JPH10254941A - Plotting method for cad for facility construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plotting method which facilitates the display of area, passing core number, distance, dimension, coupling state and route change for simplifying the model construction of CAD for facility construction. SOLUTION: When a paper sheet is selected on a display screen, a plotting enabled area 20 is displayed. The numbers of passing cores 11-15 are always displayed. The size of cursor 22 is enlarged or reduced corresponding to the size of member and the distance or dimension is displayed. The coupling state is displayed so as to be adsorbed. When the route of member at one part is changed, a member linked to that member moves and a piping route is newly provided or erased. The distance between members or the length of member crossing a search line is displayed. Thus, efficiency in plotting work due to the CAD system is remarkably improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a computer-aided design system, a so-called CAD system.
In particular, the present invention relates to a novel drawing method in a CAD system for facility construction in which a building frame, a duct, a pipe, and the like are superimposed on a display screen of a computer and modeled.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A number of patent applications have already been filed for CAD systems. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-3149995 "Drawing Creation System" and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-329131 "Building Drawing Creation Apparatus" JP-A-8-
No. 329139 "Architectural design method and architectural design system", Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-6815 "Equipment layout drawing creating method",
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-6815, "Method of creating facility layout drawing", and the like have been proposed. However, three-dimensional CAD dealing with solids
There are many issues that need to be solved for the system, such as sliding the cursor three-dimensionally,
There are drawbacks in that the operation of connecting the parts in three dimensions is complicated, and that it takes a long time to calculate the coordinates of the three-dimensional object, thereby slowing the drawing.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional CAD system which: (1) clarifies a draftable area and facilitates model construction; ) Displaying the numbers of the wicks to facilitate the construction of the model. (3) Displaying the distance between the wicks and the distance between the wicks to facilitate the construction of the model. (5) To facilitate a series of operations associated with a change in a route (6) To provide a drawing method that facilitates the display of the distance between members in a specific cross section and improves the efficiency of these operations. .

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of drawing a CAD for facility construction in which a building model, a duct, a pipe, and the like are displayed on a display screen using a diagram and a construction model is constructed. The first surface is characterized in that a draftable area when the sheet is selected by designating the sheet size and scale on the display screen is displayed by a frame of a line.

As a result, for example, 5
When you print out a drawing made in 1/0 size and hand it out to the user, it is visually specified which area is included in the size, and a drawing with necessary parts missing is created Can be avoided. Thus, it is possible to construct a model including all necessary parts, and it is easy to construct a three-dimensional model.

In the second aspect of the present invention, a grid line number is always displayed near a position where a grid line crossing the display screen crosses an edge of the screen, and a predetermined grid number is displayed on the display screen. Even when an area is cut out and enlarged, the center line number is automatically displayed near the position where the center line passing through the area intersects the edge of the enlarged area.

Conventionally, even if a grid number is assigned to the periphery of the display screen, if the center portion of the display screen is cut out and enlarged, the grid number protrudes from the enlarged screen and is not displayed. Was. In the present invention, the enlarged screen becomes the active screen, and the core number is automatically calculated and displayed according to the state before the enlargement. Thus, the number of the center line is always displayed, and the efficiency of the drawing operation is improved.

In a third aspect of the present invention, the size of a cursor for displaying a member arranged on a display screen is enlarged or reduced in accordance with the size of a given member, and the size of a member displayed by the cursor is displayed. The dimensions between the center or the edge of the adjacent member and the center or the edge or the center of the adjacent member are automatically displayed.

That is, since a cursor is enlarged and displayed for a member having a large diameter of a pipe or a duct, it is easy to visually understand and a model can be easily constructed. In addition, the distance between the cursor and the center or edge of the adjacent member or the center line is displayed, so it is easy to determine how much clearance there is and how much the pipe or duct diameter is acceptable. And the efficiency of the drawing operation is improved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the operation of sliding and joining the second part to the stationary first part on the display screen, a fixed area around the stationary first part has a predetermined size. Is set, and it is detected that the second part has slid into the proximity area, and the end of the second part is forcibly abutted against the end of the first part to draw a state in which the end is joined. It is characterized by:

Thus, for example, when an operation of abutting a straight pipe on the side surface of a stationary cube is performed on a display screen, conventionally, even if an operation of sliding the straight pipe is performed, at any position in a three-dimensional space, Although it was difficult to determine whether the end faces collided, in the present invention, when the second part was brought close to a certain distance, a three-dimensional end face position was automatically calculated to determine the collision position. Are forced to collide with each other, so that the component joining operation on the display screen is greatly facilitated. Thus, it is easy to construct a connection model of devices and members.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, when a part of the path is moved by assigning a continuous attribute to a specific path on the display screen, the members of the path connected to the path include joints. And automatically add new piping routes and automatically delete unnecessary piping routes.

Conventionally, when a part of a route is changed, it is necessary to rearrange all the members of the route connected to the route and to add and delete the route. In the present invention, the calculation is performed so that the path is always continuous, the necessity of changing the members and the joints is determined, and the calculation is performed to add the necessary path and delete the unnecessary path. Thus, a series of operations associated with the change of the route is facilitated, and the efficiency of the drawing operation is improved.

In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a method for drawing a search line across a display screen.
It is characterized in that the distance and the deviation dimension between members, street cores and reference lines crossing the search line are automatically displayed.

As described above, when a predetermined command is given, the center or edge of the part displayed by the cursor or the distance between the cores is automatically displayed. In order to check and display, a method of drawing a search line is effective. This facilitates the display of the target reference line, the distance between the members, and the dimensions (width / height) of the members, and improves the efficiency of the drawing operation. The above-mentioned features and other features of the CAD system according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and examples.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A CAD system according to the present invention comprises:
Personal computer (for example, IBM compatible machine or NE
C, PC98 series), and Windows95 or WindowsNT is assumed as a platform. This CAD system employs a so-called window-type operation method, in which various command buttons are arranged around or at the center of the window, and the display screen can be divided into a plurality of parts, or a part of the window can be cut out and enlarged. It has become.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the arrangement of ducts in a building. In order to refer to the position of the skeleton of the building, three grid numbers 7, 8, and 9 are given along the vertical direction, and Two street core numbers B and C are given along the direction.

According to one feature of the present invention, the paper size (for example, A4) and the scale (for example, 5) are displayed on the display screen.
By instructing (1/0), a draftable area when the sheet is selected is displayed by a line frame 20. Therefore, when an A4 size drawing drawn in 1/50 size is printed out and handed to a user, it is visually specified which area is included in the size. Thus, a situation where a drawing in which a necessary part is missing is avoided. Thus, it is possible to construct a model including all necessary parts, and it is easy to construct a three-dimensional model.

According to one feature of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the grid number is always displayed near the position where the grid line crossing the display screen intersects the edge of the screen. . Furthermore, even when a predetermined area (for example, the area 20) on the display screen is cut out and enlarged, the line of the passing core passing through the area is automatically placed near the position where the line intersects the edge of the enlarged area. Grid numbers (8 and B in the area 20) are displayed.

Conventionally, even if a grid number is assigned to the periphery of the display screen, if the center portion of the display screen is cut out and enlarged, the grid number will protrude from the enlarged screen and will not be displayed. Was. In the present invention, the enlarged screen becomes the active screen, and the core number is automatically calculated and displayed according to the state before the enlargement. Thus, the number of the center line is always displayed, and the efficiency of the drawing operation is improved.

According to one feature of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the size of a cursor 22 for displaying a member arranged on a display screen is scaled in accordance with the size of a given member. At the same time, the dimension between the center or the edge of the member displayed by the cursor 22 and the center or the edge or the center lines B and C of the adjacent member 23 is automatically displayed.

That is, since the cursor is enlarged and displayed for a member having a large pipe diameter, it is easy to understand visually, and model construction becomes easy. In addition, the distance between the center or the edge of the cursor and the center or the edge or the center of the adjacent member is displayed, so you can determine how much clearance there is and how much the pipe or duct diameter is allowed. It is easy to make a decision, and the efficiency of the drawing operation is improved.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a suction function, which is one of the features of the present invention. FIGS. 2A and 2B show a state immediately before a cylinder (straight pipe) 25 is slid and coupled to the center of the bottom surface of a stationary truncated frustum (reducer) 24. Since the cylinder 25 has already entered a close area of a fixed size set around the stationary truncated truncated cone 24, the planned position at which the centers of the two are joined by the three-dimensional calculation is the scheduled joining point 26. , 27 are displayed.

FIGS. 2C and 2D show a state where the two parts are forcibly abutted and joined at the next moment, and the joining point is indicated by a large point 28 in FIG. 2D.
In addition, it is possible to set so as to emit a beep sound at the moment of connection, and conversely, to emit a beep sound at the moment of separation of the two. FIGS. 2A and 2C show both end faces from a right angle direction for easy understanding.
Actually, the same operation can be performed even when the end face is oblique.

As described above, when an operation of abutting a straight tube on the side surface of a stationary cube is performed on the display screen, conventionally, even if the operation of sliding the straight tube is performed, at any position in the three-dimensional space actually. Although it was difficult to determine whether the end faces collided, in the present invention, when the second part was brought close to a certain distance, a three-dimensional end face position was automatically calculated to determine the collision position. Are forced to collide with each other, so that the component joining operation on the display screen is greatly facilitated. Thus, the construction of the connection state model of the devices and members becomes easy.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a route change function which is one of the features of the present invention. If it is planned to move the straight pipe 31, which is a part of the continuous duct 30 composed of a straight pipe and a joint such as a reducer, to the position of the straight pipe 32 on the left side in FIG. The members of the path connected to the pipe 31 move together with the joint. FIG. 3 shows an outline display state on the way, in which the moved ducts 33, 34, 35, and 36 are displayed only by thick lines. Here, if the position of each member is determined, a diagram of a straight pipe or a joint will be displayed based on the data of each member.

Conventionally, when a part of a route is changed, it is necessary to rearrange all the members of the route connected to the route and to add and delete the route. In the present invention, it is necessary to add a continuous attribute. Thus, a calculation is performed so that the path is always continuous, the necessity of changing members and joints is determined, and a calculation is performed to add a necessary path and delete an unnecessary path. Thus, a series of operations associated with the change of the route is facilitated, and the efficiency of the drawing operation is improved.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a search line function which is one of the features of the present invention. In FIG. 4, a straight line 41 extending upward from a start end 41a is connected to a right-angled line 42, and terminates at an end 42a. This is the search line (search line) in the present invention. By drawing a search line that traverses the display screen in this way, the distance and the deviation between the members, the center line, and the reference line that intersect with the search line are changed to the starting end 41.
a are arranged side by side to the right.

In the CAD system of the present invention, a method of drawing a search line is effective for checking and displaying a gap between members in a specific cross section. This facilitates the display of the target reference line, the distance between the members, and the dimensions (width / height) of the members, and improves the efficiency of the drawing operation.

[0030]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A CAD system having more functions including the above-mentioned functions will be described as an embodiment of the present invention.
The CAD system having the features according to the present invention is not a tool for simply copying a drawing on paper, but a system for supporting engineering itself. Therefore, a three-dimensional CAD model faithful to the real thing is used as a core. Provides construction model and engineering check functions.

In this CAD system, various models from the building skeleton to the ducts and pipes can be assembled with simple operations to assemble members in the same manner as in actual construction, and a complete image can be grasped. FIG. 5 shows a display screen divided into four parts, and a plan view, a front view, a right side view, and a perspective view are displayed in respective windows. The data input for one project can be used for purposes such as spool drawing and material tabulation, and can be used for total production design such as planning, design, estimation, construction, production, and operation management.

This CAD system has the following functions. (A) Function to manage project models and drawings (B) Function to create equipment / tool shape model in virtual factory (C) Function to build construction model in project (D) Drawing generation function derived from construction model

(A) Function for managing project models and drawings Conventionally, models and drawings are displayed as a text string of a file name, and the user has to select and manage with this name. (A1) Model and Drawing Management Function by Sections The building is divided into three-dimensional areas, and model sections corresponding to real spaces are defined. The drawing section is defined by designating the scale and paper size correspondingly. The concept of a section in which the area of each plan view or sectional view displayed in the drawing section is defined as a figure section is introduced, and the section is displayed in advance as a plane or a three-dimensional figure. This allows the following:

(A) Function of selecting a model / drawing from the overall view of a building Selection of a model or drawing can be automatically performed by designating a figure defining a model section. Unlike the prior art, there is no need to memorize the name, so that not only the creator of the drawing but also the manager can select the desired drawing by remembering the location of the building on which floor.

(B) Layout function for drawing plane, cross section, perspective view, etc. in drawing paper By specifying the size and scale of the paper on the screen, a line frame is displayed and the user can visually know the drawing-capable range. be able to. A plurality of figures can be laid out by designating the viewpoint (plane direction, front direction, etc.) of the model and the area of the display figure on the display paper. (C) Construction progress management function The construction progress status can be managed by adding an attribute such as color coding to each section.

(A2) Setting function of building core, floor height, etc. Three types of grids can be drawn: grid, diagonal, and radial. (A3) Project setting function of equipment / equipment The specification can be set to the specification for a specific user for each property.

(A4) Data Security Function Data is stored at any time for each work, and is also stored until the immediately preceding work in the event of a power failure or the like. (A5) Network management function Multiple users in the office can draw the same property at the same time. Even large-scale projects can be done in a short period of time.

(B) Function of creating equipment / equipment shape model in virtual factory (B1) Defining and generating parts of three-dimensional figures and assembling a plurality of parts to form any equipment or equipment Is a function for registering a library in the library.
There are many two-dimensional parts libraries, but few three-dimensional parts libraries.

(B2) Simple operation function for constructing a combination of three-dimensional figures (a) Slider function: a function of moving a cursor to a target component and sliding the object on a display screen in an arbitrary direction. Slide it. (B) Contact search function between components: This is a function for checking whether adjacent components are three-dimensionally in contact with each other.

(C) Sticking function: in the operation of sliding the second component to the stationary first component on the display screen and joining them together, an adjacent area of a fixed size is set around the stationary first component. A function of detecting that the second part has slid into the proximity area and forcibly joining the end of the second part to the end of the first part to draw a state in which the end of the second part is joined to the end of the first part. . (D) Restriction movement / deformation function between shapes: a function of enlarging or reducing a part by moving the other end while fixing one end of the part.

(B3) Complementary shape input function by digital and analog display A rough input is made in the model space (analog), and the numerical value displayed on the digital screen is changed to a fixed value. The reverse is also possible. (B4) Function of assigning a project name to equipment in the registered library (B5) Since standard products such as pumps and fans are registered in advance as a three-dimensional shape library, a predetermined place in the project space when necessary It has a function that can be called and placed.

(C) Function of constructing a construction model in a project Conventionally, a route line was created in advance, and the route line was converted into a model by inputting a component size and an attribute. To enter the position accurately, the coordinates were entered numerically.

(C1) Model Building Support Function (a) Automatic Display of Grid Line Number The grid number is always displayed near the position where the grid line crossing the display screen intersects the edge of the screen. Even when a predetermined area on the display screen is cut out and enlarged, a grid line number is automatically displayed near a position where a line of a grid passing through the area intersects the edge of the expanded area.

(B) Automatic display of pipe / duct size based on cursor size The size of the cursor for displaying the members arranged on the display screen is enlarged or reduced according to the size of the given member. (C) Automatic display of the centerline and the deviation from each member The dimension between the center or the edge of the member displayed by the cursor and the center or the edge or the centerline of the adjacent member is automatically displayed. The pitch of the display distance can be controlled at a practical level.

(C2) Model construction function (a) Creation of route Just by instructing key points of the route (bending, branching position, etc.),
Straight pipes, elbows and reducers are automatically selected, and members to be arranged can be continuously created in three dimensions without interruption. It is also possible to arrange a riser or a riser from a plane direction. T-tubes, direct take-outs, and branches can be easily created in the middle of the created route.

(B) Single item arrangement A function for individually arranging members at predetermined positions. (C) Array copy A function to regularly copy the arrangement of individual items according to the array rules. (D) Insertion arrangement A function of automatically inserting and arranging target members by designating members before and after the arrangement target member.

(E) Interruption arrangement A function of automatically dividing an existing member and interrupting the arrangement target member by designating the position of the arrangement target member in the middle of the already arranged members. (F) Block placement A function of automatically generating a new member from an end of an existing member by indicating an end of an already arranged member.

(G) Change of route When a part of the route is moved, all the members of the route connected to it, including the joint, move together, and move and move according to the displacement of the designated member.
A function that automatically determines deformation, generation, and disappearance by the member itself and displays the result. In addition to moving the displacement,
It is possible to instruct by changing the pipe diameter size, and in this case also, the operation is determined by automatic judgment. (H) Change of specifications A function to automatically replace path members based on specifications registered in advance.

(I) Pipe splitting A function to automatically split straight pipes in a route. (J) Pipe integration A function to integrate the divided straight pipes in the route. (K) Connection check in route A function to automatically check the route connection of the model to make sure that all ducts and pipes are connected securely. (L) Piping specification setting by table manager The standard specifications for piping are set in advance.
Further, the user can set specifications for each service, and an appropriate member that matches the settings is automatically selected.

(D) Drawing Generation Function Derived from Construction Model Based on the constructed model, deviation dimensions, sizes, symbols, etc. are automatically or semi-automatically generated. It can also be generated by giving instructions interactively.

(D1) Automatic Drafting Function (a) Size / FL of Model Crossing Boundary of Drawing Section
Function to automatically generate height, service name, offset dimension, fracture surface, break line, and wick. (B) A function for automatically generating the size / FL height, service name, damper name, valve name, flexible duct symbol, and air vent symbol of the model in the diagram section. (C) A function of automatically searching for the contents of a section and automatically generating a list of air vents and a list of exhaust vents.

(D2) Semi-automatic drafting function (a) By drawing a search line (search line) having an instruction function, the distance between members, grid lines, and reference lines intersecting the line segment and the dimensions (width) of members・ A function to automatically display height). (B) A function of automatically displaying a deviation dimension again by a reprocessing instruction while keeping the search line even if the position of the member is changed. (C) A function to draw another search line and automatically display the attributes (tube size / device size) of the member that intersects it.

(D3) Single line diagram display function of piping A function of automatically forming a single line by setting the pipe diameter to be displayed as a single line from a three-dimensional piping model.

By providing the above-mentioned functions, the CAD system according to the present invention covers the functions of the conventional two-dimensional CAD system, solves the difficulty unique to three-dimensional CAD, and constructs and draws a target model. In addition, a dramatic improvement in efficiency can be achieved.

[0055]

As described above in detail, according to the drawing method of the present invention, a draftable area is specified, a grid line number is always displayed, a distance between grid lines and a deviation dimension can be easily displayed, and a device or the like can be displayed. This facilitates the construction of the connected state of members, facilitates a series of operations associated with path changes, and facilitates the display of the distance between members and the dimensions of members in a specific cross section. The technical effects are extremely remarkable, such as dramatically improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pipe according to a CAD system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a sticking function in the CAD system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a path change function in the CAD system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a search line function in the CAD system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the CAD system of the present invention, in which a display screen is divided into four parts, and a plan view, a front view, a right side view,
FIG. 4 is a development view showing a perspective view in each window.

[Explanation of symbols]

 B, C street core number 7, 8, 9 street core number 11 to 15 street core 20 draftable area 22 cursor 23 straight pipe 24, 25 part 26, 27 planned connection point 28 connection position 30 duct 31, 32 straight pipe 41, 42 Search Line

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A method for drawing a CAD for equipment construction in which a building model, a duct, piping, etc. are displayed on a display screen using a diagram and a construction model is constructed, and a paper size and a scale are indicated on the display screen. The drawing possible area when the paper is selected is indicated by a line frame.
Drawing method. 2. A method of drawing a CAD for equipment construction in which a building model, a duct, a pipe, etc. are displayed on a display screen using a diagram and a construction model is constructed. Is always displayed near the position where it crosses the edge of the screen, and when a predetermined area on the display screen is cut out and enlarged, the area of the grid line passing through that area is enlarged. A method of drawing CAD for facility construction, characterized by automatically displaying a center line number near a position intersecting an edge of a building. 3. A CAD construction method for constructing a construction model by displaying building frames, ducts, pipes, and the like on a display screen using a diagram, and displaying members arranged on the display screen. The size of the cursor to be displayed is scaled in accordance with the size of the given member, and the dimension between the center or edge of the member displayed by the cursor and the center or edge or the center of the adjacent member is A method for drawing CAD for equipment construction, which is automatically displayed. 4. A construction construction CAD drawing method for constructing a construction model by displaying a building frame, a duct, piping, and the like on a display screen using a diagram, wherein the first part is stationary on the display screen. In the operation of sliding and joining the second component, a proximity area of a certain size is set around the stationary first component, and it is detected that the second component has slid into the proximity area, A construction C for drawing a state in which the end of the second part is forcibly abutted against the end of the first part and joined together.
How to draw AD. 5. A CAD construction method for constructing a construction model by displaying building frames, ducts, pipes, and the like on a display screen using a diagram, wherein a continuous attribute is assigned to a specific route on the display screen. When a part of the route is moved, the members of the route connected to it move, including the joints, automatically adding new piping routes and automatically removing unnecessary piping routes. A method of drawing a CAD for construction of equipment, characterized by erasing the data. 6. A construction construction CAD drawing method for constructing a construction model by displaying a building frame, a duct, a pipe, etc. on a display screen using a diagram, and drawing a search line crossing the display screen. A method for drawing a CAD for facility construction, wherein the distance and the deviation dimension between members, street cores, and reference lines intersecting the search line are automatically displayed.