JPH10265785A - Installation for gasifying coal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coal-gasifying installation shortened in startup time, improved in restartup ability and reduced in heat loss by movably or detachably disposing a gasification oven-heating burner upwardly producing a flame in a combustion chamber disposed between the gasification oven and a cooling water hopper. SOLUTION: A gasification burner 7 for a gasification oven 1 is disposed in combustion chamber 2 placed between the gasification oven 1 for partially burning coal and a carbonaceous solid with an oxidizing agent to gasify the raw materials and converting ash into a melted slag and a cooling water hopper 3 for granulating the melted slag flowed down from the gasification oven 1 with water. A combustion flame from the burner 7 is upwardly blown out to heat a slag tap 5 and the gasification oven 1 on the startup of the coal-gasifying installation, and the burner 7 is movably or detachably disposed so as to be not exposed to the melted slag flowed down from the gasification oven 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coal gasification facility for heating coal and carbonaceous solids for pyrolysis.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to gasify pulverized coal and other carbonaceous solids by pyrolysis, collect the gas, and use it as an energy source, equipment for coal gasification has conventionally been used. In this facility, raw materials such as pulverized coal are charged into a gasification furnace, supplied with an oxygen-containing gas and high-temperature steam to partially burn and thermally decompose, and the generated gas is recovered by this pyrolysis. is there.

When starting such a gasifier,
In order to accelerate the reaction between the supplied pulverized coal and the oxidizing agent, a gasification furnace heating burner provided in the gasification furnace main body is ignited such that the inside of the gasification furnace is heated to a temperature higher than the ignition temperature. In addition, the slag tap heating burner is ignited as necessary so that the slag tap formed at the bottom of the furnace body is not blocked by ash in the coal.

However, in such a coal gasifier,
When the gasification reaction takes place, the molten slag flows down the furnace wall and covers the gasifier heating burner outlet for long-term operation.If the furnace is stopped in this state, the gasifier heating At the burner outlet, the slag solidifies and closes the burner outlet. When the furnace is restarted in such a state, the gasifier heating burner does not operate, so that there is a problem that this burner must be removed from the furnace body to remove the attached slag.

To cope with such a problem, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 63-135492 discloses a slag tap heating burner at the start of a coal gasification facility and gasification for pulverized coal ignition in a gasification furnace. It describes that the burner for heating the furnace is ignited, and after the gasification furnace temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the fuel gas of the burner for heating the gasification furnace is switched to pulverized coal and activated.

However, in the method described in the above-mentioned publication, since the gasifier heating burner is diverted as a pulverized coal burner, there is no flame holding mechanism, and ignition and combustion maintenance of combustion gas are unstable. Often, misfires occur. Therefore, it is necessary to heat the gasifier to a certain temperature, for example, by using a slag tap burner or another burner. In addition, the slag tap burner alone does not sufficiently raise the temperature of the refractory below the slag tap, has a problem with the heat retention when the slag flows down, and is prone to clogging of the slag tap, requiring a long startup time. Become.

[0007] In order to raise the gasifier to the ignition temperature of pulverized coal and to sufficiently heat the refractory around it together with the slag tap, Jun Inumaru et al., "Development of a pressurized two-stage spouted bed coal gasifier. (JSME Special Papers Separate Volume, 55, 53
No. 5, B, March 1991, published on March 1991, pages 12 to 17), a starting combustion chamber is provided below the gasification furnace, and the above-mentioned portion is heated by the hot gas. It has been proposed that pulverized coal is blown into the gasifier and started.

However, a cooling water hopper for cooling the slag is provided below the combustion chamber of the separate device. For this reason,
Since heat is also consumed for heating the cooling water of the cooling water hopper, heat loss is large and operating costs are increased. In order to prevent this, a long interval is used between the combustion chamber and the cooling water hopper.However, in this case, the distance between the starting combustion chamber and the cooling water hopper increases, and the height of the furnace body increases. And equipment costs increase

[0009]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to shorten the start-up time, improve the restartability, reduce the heat loss, and efficiently heat the slag tap.
An object of the present invention is to provide a coal gasifier capable of reducing the height of a furnace body.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a coal gasification facility according to the present invention is configured to partially burn coal and carbonaceous solids with an oxidizing agent to gasify the coals and carbonaceous solids. A gasification furnace for melting the slag and a combustion chamber provided between a cooling water hopper for granulating the molten slag flowing down from the gasification furnace, and a movable or detachable heating the gasification furnace. The gist of the present invention is to provide a gasifier heating burner that allows the frame to be ejected upward.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the coal gasification facility of the present invention. The gasifier 1 is provided with a coal burner 4 for supplying coal and O ₂ gas. A heating combustion chamber 2 communicating with a slag tap 5 is provided below the gasification furnace 1. A heating slag tap burner 6 for a slag tap 5 at the bottom of the gasification furnace 1 and a slag tap 5
And a movable gasifier heating burner 7 that ignites for heating the gasifier 1. The gasification furnace heating burner 7 is connected and supported by a moving cart 9 and is inserted into a sealing device 8 for shutting off the hot gas in the heating combustion chamber 2 from the outside. A cooling water hopper 3 for granulating molten slag flowing down from the gasification furnace 1 is provided below the heating combustion chamber.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the sealing device 8. A shaft seal component 11 made up of one or both of an O-ring and a gland packing for shutting off a hot gas from the heating combustion chamber 2 and the outside, and if necessary, provided in consideration of high-pressure or harmful gas. An inflatable seal 12, a telescopic tube 10 for absorbing thermal expansion of the gasification furnace skin and vibration during movement of the cart 9, and a guide roller 13 are provided.

Next, the operation method of this embodiment will be described. When the gasification equipment is started, a gasifier heating burner port is provided immediately below the slag tap 5 so that the combustion frame of the gasifier heating burner 7 installed on the cart 9 hits the slag tap 5 of the gasifier 1. Dolly 9 so that 15 is located
The heating burner 7 is moved and set. Next, the gasifier heating burner 7 is ignited by the igniter 16, the combustion frame is turned upward, and the inside of the furnace and the outside are sealed by the sealing device 8, while the upper slag tap 5, the gasifier Heat 1 When the temperature of the gasification furnace becomes 200 ° C. or higher, coal and an oxidant (O ₂ gas) are supplied from the coal burner 4 to ignite the coal burner 4. After confirming that the coal burner has ignited, the gasifier heating burner 7 is moved by the trolley 9 to a position where it is not exposed to the molten slag flowing down from the slag tap 5 of the gasifier 1. If the burner port 15 is moved to the inside of the wall 14 so as to be hidden by the inner wall 14 of the furnace, it is possible to prevent the burner port 15 from being blocked by scattering of slag.

Another embodiment of the sealing device 9 is shown in FIG.
The example shown in the figure is a sealing device 8 provided with a shut-off valve 17 in front of a shaft reel component 11 composed of one or both of an O-ring and a gland packing. The gasifier heating burner 7 is pulled out from the combustion chamber 2 to the shaft seal part 11 by the bogie 9, and the shutoff valve 17 provided in front of the gland packing 11 is closed. By closing the shut-off valve 17, the hot gas from the combustion chamber can be shut off, and the gasifier heating burner 7 can be detached without leaking the hot gas from the combustion chamber. The installation of the shut-off valve 17 is not limited to the above, and the sealing device 8 may be connected to the combustion chamber 2.
The position is not particularly limited as long as the position is from any position including.

[0015]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. By moving the gasifier heating burner, a gasifier heating burner structure with the burner port facing upward can be adopted, so that the gasification furnace can be heated without heating the entire combustion chamber or the cooling water in the cooling water hopper. Heating can be performed efficiently, and a smooth start-up can be obtained.

By opening the furnace heating burner port upward, it becomes possible to ignite the coal burner at a low temperature without heating the gasification furnace temperature to the ignition temperature or higher. The time required is reduced.

By making the furnace heating burner movable, it is possible to retreat to a position where it is not exposed to slag flowing down from above immediately after ignition of the coal burner,
Smooth startup and shutdown can be obtained without hindering operation during normal operation.

By making the in-furnace heating burner detachable, the in-furnace heating burner can be kept from being exposed to high temperatures during normal operation, and the heat-resistant structure of the gasification furnace heating burner can be relaxed. It is possible to prevent the burner opening from being blocked by slag scattering.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a coal gasifier according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a sealing device for a furnace burner for heating in a furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the sealing device for the furnace heating burner of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasifier 2 Heating combustion chamber 3 Cooling water hopper 4 Coal burner 5 Slag tap 6 Heating slag tap burner 7 Gasifier heating burner 8 Sealing device 9 Truck 10 Telescopic tube 11 Shaft seal part 12 Inflatable seal 13 Guide roller 14 Furnace inner wall 15 Burner port 16 Igniter 17 Shut-off valve

Claims (4)

[Claims] A gasification furnace for partially burning coal and carbonaceous solids with an oxidizing agent to gasify the ash of the coals and carbonaceous solids, and a molten slag flowing down from the gasification furnace. In a coal gasification facility having a gasification furnace heating burner in a heating combustion chamber provided in the middle of a cooling water hopper to be granulated, the gasification furnace heating burner is mounted on a moving device, and the heating Coal gasification equipment characterized in that the gasifier heating burner is movably inserted into a seal device that communicates with the combustion chamber and shuts off the outside. 2. A gasifier heating burner is mounted on a sealing device having a structure in which a telescopic tube is connected to the combustion chamber, and a shaft sealing part comprising one or both of an O-ring and a gland packing is connected to the telescopic tube. The coal gasification facility according to claim 1, wherein the coal gasification facility is inserted. 3. The coal gasification facility according to claim 1, wherein a shut-off valve is provided between the combustion chamber and the sealing device. 4. The coal gasification facility according to claim 1, further comprising a gasifier heating burner having a burner port provided upward at a right angle to the burner axis. .