JPH1026925A - Learning method and learning device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently activate a brain and to improve a long-term storage rate of language sound. SOLUTION: This learning device is provided with a tape deck 71A for sound for reproducing the language sound of English conversation or the like, the tape deck 71B for music for reproducing the music, speakers 76A and 76B respectively installed at left and right positions to a learner and a switching relay 78 for switching the connection of the tape deck 71A for the sound and the tape deck 71B for the music and the respective speakers 76A and 76B on the left and right. When the learner with whose dominant ear is left depresses a 'left' switch 74, the language sound is outputted from the left speaker 76A and the music is outputted from the right speaker 76B.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a learning method and an apparatus therefor, and more particularly, to a language-dominant brain and a non-language (music) -dominant brain of a human, which are biased to right and left opposite positions of the head, and This is based on the finding that one of the left and right ears has a dominant ear for speech sounds depending on the location.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an industrial device or the like which outputs instructions, warnings, and the like by voice, the position of a speaker is appropriately determined from the viewpoint of interaction with other parts, design, and the like. Things that focus on the ear are not yet known. For example, there is a car navigation system that has become very popular in recent years, which provides route guidance by voice.
This guidance is usually performed using the right front speaker near the position of the driver.

However, in many cases, the discriminating power for speech sounds is deviated to one of the left and right ears. For example, a telephone operator of KDD (International Telegraph and Telephone Company) has a dominant ear (an ear having excellent discriminating power for speech sounds). The results of the survey (Katsuya Maehara, “Right-handed / Left-handed Science”, Kodansha (1994)
155) is shown in FIG. 8, and in this result, the ratio of the left ear to the dominant ear is 58%, which is larger than the ratio of the right ear to the right ear is 16%. This is human language advantage (language sound recognition)
For example, in FIG. 9 (Tadanobu Tsunoda, “Right and Left Brain”, Shogakukan Library (1993), p. 80), the language-dominant brain is the left brain. . If you input different sounds from each of the left and right ears,
As shown in FIG. 10, the auditory conduction path (dashed line in the figure) on the same side as the ear is normally suppressed, and is transmitted to the brain on the opposite side by crossing auditory conduction paths (solid line in the figure) (Katsuya Maehara). Author, Right-handed / Left-handed Science, Kodansha (1994)
163). As a result, if the language dominant brain is on the left side of the head, the dominant ear is often the right ear, and if the language dominant brain is on the right side of the head, the dominant ear is often the left ear. The following methods are known as methods for determining the dominant ear. [1] The ear of the person who can easily hear the telephone voice [2] The ear with the higher correct answer rate by simultaneously loading simple additions separately from the left and right ears [3] The pure vowel "A" and the non-verbal sound Investigating the superiority of the brain with the ear, which is superior to the former [4] Give linguistic information, measure the degree of activity with EEG,
Ear corresponding to the hemisphere with high activity

[0004] Therefore, if the route guidance sound in the navigation system is always output from the right front speaker, the occupant whose left ear is the dominant ear will recognize the route guidance sound in an atmosphere such as ambient noise or music played from the radio. This creates a problem of difficulty.

On the other hand, conventionally, BGM (Back Gr)
Sound Music) to activate the brain and increase memory (Frances H. Ra)
uscher and others Nature VOL365.14
October 1993), for example, Tokuhei 2-305
Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 06-2006 proposes a learning machine that displays images to be stored, foreign characters, and the like on a screen while flowing BGM, thereby achieving long-term fixing of storage.

[0006] However, it is known that a music dominant brain which is excellent in recognizing non-verbal sounds such as music is usually located on the head opposite to the language dominant brain. For example, Fig. 11 (Tadanobu Kakuda, "Right and Left Brain" Shogakukan Library (1993)
P. As shown in 191), the vowel "A" which is a language sound
And the potential distribution of EEG when listening to non-verbal sounds such as "violin" and "flute", a high potential part (black area in the figure) appears in the left hemisphere of the brain for verbal sounds On the other hand, for non-verbal sounds, a high potential portion appears in the right half of the brain. Therefore, even if BGM is vaguely inserted into both ears, the efficiency of brain activation by music sounds is low, and it is difficult to achieve long-term retention of memory. The fact that the music dominant brain and the language dominant brain are at opposite positions has also been demonstrated in FIG. 9 described above.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and one object of the present invention is to improve the recognition rate (ie, short-term memory) of speech sounds in a noise or music atmosphere. .

It is another object of the present invention to efficiently activate the brain and improve the long-term memory rate of speech sounds.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a language sound to be learned is mainly input to one ear associated with a learner's language-dominant brain.

In the first aspect of the present invention, one of the ears associated with the language-dominant brain is caused to input a language sound to be learned. The short-term memory rate can be improved, and for example, a route guidance sound can be well recognized in a voice navigation system of a vehicle.

According to the second aspect of the invention, a language sound to be learned is mainly input to one ear related to a learner's language dominant brain, and at the same time, a music sound is mainly input to the other ear of the learner. It is.

In the second aspect of the present invention, since the music sound is simultaneously input to the ear opposite to the one ear related to the language dominant brain, the music sound is non-verbal (music) located on the opposite side of the language dominant brain. Acts on the dominant brain efficiently and activates the brain. Thereby, long-term memory of speech sounds is achieved.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a route guidance sound (language sound) when the present invention is applied to a voice navigation system of a vehicle.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram in a case where the recognition rate (short-term memory) of the image is improved. In the figure, a navigation computer 11 has a GPS (Global Positioning Sy).
stem) Antenna receiver 12, map CD-RO
An M player 13, a gyro sensor 14, a speed sensor 15, and the like are connected. The navigation computer 11 determines the position of the own vehicle based on the positioning signal from the receiver 12 and each signal from the gyro sensor 14 and the speed sensor 15, and maps the position to the map read from the CD-ROM player 13. Is displayed on the display 16.

The navigation computer 11 which functions as a voice generation source outputs a voice signal 11 for route guidance.
a is output, which is the normally open contact 2 of each relay 2A, 2B.
2 is input to one terminal. When the route guidance voice signal 11a is output, the navigation computer 11 outputs an "H" level gate signal 11b, which reaches one of the input terminals of the NAND gates 31, 32, respectively.

The audio signals 41a and 42a output from the radio 41 and the tape deck 42 are amplified by a power amplifier 43 and then connected to relays 2A and 2B as connection means.
Are input to the left and right front speakers 5A and 5B, respectively, through the normally closed contact 21. A "right-left" selection switch 35 is provided on an instrument panel or the like on the driver's seat (not shown).
Is connected to the other input terminal of the NAND gate 31 and the input terminal of the NOT gate 33. The output terminal of the NOT gate 33 is the NAND gate 32
, And the output terminal of each NAND gate 31, 32 is connected to the coil 2 of each relay 2A, 2B.
3 respectively.

In the voice navigation system having such a configuration, while the audio signal 11a for route guidance is not output, the audio signals 41a and 42a of the radio 41 and the tape deck 42 are transmitted from the power amplifier 43 to the relay 2
The signals are output to the left and right front speakers 5A and 5B via the normally closed contacts 21 of A and 2B. When "left" is selected by the selection switch 35, the switch contact is opened as shown in the figure, and the "H" level signal is input to the other input terminal of the NAND gate 31. In this state, the navigation computer 11 sends a route guidance audio signal 11a.
And an "H" level gate signal 11b is output.
Becomes "L" level, the coil 23 of the relay 2A is excited, the normally closed contact 21 is opened, and the normally open contact 22 is closed. Thereby, the audio signals 41a,
An audio signal 11a for route guidance is output from the left front speaker 5A instead of 42a.

On the other hand, when "right" is selected by the selection switch 35, the switch contact is closed, and an "H" level signal is input from the NOT gate 33 to the other input terminal of the NAND gate 32. In this state, when the navigation computer 11 outputs the "H" level gate signal 11b together with the route guidance audio signal 11a, the gate signal 11b causes the output terminal of the NAND gate 32 to go to the "L" level, thereby causing the relay 2B to operate. The coil 23 is excited, the normally closed contact 21 is opened, and the normally open contact 22 is closed. As a result, instead of the audio signals 41a and 42a, the audio signal 11a for route guidance is output to the right front speaker 5
B outputs.

Therefore, if the occupant whose left ear is dominant with respect to the language sound selects "left" with the selection switch 35, the navigation route guidance is output from the left front speaker 5A, and the navigation sound is output to the language sound. On the other hand, if the occupant whose right ear is the dominant ear selects “right” with the selection switch 35, the navigation route guidance is output from the right front speaker 5B. As described above, since the route guidance is always provided to the driver from the front speaker located on the dominant ear side, the driver can properly perform the navigation route guidance even in a surrounding noise atmosphere or a music atmosphere flowing from a radio or the like. An audio signal can be recognized.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a case where a learning device capable of long-term storage of a language sound such as a language tape is provided in a driver's seat of a vehicle. In the figure, a driver 61 takes a relaxed posture with his body lying on a reclining seat 62 in a driver's seat, and a learning device 7 is provided in front of the reclining seat 62.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the learning device 7. The learning device 7 has tape decks 71A and 71B at the center left and right positions.
Is provided, one of the tape decks 71A is for sound reproduction,
On the other hand, 71B is for music reproduction. A language tape such as English conversation to be stored is mounted on the audio tape deck 71A, and a music tape is mounted on the audio tape deck 71B. On the lower side of the learning device 7, "power"
Pushbutton switches 72 to 75 with lamps for “start”, “left”, and “right” are provided, and speakers 76A and 76B are arranged at the left and right ends of the learning device 7, respectively.

FIG. 4 shows an overall circuit diagram of the learning device 7.
The control circuit 77 includes a CPU 771, a memory 772, an input interface 773, and an output interface 77.
The power supply port 775 has a power supply switch 72 and a built-in power supply lamp 701 connected in series between the power supply port 775 and the constant voltage source VB. The input port of the control circuit 77 has a “start” switch 7
3, a "left" switch 74 and a "right" switch 75 are connected respectively, and an output port is provided with a coil 781 of a switching relay 78, a "start" lamp 702 built in each of the switches 73 to 75, and a "left" switch. Lamp 703,
A “right” lamp 704 is connected to each. Also,
Start signals 77a and 77b are output from the control circuit 77 to the tape decks 71A and 71B, respectively.

Each of the tape decks 71A and 71B is monaural, and the audio tape deck 71A is connected to a terminal 782a of the switching relay 78 and a terminal 7 via a power amplifier 79A.
83b. Left and right speakers 76A, 7
6B are common terminals 782c and 783c of the switching relay 78.
Connected to each other. The music tape deck 71B is connected to a switching relay 78 via a power amplifier 79B.
Are connected to the terminal 782b and the terminal 783a.

The operation of the control circuit 77 will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Power switch 72
(Step 101) Power lamp (LP) 70
1 lights up (step 102). The left-eared learner presses the "left" switch 74 in this state (step 10).
3) Turn on the "left" lamp 703 (step 1)
04). At this time, the coil 781 of the switching relay 78 is de-energized, the relay contacts 782, 783 are in the state shown in FIG. 4, and the audio tape deck 71A is
9A to the left speaker 76A, and the music tape deck 71B to the right speaker 76B via the power amplifier 79B.
Connected to each other. When the "start" switch 73 is pressed (step 106), the "start" lamp 702 is turned on (step 107), and the music tape deck 71A and the audio tape deck 71B are reproduced and activated by the activation signals 77a and 77b. (Step 108,
109). Thereby, the music sound is output from the right speaker 76B, and the language sound of the language tape is output from the left speaker 76A. As a result, the music sound is efficiently transmitted from the right ear to the left brain, which is the non-verbal (musical) dominant brain of the learner, to activate the brain, and at the same time, the speech sound is mainly transmitted from the left ear of the dominant ear. Is efficiently transmitted to the right brain, which is the language dominant brain, and the memory is established.

In the case of a right-eared learner, when the "right" switch 75 is pressed (step 110), the "right" lamp 704 is turned on (step 111), and the coil 7 of the switching relay 78 is turned on.
81 is energized (step 112) and the relay contact 78
2,783 switches. As a result, the connection of the audio tape deck 71A is switched to the right speaker 76B, and the connection of the music tape deck 71B is switched to the left speaker 76A. When the "start" switch 73 is turned on in step 106 and thereafter, the music sound is mainly transmitted from the left ear. The right brain, which is the non-verbal (music) dominant brain of the learner, is efficiently transmitted to activate the brain, and at the same time, speech sounds are efficiently transmitted mainly from the right ear of the dominant ear to the left brain, which is the learner's dominant brain. It is transmitted and the memory is fixed.

In order to verify the learning effect of such a learning device, 50 learner English words to be memorized and their Japanese translations are repeated as language sounds toward the dominant ear for 30 learners. During this period, a music sound such as Bach's "Violin Concerto in E minor" was given to the non-dominant ear side (this is called forward memory), and the test was performed with the correct answer as one point. Scores were obtained. This total score is 15
It was 750 points out of a perfect score. Therefore, to compare with this, when the same test (this is called silence memory) is performed without the music sound on the non-listening side, the total score of all is 6
The score was 69 points. Thus, the memory enhancement index in the case of forward storage is 1.12 (= 7
50/669).

Incidentally, when a music sound is given to the dominant ear side and a speech sound is given to the non-dominant ear side (this is called backward memory), the memory enhancement index is 1.01, which is almost the same as the case of silence memory. Was. Further, in order to compare with the conventional BGM-like storage method, a speaker is installed about 1 m behind the learner, and the above-mentioned language sound is applied to the dominant ear side while equally applying the music sound to both ears (this BGM memory), the memory enhancement index was 1.06. Therefore, the conventional BGM memory is more effective for memory enhancement than the silence memory, but the memory enhancement effect is clearly smaller than the forward memory of the present invention. FIG. 6 summarizes the above results.

In order to see the effect of the forward memory on each learner, the full score of the correct answer of 50 English words and their Japanese translation is 100 points, and within ± 2 points is “no change in score”. FIG. 7 shows the change in the score of each learner after the silence storage and the forward storage. As is clear from the figure, 15 out of 30 persons scored high, and the effect of the present invention was confirmed.

(Other Embodiments) In the first and second embodiments, the sound generation source and the music generation source may be other than a tape deck and a radio, for example, digital audio data transmitted online or digital audio data transmitted online. The music data may be reproduced as analog voice or music.

In the second embodiment, a delay time is given between the reproduction of the music tape deck and the reproduction of the audio tape deck so that the brain is activated to some extent by the music sound so that the speech sound flows. Is also good.

Also, headphones may be used instead of the left and right speakers in the second embodiment. In this case, the left and right headphones may be replaced depending on whether the dominant ear is left or right. , "Left" and "right" selection switches and switching relays need not be provided.

In the second embodiment, front speakers in the interior of the vehicle may be used as left and right speakers of the learning device. Further, in the second embodiment, the learning device is realized by using the cabin of the automobile in which the closed space is formed. However, a dedicated box for the learning device may be provided.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, the recognition rate (that is, short-term memory) of speech sounds can be improved in a noisy atmosphere or the like. In addition, the brain can be efficiently activated, and the long-term memory rate of speech sounds can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall circuit diagram of a voice navigation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of a storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a learning device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a learning device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an operation flowchart of a control circuit in a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a memory enhancement effect in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a memory enhancement effect in a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the ratio of right and left dominant ears.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of the brain showing an example of a difference in cognitive sounds between the left brain and the right brain.

FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram of the brain showing an example of auditory conduction paths from left and right ears.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of the brain showing an example of a sound recognition area.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 navigation computer, 2A, 2B relay, 5A, 5B front speaker, 7 learning device, 7
1A: Tape deck for audio reproduction, 71B: Tape deck for music reproduction, 76A, 76B: Speaker, 78: Switching relay.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location H04S 1/00 G10K 15/00 M

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A learning method wherein a language sound to be learned is mainly input to one ear related to a learner's language dominant brain. 2. A speech generation source (11) for generating a language sound to be learned, and input means (2A, 2B, 5A, 5B) for mainly inputting the language sound to one ear of a learner. Learning device. 3. A voice generating source (11) for generating a language sound to be learned, speakers (5A, 5B) installed at left and right positions toward a learner, and a voice generating source for each of the left and right. A learning device comprising: connection means (2A, 2B) for selectively connecting to speakers (5A, 5B). 4. A language sound to be learned is mainly input to one ear related to the learner's language dominant brain, and at the same time, a music sound is mainly input to the other ear of the learner. Learning method. 5. A sound generation source (71A) for generating a language sound to be learned, and a music generation source (71) for generating a music sound.
B), a first input means (76A) for mainly inputting the language sound to one of the learner's ears, and a second input means (7) for mainly inputting the music sound to the other ear of the learner.
6B). 6. A sound generation source (71A) for generating a language sound to be learned and a music generation source (71) for generating a music sound.
B), speakers (76A, 76B) installed at right and left positions toward the learner, and a sound generation source (71
A) A learning device comprising: switching means (78) for switching the connection between each of the left and right speakers (76A, 76B) and the left and right speakers (76A, 76B).