JPH1026722A - Automatic focusing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic focusing device capable of precisely and quickly executing focusing. SOLUTION: The automatic focusing device is provided with a photographic optical system 1, a first focusing evaluation part 2 for preparing a focusing evaluation value by a hill-climbing system, a second focusing evaluation part 3 for preparing the focusing evaluation value by an image blurring system, a selecting device 4 for selecting at least one of the focusing evaluation values, a motor 5 for moving a focusing lens 11, based on the focusing evaluation value selected by the selecting device 4, a motor driving device 6 and a position detecting device 7. The position detecting device 7 detects the position of an image forming lens 14. The second focusing evaluation part, 3 corrects the positional deviations of images on image pickup element 33a and 33b, with a correction value corresponding to the position of the image forming lens 14 detected by the position detecting device 7, which is obtained from a stored table, to prepare the focusing evaluation value, based on the positional deviations of the corrected images.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camera,
The present invention relates to an autofocus device used for a camera.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there have been two types of autofocus devices as camera autofocus devices. One is generally referred to as a hill-climbing method, and is mainly used as an autofocus device for a video camera. The other is called an image shift method, and is mainly used as an autofocus device for a still camera. Hereinafter, both types of autofocus devices will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, a hill-climbing type autofocus device will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a hill-climbing autofocus device, and FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the level of a high-frequency component of a video signal and a focusing lens.

A hill-climbing auto-focusing device is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the focusing lens 901 and the variable power lens 9
02, an image pickup optical system 90 including a correction lens 903, an aperture 904, and an image forming lens 905; an image pickup device 91 for picking up an image formed by the image pickup optical system 90 and converting the image into an electric signal; A video signal generating device 92 that generates a video signal corresponding to the signal, and information (focus evaluation value) for focusing an image formed on the image sensor 91 based on the video signal from the video signal generating device 92. ) And the focus adjustment lens 9
Motor 9 for moving the optical system 01 in the optical axis direction of the photographing optical system 90
4 and a motor driving device 95 that drives the motor 94 with reference to the focus evaluation value obtained by the focus evaluation device 93.

Next, the operation of the hill-climbing autofocus device will be described. First, the imaging optical system 90 forms an image on the image sensor 91. This image is converted into an electric signal by the image sensor 91, and then converted into a video signal by the video signal creation device 92. This video signal can be considered to be formed by combining sine waves of a plurality of frequencies.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 7, the level of the high frequency component of the video signal increases as the sharpness of the image formed on the image sensor 91 increases.
It is known that it rises sharply as it approaches. In general, when the image on the image sensor 91 is in focus,
It is known that the level of the high frequency component of a video signal reaches a peak. Also, the peak at this level tends to be steeper as the frequency increases. On the other hand, the imaging performance of the lens and the S / N ratio of the video signal become worse as the frequency becomes higher.

In view of the above, the focusing evaluation value creation device 93 converts the video signal obtained by the video signal creation device 92 into an appropriate high-frequency signal in consideration of the imaging performance of the photographing optical system 901 and the S / N ratio of the video signal. A focus evaluation value is created by selecting a component and observing the level of this frequency component at an appropriate sampling interval. For example, when the level of the selected frequency component is increasing, it is evaluated that the focus adjusting lens 901 is moving in a direction approaching the focal point. When the level of the selected frequency component is reduced, it is evaluated that the focus adjusting lens 901 is moving in a direction away from the focal point. Then, the level of the selected frequency component is within a predetermined range from the peak value (for example, FIG.
When ΔV), it is evaluated that the image on the image sensor 91 is in focus.

Next, the motor driving device 95 refers to the focus evaluation value sequentially sent from the focus evaluation creating device 93,
The motor 94 is driven to move the focus adjusting lens 901 to a position determined to be in focus. Thus, in the hill-climbing autofocus device, the focus adjusting lens 9 is used.
The movement of 01 is performed as if climbing a mountain of high frequency components. This is why it is called the climbing ceremony.

The above-mentioned hill-climbing type autofocus device evaluates the focus by using the video signal, so that the image on the image sensor 91 can be accurately focused on the corresponding subject. Further, since the image on the image sensor 91 is focused without providing an element dedicated to distance measurement, it is advantageous in terms of cost. For this reason, it is mainly used as an autofocus device for a video camera.

Next, an image shift type autofocus apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings. 8, 10, and 1
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the principle of an image shift type autofocus device. Here, FIG. 8 shows an optical path in a focused state, and FIGS. 10 and 12 show an optical path in an out-of-focus state. In the drawing, reference numeral 96 denotes an imaging lens that forms a light beam into an image conjugate to the subject, reference numeral 97 denotes a planned focal plane of the imaging lens 96, and reference numeral 98.
Reference numerals a and 98b denote a pair of re-imaging lenses arranged at positions substantially symmetrical with respect to the optical axis of the imaging lens 96 and for re-imaging a part of the light beam imaged by the imaging lens 96.
Reference numerals 99a and 99b denote substantially symmetric positions with respect to the optical axis of the imaging lens 96, and the re-imaging lens 98
a and 98b are line sensors respectively arranged on the planned focal planes.

As shown in FIG. 8, when the light beam passing through the imaging lens 96 is focused on the predetermined focal plane 97, a part of the light beam is transmitted to the line sensor 99a by the re-imaging lenses 98a and 98b. , 99b again. Here, when the image is focused on the expected focal plane 97, the images captured by the two line sensors 99a and 99b are formed at substantially coincident positions on the line sensors as shown in FIG. On the other hand, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 0, when the light beam that has passed through the imaging lens 96 is focused before the expected focal plane 97 (so-called rear focus state), the images captured by the two line sensors 99a and 99b are shown in FIG. A shift as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, when the light beam passing through the imaging lens 96 is focused after the planned focal plane 97 (so-called front focus state), the images captured by the two line sensors 99a and 99b. As shown in FIG. 13, a shift occurs in the direction opposite to the rear focus state.

Therefore, the line sensors 99a, 99b
By detecting the direction and the amount of the shift of the image captured in the above, the moving direction and the moving amount of the focus adjusting lens necessary for focusing on the predetermined focal plane 97 can be calculated. As described above, in the image shift type autofocus device, focusing is performed based on the direction and amount of shift of the images captured by the two line sensors 99a and 99b. This is why it is called the image shift type.

The above-mentioned image shift type auto-focusing apparatus uses the direction and amount of shift of the image taken by the two line sensors 99a and 99b based on the direction and amount of movement of the focusing lens required for focusing. Since the amount is directly calculated, focusing can be performed quickly. For this reason, it is mainly used as an autofocus device for a still camera.

[0014]

However, in the above-mentioned hill-climbing type autofocus apparatus, the focusing evaluation value sequentially sent from the focusing evaluation creating apparatus 93 at a predetermined sampling interval is referred to, and the focusing lens is adjusted. Since the 901 is moved to a position determined to be in focus, there is a problem that it takes time to focus. In particular, the focusing lens 90
When the position 1 is far away from the focal point (so-called blur), as shown in FIG. 7, the level of the high-frequency component of the video signal hardly changes even when the focusing lens 901 is moved. In consideration of noise and the like included in the components, evaluation by the focus evaluation value creating device 93 becomes difficult. For this reason, the time required for focusing may be extremely long.

The problem that it takes a long time for focusing is, for example, that the above-mentioned hill-climbing autofocus device is
When used in a V-camera, there is a possibility that a momentary shooting chance may be missed in news coverage or the like.

In this regard, the above-described image shift type autofocus apparatus can quickly perform focusing as described above. However, when the above-described image shift type autofocus device is used for a video camera, it is necessary to split a light beam from an imaging optical system that forms an image on the imaging device and form an image at a position different from the imaging device surface. There is. For this reason, it is necessary to evaluate whether or not the image on the image sensor is in focus using an image formed at a position different from the image sensor surface. There is. In particular, when exchanging the lens barrel attached to the video camera body, the imaging lens of the lens barrel is moved in the optical axis direction of the lens barrel, and the expected focal plane of the lens barrel is changed to the image sensor of the video camera body. It is necessary to perform so-called tracking adjustment, that is, to match the plane. When the tracking adjustment is performed, a shift occurs in an optical positional relationship between the imaging element surface of the video camera body and the scheduled focal plane 97 for focusing evaluation, so that focusing accuracy is reduced.

The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an autofocus device capable of performing focusing with high accuracy and speed.

[0018]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an auto-focusing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a movably provided focusing lens and a subject incident on the focusing lens. A photographing optical system having at least a movable imaging lens that forms light from the camera, and a focus for focusing an image formed on a predetermined plane by the photographing optical system on the subject. A plurality of focus evaluation means for creating information, a position detection means for detecting position information of the imaging lens, and the focus information created by at least one of the plurality of focus evaluation means, Correction means for correcting based on the position information detected by the position detection means, selection means for selecting at least one focus evaluation means from among the plurality of focus evaluation means, and selection means selected by the selection means Moving means for moving the focus adjusting lens based on the focus information created by the focus evaluation means, or, if the focus information has been corrected by the correction means, based on the corrected focus information; And characterized in that:

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an autofocus apparatus comprising: a movable focus adjusting lens; a spectral element for splitting light from a subject incident on the focus adjusting lens; A first imaging lens movably provided to image one of the split light beams,
A second imaging lens that forms an image of the other light separated by the light separating element, and a photographing optical system having at least
A first focusing evaluation unit that creates focusing information for focusing the image on the subject on a first plane based on the image obtained by the first imaging lens; and Information detection means for detecting information for focusing an image obtained by the second imaging lens on the subject on a second plane, and position detection means for detecting position information of the first imaging lens And the position detection obtained from a relationship between the position of the first imaging lens and the information detected by the information detecting means when the image on the first plane is focused on the subject. Correction means for correcting the information detected by the information detection means, based on information corresponding to the position information of the first imaging lens detected by the means, based on the information corrected by the correction means, The image obtained by the first imaging lens on the first plane An information creating unit that creates focus information for focusing on the subject, a second focus evaluation unit, and the first focus evaluation unit and the second focus evaluation unit. A selecting unit that selects at least one of them, and a moving unit that moves the focusing lens based on focusing information created by the focusing evaluation unit selected by the selecting unit. Is what you do.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an autofocus apparatus comprising: a focus adjusting lens movably provided; a spectral element for splitting light from a subject incident on the focus adjusting lens; A first imaging lens movably provided to image one of the split light beams,
A second imaging lens that forms an image of the other light separated by the light separating element, and a photographing optical system having at least
A first image sensor that captures an image obtained by the first imaging lens and converts the image into an electric signal, and a level of an appropriate frequency component from the electric signal obtained by the first image sensor. Level detection means for detecting, and first information for creating focus information for focusing an image on the first image sensor on the subject based on the level of the frequency component detected by the level detection means A focusing unit having a first focusing evaluation unit, and a light beam that passes through different places of the pupil among light beams forming an image formed by the second imaging lens. An imaging optical system, a second imaging device that captures an image obtained by the re-imaging optical system, a displacement detection unit that detects an imaging displacement on the second imaging device, Position detection to detect position information of one imaging lens A step, a position of the first imaging lens, and an imaging position shift detected by the position shift detecting unit when an image on the first image sensor is focused on the subject. A correction unit configured to correct the imaging position shift detected by the information detection unit based on an imaging position shift corresponding to the position information of the first imaging lens detected by the position detection unit; A second information creating unit that creates focusing information for focusing an image on the first image sensor on the subject based on the corrected imaging position shift. Unit, a selection unit for selecting at least one of the first focus evaluation unit and the second focus evaluation unit, and focus information created by the focus evaluation unit selected by the selection unit Moving the focusing lens based on It is characterized in that it comprises a moving means.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an autofocus apparatus comprising: a focus adjusting lens movably provided; a spectral element for splitting light from a subject incident on the focus adjusting lens; A first imaging lens movably provided to image one of the split light beams,
An imaging optical system having at least a second imaging lens movably provided for imaging the other light split by the spectral element, and an image obtained by the first imaging lens. A first image sensor that converts the signal into an electric signal, a level detector that detects a level of an appropriate frequency component from the electric signal obtained by the first image sensor, and a level detector that detects the level of the appropriate frequency component. A first focus evaluation unit having first information creating means for creating focus information for focusing the image on the first image sensor on the subject based on the level of the frequency component; and A re-imaging optical system for re-imaging light beams passing through different locations of the pupil among light beams forming an image formed by the second imaging lens; and a re-imaging optical system. Second imaging element for capturing the captured image A position shift detecting unit for detecting a position shift of an image pickup on the second image sensor, a position detecting unit for detecting position information of the first imaging lens, and an image on the first image sensor. Determined from the relationship between the position of the first imaging lens and the position of the second imaging lens such that the imaging position value shift on the second imaging element disappears when focused, Correction means for correcting the position of the second imaging lens based on position information of the second imaging lens corresponding to position information of the first imaging lens detected by position detection means, A second information creating unit that creates focusing information for focusing an image on the first image sensor on the subject based on the imaging position shift detected by the position detecting unit. A focus evaluation unit, the first focus evaluation unit and the second focus evaluation And a moving unit that moves the focus adjusting lens based on the focusing information created by the focusing evaluation unit selected by the selecting unit. It is characterized by the following.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, the selecting section is configured to determine the first combination if the imaging position shift detected by the position shift detecting means is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value. The focus evaluation unit is selected, and when the focus evaluation unit is larger than the predetermined value, the second focus evaluation unit is selected.

According to the present invention, there are provided a plurality of focus evaluation means for creating focus information for focusing an image formed on a predetermined plane by a photographing optical system on a subject. , At least one focus evaluation unit is selected by the selection unit, and the focus adjustment lens is moved based on the focus information created by the selected focus evaluation unit. Therefore, according to the present invention, for example, a hill-climbing type focus evaluation means and an image shift type focus evaluation means described in the related art are provided as focus evaluation means. The image on the predetermined plane is roughly focused using the focusing information of the means, and then the image on the predetermined plane is selected to be finely focused using the focusing information of the hill-climbing focusing evaluation means. By setting the means, focusing can be performed accurately and quickly.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a position detecting means for detecting position information of an imaging lens, and a focusing evaluation means to be corrected based on the position information of the imaging lens detected by the position detecting means. Correction means for correcting the obtained focusing information. For this reason, for example, as one of a plurality of focus evaluation means, an imaging optical system for forming an image on an imaging surface of a camera body like an image shift type focus evaluation means described in the related art. Even if a method is used in which a light beam is branched to form an image at a position different from the imaging surface and the image on the imaging surface is used to evaluate whether or not the image on the imaging surface is in focus, The position information of the image lens is detected, and a deviation of an optical positional relationship between an imaging surface of the camera body and a surface on which an image for focus evaluation is formed is obtained from the position information, and the obtained deviation is corrected by a correction value. By correcting the focusing information of the corresponding focusing evaluation means, it is possible to prevent a reduction in focusing accuracy when the focusing evaluation means is used.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an autofocus apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the autofocus apparatus shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the first focus evaluation unit shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the second focus evaluation unit shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the autofocus apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a photographing optical system 1, a first focus evaluation unit 2, a second focus evaluation unit 3, and a focus method selection device 4. When,
A motor 5, a motor driving device 6, a position detecting device 7,
It has. When the autofocus apparatus of the present embodiment is used for a video camera or the like, it is general that the photographing optical system 1 and the motor 5 are provided on the lens barrel side and other components are provided on the camera body side. However, it is not limited to this configuration.

The photographing optical system 1 includes a focusing lens 11,
Magnifying lens 12, correction lens 13, and imaging lens 1
4 groups. This configuration is common as a lens barrel for a TV camera. In the photographing optical system 1 used in the present embodiment, the correction lens 13 and the imaging lens 1
4, a light-splitting element (for example, a beam splitter) 15 for splitting a light beam and a stop 16 are inserted. still,
In the present embodiment, the spectroscopic element 15 is disposed in front of the stop 16 so that light can be transmitted to the second focus evaluation unit 3 regardless of the aperture amount of the aperture stop of the imaging optical system 1. ing.

The position detecting device 7 detects information for specifying the position of the imaging lens 14.

The first focus evaluation section 2 evaluates focus using a so-called hill-climbing method. The first focus evaluation unit 2
An imaging element 21 that captures an image formed by the imaging lens 14 of the imaging optical system 1 and converts the image into an electric signal; a video signal generation device 22 that generates a video signal corresponding to the electric signal from the imaging element 21; A focusing evaluation value creating device 23 that creates focusing information (hereinafter, also referred to as a first focusing evaluation value) for focusing an image on the image sensor 21 based on the video signal from the video signal creating device 22; It has. The focus evaluation value creation device 23 checks the level detected by the level detection unit 23a that detects the level of an appropriate frequency component selected from the video signal created by the video signal creation device 22, and the level detected by the level detection unit 23a. Evaluation value creation unit 2 for creating the first focus evaluation value
3b. The electric signal output from the image sensor 21 is also used to generate a video signal of a video camera as shown in FIG.

The second focus evaluation section 3 evaluates focus using a so-called image shift formula. The second focus evaluation unit 3
A mirror 31 for reflecting a light beam split by the light-splitting element 15 of the photographing optical system 1 in a predetermined direction, an imaging lens 32 for forming light from a subject incident via the mirror 31 into a conjugate image, Re-imaging lenses 33a, 33b for re-imaging a part of the light beam formed by the image lens 32
And line sensors 34a and 34b that respectively capture images formed by the re-imaging lenses 33a and 33b and convert the images into electric signals, an image processing device 35, and a focus evaluation value creating device 36. I have.

The re-imaging lenses 33a and 33b are arranged at substantially symmetric positions with respect to the optical axis of the imaging lens 32.
In other words, the re-imaging lenses 33a and 33b are provided with the focusing lens 11, the variable power lens 12, the correction lens 13, and the light beam forming the image formed by the imaging lens 32.
The light beams passing through different places of the pupil of the optical system including the imaging lens 32 are arranged so as to be re-imaged. The line sensors 34a and 34b are arranged at positions substantially symmetrical with respect to the optical axis of the imaging lens 32 and on the predetermined focal plane of the corresponding re-imaging lenses 33a and 33b. The image processing device 35 includes line sensors 34a and 34b
Performs image processing based on the electric signals sent from the respective devices. The focus evaluation value creation device 36 includes an image processing device 35
(Hereinafter, also referred to as a second focus evaluation value) for focusing an image on the image sensor 21 based on the signal sent from the camera. The focus evaluation value creation device 36
5 based on the signal from No. 5, the imaging position shift (shift direction and shift amount) between the image on the image sensor 34a and the image on the image sensor 34b.
Misalignment detection unit 36a for detecting misalignment, and misalignment detection unit 3
Correction unit 36b for correcting the imaging position deviation detected in 6a
And an evaluation value creation unit 36c that creates a second focus evaluation value based on the imaging position shift corrected by the correction unit 36b.

The correction section 36b has a table showing the relationship between the position of the imaging lens 14 and the imaging position shift detected by the position shift detecting section 36a when the image on the image sensor 21 is focused on the subject. It is remembered. The correction unit 36b is configured to detect the imaging lens 14 detected by the position detection device 7 from the table.
The imaging position deviation corresponding to the position information is obtained, and the imaging position deviation detected by the position deviation detection unit 36a is corrected using the obtained imaging position deviation as a correction value.

The focusing method selecting device 4 includes a first focusing evaluation section 2
At least one of the first focus evaluation value created by the second focus evaluation value and the second focus evaluation value created by the second focus evaluation unit 3 is selected.
In the present embodiment, first, the second focus evaluation value is selected by referring to the second focus evaluation value when the amount of defocus or the amount of movement of the focus adjustment lens 11 required for focusing is larger than a threshold value. When it is smaller, the first focus evaluation value is set to be selected. Note that the threshold may be arbitrarily set by a photographer or the like by an external input or the like.

The motor driving device 6 includes the focusing method selecting device 4
The motor 5 is driven based on the focus evaluation value selected in. The motor 5 moves the focus adjusting lens 11 back and forth in the optical axis direction of the photographing optical system 1 based on a command from the motor driving device 6.

The focusing evaluation creating devices 23 and 36 and the focusing method selecting device 4 are integrally formed by, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit).

Next, the operation of the autofocus device according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, the operation of the entire autofocus apparatus of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

First, when light from a subject enters the photographing optical system 1, the first focus evaluation section 2 performs a second focusing based on the light obtained through the imaging lens 14 in the photographing optical system 1. Create one focus evaluation value. The second focus evaluation unit 3 creates a second focus evaluation value based on the light separated by the spectroscopic element 15 in the imaging optical system 1 (step 201).

Next, the focusing method selection device 4 determines whether or not the first focus evaluation value indicates that focus has been achieved (step 202). If the first focus evaluation value indicates that focus is achieved, the flow illustrated in FIG.
If it does not indicate that the subject is in focus, step 203
Move to.

In step 203, the focusing method selecting device 4
However, referring to the second focus evaluation value, it is determined whether the amount of defocus or the amount of movement of the focus adjustment lens 11 necessary for focusing is equal to or smaller than a threshold value. If the amount of movement of the focus adjusting lens 11 required for focusing is equal to or less than the threshold, the first focus evaluation value created by the first focus evaluation unit 2 is selected (step 204). On the other hand, if it is larger than the threshold value, the second focus evaluation value selected by the second focus evaluation unit 3 is selected (step 205).

Next, the motor drive device 6 drives the motor 5 based on the focus evaluation value selected by the focus method selection device 4 (step 206). When the second focus evaluation value is selected by the focus method selection device 4, the motor drive device 6
The motor 5 is moved so that the focus driving lens 11 is moved by the moving direction and the moving amount indicated by the selected second focus evaluation value.
Drive. When the first focusing evaluation value is selected by the focusing method selection device 4, when the focus adjustment lens 11 is evaluated to be moving in a direction approaching the focal point, the rotation direction of the motor 5 is used. Is driven to maintain as it is. When it is evaluated that the focus adjusting lens 11 is moving away from the focal point, the motor 5 is driven to reverse the rotation direction.

The flow shown in FIG. 2 is repeated until the content of the first focus evaluation value is evaluated as being in focus. Thus, the image on the image sensor 21 is focused.

Next, the operation of the first focus evaluation section 2 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the video signal generating device 22 converts an image formed on the image sensor 21 by the photographing optical system 1 into a video signal (step 301). The video signal can be regarded as being formed by combining sine waves of a plurality of frequencies as described in the related art. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the level of the high-frequency component of the video signal increases sharply as the sharpness of the image formed on the image sensor 21 increases, that is, as the focus adjustment lens 11 approaches the focal point A. And
It is known that the peak reaches when the image on the image sensor 21 is in focus. Therefore, the focusing evaluation value creation device 23 uses the level detection means 23a to select an appropriate value selected from the video signal of the video signal creation device 22 in consideration of the imaging performance of the imaging optical system 1 and the S / N ratio of the video signal. At the predetermined sampling interval (step 3).
02), the first focus evaluation value is created by observing a change in the detected level by the evaluation value creation unit 23b (step 303). For example, when the level of the selected frequency component is rising, the focusing lens 11
Is evaluated as moving in a direction approaching the focal point.
When the level of the selected frequency component is reduced, it is evaluated that the focus adjusting lens 11 is moving in a direction away from the focal point. When the level of the selected frequency component is within a predetermined range (for example, ΔV in FIG. 7) from the peak value, it is evaluated that the image on the image sensor 21 is in focus.

The flow shown in FIG. 3 is repeatedly performed at predetermined time intervals in consideration of the processing speed and the like in the video signal generating device 22.

Next, the operation of the second focus evaluation section 3 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the displacement detection unit 36a detects the line sensor 3 based on the signal sent from the image processing unit 35.
The shift direction and amount of the images captured in 4a and 34b are detected (step 401). As described in the related art, when the light beam that has passed through the imaging lens 32 is focused on the predetermined focal plane 37, a part of the light beam is re-imaged by the re-imaging lens 33a.
An image is formed again on the line sensors 34a and 34b by 33b. Therefore, when the image is focused on the planned focal plane 37, the images captured by the two line sensors 33a and 33b are formed at substantially coincident positions on the line sensors. On the other hand, when the light beam that has passed through the imaging lens 32 is focused before the scheduled focal plane 37 (a so-called rear focus state), the images captured by the two line sensors 34a and 34b are shifted. When the light beam that has passed through the imaging lens 32 is focused after the planned focal plane 37 (a so-called front focus state),
The images captured by the two line sensors 34a and 34b are displaced in the direction opposite to the rear focus state. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate how far the image on the expected focal plane 37 is away from the focal point based on the shift direction and the amount of the image captured by the line sensors 34a and 34b.

Next, the correction unit 36b obtains an imaging position shift corresponding to the position information of the imaging lens 14 detected by the position detection device 7 from the stored table (step 402).
The imaging position deviation detected by the position deviation detection unit 36a is corrected using the obtained imaging position deviation as a correction value (step 403). The reason why the imaging position shift detected by the position shift detecting unit 36a is corrected based on the position information of the imaging lens 14 is as follows.

When the optical position of the planned focal plane 37 matches the optical position of the image sensor 21 of the first focus evaluation unit 2, that is, when the image on the planned focal plane 37 is focused, When the image is in focus, it is possible to directly evaluate whether or not the image on the image sensor 21 is in focus, based on the direction and amount of the image shift detected by the position shift detection unit 36a. However, if the imaging lens 14 moves due to tracking adjustment or the like and the optical position between the planned focal plane 37 and the image sensor 21 shifts, when the image on the planned focal plane 37 is in focus, The image on 21 is out of focus. For this reason, if it is directly evaluated whether or not the image on the image sensor 21 is in focus based on the shift direction and amount of the image detected by the position shift detection unit 36a, the accuracy of the focus is reduced. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the correction unit 36b determines the relationship between the position of the imaging lens 14 and the imaging position shift detected by the position shift detection unit 36a when the image on the image sensor 21 is focused on the subject. And stores a position detection device 7 from the table.
The imaging position deviation corresponding to the positional information of the imaging lens 14 detected in step (1) is detected, and the imaging position deviation detected by the position deviation detection unit 36a is corrected using the detected imaging position deviation as a correction value.

Next, the evaluation value creation unit 36c
A second direction indicating the moving direction and the moving amount of the focus adjustment lens 11 necessary for focusing the image on the image sensor 21 on the subject based on the position shift direction and the shift amount of the imaging position shift corrected in b. A focus evaluation value is created (step 404).

The flow shown in FIG.
The processing is repeated every predetermined time in consideration of the processing speed and the like in step 5.

In this embodiment, the first focus evaluation section 2 creates a first focus evaluation value using a so-called hill-climbing formula, and the second focus evaluation section 3 generates a second focus evaluation value using a so-called image shift formula. Create a focus evaluation value. When the second focus evaluation value created by the second focus evaluation unit 3 is larger than the threshold value, the focusing method selection device 4 selects the second focus evaluation value. At this time, the first focus evaluation value is selected. Then, based on the focus evaluation value selected by the focus method selection device 4, the motor drive device 6
The motor 5 is driven to move the focusing lens 11. Thereby, first, the image on the image sensor 21 is roughly focused using the second focus evaluation value, and then the image on the image sensor 21 is finely focused using the first focus evaluation value. I have. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, an image on the image sensor 21 can be accurately and quickly focused. In addition, the second focus evaluation unit 3 using the image shift formula does not require high accuracy, so that an increase in cost can be suppressed.

Further, in this embodiment, when the position of the imaging lens 14 and the image on the image pickup device 21 stored in the correction unit 36b are focused on the subject, the image pickup detected by the displacement detection unit 36a An imaging position shift corresponding to the position information of the imaging lens 14 detected by the position detection device 7 is detected from a table indicating a relationship with the position shift, and the detected imaging position shift is set as a correction value, and the position shift detection unit 36a Is corrected. For this reason, for example, the imaging lens 14 moves due to tracking adjustment, and the predetermined focal plane 3
Even when the optical position of the imaging device 21 is shifted from the optical position of the imaging device 21 and the image on the scheduled focal plane 37 is not focused, the image on the imaging device 21 is not focused. It is possible to prevent the focus accuracy from lowering.

In the present embodiment, since the image on the image sensor 21 is finally focused using the first focus evaluation value, the focusing accuracy of the second focus evaluation value decreases. However, the final focusing accuracy of the image on the image sensor 21 does not change. However, when the focusing accuracy of the second focus evaluation value is reduced, the focusing operation time using the first focus evaluation value created by the first focus evaluation unit 2 is correspondingly increased, and as a result, In addition, the time required for focusing the image on the image sensor 21 becomes longer. In this regard, according to the present embodiment, as described above, it is possible to prevent the focusing accuracy of the second focus evaluation value from being reduced, and therefore, by performing tracking adjustment or the like, the scheduled focal plane 37 and the image sensor 2
Even if the optical position of the image sensor 1 is shifted,
It is possible to quickly and accurately focus the image on the first image.

Further, in this embodiment, the line sensor 3
The focal length of the optical system for forming an image for detecting an image shift on the reference numerals 4a and 34b is the focal length adjustment lens 11, the variable power lens 12,
This is a composite focal length of the correction lens 13 and the imaging lens 32. On the other hand, the focal length of the optical system that forms an image for a video signal on the image sensor 21 is the combined focal length of the focusing lens 11, the variable power lens 12, the correction lens 13, and the imaging lens 14. Therefore, by changing the configuration of the imaging lens 14 and the imaging lens 32, the focal length between the optical system for forming an image for detecting an image shift and the optical system for forming an image for a video signal is changed. The size of the image formed by the optical system can be changed. For example, by increasing the focal length of the optical system that forms an image for detecting an image shift and configuring the imaging lens 32 so that the image for detecting the image shift is enlarged, the line sensors 34a, 3
Since the pixel pitch of 4b is relatively fine, it is possible to focus on a fine subject. Also, for example,
The focal length of an optical system for forming an image for detecting an image shift is reduced so that the image forming lens 3 is formed so that the image for detecting an image shift is reduced.
2, the line sensor 34 of this image
Since the size with respect to a and 34b is relatively small,
The detectable image shift amount increases. Thereby, even when the position of the focusing lens is far from the focal point (so-called blur), the focal point can be detected quickly. Further, the size of the device can be reduced.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an autofocus device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment of the present invention, components having the same functions as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 shows an auto-focusing apparatus according to this embodiment.
Are different from the autofocus device of the first embodiment in that a second focus evaluation unit 3a is provided instead of the second focus evaluation unit 3, and a motor 8 and a motor drive device 9 are provided. It is.

The second focusing evaluation section 3a is provided with a point that an imaging lens 32a that forms light from a subject incident via the mirror 31 into a conjugate image is provided so as to be movable in the optical axis direction; It differs from the second focus evaluation unit 3 shown in FIG. 1 in that the focus evaluation value creation device 38 is not provided with the correction unit 36b. The focus evaluation value creation device 38 includes an evaluation value creation unit 36c.
Creates the second focus evaluation value based on the shift direction and the shift amount of the imaging position shift detected by the position shift detection unit 36a.

The motor driving device 9 has a table showing the relationship between the position of the imaging lens 14 and the position of the imaging lens 32a so that the image on the image sensor 21 and the image on the predetermined focal plane 37 become conjugate. Is stored. The motor driving device 9 is provided with the imaging lens 1 detected by the position detecting device 7 from the table.
The position of the imaging lens 32a corresponding to the position information of No. 4 is obtained, and the imaging lens 32a is located at the obtained position.
The motor 8 is driven. In the case where the relationship between the position of the imaging lens 14 and the position of the imaging lens 32a for making the image on the image sensor 21 and the image on the expected focal plane 37 conjugate can be expressed by an equation, The position of the imaging lens 32a corresponding to the position information of the imaging lens 14 detected by the position detection device 7 may be obtained by using this formula instead of using the above table.

The motor 8 moves the imaging lens 32a in the optical axis direction of the imaging lens 32a based on a command from the motor driving device 9.

In this embodiment, the position of the image forming lens 14 and the position of the image forming lens 32a for making the image on the image sensor 21 and the image on the expected focal plane 37 stored in the motor driving device 9 conjugate. From the table showing the relationship with the position, the position of the imaging lens 32a corresponding to the position information of the imaging lens 14 detected by the position detection device 7 is detected, and the imaging lens 32a comes to the detected position. The imaging lens 32a is being moved. For this reason, even if the imaging lens 14 moves due to, for example, tracking adjustment, it is possible to prevent the optical position between the planned focal plane 37 and the image pickup device 21 from being shifted, whereby the second focus evaluation value is obtained. Can be prevented from lowering the focusing accuracy. Other effects are the same as those of the first embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention. For example, in each of the above embodiments, a hill-climbing first focus evaluation unit and an image shift type second focus evaluation unit are provided.
Although the focus evaluation value created by the second focus evaluation unit is corrected, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention relates to a plurality of focus evaluation units for creating a focus evaluation value for focusing an image formed on a predetermined plane by a shooting optical system on a subject, and positional information of an imaging lens of the shooting optical system. A position detection unit to be detected, a correction unit that corrects the focus information created by at least one of these focus evaluation units based on the position information of the imaging lens detected by the position detection unit, What is necessary is just to have the following.

Further, the autofocus device of the above embodiment can be used not only for a video camera but also for other cameras such as an electronic still camera.

[0066]

As described above, according to the present invention,
For example, a hill-climbing type focus evaluation unit and an image shift type focus evaluation unit are provided as focus evaluation units. First, an image on a predetermined plane is obtained using the focus information of the image shift type focus evaluation unit. The focus is roughly adjusted, and then the focusing unit is set to finely focus an image on a predetermined plane using the focusing information of the hill-climbing focusing evaluation unit, thereby achieving accurate and quick focusing. It can be performed.

As one of the plurality of focus evaluation means, a light beam is branched from an imaging optical system such as an image shift type focus evaluation means for forming an image on the imaging surface of the camera body. Even when using a method of forming an image at a position different from the imaging surface and evaluating whether or not an image on the imaging surface is in focus using the image, the position information of the imaging lens can be obtained. Detects and calculates a shift in the optical positional relationship between the imaging surface of the camera body and the surface on which an image for focus evaluation is formed from the position information, and uses the obtained shift as a correction value to determine a focus evaluation corresponding to the shift. By correcting the focusing information of the means, it is possible to prevent a decrease in focusing accuracy when the focusing evaluation means is used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an autofocus device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the autofocus device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a first focus evaluation unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a second focus evaluation unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an autofocus device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a hill-climbing autofocus device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between a level of a high-frequency component of a video signal and a focusing lens.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the principle of an image shift type autofocus device, and is a diagram illustrating an optical path in a focused state.

FIG. 9 shows two line sensors 99a, 9 in FIG.
FIG. 9B is a diagram for explaining the position of the image captured by 9b.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the principle of an image shift type autofocus device, and is a diagram illustrating an optical path when the subject is out of focus.

FIG. 11 shows two line sensors 99 in FIG.
It is a figure for explaining the position of the image which a and 99b image.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the principle of an image shift type autofocus device, and is a diagram illustrating an optical path when the subject is out of focus.

FIG. 13 shows two line sensors 99 in FIG.
It is a figure for explaining the position of the image which a and 99b image.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 photographing optical system 2 first focus evaluation unit 3, 3 a second focus evaluation unit 4 focus method selection device 5, 8 motor 6, 9 motor drive device 7 position detection device 11 focus adjustment lens 12 variable power lens 13 Correction lens 14, 32, 32a Imaging lens 15 Spectral element 16 Aperture 21 Image sensor 22 Image signal generator 23, 36, 38 Focus evaluation generator 23a Level detector 23b Evaluation value generator 31 Mirror 33a, 33b Re-image Lenses 34a, 34b Line sensor 35 Image processing device 36a Position shift detection unit 36b Correction unit 36c Evaluation value creation unit 37 Planned focal plane

Claims (5)

[Claims] An imaging optical system having at least a movable focusing lens and a movable imaging lens configured to focus light from a subject incident on the focusing lens. A plurality of focus evaluation means for creating focus information for focusing an image formed on a predetermined plane on the subject by the photographing optical system; and a position detection for detecting position information of the imaging lens. Means, correction means for correcting the focus information created by at least one of the plurality of focus evaluation means based on the position information detected by the position detection means, and the plurality of focus evaluation means Selecting means for selecting at least one focus evaluating means from among the focus information generated by the focus evaluating means selected by the selecting means, or the focus information is corrected by the correcting means. And if based on the corrected focusing information, autofocus apparatus characterized by comprising: a moving means for moving the focusing lens. 2. A focusing lens movably provided, a spectroscopic element for dispersing light from a subject incident on the focusing lens, and one of the lights separated by the spectroscopic element to form an image. An imaging optical system having at least a first imaging lens movably provided, and a second imaging lens for imaging the other light split by the spectral element, and the first imaging Based on an image obtained by a lens, a first focus evaluation unit that creates focus information for focusing the image on the subject on a first plane, and the second imaging lens Information detecting means for detecting information for focusing the obtained image on the subject on a second plane, position detecting means for detecting position information of the first imaging lens, and the first The position of the imaging lens and the image on the first plane are Based on information corresponding to the position information of the first imaging lens detected by the position detection means, obtained from the relationship with the information detected by the information detection means when focused on the body, Correction means for correcting the information detected by the information detection means, based on the information corrected by the correction means, the image obtained by the first imaging lens on the subject on the first plane on the first plane A second focus evaluation unit having information creation means for creating focus information for focusing, and at least one of the first focus evaluation unit and the second focus evaluation unit An autofocus, comprising: a selection unit for selecting; and a moving unit for moving the focus adjustment lens based on the focus information created by the focus evaluation unit selected by the selection unit. apparatus. 3. A focus adjusting lens movably provided, a spectroscopic element for dispersing light from a subject incident on the focus adjusting lens, and an image of one of the lights separated by the spectroscopic element. An imaging optical system having at least a first imaging lens movably provided, and a second imaging lens for imaging the other light split by the spectral element, and the first imaging A first image sensor that captures an image obtained by the lens and converts the image into an electric signal, and a level detection unit that detects a level of an appropriate frequency component from the electric signal obtained by the first image sensor. And first information creating means for creating focusing information for focusing an image on the first image sensor on the subject based on the level of the frequency component detected by the level detecting means. First focus evaluation A re-imaging optical system for re-imaging light beams passing through different places of the pupil among light beams forming an image formed by the second imaging lens, and the re-imaging optical system A second image sensor that captures an image obtained by the above, a position shift detecting unit that detects an image position shift on the second image sensor, and a position that detects position information of the first imaging lens. From the relationship between the position of the first imaging lens and the imaging position shift detected by the position shift detecting unit when the image on the first image sensor is focused on the subject. Based on the obtained imaging position shift corresponding to the position information of the first imaging lens detected by the position detection unit,
Correction means for correcting the imaging position shift detected by the information detection means; and a focus for focusing an image on the first image sensor to the subject based on the imaging position shift corrected by the correction means. A second focus evaluation unit having second information generation means for generating focus information; and a selection for selecting at least one of the first focus evaluation unit and the second focus evaluation unit. An autofocus device, comprising: a unit; and a moving unit configured to move the focus adjusting lens based on focus information created by the focus evaluation unit selected by the selection unit. 4. A focusing lens movably provided, a spectroscopic element for dispersing light from a subject incident on the focusing lens, and an image of one of the lights separated by the dispersing element. An imaging optical system having at least a first imaging lens movably provided, and a second imaging lens movably provided to image the other light split by the spectral element, A first image sensor that captures an image obtained by the first imaging lens and converts the image into an electric signal, and a level of an appropriate frequency component from the electric signal obtained by the first image sensor. Level detection means for detecting, and first information for creating focusing information for focusing an image on the first image sensor to the subject based on the level of the frequency component detected by the level detecting means Creation means and A first focusing evaluation unit having, among the light fluxes forming the image formed by the second imaging lens, a re-imaging optical system for re-imaging light fluxes passing through different locations of the pupil, A second imaging device that captures an image obtained by the re-imaging optical system, a displacement detection unit that detects an imaging displacement on the second imaging device, and the first imaging lens Position detection means for detecting the position information of the first imaging lens, and the first imaging lens such that when the image on the first imaging element is focused, the imaging position value shift on the second imaging element is eliminated Calculated from the relationship between the position of the second imaging lens and the position of the second imaging lens, the position information of the second imaging lens corresponding to the position information of the first imaging lens detected by the position detection means. Correction means for correcting the position of the second imaging lens based on the Second information creating means for creating focusing information for focusing an image on the first image sensor on the subject based on the imaging position shift detected by the output means. A focus evaluation unit; a selection unit that selects at least one of the first focus evaluation unit and the second focus evaluation unit; and a focus created by the focus evaluation unit selected by the selection unit. An autofocusing device, comprising: moving means for moving the focus adjusting lens based on focus information. 5. The selection unit selects the first focus evaluation unit when the imaging position deviation detected by the position deviation detection unit is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value, and selects the first focus evaluation unit when the imaging position deviation is larger than the predetermined value. 5. The auto-focusing device according to claim 3, wherein the two focusing evaluation units are selected.