JPH10267646A - Method and apparatus for judgment of deformation direction of structure in earthquake - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To judge the deformation direction of a structure in the case of an earthquake by a method wherein a tremor in a measuring point (a) and that in a measuring point (b) on the side of the structure are always measured, a prescribed processing operation is performed and the ratio of a spectrum Fa in the measuring point (a) to a spectrum Fb in the measuring point (b) is found. SOLUTION: A pickup PU1 is installed in a measuring point (a), a pickup PU2 is installed in a measuring point (b), and two obtained vibration waveform data are amplified separately by an amplifier 10 so as to be output to a computing and processing part 20. Then, track data in the measuring points (a), (b) in the horizontal direction are computed by a tack processing part 21, the respective vibration waveform data are Fourier-transformed separately into vibration-number region data by a transform part 22, a Fourier spectrum Fa and a Fourier spectrum Fb are found, and the ratio of the Fourier spectrum Fa to the Fourier spectrum Fb is found by a comparison part 23. When an integrated value which is obtained by subtracting 1.0 from the ratio of the spectrums is larger than 0, it is judged that a structure is deformed to the side of the measuring point (a). When it is smaller than 0, it is judged that the structure is deformed to the side of the measuring point (b). When it is 0, it is judged that the structure is not deformed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for judging the deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, which can determine the direction in which the structure is deformed especially during an earthquake.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A structure may be deformed (for example, tilted or collapsed) due to an earthquake or the like.

[0003] If the direction of deformation of a structure is known in advance, it is possible to rationally and economically take ground measures, foundation measures or structural measures. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine the deformation direction of the structure in advance.

Conventionally, various devices have been developed and provided for determining whether or not a structure is damaged by an earthquake.

[0005]

However, these devices cannot determine the direction of deformation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a deformation direction determining method and a deformation direction determining apparatus capable of determining a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake. The point is to provide.

[0007]

The gist of the present invention according to claim 1 is a method for determining the direction of deformation of a structure during an earthquake, wherein the microtremor of the measuring points a and b on the side of the structure is constantly measured. The data in each time domain obtained by these measurements are converted into the spectrum Fa of the measurement point a and the measurement point b which are the frequency domain data.
And the spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is determined from these two spectra Fa and Fb, and the spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is graphed in relation to the frequency. From the graph, the spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is obtained. But,
If it is larger than 1.0, it is determined that the structure is deformed to the measurement point a side. If it is smaller than 1.0, it is determined that the structure is deformed to the measurement point b side. A method for determining a deformation direction of a structure at the time of an earthquake, characterized by determining. The gist of the invention according to claim 2 is a method for determining the direction of deformation of a structure during an earthquake, in which the microtremors of the measurement points a and b on the sides of the structure are constantly measured, and each of the measurements is obtained by these measurements. Each data in the time domain is converted into a spectrum Fa of the measurement point a and a spectrum Fb of the measurement point b, which are frequency domain data, and a spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is obtained from these two spectra Fa and Fb. If the value obtained by subtracting 1.0 from the ratio Fa / Fb is greater than zero, it is determined that the deformation is to the measuring point a, and if it is smaller than zero, it is determined to be deforming to the measuring point b. And determining the deformation direction of the structure during an earthquake. The gist of the invention according to claim 3 is a method of determining the direction of deformation of a structure during an earthquake, in which the microtremors of the measuring points a and b on the sides of the structure are constantly measured, and the measurement obtained by these measurements is performed. Each data in each time domain of the points a and b is converted into a spectrum Fa of the measurement point a and a spectrum Fb of the measurement point b which are frequency domain data, and the spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is obtained from these two spectra Fa and Fb. If the sign of the value obtained by calculating Fb and subtracting 1.0 from the spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is positive, the sign is transformed to the measuring point a side, and if it is negative, it is judged to be transformed to the measuring point b side. The present invention provides a method for determining a deformation direction of a structure at the time of an earthquake, characterized in that it is determined that there is no deformation. The gist of the invention according to claim 4 is that, before obtaining the spectral ratio Fa / Fb, the microtremor in the horizontal direction of the structure is measured, and when the trajectory of the microtremor has a substantially elliptical shape, there is directivity. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein when a substantially circular shape is formed, it is determined that there is no directivity, and when there is directivity, a spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is obtained. It is in the method of determining the deformation direction of the structure at the time. The gist of the invention according to claim 5 is an apparatus for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, wherein two vibration receptions capable of separately measuring the microtremor of the structure and the microtremor lateral to the structure are separately provided. Unit, an amplifying unit for amplifying the vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by these vibration receiving units, respectively, and the horizontal trajectory data from the amplified vibration waveform data of the structure from the amplifying unit. A trajectory calculation unit to calculate, a drawing unit to draw a trajectory based on the trajectory data from the trajectory calculation unit, and convert each of the vibration waveform data on the sides of the structure into frequency domain data to convert the two spectrum data. The conversion unit to be obtained is compared with each spectrum data obtained from this conversion unit, and the comparison unit to obtain the spectrum ratio data is displayed in a graph. Characterized by comprising a display unit, it consists in the deformation direction determining device of a structure during an earthquake. The gist of the invention according to claim 6 is an apparatus for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, wherein two vibration receptions capable of separately measuring the microtremor of the structure and the microtremor of the side of the structure are separately provided. Unit, an amplifying unit for amplifying the vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by these vibration receiving units, respectively, and the horizontal trajectory data from the amplified vibration waveform data of the structure from the amplifying unit. A trajectory calculation unit to calculate, a drawing unit to draw a trajectory based on the trajectory data from the trajectory calculation unit, and convert each of the vibration waveform data on the sides of the structure into frequency domain data to convert the two spectrum data. The conversion unit to be obtained is compared with each spectrum data obtained from the conversion unit, and the comparison unit to obtain the spectrum ratio data is integrated with a value obtained by subtracting 1.0 from the spectrum ratio data to obtain an integrated value data An integrating unit for obtaining, characterized by comprising a display unit for displaying an integrated value based on the integrated value data from the integrating unit,
It exists in a device for judging the deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake. The gist of the invention according to claim 7 is a device for judging the deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, wherein two vibration receptions capable of separately measuring the microtremor of the structure and the microtremor of the side of the structure are separately provided. Unit, an amplifying unit for amplifying the vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by these vibration receiving units, respectively, and the horizontal trajectory data from the amplified vibration waveform data of the structure from the amplifying unit. A trajectory calculation unit to calculate, a drawing unit to draw a trajectory based on the trajectory data from the trajectory calculation unit, and convert each of the vibration waveform data on the sides of the structure into frequency domain data to convert the two spectrum data. A conversion unit to be determined, a comparison unit that compares each spectrum data obtained from the conversion unit and obtains spectrum ratio data,
An integrating unit for integrating the value obtained by subtracting 1.0 from the spectrum ratio data to obtain integrated value data; a sign determining unit for obtaining code data from the integrated value data from the integrating unit; And a display unit for displaying the sign of the integral value indicated by the formula (1). The gist of the invention according to claim 8 is a method for determining the direction of deformation of a structure during an earthquake, wherein constant micromotion of two measurement points a and b on the side of the structure and a measurement point c of the structure are measured. Then, each data in each time domain obtained by these measurements is converted into frequency side data, that is, each side station spectrum Fa, Fb and the structure station spectrum Fc. Spectral ratio Fa / Fc, Fb / Fc, or Fc / Fa, Fc between the station measurement spectrum Fa, Fb and the structure measurement station spectrum Fc.
/ Fb respectively, and these two spectral ratios Fa
/ Fc, Fb / Fc, or Fc / Fa, Fc / Fb are graphed in relation to the frequency, and the two spectral ratios Fa /
When Fc and Fb / Fc are obtained, it is determined that the deformation is made to the measuring point a or b side having a large spectral ratio, and when the spectral ratios Fc / Fa and Fc / Fb are obtained, those are determined. Among them, it is determined that the deformation occurs to the measuring point a or b side related to the small spectral ratio, and the two spectral ratios Fa / F are determined.
A method for determining a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, characterized in that it is determined that no deformation occurs when c, Fb / Fc, or Fc / Fa, Fc / Fb are equal. The gist of the invention according to claim 9 is a method for judging the deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, wherein two measurement points on the side of the structure and microtremors of the measurement points of the structure are measured. Each data in each time domain obtained by the measurement is converted into frequency side data, each lateral station spectrum and structure station spectrum, and each lateral station spectrum and structure The spectral ratios with respect to the point spectrum are respectively obtained, and these two spectral ratios are logarithmically graphed in relation to the frequency, and it is determined that the difference from 1.0 is deformed to a larger one. A method for determining a deformation direction of a structure at the time of an earthquake, characterized by determining. The gist of the invention described in claim 10 is that, before calculating the spectrum ratio, the microtremor in the horizontal direction of the structure is measured, and when the trajectory of the microtremor is substantially elliptical, it is determined that there is directivity. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, when forming a substantially circular shape, it is determined that there is no directivity, and when there is directivity, a spectrum ratio is obtained. Exist. The gist of the invention according to claim 11 is a device for judging the deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, wherein three vibration receiving units capable of simultaneously measuring the microtremor of the structure and the microtremor of the side of the structure at the same time. And an amplifying unit for amplifying the vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by these vibration receiving units, respectively, and calculating horizontal trajectory data from the amplified vibration waveform data of the structure from the amplifying unit A trajectory calculation unit, a drawing unit that draws a trajectory based on the trajectory data from the trajectory calculation unit, and converts the structure's vibration waveform data into frequency domain data to obtain structure measurement point spectrum data. A conversion unit for converting each of the vibration waveform data on the sides to frequency domain data to obtain two side measurement point spectrum data, and a structure measurement point spectrum data obtained from the conversion unit and A comparison unit for comparing the measured spectrum data with the measurement point spectrum data to obtain two spectrum ratio data; and a display unit for displaying a graph of the relationship between the spectrum ratio and the frequency from the spectrum ratio data. In the structure deformation direction judging device. The gist of the invention according to claim 12 is that the trajectory is drawn on the display unit instead of the drawing unit, and the apparatus determines the deformation direction of the structure during an earthquake according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 11. Exists.

In the present invention, "deformation" includes not only the case where the structure itself is deformed but also the case where the structure itself is inclined or tilted.

[0009] The "measuring point" refers to a place suitable for practicing the present invention, such as on the ground.

The "spectrum" can be a spectrum suitable for practicing the present invention, such as a velocity spectrum, a displacement spectrum, and an acceleration spectrum.

The "drawing unit" and "display unit" include those suitable for carrying out the present invention, such as a monitor, an oscilloscope, and a plotter.

The measurement of the "always fine movement of the structure in the horizontal direction" is preferably at a position near the ground surface of the structure or at a position inside the structure near the ground surface.

In the present invention, the presence / absence of “directivity” is determined to be directivity if the “trajectory” draws a substantially elliptical shape, and it is determined that there is no directivity if the “trajectory” draws a substantially circular shape. The “directing direction” is the major axis direction of the ellipse.

The term "structure measurement point" means a frame portion of a structure at the same level as a ground surface measurement point.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) As shown in FIG. 1, a deformation direction judging device A according to Embodiment 1 includes two pickups PU1 and PU2 (vibration receiving units), an amplifier 10 (amplifying unit), and an arithmetic processing. It is schematically composed of a unit 20 and a monitor 30 (drawing unit, display unit).

The two pickups PU1 and PU2 are capable of constantly measuring fine movement.
This is suitable for carrying out the present invention.

The amplifier 10 has two pickups PU
1. Two pieces of vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by PU2 are separately amplified.

The arithmetic processing unit 20 is provided with a trajectory calculation unit 21, a conversion unit 22, and a comparison unit 23 as shown in FIG. The trajectory calculation unit 21 is configured by a circuit that calculates trajectory data of a measurement point in the horizontal direction from each vibration waveform data. The conversion unit 22 is composed of a circuit that obtains two Fourier spectra by Fourier-transforming each vibration waveform data into frequency domain data. Comparison section 23
Is composed of a circuit that compares each Fourier spectrum obtained from the conversion unit 22 and obtains Fourier spectrum ratio data. Note that a velocity spectrum was used as the spectrum in the first embodiment.

The monitor 30 displays the trajectory of the fine movement at the measurement point in response to the trajectory data from the trajectory calculator 21. Further, upon receiving the Fourier spectrum ratio data from the comparing unit 23, the relationship between the spectrum ratio and the frequency is displayed. A display example will be described later.

The deformation direction judging device A having such a configuration is provided with an AC
Operated by power supply. In a so-called portable personal computer (notebook personal computer or the like), a small battery can be used.

Next, a deformation direction determining method using the deformation direction determining apparatus A will be described based on the first embodiment. In Example 1, the result of an actual measurement experiment at the site of a viaduct damaged by the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake was used.

Example 1 In a measurement experiment, it was determined which side in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis the viaduct was deformed.

The measurement point c for obtaining the trajectory of the microtremor is located at the center in the width direction immediately below the pier as shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 shows only the lower part of the viaduct B.
The measurement points a and b for obtaining the spectral ratio Fa / Fb are equal to each other from the bridge axis in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (about 1 point from the point c).
0m). In the direction of the bridge axis, lines 1, 2, and 3 were damaged, undamaged, and damaged.

First, at the measurement point c, the pickup PU1
Alternatively, the microtremor in two directions perpendicular to the horizontal direction (the bridge axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis) is always measured using the pickup PU2. Based on the measurement result, the measurement data in both directions is synthesized, and the locus of the fine movement is always drawn on the monitor 30. As a result, FIGS.
Shown in In the figure, the monitor 30 itself is omitted. In the figure, T is the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and L is the bridge axis direction. When looking at FIGS. 5 to 7 respectively, in FIGS. 5 (measuring line 1) and FIG. 7 (measuring line 3), an elongated ellipse is drawn slightly in T (direction perpendicular to the bridge axis), and it can be determined that there is directivity. The major axis direction of the ellipse is the directivity direction. On the other hand, in FIG. 6 (measuring line 2), the shape is substantially circular, and it is determined that there is no directivity. Therefore, the fine movement of the measurement points a and b on the measurement lines 1 to 3 is always measured. In the first embodiment, the two directions perpendicular to the horizontal direction are the bridge axis direction and the bridge axis perpendicular direction, but may be the north-south direction and the east-west direction.

Next, the microtremors of the measurement points a and b on the measurement line 1 and the measurement line 3 are simultaneously measured (the measurement points a and b on the measurement line 2 are not measured). Each data is converted into a spectrum Fa at the measurement point a and a spectrum Fb at the measurement point b, and a spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is obtained and drawn on the monitor 30. FIGS. 8 and 10 show the drawn results.
Shown in In the figure, the vertical axis is the spectrum ratio and the horizontal axis is the frequency. Referring to FIG. 8 (line 1), the spectral ratio Fa / Fb is 1.0 over most of the measured frequency.
Is smaller than. In such a case, it is determined that the viaduct B is deformed to the measurement point b side. Conversely, FIG. 10 (measuring line 3)
, It can be seen that at most of the measured frequency, the spectral ratio Fa
/ Fb is greater than 1.0. In such a case, it is determined that the viaduct B is deformed to the measurement point a side. When the spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is approximately 1.0, it is determined that no deformation occurs on either side, that is, no damage occurs.

FIG. 14 shows the above determination logic. In an actual experiment, measurement points a,
b was measured. As a result, FIG. 9 shows. As shown in FIG. 9, the spectral ratio Fa / Fb was approximately 1.0. This is consistent with the lack of directivity, proving that the above determination is correct.

[0028] The above determination result was consistent with the damage caused by the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake.

As described above, the method and apparatus for judging the deformation direction of a structure according to the first embodiment during an earthquake
According to this, the deformation direction of the structure can be determined.

Therefore, the structure is deformed by the earthquake (inclined
Ground measures, foundation measures or structural measures can be taken rationally and economically so as not to cause collapse.

In addition, data can be easily collected and analyzed repeatedly.

Further, whether or not the structure is deformed can be determined depending on whether the trajectory of the constantly fine movement displayed on the monitor 30 is circular or elliptical, and the spectral ratio is larger or smaller than 1.0. Can be used to determine the deformation direction, so that even a skilled operator can easily determine the deformation direction.

Although the structure is a viaduct in the above embodiment, it can be applied to a building such as a building. For example, when the directivity of the trajectory of the fine movement always appears on a diagonal line in a plan view in a square building in a plan view, measurement is performed in two directions orthogonal to the wall surface, and the larger one of the two spectral ratios is used. Came out 2
The deformation direction may be determined at the measurement point as described above. Cover it,
This is because it is often deformed in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface.

In the above embodiment, the direction is perpendicular to the bridge axis. However, the deformation direction can be determined also in the bridge axis direction. In such a case, it is also possible to arrange the measuring points in the bridge axis direction, and to study with the larger spectral ratio as described above.

For a circular structure, a polygonal structure, or a single foundation structure, the measurement line is developed in a plurality of cross sections,
As described above, it is also possible to study with a larger spectral ratio.

The measurement points for obtaining the spectrum ratio are 2
Although the number of points is four, the number of points may be four (for example, 10 m further from the measurement points a and b) or six.

Although the distance of the measuring point from the structure is 10 m in the above embodiment, it can be set to a suitable distance in the present invention.

The spectral ratio may be Fb / Fa. In such a case, the magnitude of the criterion is reversed.

Further, it is also possible to determine the Fourier spectrum ratio by measuring the fine movement at all times in the vertical direction and use it as a reference for determining the deformation direction in the horizontal direction.

Further, the measuring points a and b can be set on the deformation direction line of the structure.

The measuring points a and b need not be equidistant from the structure. It suffices that the distances are not equal in the physical sense but are approximately equal.

The monitor may be on the side or the top.

Further, the drawing unit and the display unit can be made suitable for practicing the present invention, such as a plotter, instead of a monitor. Also, a plotter or the like can be added together with the monitor.

Further, a hard disk or other storage device for recording data, a writing device for writing on a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, or the like may be provided.

Although the drawing unit and the display unit are the same monitor in the above embodiment, they can be provided separately in the present invention. For example, the drawing unit can be a plotter and the display unit can be a monitor.

Further, the deformation direction judging device can be operated by a battery.

Further, the number, position, shape, etc. of the above-mentioned constituent members are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but can be set to a suitable number, position, shape, etc. for carrying out the present invention.

(Embodiment 2) In the deformation direction determination method according to Embodiment 2, 1.0 is subtracted from the spectral ratio Fa / Fb as shown in Expression 1 and FIG.
For example, if 1 Hz to 10 Hz is integrated and is greater than zero, it is determined to deform to the measurement point a. If it is less than zero, it is determined to deform to the measurement point b.

[0049]

(Equation 1)

Since the actual sampling is performed in the digital domain, the above integral is calculated by the following equation (2) which is a discrete type. As shown in FIG. 12, in Expression 2, Ci is the spectral ratio Fa / Fb at an arbitrary frequency.

[0051]

(Equation 2)

Then, as shown in Equation 3, the integral value (sum)
May be put into the sign function as an argument.

[0053]

(Equation 3)

FIG. 13 shows such a configuration. It is sufficient that the integration unit 23 (integration circuit) for performing integral calculation and the sign determination unit 24 (sign function circuit) in which the sign function is incorporated are incorporated in the arithmetic processing unit 20. Integrates Fourier spectrum ratio data into integration unit 2
3 to obtain integrated value data, and the sign determination unit 24 obtains a sign (positive or negative) from the integrated value data. The operator indicates the sign (+,-) displayed on the monitor 30.
When it is +, it is determined that the structure is deformed to the measurement point a side, and when it is −, it is determined to be deformed to the measurement point b side. In such a case, since the determination can be made simply by the + and-signs, the determination can be made more easily.

(Embodiment 3) In the deformation direction judging method according to Embodiment 3, first, the microtremors of the two measurement points a and b on the side of the structure and the measurement point c of the structure are simultaneously measured. I do.

Next, each data in each time domain obtained by these measurements is converted into frequency domain data, that is, each of the lateral measurement point spectra Fa and Fb and the structure measurement point spectrum F
and c respectively.

Next, each side measurement point spectrum Fa, Fb
And the spectral ratio Fa / of the structure measurement point spectrum Fc
Fc and Fb / Fc are obtained respectively.

These two spectral ratios Fa / Fc, F
It is determined that b / Fc is deformed to have a larger difference from 1.0, and if the values are equal, it is determined that there is no deformation. In addition,
In the present invention, “when the values are equal” also includes the spectral ratio Fa / Fc = Fb / Fc = 1.0.

(Embodiment 2) An embodiment 2 of the deformation direction judging method according to Embodiment 3 will be described. In the second embodiment, the measurement value of the fine movement related to the measurement line 3 is used.

The deformation direction determining apparatus according to the second embodiment is performed using a deformation direction determining apparatus (not shown) having three pickups. This deformation direction judging device has the same configuration as the deformation direction judging device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 except that the number of pickups is three.

FIG. 15 shows the spectrum ratio between the side measurement point spectra Fa and Fb and the structure measurement point spectrum Fc based on the measurement results. Looking at the graph shown in FIG. 15, the spectral ratio Fa / Fc is larger than the spectral ratio Fb / Fc. Therefore, it can be determined that the third embodiment deforms to the measurement point a side.

Also, the microtremor in the horizontal direction of the measurement point of the structure is measured, and it is determined that there is directivity when the trajectory of the microtremor has a substantially elliptical shape. If there is no directivity, and if there is directivity, the spectrum ratio can be obtained.

The spectral ratio is (Fc / F
a, Fc / Fb), (Fa / Fc, Fc / Fb), (F
c / Fa, Fb / Fc). FIGS. 16 to 18 show graphs of the spectrum ratio in such a case. The latter two need to be shown in a logarithmic graph. In the case of the logarithmic graph, it is determined that the shape is deformed to the one having a larger difference (distance) from 1.0, and when the difference is equal, it is determined that the shape is not deformed.

In the above embodiment, the measurement frequency is set to 0.0 Hz to 8.0 Hz. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the measurement can be performed in a suitable band. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. In each figure, the graph showing the spectrum ratio is a logarithmic graph.

[0065]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. Spectral ratio Fa / F
By obtaining b, making a graph, and judging the magnitude by looking at the graph, the deformation direction of the structure can be determined. In addition, the spectrum ratio between each side station spectrum and the structure station spectrum is obtained, and these two spectrum ratios are graphed in relation to the frequency, and the magnitude is determined by looking at the graph. The direction of deformation of the structure can be determined. Therefore, according to the present invention, the deformation direction can be determined, which can be used to reduce damage.

The trajectory and the spectral ratio Fa / F
If the relationship between b and the frequency is displayed on the display unit, the deformation direction can be determined very easily by looking at the display unit.

Further, the presence or absence of directivity can be determined by always looking at the shape of the trajectory of the fine movement, and it can be determined that there is deformation if there is directivity and that there is no deformation if there is no directivity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a deformation direction determination device.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an arithmetic processing unit.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a viaduct lower part showing a measurement point according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual plan view of a viaduct showing measurement points according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a trajectory of a fine movement according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a trajectory of a fine movement according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a trajectory of a fine movement according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a spectrum ratio and a frequency according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a spectrum ratio and a frequency according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a spectrum ratio and a frequency according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing a relationship between a spectrum ratio and a frequency according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the spectrum ratio of FIG. 11 in a discrete form.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an arithmetic processing unit according to another embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a determination logic according to another embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a spectrum ratio and a frequency according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a spectrum ratio and a frequency according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a spectrum ratio and a frequency according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a spectrum ratio and a frequency according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

B. High bridge G. L. Ground surface a, b Measurement point (on the side of the structure) c Measurement point (immediately below the structure) Fa / Fb, C, Ci Spectral ratio Fa / Fc, Fb / Fc, Fc / Fa, Fc / Fb Spectral ratio A Deformation direction judging device PU1, PU2 Pickup (vibration receiving unit) 1, 2, 3 Measurement line 10 Amplifier (amplifying unit) 20 Arithmetic processing unit 21 Locus calculation unit 22 Conversion unit 23 Comparison unit 30 Monitor (drawing unit, display unit)

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A method for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: constantly measuring microtremors at measurement points a and b on the sides of the structure; The data is converted into a spectrum Fa of the measurement point a and a spectrum Fb of the measurement point b, which are frequency domain data, and a spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is determined from these two spectra Fa and Fb. / Fb is graphed in relation to the frequency, and the spectrum ratio Fa is calculated from the graph.
When / Fb is larger than 1.0, the structure is deformed to the measurement point a side, and when / Fb is smaller than 1.0, the structure is determined to be deformed to the measurement point b side, A method for determining a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, wherein it is determined that the structure does not deform when the value is 1.0. 2. A method for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: constantly measuring tremors at measurement points a and b on the sides of the structure; The data is converted into a spectrum Fa of the measurement point a and a spectrum Fb of the measurement point b, which are frequency domain data, and a spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is determined from these two spectra Fa and Fb. If the value obtained by subtracting 1.0 from / Fb is greater than zero, the shape is deformed to the measuring point a. If the value is smaller than zero, the shape is determined to be deformed to the measuring point b. A method for determining the direction of deformation of a structure during an earthquake. 3. A method for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: constantly measuring slight movements of measurement points a and b on the sides of the structure; and measuring points a and b obtained by these measurements. Is converted into a spectrum Fa of the measurement point a and a spectrum Fb of the measurement point b, which are frequency domain data, and a spectrum ratio F is obtained from these two spectra Fa and Fb.
a / Fb was determined, and 1.0 was obtained from the spectral ratio Fa / Fb.
If the sign of the value integrated by subtracting is positive, it is determined that the deformation is to the measuring point a side, if it is negative, it is determined to be deforming to the measuring point b side, and if it is zero, it is determined that it is not deformed. Method for determining the deformation direction of a structure at the time. 4. Prior to obtaining the spectral ratio Fa / Fb, a microtremor in the horizontal direction of the structure is measured, and when the trajectory of the microtremor is substantially elliptical, it is determined that there is directivity. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein it is determined that there is no directivity when forming a substantially circular shape, and the spectrum ratio Fa / Fb is obtained when there is directivity.
A method for determining the direction of structural deformation during an earthquake 5. An apparatus for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: two vibration receiving units capable of separately measuring constantly fine movement of the structure and constantly fine movement of a side of the structure; An amplifying unit for amplifying vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by the vibration receiving unit; and a trajectory for calculating horizontal trajectory data from the amplified vibration waveform data of the structure from the amplifying unit. A calculation unit; a drawing unit that draws a trajectory based on the trajectory data from the trajectory calculation unit; and a conversion that converts each of the vibration waveform data on the sides of the structure into frequency domain data to obtain two spectrum data. And a comparison unit for comparing the respective spectrum data obtained from the conversion unit to obtain spectrum ratio data; and a graph showing a relationship between the spectrum ratio and the frequency from the spectrum ratio data. Characterized by comprising a Shimesuru display unit, the deformation direction determining device of a structure during an earthquake. 6. An apparatus for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: two vibration receiving units capable of separately measuring the constantly fine movement of the structure and the constantly fine movement of a side of the structure; An amplifying unit for amplifying vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by the vibration receiving unit; and a trajectory for calculating horizontal trajectory data from the amplified vibration waveform data of the structure from the amplifying unit. A calculation unit; a drawing unit that draws a trajectory based on the trajectory data from the trajectory calculation unit; and a conversion that converts each of the vibration waveform data on the sides of the structure into frequency domain data to obtain two spectrum data. And a comparing section for comparing the respective spectrum data obtained from the converting section to obtain spectrum ratio data, and integrating a value obtained by subtracting 1.0 from the spectrum ratio data to obtain integrated value data. That an integrating part, is characterized in that a display unit for displaying an integrated value based on the integrated value data from the integrating unit, the deformation direction determining device of a structure during an earthquake. 7. An apparatus for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: two vibration receiving units capable of separately measuring constantly fine movement of the structure and constantly fine movement of a side of the structure; An amplifying unit for amplifying vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by the vibration receiving unit; and a trajectory for calculating horizontal trajectory data from the amplified vibration waveform data of the structure from the amplifying unit. A calculation unit; a drawing unit that draws a trajectory based on the trajectory data from the trajectory calculation unit; and a conversion that converts each of the vibration waveform data on the sides of the structure into frequency domain data to obtain two spectrum data. And a comparing section for comparing the respective spectrum data obtained from the converting section to obtain spectrum ratio data, and integrating a value obtained by subtracting 1.0 from the spectrum ratio data to obtain integrated value data. An integration unit, a sign determination unit that obtains code data from the integrated value data from the integration unit, and a display unit that displays the sign of the integration value indicated by the integration value data from the code data. A device for judging the deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake. 8. A method for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: measuring constantly fine movements of two measurement points a and b on a side of the structure and a measurement point c of the structure; Each data of each time domain obtained by the measurement of, frequency domain data,
Each of the side station spectrums Fa and Fb is converted into a structure station spectrum Fc, and the spectrum ratio Fa / Fc of each of the side station spectrums Fa and Fb and the structure station spectrum Fc is converted. Fb / Fc or Fc / Fa,
Fc / Fb is obtained, and these two spectral ratios Fa / Fc, Fb / Fc, or Fc / Fa, Fc / Fb
Is graphed in relation to the frequency, and when the two spectral ratios Fa / Fc and Fb / Fc are obtained, it is determined that the two are deformed to the measuring point a or b side having the larger spectral ratio. When the ratios Fc / Fa and Fc / Fb are obtained, it is determined that the deformation is made to the measuring point a or b side with a small spectral ratio, and the two spectral ratios Fa / Fc, Fb / Fc, or Fc / Fb are determined. Fa, Fc / F
A method for determining a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, wherein it is determined that no deformation occurs when b is equal. 9. A method for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: measuring two measurement points on the sides of the structure and constantly measuring movements of the measurement points of the structure; Each data in each time domain, which is frequency domain data, each side station spectrum, and converted to a structure station spectrum, respectively, each side station spectrum, and the structure station The spectral ratio with the spectrum is obtained, and these two spectral ratios are logarithmically graphed in relation to the frequency.
A method for judging the deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, wherein it is determined that the structure is deformed in a direction having a larger difference from 1.0, and if the difference is equal, it is determined that the structure is not deformed. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: measuring a microtremor in the horizontal direction of the structure before obtaining the spectrum ratio; determining that the trajectory of the microtremor has a substantially elliptical shape; The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein it is determined that there is no directivity when (1) is performed, and the spectrum ratio is obtained when there is directivity. 11. A device for judging a deformation direction of a structure during an earthquake, comprising: three vibration receiving units capable of simultaneously measuring the microtremor of the structure and the microtremor of the side of the structure at the same time; An amplification unit for amplifying the vibration waveform data in the time domain obtained by the vibration reception unit; and a trajectory calculation for calculating trajectory data in the horizontal direction from the amplified vibration waveform data of the structure from the amplification unit And a drawing unit that draws a trajectory based on the trajectory data from the trajectory calculation unit; and converting the vibration waveform data of the structure to frequency domain data to obtain structure measurement point spectrum data, A conversion unit that converts each of the vibration waveform data on the side into frequency domain data to obtain two side measurement point spectrum data; and the structure measurement point spectrum data obtained from the conversion unit and A comparison unit for comparing each side measurement point spectrum data to obtain two spectrum ratio data, and a display unit for graphically displaying a relationship between the spectrum ratio and the frequency from the spectrum ratio data is provided. Structural deformation direction judging device at the time of earthquake. 12. The trajectory is drawn on the display unit instead of the drawing unit.
Or the deformation direction judging device for a structure at the time of an earthquake according to claim 11.