JPH10282433A - Micro scopic photographing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To execute a focusing action by simple operation, to observe an object at a fixed position and to eliminate such anxiety that the correction of dioptor is deviated by providing a device with a high-magnification image forming lens whose magnification is higher than a normal image forming lens and an image forming lens switching mechanism selecting the normal image forming lens or the high-magnification image forming lens and arranging it on the optical path of an observation system. SOLUTION: The image forming lens 114 having an optical axis being in parallel with the optical path B of the observation system and a reticle 115 are arranged at one space part at the upper part of the image forming lens switching unit. The high-magnification image forming lens 214 having the optical axis being in parallel with the optical axis B and a reticle 215 are arranged at the other space part. Then, the lens 114 and the reticle 115 are constituted as a unit D and the lens 214 and the reticle 215 are constituted as a unit E. The unit D can be switched to the unit E or the unit E can be switched to the unit D by the selecting operation of an observer. This, the precise focusing action can be executed only by the simple operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a microscope photographing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 9 is a view for explaining an optical path of a microscope apparatus provided with a conventional microscope photographing apparatus.

A microscope apparatus 100 includes an objective lens 101
, A projection lens 102, a microscope photographing device 110
, A camera 120, and a focusing telescope 130.

[0004] The camera 120 is a microscope photographing device 110.
, And incorporates the film 121.

The microscope photographing apparatus 110 includes a prism 111 that divides light from the sample 103 guided by the objective lens 101 into a photographing system optical path A, an observation system optical path B, and a photometric system optical path C.

A shutter 112 is disposed between the camera 120 and the prism 111 on the optical path A of the photographing system.
This shutter 112 is used for the primary image plane 1 of the objective lens 101.
The exposure time on the film 121 of the image of the specimen 103 formed at 01a and enlarged and projected by the projection lens 102 is controlled.

On the optical path B of the observation system, an image forming lens 114 having a reduced magnification for keeping the angle of view of the film 121 in the field of view of the finder eyepiece 113, and a double cross line serving as an index of the photographing range frame and focusing operation And a reticle 115 in which is displayed. The finder eyepiece 113 is for viewing the reticle 115 and the image 117 formed on the reticle 115.

A photometric element 123 is arranged on the optical path C of the photometric system, and measures the brightness of the image from the sample 103.

FIG. 10 is a view taken along line XX of FIG. However, the focusing telescope 130 is omitted.

The prism 111 is at the position shown by the solid line during non-exposure, moves from the solid line position to the position shown by the two-dot chain line as shown by the arrow e at the time of exposure, and the optical path B for the observation system and the optical path C for the photometry system (see FIG. 9). ).

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the relationship between the photomicrographing apparatus and the focusing telescope.

The finder VF of the microscope photographing device 110 is formed with a male thread portion 30a which is screwed with the female thread portion 116a of the diopter correction ring 116. By operating the diopter correction ring 116, the eyepiece 113 is moved. It is moved along the observation system optical path B. The diopter correction ring 116 adjusts the eyepiece 113 for the reticle 115 in accordance with the diopter of the photographer.
Is adjusted in the direction of the optical path B of the observation system to focus the reticle 115.

The focusing telescope 130 includes a cylindrical objective lens section 132 in which an objective lens 131 is built, and a cylindrical eyepiece section 134 in which an eyepiece 133 is built.

The objective lens section 132 includes a large diameter section 132a and a small diameter section 132b. The inner diameter of the large diameter section 132a is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the diopter correction ring 116, and the objective lens 131 is held in the small diameter section 132b. Have been.

The large-diameter portion 132a is movable back and forth in the radial direction.
10. Clamp screw 135 for detachably connecting to 10
Is attached.

The eyepiece section 134 includes an objective lens section 13.
2 small diameter portion 132b is slidably inserted,
The eyepiece 133 and the objective lens 131 face each other.

Next, the focusing operation of the above microphotographing apparatus will be described.

The position of the eyepiece 113 with respect to the reticle 115 in the optical axis direction (direction of the observation system optical path B) is adjusted in accordance with the diopter of the photographer. Then, the diopter correction ring 116 is rotated.

Thereafter, the focusing unit of the microscope apparatus 100, for example, the stage 104 (see FIG. 9) on which the specimen 103 is mounted is moved along the optical axis so that the double cross line of the reticle 115 and the image 117 of the specimen 103 can be clearly seen. Move in the direction.

When the objective lens 101 having a low numerical aperture and a large numerical aperture is used, the resolution of an image 117 formed on the reticle 115 can be detected by the human eye when the specimen 103 is viewed through the eyepiece 113. Finer than resolution.

That is, since the image 117 is not enlarged to a size that can be detected by human eyes, the details of the image 117 cannot be captured by human eyes, and it is very difficult to perform an accurate focusing operation.

The fact that it is very difficult to perform an accurate focusing operation will be described using mathematical expressions.

The depth of focus Δ when looking through the viewfinder is expressed by the following equation.

(Δ / 2) = [(n · λ) / (2 · N)
A ² )] + [n / (7 · M · NA)] where n is the refractive index, λ is the wavelength, NA is the numerical aperture of the objective lens, and M is the total magnification.

The first term is called the physical depth of focus, and when the refractive index n and the wavelength λ are constant, the numerical aperture N of the objective lens
It is inversely proportional to the square of A. The second term is called a geometric depth of focus and is a depth of focus generated from the resolution of the human eye, and is inversely proportional to the product of the total magnification M and the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens when the refractive index n is constant. .

Therefore, the resolution of the photographic film is the first
Since the term is almost determined, the focusing becomes difficult when the second term is larger than the first term. In general, the magnification of the objective lens and the numerical aperture are not proportional, and the increase in the numerical aperture becomes slower as the magnification increases. Therefore, the low-magnification objective lens has a higher second magnification with respect to the first term than the high-magnification objective lens. The ratio of terms increases.

Therefore, when using a low-magnification objective lens, the ratio of the second term to the first term is reduced by using the focusing telescope 130 to increase the total magnification M, and accurate focusing operation can be performed. To do.

More specifically, the large-diameter portion 132a of the objective lens portion 132 of the focusing telescope 130 is fitted into the diopter correction ring 116, and the clamp screw 135 is tightened.
An image 136 of the specimen 103 is observed through 30 and a focusing operation is performed.

That is, the eyepiece 1 of the viewfinder VF
The substantially parallel light beam that has passed through the focusing lens 13 forms an image near the focal position of the objective lens 131 of the focusing telescope 130, and the image 13
6 is magnified and observed through the eyepiece 133.

At this time, the eyepiece 133 is moved in the optical axis direction with respect to the objective lens 131 while looking through the focusing telescope 130, and is adjusted to the focusing position where the double cross line of the reticle 115 can be clearly seen.

Therefore, when the sample 103 is observed through the eyepiece 133 in an enlarged manner, the resolution of the image 136 in the focusing telescope 130 becomes larger than the resolution that can be detected by the human eye, and the details of the image 136 can be reduced by the human eye. It is possible to perform accurate focusing operation.

[0032]

However, the focusing telescope 1
30 can observe only the central part of the photographing range due to the relationship between the magnification and the field of view of the eyepiece 133. Therefore, even when using the low-magnification objective lens 101, the photographing range must be set by removing the focusing telescope 130. I had to.

Therefore, in photographing using only the low-magnification objective lens 101 or various magnifications including the low-magnification objective lens 101, the focusing telescope 130 must be frequently attached and detached. However, there is a problem that not only is it troublesome, but also the lost focusing telescope is lost.

The focusing telescope 130 has a viewfinder VF.
The diopter correction ring 116 is coupled to the diopter correction ring 116 by using the clamp screw 135, so that the diopter correction ring 116 moves each time it is attached or detached, and there is a problem that the diopter adjustment must be performed again.

Further, there is a problem that the observation work cannot be performed smoothly because the posture must be changed between when the focusing telescope is used and when it is not used.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a problem thereof is that in low-power microscopic photographing, focusing can be performed with a simple operation, and observation can be performed at a fixed position. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a microphotographing apparatus in which the diopter correction does not shift.

[0037]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microscope photographing apparatus which is detachable from a microscope main body and transmits light from a sample to a photographing optical path and an observation optical path. A microscopic photographing apparatus having an image forming lens, a reticle, and an eyepiece disposed in the optical path of the observation system; and a high-magnification image forming lens having a larger magnification than the image forming lens. An imaging lens switching mechanism for selecting an image lens or the high-magnification imaging lens and arranging it on the optical path of the observation system.

One of the one or more imaging lenses having a large magnification is selected and arranged on the optical path of the observation system so that observation at a high magnification can be performed. Therefore, microscopic photography using a low-magnification objective lens can be performed. In this case, the focusing operation can be performed without using the focusing telescope conventionally used.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the microscope photographing apparatus according to the first aspect, when the high-magnification imaging lens is selected by the imaging lens switching mechanism,
The reticle is switched to another reticle of a different type.

Since a reticle corresponding to the imaging lens is arranged on the optical path of the observation system, the type of the imaging lens located on the optical path of the observation system can be recognized by observing the reticle together with the image during observation. Therefore, it is possible to reduce erroneous operations such as setting an imaging range using an imaging lens having a large magnification.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the microscope photographing apparatus according to the first aspect, there are provided a plurality of the high-magnification imaging lenses, each having a different magnification.

Since there are a plurality of high-magnification imaging lenses, each having a different magnification, the range of compatible low-magnification objective lenses is widened.

[0043]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the optical path of a microscope apparatus provided with a microscope photographing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The description is omitted.

The microscope apparatus 1 according to this embodiment includes an objective lens 101, a projection lens 102, a microscope photographing apparatus 110, and a camera 120.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

The microscope photographing device 110 is provided with the imaging lens 1.
14 and the reticle 115 are configured as a unit D, and the high-magnification imaging lens 214 and the reticle 215 are configured as a unit E.

The high magnification imaging lens 214 is a convex lens 214
a and a concave lens 214b. Convex lens 214
The focal position moved to the prism 111 side by a is returned to the same focal position as the imaging lens 114 by the concave lens 214b, and the image 117 is formed on the reticle 215.

The units D and E can be inserted into and removed from the observation system optical path B, respectively. The unit D can be switched to the unit E or the unit E to the unit D as shown by an arrow b in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a photomicrographing apparatus to which the above embodiment is applied, FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG.

The microscope photographing apparatus includes a prism switching unit 10, a motor 14, a prism 111, a photometric element 123 for measuring light intensity, an imaging lens switching unit 20, an eyepiece 113, a shutter 112, And housed in the housing 30.

A film 121 is provided on the upper part of the housing 30.
Is fixed, and a photographic straight tube 60 of a microscope main body is inserted into a sleeve 30 a formed at a lower portion of the housing 30, and is fixed with a clamp screw 61.

The prism switching unit 10 has a prism support member 12 having a rectangular shape in a plan view. A rack 12c is integrally formed on one short side of the prism support member 12, and a microscope main body is provided near the other short side. A hole 12a for guiding light from the camera 120 to the camera 120 is formed, and a prism 111 is fixed to an upper portion (on the camera 120 side).

At the lower part of the prism support member 12, a guide portion 12b is formed to fit into a guide groove 30b formed along the bottom surface of the housing 30.

The rack 12c meshes with the gear 16. The gear 16 is connected to a shaft 14 a of a motor 14 mounted on a motor mounting member 17 fixed to a housing 30.
It is stuck to. The gear 16 and the prism support member 12 constitute the prism switching unit 10.

By driving the motor 14, the prism support member 12 is moved in the direction of arrow c in FIG.
The motor 14 is stopped at a position where the hole 12a coincides with the optical path from the microscope main body, and the shutter 112 is opened for a time calculated based on the photometric value. Thereafter, by driving the motor 14 again, the prism support member 12 is moved in the direction of the arrow d in FIG. 4, and the motor 14 is stopped at a position where the prism 111 coincides with the optical path from the microscope main body.

The imaging lens switching unit 20 has a lens support member 21 having a square shape in plan view.
A guide portion 21a is formed in a lower portion of the housing 1 so as to fit with a guide groove 30c extending in a direction orthogonal to the observation optical path B along the bottom surface of the housing 30.

An upper portion of the imaging lens switching unit 20 is formed with two space portions extending in parallel with the observation system optical path B. One of the space portions has an imaging lens 114 having an optical axis parallel to the observation system optical path B. And a reticle 115, and a high-magnification imaging lens 214 having an optical axis parallel to the optical axis and a reticle 215 are arranged in the other space.

A lever 25 is provided on the side surface of the lens support member 21.
Is fixed, and one end of the lever 25 projects outside through the hole 30 d of the housing 30. By pushing and pulling the protrusion 25a of the lever 25, the lens support member 21 is pressed.
Moves along the guide groove 30c. The imaging lens switching unit 20 is configured by the lever 15 and the lens support member 21.

The bottom of the housing 30 is provided with pins 23a and 23b for regulating the movement of the lens supporting member 21. When the lens support member 21 abuts against the pin 23a, the optical axis of the imaging lens 114 is changed to the observation system optical path B.
When the lens support member 21 abuts against the pin 23b, the optical axis of the high-magnification imaging lens 214 matches the observation system optical path B.

FIG. 7A is a plan view of a reticle 215 used with the high-magnification imaging lens 214, and FIG. 7B is a plan view of a reticle 115 used with the imaging lens 114.

The reticle 215 is a transparent disk, and a double cross line 219 is provided at the center thereof and “FOCUS” is provided at the outer periphery thereof.
ING MAGNIFIER "letters 218 are each deposited.

The reticle 115 is a transparent disk, and a double cross line 119 is deposited at the center thereof, and a photographing range frame 118 is deposited around the double cross line 119, respectively.

Next, the setting of the photographing range and the focusing operation when the low-magnification objective lens 101 of the microphotographing apparatus 110 is used will be described. First, the setting of the photographing range will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, the lever 15 is pushed in, the side surface of the lens support member 21 is applied to the pin 23a, and the imaging lens 114 and the reticle 115 are moved on the optical path B of the observation system.

The object to be photographed is the reticle 11 of the viewfinder VF.
The display 117 of the photographing range frame 118 of the reticle 115 and the image 117 are observed while being superimposed on each other so as to have an appropriate size with respect to the photographing range frame 118 shown in FIG.
The stage 104 on which the sample 103 is mounted with the magnification of 2 selected
To determine the shooting range. Next, the focusing operation will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 6, the lever 15 is pulled out, the side surface of the lens support member 21 is applied to the pin 23b, and the high-magnification imaging lens 214 and the reticle 215 are moved on the optical path B of the observation system.

The image to be photographed is a high-magnification imaging lens 2
The image is enlarged to a level that can be detected with the resolution of the human eye by 14 and is imaged on the reticle 215. At this time, in the field of view of the eyepiece 113, only the center of the photographing range is observed.

Diopter correction ring 1 while looking through viewfinder VF
After focusing the double cross line 219 displayed on the reticle 215 by operating the focusing unit 16, the focusing operation unit (not shown) of the microscope so that the double cross line 219 and the captured image can be simultaneously and clearly seen. Is operated to focus a photographed image formed on the film 121.

According to the microphotographing apparatus to which this embodiment is applied, when setting the photographing range and performing the focusing operation, the focusing operation is performed by simply pressing and pulling the lever 15 to operate the imaging lens. It is possible to switch to perform accurate focusing, and since the focusing telescope 130 is not used as in the prior art, the diopter correction ring 116 does not rotate due to the attachment and detachment of the focusing telescope 130, and it is necessary to adjust the diopter again. Disappears.

Further, since the display content of the reticle is changed by switching the imaging lens, it is possible to immediately identify which imaging lens is in the observation system optical path B during observation, and to use the high-magnification imaging lens 214. An erroneous operation, such as setting a photographing range while the camera is in the photographing system optical path B, can be prevented.

Further, since the focusing telescope 130 is not used, observation can be always performed at a fixed position (posture).
There is no danger of losing the focusing telescope.

In this embodiment, the case where one high-magnification imaging lens 214 is used has been described. However, the use of a plurality of high-magnification imaging lenses 214 makes it possible to cope with the case where an extremely low-magnification objective lens is used. .

The switching of the imaging lens and the reticle to the observation system optical path B is performed by pushing and pulling the lever by hand, but the switching may be performed by a motor.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a microscope photographing apparatus according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.

Microscope photographing apparatus 11 according to this modified example
In addition to the imaging lens 114, the imaging lens 114
A high-magnification imaging lens 214 having a larger magnification is built in.

The high-magnification imaging lens 214 is composed of a convex lens 214a and a concave lens 214b as in the above embodiment. The focal position moved to the prism 111 side by the convex lens 214a is returned to the same focal position as the imaging lens 114 by the concave lens 214b, and the image 117 is shifted to the reticle 1.
15 on top.

Imaging Lens 114 and High Magnification Imaging Lens 2
14 can be inserted into and removed from the observation system optical path B, respectively. The imaging lens 114 can be switched to the high-magnification imaging lens 214 or the high-magnification imaging lens 214 can be switched to the imaging lens 114 as shown by an arrow a in FIG.

[0079]

As described above, according to the photomicrographing apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the microphotographing apparatus using the low-magnification objective lens also uses the focusing telescope conventionally used. Since the focusing operation can be performed without having to perform the focusing operation, the troublesome work of attaching and detaching the focusing telescope is released, and the detached focusing telescope may be lost, and the diopter correction by attaching and detaching the focusing telescope may be shifted. Is also gone. In addition, since the observation can be always performed in a fixed posture, the observation operation can be performed smoothly.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the type of the imaging lens located on the optical path of the observation system can be recognized by observing the reticle together with the image during observation. It is possible to reduce erroneous operations such as setting an imaging range using an imaging lens having a large size.

According to the microscope photographing apparatus of the third aspect of the present invention, when an extremely low-magnification objective lens is used, a high-magnification imaging lens can be further used. The range of the objective lens is widened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an optical path of a microscope apparatus provided with a micrograph photographing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a part of a microphotographing apparatus to which the embodiment is applied.

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows IV-IV in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a microphotographing apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7A is a plan view of a reticle 215 used with the high-magnification imaging lens 214, and FIG. 7B is a plan view of a reticle 115 used with the imaging lens 114.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a microscope photographing apparatus according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an optical path of a microscope device provided with a conventional micrograph photographing device.

FIG. 10 is a view taken along line XX of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the relationship between the microphotographing apparatus and the focusing telescope.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 20 imaging lens switching mechanism 103 specimen 110 microscopic photographing device 111 prism (light separating means) 113 eyepiece 114 imaging lens 115, 215 reticle 214 high-magnification imaging lens A imaging optical path B observation optical path

Claims (3)

[Claims] A light splitting means which is detachable from a microscope main body and divides light from a sample into a photographing system light path and an observation system light path, wherein an imaging lens, a reticle and an eyepiece are arranged in the observation system light path. A high-power imaging lens having a higher magnification than the imaging lens; and an imaging lens that selects the imaging lens or the high-power imaging lens and arranges the selected lens on the optical path of the observation system. A microphotographing device comprising a switching mechanism. 2. The photographing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the high-magnification imaging lens is selected by the imaging lens switching mechanism, the reticle is switched to another reticle of a different type. apparatus. 3. The microphotographing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of said high-magnification imaging lenses, each having a different magnification.