the rotating claw 20 and is successively sown in the field, and a series of operations are performed in the same manner as in the conventional pot seedling rice planting. Done in

The direct sowing machine 15 is different from the pot seedling planting machine in that a groove generator 21 is provided in front of the seeding position. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 (especially, FIG. 10), the groove generator 21 is inserted into a through hole formed in the front part (two right and left places) of the seeding position of the float 18, and is bolted by a bolt 22 and a nut 23. Although fixed to the float 18, the vertical position with respect to the float 18 can be adjusted in three steps by changing the insertion hole 21 a provided in the groove generator 21. (When pot seedlings are to be planted using this direct sowing machine in the same manner as in the past, it is only necessary to use the insertion hole at the bottom so as not to make grooves in the field scene.)

A direct sowing machine 1 provided with such a groove generator 21
The case where the seeding operation is performed by using No. 5 will be described.
First, the farmland is cultivated in advance, crushed, leveled, and then watered. If necessary, scrape and leave for 2-3 days to allow the topsoil to calm down. At the time of sowing, it shall be in shallow water. For the small chamber 2 of the frame 1, fill the floor with soil a to earth g
Is performed, and the alginate aqueous solution is irrigated and solidified.
The solidified body i extruded by the pushing rod from the small chamber 2 of the frame 1 is successively sown at a constant interval into the bottom of the groove formed by the groove generator 21 while traveling in the field scene. .

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, at a predetermined position of the frame body 1 descending along the frame mounting table 19, when the pushing rod 25 is pushed out from the rear through the pushing hole 3, the solidified body from one row of the small chambers 2 is removed. i is extruded, and the extruded solidified body i for one row is received by the solidified body receiving device 26 and transported onto the conveyor belt 27, where it is dropped onto the conveyor belt 27. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the sheet is fed in a lateral direction by a conveyor belt 27 and sequentially falls into a guide plate 28 composed of two plates facing each other from its end. The solidified body i is temporarily held between the two plates. However, the solidified body i is taken downward by the rotating claw 20 that is rotated downward from above, and rises from the lower rear end of the guide plate 28 to the bottom of the groove G. Embedded with

FIGS. 9 and 12 show an example in which the distance between the guide plates 28 is increased and the solidified body i is allowed to fall naturally without using the rotating claw 20. 20 and the solidified body i
Can be arranged in a horizontal posture to the bottom of the groove G formed without being deformed by the rotating claw 20.

When the seeding is completed, the seedlings are kept in shallow water until emergence. Then, the seed rice s wrapped in the solidified body i as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG.
Bud j is extended upward and root k is extended downward. It is to be noted that water is added after seeding because not only drying prevention (water replenishment) but also a heat retaining effect in cold regions can be expected. As shown in FIG. 13 and FIG.
In about a week, the buds j are projected on the water surface h, and the roots k grow deeply in the ground. After that, management work such as herbicide spraying is performed, and the harvest season is reached after 4 to 5 months,
During this time, the shoulder of the groove collapses due to the movement of water in the field, and becomes almost buried as shown in FIG. In such a state, the rice plant is covered with soil, and it is difficult for the typhoon to fall down even if it hits.

[0019]

According to the present invention, since seed rice is covered with soil in the solidified body and is not exposed, it is possible to avoid bird damage which is a bottleneck in direct sowing cultivation. The seed paddy does not float due to running water, making it easy and efficient to enter water. Then, in the solidified body, the seed wrapping the seed rice (floor soil, covering soil) is selected as a seed suitable for germination of the seed rice, and a solidifying agent that does not interfere with germination is easily and stably germinated. Done. In addition, since the oxygen generator (Kalper) in the conventional flooded direct sowing cultivation is not used, the dressing operation is not required, the labor and the dressing machine are not required, and the cost of the oxygen generator is not required.

In the present invention, when a groove is formed on the surface of a field and the solidified material is sown at the bottom of the groove, the position (depth) of the solidified material from the surface of the field is constant, so that the germination of the seed rice can be performed more easily and stably. Will be done. In addition, since the octopus foot phenomenon does not occur and the shoulder of the groove collapses due to water movement during the growing period, the rice plant is covered with soil, so that there is an effect that lodging does not easily occur.

Further, the direct sowing machine of the present invention can use a conventional rice seedling planting plant almost as it is, and can use the conventional seedling raising frame of the pot seedling as a frame as it is. Farmers can freely select and use either a direct sowing machine or a pot seedling planting machine.
Furthermore, after direct sowing, the seedlings can be used to grow pot seedlings and replant rice, which is economical and helps to expand the scale of farming.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a frame.

FIG. 2 is a sectional side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view partially cut away.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing work steps of filling the floor, cutting the soil, holding the earth, sowing, covering the soil, cutting the earth, and holding the earth.

5 is an explanatory diagram of a seeding machine that performs the operation of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the direct seeder during operation.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a sowing portion of a direct sowing machine (in a case where a solidified body is sowed by a rotating claw in a standing posture).

FIG. 9 is a side view of a sowing portion of a direct sowing machine (in a case where a guide plate is spread and a solidified body is sowed sideways).

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a float provided with a groove generator (a).
And a sectional front view (b).

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a state where a solidified body is sowed in a standing posture by a sowing unit of a direct sowing machine.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing a state where the solidified body is sowed sideways with the guide plate expanded.

FIG. 13 shows that a solid body sown sideways germinates in a field,
It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which grows.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a solid body sown in a standing posture germinates and grows in a field.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame 2 Small chamber 3 Extrusion hole 15 Direct sowing machine 17 Seeding part 18 Float 20 Rotating claw 21 Grooving device 25 Extrusion rod 27 Transport belt 28 Guide plate i Solidified body s Seed paddy G groove

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A soil and one seed of paddy are put into each of said small chambers of a frame body having a large number of pot-shaped small chambers provided with extrusion holes on a bottom surface at regular intervals. After the solidified liquid is irrigated with the solidified liquid to form a solidified body of the soil and the seed paddy in the small chamber, the frame is mounted on a seeding machine that can travel in a field, and the seeding machine is equipped with the frame. The pot-like solidified body is extruded from each small chamber of the frame with the pushing rod,
A method for direct sowing of paddy rice, characterized in that the solidified body is sequentially sowed at appropriate intervals in a field scene. 2. A pot-like solidified body extruded line by line from each of the small chambers of the frame is placed on a conveyor belt, and the solidified body that sequentially falls at the end position of the conveyor belt is naturally dropped or pressed down by a rotating claw. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rice is sown in a field. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pot-like solidified body is sown in a ditch formed in a field scene. 4. A solidified body of soil and seeds is extruded from said small chamber of a frame in which a large number of pot-shaped small chambers provided with extrusion holes on the bottom face are arranged at regular intervals, and this solidified body is sequentially sown in a field scene. What is claimed is: 1. A direct sowing machine having a sowing part, comprising: a groove producing device for forming a groove having a predetermined depth in a field scene in front of the sowing position. 5. The direct sowing machine according to claim 4, wherein the groove generator is installed on the float so as to be vertically adjustable.