JPH10278795A - Derailment detector and traveling condition monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To immediately detect derailment and unstableness in a traveling condition so as to suppress damage minimally by determining whether a rolling stock is derailed or no on the basis of a detection output from a vibration sensor detecting vibration of the rolling stock. SOLUTION: A derailment detector 6 is provided with a determining means 16, which determines whether a rolling stock is derailed or not on the basis of a detection output from an electrostatic capacity type acceleration sensor 12 detecting vibration of the rolling stock, and an output relay 13 which gives a corresponding output when derailment is determined. The derailment detector 6 is installed to a carriage so that the vibration detecting direction of the acceleration sensor 12 matches the vertical direction of the rolling stock. In this way, on the basis of an output of a counter 22 counting oscillation pulses in an oscillation circuit 21, by which a change in an electrostatic capacity based on vibration is converted into a change in an oscillation frequency, a change in the electrostatic capacity matching the acceleration of the vibration can be detected as a change in the oscillation frequency, so that it is determined whether derailment is caused or not by means of a microcomputer 23.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a derailment detecting device for detecting a derailment in which a wheel of a railway vehicle deviates from a track and a traveling state monitoring device for monitoring a traveling state of the railway vehicle.

[0002] In this specification, "derailment" includes:
Some of the wheels of the vehicle are off the track,
It includes what is called "removal".

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In a railway vehicle, a so-called derailing may occur in which some wheels of the vehicle are off the track during traveling.
Conventionally, there is no device for detecting such derailing, and therefore, when the number of connected vehicles is large and when a part of a succeeding vehicle separated from the leading vehicle is derailed, the driver of the leading vehicle is used. You must travel a considerable distance before you stop the vehicle when you know that it has come off, and during that time you will damage the rails and sleepers and scatter the mounting bolts, causing damage. It takes a long time, and the recovery cost is high.

[0004] Conventionally, there is no device capable of inexpensively detecting when the running state becomes unstable when the running state becomes unstable even though the wheels or rails of the vehicle are not worn or damaged due to wear or damage. It is desired to provide a device.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a derailment detecting apparatus and a driving state capable of detecting a derailment immediately and minimizing damage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a traveling state monitoring device capable of monitoring when the traveling state becomes unstable and detecting the unstable state.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, the derailment detection device of the present invention includes a vibration sensor for detecting vibration of the vehicle, and a determination means for determining the presence or absence of derailment of the vehicle based on a detection output of the vibration sensor.

[0008] The determination means may determine the presence or absence of derailment based on the detected vibration level and a predetermined determination level.

[0009] The vibration sensor may be a capacitance type vibration sensor that detects acceleration of vibration.

[0010] An output means for providing a corresponding output when the determination means determines that there is a derailment may be provided.

[0011] The derailment detection device may be mounted on a truck of a vehicle, and at least the vibration sensor and the determination means may be incorporated in a waterproof case.

Further, the running condition monitoring apparatus of the present invention includes a vibration sensor for detecting vibration of the vehicle, and monitoring means for monitoring the running state of the vehicle based on a detection output of the vibration sensor.

[0013] The monitoring means may monitor a running state based on a vibration waveform based on a detection output of the vibration sensor and a vibration waveform during normal running.

According to the derailment detecting device of the present invention, a large shock vibration caused by the derailment is detected by the vibration sensor, and the presence or absence of the derailment is determined by the determination means. Therefore, when the derailment occurs, the derailment can be detected immediately. Become.

The determining means determines the presence or absence of derailment on the basis of the detected vibration level and a predetermined determination level.
By setting in advance a determination level at which vibration during normal running can be determined, derailment can be detected accurately.

Further, since the vibration sensor is a capacitance type vibration sensor for detecting acceleration of vibration, highly reliable detection is possible.

Further, since output means is provided for outputting a corresponding output when it is determined that the vehicle is derailed, an alarm of derailment is given to a driver or the like or an emergency stop of the vehicle is performed by the output of the output means. Such measures can be taken promptly, and damage can be minimized.

Further, since the derailment detection device is mounted on a truck of a vehicle, it is possible to more reliably detect impact vibration caused by derailment, and since the derailment detection device is built in a waterproof case, it is environmentally resistant. It will be excellent.

According to the traveling state monitoring device of the present invention, the vibration of the vehicle is detected by the vibration sensor, and based on the detected vibration,
Since the running state is monitored, the running state becomes unstable due to wear and breakage of wheels and rails, and when the vibration of the vehicle is different from that during normal running, it is possible to know the abnormality of the running state. .

In particular, by comparing the vibration waveform based on the detection output of the vibration sensor with the vibration waveform during normal running, it is possible to know the abnormality of the running state.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a railway vehicle equipped with a derailment detection device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The vehicle 2 traveling on the rail 1
The vehicle 2 is connected to the front and rear (left and right directions in the drawing) via a vehicle, and a bogie 4 is provided at a lower portion of each vehicle 2, and wheels 5 are attached to each bogie 4.

In this embodiment, a derailment detecting device 6 according to the present invention is attached to each bogie 4 of each vehicle 2 in order to immediately detect a derailment in which the wheel 5 comes off the rail 1. As will be described later, derailing during traveling is detected.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the derailment detecting device 6 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view thereof.

The derailment detecting device 6 according to the present embodiment includes a vibration-proof vibration of the vehicle 2 inside a waterproof case 11 in which a cover 9 is attached to an aluminum die-cast box 7 via a packing 8 by a mounting screw 10. , A capacitance type acceleration sensor 12 as a vibration sensor, an output relay 13 as an output means for providing a corresponding output when derailment is detected, and a circuit board 14 on which a microcomputer or the like described later is mounted. Are stored and arranged so that power is supplied via the cable 15 and a derailment detection output can be taken out to the outside. The corner of the box 7 of the case 11 is provided with the derailment detecting device 6.
Is formed in the carriage 4. It should be noted that the material and structure of the case 11 are not limited to those of the present embodiment, and it is needless to say that an appropriate material and structure can be selected according to the installation location and the like.

FIG. 4 shows a derailment detecting device 6 according to this embodiment.
4 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of FIG. 3, and portions corresponding to FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The derailment detecting device 6 of this embodiment determines whether or not the vehicle is derailed based on a capacitance type acceleration sensor 12 for detecting vibration of the vehicle and a detection output of the acceleration sensor 12. Means 16 and an output relay 13 for providing a corresponding output when a derailment is determined.

As shown in FIG. 5, the acceleration sensor 12 of this embodiment has a so-called sandwich structure in which a detection movable portion 17 formed of a silicon semiconductor substrate is sandwiched between two glass substrates 18. 5 detects the vertical vibration of FIG. 5, and detects the vertical movement of the detection movable section 7 due to the vibration as a change in the capacitance. That is, the detection movable unit 1 that moves up and down due to vibration
The change in capacitance between the movable electrode 7 and each fixed electrode 19 formed on each glass substrate 18 opposed to the movable electrode is taken out differentially by a differential circuit 20. Note that the acceleration sensor 12 is attached to the bogie 4 such that the vibration detection direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 5) matches the vertical direction of the vehicle 2 in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the determination means 16 to which the detection output of the semiconductor acceleration sensor 12 is provided includes an oscillation circuit 21 for converting a change in capacitance due to vibration into a change in oscillation frequency, and A counter 22 for counting the number of oscillation pulses; and a microcomputer 23 for determining the presence or absence of derailment based on the output of the counter 22. In this embodiment, a capacitance corresponding to the acceleration of vibration is provided. Is detected as a change in the oscillation frequency, and the presence or absence of derailment is determined.

In this embodiment, the presence or absence of derailment is determined as follows.

That is, as shown in the acceleration waveform of the vibration in FIG. 6 even during the normal running without derailment, a considerable vibration is generated. As shown in the acceleration waveform, a much larger vibration is generated as compared with the normal running in FIG.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the level at which the maximum acceleration does not reach during normal running and the level at which acceleration reaches during derailing running are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, a derailment determination level L is set in advance, and when the detected acceleration of vibration exceeds the derailment determination level L, it is determined that derailment has occurred.

When the derailment is determined in this way, the output relay 13 gives a corresponding output in response to the determination output of the microcomputer 23, and this output is displayed to the driver, for example, by a display or a buzzer. For example, an appropriate measure such as notifying the derailment, or urgently stopping the train, or notifying the passengers in the vehicle can be taken. Further, a communication function of notifying the management center or the like of the derailment may be provided.

In this way, the derailment is immediately detected and appropriate measures can be taken, so that the driver travels a considerable distance without noticing despite the derailment.
Damage can be minimized as compared with the conventional example in which rails, sleepers, and the like are damaged and recovery takes a long time.

The acceleration level of the detected vibration is
Since the presence or absence of derailment is determined based on whether or not a predetermined determination level L has been exceeded, it can be realized with a relatively simple configuration.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the judgment level of the presence or absence of derailment can be selected from a plurality of preset judgment levels according to the traveling speed of the vehicle. Good.

In the above-described embodiment, when the acceleration of the detected vibration exceeds a predetermined determination level, it is determined that derailment has occurred. However, the above-described determination level is set so as not to malfunction due to shock vibration other than derailment. When exceeding a predetermined number of times, it may be determined to be derailment, or a cycle of vibration exceeding the determination level, and further, based on a period during which the determination level is exceeded, or
The presence or absence of derailment may be determined by combining them.

In the above embodiment, the acceleration sensor 12
Although the derailment was detected based on the detection output of the present invention, as another embodiment of the present invention, the derailment did not occur, but the running state became unstable due to wear or damage of the wheels or rails of the vehicle. In such a case, since the acceleration waveform differs from the acceleration waveform of the vibration during normal traveling, a determination level for determining that the traveling state is unstable is set in advance, and the detected vibration level exceeds the determination level. It may be monitored whether or not the vehicle is running normally. That is, a running state monitoring device that monitors whether the running state is stable using the above-described configuration may be used. In addition, this traveling state monitoring device also monitors whether or not the traveling state is stable based on the number of times the determination level has been exceeded and its cycle, and responds when it is determined that the traveling state is not stable. The determination output to be performed may be notified to a driver or the like. Further, the detected vibration level may be displayed as a bar graph on the driver's seat, and the driver may monitor the running state by looking at the bar graph display.

When it is determined that the running state is not stable, appropriate measures such as repair and replacement are taken for the abrasion and breakage of the wheels and rails that cause the running state.

In the above-described embodiment, the vibration sensor is constituted by a capacitance type acceleration sensor. However, as another embodiment of the present invention, a steel ball type in which the contact is turned on / off by rolling due to vibration. A vibration sensor may be used. In this case, an on / off output may be provided when the vibration level exceeds the determination level.

In the above embodiment, the derailment detecting device is
Although mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle is not limited to the vehicle and may be installed at an appropriate location on the vehicle, and the number of derailment detection devices may be appropriately selected.

In the above-described embodiment, the presence / absence of derailment is determined by detecting only the vertical vibration of the vehicle. However, as another embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal vibration of the vehicle is also detected and the vertical movement is detected. The presence or absence of derailment may be determined based on the left and right vibrations.

The acceleration waveform of the detected vibration includes:
Since a high-frequency noise component is superimposed, as another embodiment of the present invention, a filter function for removing the noise component by appropriately selecting a sampling period or the like by a microcomputer may be provided.

In the above-described embodiment, the judging means and the output means are built in the waterproof case. However, as another embodiment of the present invention, only the vibration sensor is built in the case and mounted on a bogie of the vehicle. The determination means and the output means may be arranged at an appropriate place such as a driver's seat or a control panel.

[0046]

As described above, according to the derailment detecting device of the present invention, a large shock vibration caused by the derailment is detected by the vibration sensor and the presence or absence of the derailment is determined by the determination means. Derailment can be detected immediately, and output means for providing a corresponding output when it is determined to be derailment is provided, so that an output of this output means gives an alarm to a driver or the like, It is possible to take appropriate measures such as emergency stop immediately, and despite the derailment, the driver travels a considerable distance without noticing it and damaged the rails and sleepers and recovered The damage can be minimized as compared with the conventional example in which it takes time.

According to the running condition monitoring device of the present invention, the vibration of the vehicle is detected by the vibration sensor, and the running condition is monitored based on the detected vibration. When the vehicle becomes unstable and the vibration of the vehicle is different from that during normal traveling, it is possible to know the abnormality of the traveling state with a relatively inexpensive configuration.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a railway vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the derailment detection device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially broken side view of the derailment detection device of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the derailment detection device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the acceleration sensor.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an acceleration waveform of vibration during normal running.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an acceleration waveform of vibration during derailing traveling.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rail 2 Vehicle 4 Truck 5 Wheel 6 Derailment detection device 12 Acceleration sensor (vibration sensor) 13 Output relay (output means) 16 Judgment means

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A derailment detection device comprising: a vibration sensor that detects vibration of a vehicle; and a determination unit that determines presence or absence of derailment of the vehicle based on a detection output of the vibration sensor. 2. The derailment detection device according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines whether or not there is a derailment based on the detected vibration level and a predetermined determination level. 3. The derailment detection device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration sensor is a capacitance type vibration sensor that detects acceleration of vibration. 4. The derailment detection device according to claim 1, further comprising an output unit that provides a corresponding output when the determination unit determines that the derailment has occurred. 5. The derailment detection device according to claim 1, wherein the derailment detection device is mounted on a bogie of the vehicle. 6. The derailment detection device according to claim 1, wherein at least the vibration sensor and the determination unit are built in a waterproof case. 7. A traveling state monitoring device comprising: a vibration sensor that detects vibration of a vehicle; and monitoring means that monitors a traveling state of the vehicle based on a detection output of the vibration sensor. 8. The traveling state monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the monitoring means monitors a traveling state based on a vibration waveform based on a detection output of the vibration sensor and a vibration waveform during normal traveling.